JP2009526137A - 加湿器及びそれに含まれる蒸発マット - Google Patents
加湿器及びそれに含まれる蒸発マット Download PDFInfo
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- JP2009526137A JP2009526137A JP2008553598A JP2008553598A JP2009526137A JP 2009526137 A JP2009526137 A JP 2009526137A JP 2008553598 A JP2008553598 A JP 2008553598A JP 2008553598 A JP2008553598 A JP 2008553598A JP 2009526137 A JP2009526137 A JP 2009526137A
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Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G73/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing nitrogen with or without oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule, not provided for in groups C08G12/00 - C08G71/00
- C08G73/02—Polyamines
- C08G73/0206—Polyalkylene(poly)amines
- C08G73/0213—Preparatory process
- C08G73/022—Preparatory process from polyamines and epihalohydrins
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- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/022—Non-woven fabric
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- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/08—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer the fibres or filaments of a layer being of different substances, e.g. conjugate fibres, mixture of different fibres
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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Abstract
(1)繊維表面がコーティングで被覆されている繊維から成り、
(2)ポリアミンと、構造X-CH2[CH2CH(OR)]wCH2- (式中、wは0〜1の整数であり、wが0である場合、Xはハロゲンを意味し、wが1である場合、Xはハロゲンであり、Rは水素を示し、あるいは、X及びRは合わせて-O-を意味する)の末端基でエーテル化されたポリアルキレングリコールの硬化反応生成物を含む、
布帛を含むことにより特徴付けられている。
Description
i)ポリエステル、特にポリエチレンテレフタレートまたはポリブチレンテレフタレート
ii)ポリオレフィン、特にポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、及びエチレン/α-オレフィン共重合体であってα-オレフィンとしてはC3〜C8のα-オレフィンが好ましく、プロピレンが特に好ましい
iii)ポリアミド、特にナイロン-6またはナイロン-66
iv)熱可塑性ポリウレタン
a) 直鎖の1,ω-ジアミノアルカン、H2N-(CH2)m-NH2、ここでmは好ましくは2〜8、より好ましくは2〜4であって、例として1,2-ジアミノエタン、1,3-ジアミノプロパン、1,4-ジアミノブタン、1,5-ジアミノペンタン、又は1,6-ジアミノヘキサンが挙げられる。
b) a)に記載の、特により好ましくはmが2〜4である、1,ω-ジアミノアルカンをアクリロニトリルと反応させること、及びそれに続いて起こる接触水素添加により得られるポリアミン; これらのポリアミンは、アミノ基に対して等モルより少ない量のアクリロニトリルが使用された場合は、主にH2N-(CH2)3-NH-(CH2)m-NH2の構造を有し、等モルまたは過剰量のアクリロニトリルを使用した場合、ポリアミンは主にH2N-(CH2)3-NH-(CH2)m-NH-(CH2)3-NH2の構造を有する。
c) a)に記載の、特により好ましくはmが2〜4である、1,ω-ジアミノアルカンをアジリジンと反応させることにより得られるポリアミン; これらのポリアミンは、アミノ基に対して等モルより少ない量のアジリジンが使用された場合は、主にH2N-(CH2)2-NH-(CH2)m-NH2の構造を有し、等モルまたは過剰量のアクリロニトリルを使用した場合、ポリアミンは主にH2N-(CH2)2-NH-(CH2)m-NH-(CH2)2-NH2の構造を有する。
d) 直鎖脂肪族の1,ω-ジイソシアネート OCN-(CH2)k-NCO (ここでkは好ましくは2〜4) をa)に記載の1,ω-ジアミンと反応させることにより得られるポリアミン;これらのポリアミンは、イソシアネート基に対して等モルより少ない量のジアミンが使用された場合は、主にH2N-(CH2)m-NHCONH-(CH2)k-NH2の構造を有し、等モルまたは過剰量のジアミンを使用した場合、ポリアミンは主にH2N-(CH2)m-NHCONH-(CH2)k-NHCONH-(CH2)m-NH2の構造を有する。
e) 直鎖脂肪族の1,ω-ビスカルボン酸ハロゲン化物XCO-(CH2)p -OCX (Pは好ましくは2〜6)と、ハロゲン化アシル基に対して過剰量のa)に記載の1,ω-ジアミンとの反応により得られるポリアミン; これらのポリアミンは主にH2N-(CH2)m-NHCO-(CH2)p-CONH-(CH2)m-NH2の構造を有する。
f) ポリアミン類の別の具体例はグリコールまたはポリエーテルジオールを出発物質として得られる。グリコール(一般的な構造式はHO-(CH2)s-OHで、式中のsは好ましくは2または3) またはポリエーテルジオール(一般的な構造式はHO-(CHYCHZO)q-Hで、式中のY及びZは水素またはメチル基、qは好ましくは2〜4) はまず、ヒドロキシル基より過剰量の1,ω-ジハロゲン化アルキル(即ち、ヒドロキシル基1モル当たり1モルよりも多いジハロゲン化アルキル)と反応させ、その後、過剰量のアンモニアと反応させてよい。1,ω-ジハロゲン化アルキルはX-(CH2)t-Xの構造を有し、式中のXは塩素、臭素及びヨウ素から選択され、tは好ましくは、2〜4である。例として、1,2-ジブロモエタン、1,3-ジブロモプロパン、及び1,3-ジクロロプロパンがある。グリコールを出発物質とする場合、得られるポリアミンはH2N-(CH2)t-O-(CH2)s-O-(CH2)t-NH2の構造を有し、ポリエーテルジオールを出発物質とする場合、H2N-(CH2)t-O-(CHYCHZO)q-(CH2)t-NH2の構造を有する。
式中、Y及びZは前述の意味を有し、アルキレンオキシドは(X-CH2CH2-OHに対して)所望の複数倍のモル量となるように大過剰量使用される。その後、(X-CH2CH2-OHに対して(Xは上述の意味を有する))1当量のX-CH2CH2-Xと、助剤となる塩基の存在下で反応させる。
Claims (27)
- 液体の蒸発のための装置であって、液体によって湿らされている蒸発マットを有し、前記マットから液体が蒸発する装置であって、蒸発マットが、
(1)繊維表面がコーティングで被覆されている繊維から成り、
(2)ポリアミンと、構造X-CH2[CH2CH(OR)]wCH2- (式中、wは0〜1の整数であり、wが0である場合、Xはハロゲンを意味し、wが1である場合、Xはハロゲンであり、Rは水素を示し、あるいは、X及びRは合わせて-O-を意味する)の末端基でエーテル化されたポリアルキレングリコールの硬化反応生成物を含む、
布帛を含むことにより特徴付けられている、装置。 - 繊維が熱可塑性合成物質である、請求項1に記載の装置。
- 繊維が、130℃〜270℃の範囲内にある融点または融解範囲を有する熱可塑性合成物質、特にポリエチレンテレフタレートまたはポリプロピレンから成る、請求項2に記載の装置。
- 布帛(1)が不織布である、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の装置。
- 不織布が、繊維同士が互いに接触している繊維の交差点を有し、当該交差点において、繊維が、熱可塑性バインダー、デュロプラスティックバインダー、又は熱可塑性ホットメルト接着剤によって共に接着されている、請求項4に記載の装置。
- 蒸発マットが波形を有しており、その波形の谷及び波頂は直線状で、互いに平行に走っており、全ての谷の谷間の線(B、B')は第一の仮想平面上にあり、全ての波頂の頂上の線(C、C')は第二の仮想平面上にあり、その第一及び第二の仮想平面が互いに平行である、請求項5に記載の装置。
- 各々の波の方向が蒸発マットの所定の位置において折り目を形成して変化し、その位置は波の波頂の頂上の線(C)と、全ての波頂の頂上の線(C、C')を横切る仮想直線(A)の交点で決定され、方向の変化が全ての波において同一である、請求項6に記載の装置。
- 一の蒸発マット、又は互いの頂上に位置し共に接着されている複数の蒸発マット(31、32、33)を含む、請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の装置。
- 蒸発させられる液体を、断続的または連続的に、一または複数の蒸発マットに供給するための、一または複数の供給ラインを含む、請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の装置。
- 供給ラインがノズルで、当該ノズルは、一または複数の蒸発マット上に液体を噴霧する、請求項9に記載の装置。
- 供給ラインが複数の開口部を有するチューブであって、当該チューブは、液体を一または複数の蒸発マット上に供給する、請求項9に記載の装置。
- コーティングが難燃剤を含む、請求項1〜11のいずれか一項に記載の装置。
- 布帛が、10〜50の範囲内にある単位幾何学的表面当たりの総構造表面の比率として算出される多孔率を有する、請求項1〜13のいずれか一項に記載の装置。
- 繊維が交差している位置で繊維が互いに接触しており、当該繊維が交差している位置で、繊維が熱可塑性バインダー、デュロプラスティックバインダー、又は熱可塑性ホットメルト接着剤によって接着している熱可塑性合成物質の繊維を有する硬化された不織布を含んでおり、当該繊維の表面はポリアミンと構造X-CH2[CH2CH(OR)]wCH2- (式中、wは0〜1の整数であり、wが0である場合、Xはハロゲンを意味し、wが1である場合、Xはハロゲンであり、Rは水素を示し、あるいは、X及びRは合わせて-O-を意味する)の末端基でエーテル化されたポリアルキレングリコールとの硬化反応生成物を含むコーティングによって被覆されている、蒸発マット。
- 繊維が、190℃〜270℃の範囲内にある融点または融解範囲を有する合成物質から成る、特にポリエチレンテレフタレートまたはポリプロピレンから成る、請求項15に記載の蒸発マット。
- コーティングが難燃剤を含む、請求項15または16に記載の蒸発マット。
- 波形を有し、波の谷及び波頂が直線状で互いに平行に走っており、全ての谷の谷間の線(B、B')は一番目の仮想平面上にあり、全ての波頂の頂上の線(C、C')は第二の仮想平面上にあり、第一及び第二の仮想平面は互いに平行である、請求項15〜18のいずれか一項に記載の蒸発マット。
- それぞれの波の方向が蒸発マットの所定の位置において折り目を形成して変化し、当該位置は波の波頂の頂上の線(C)と、全ての波頂の頂上の線(C、C')と交差する仮想直線(A)の交点で決定され、方向の変化が全ての波において同一である、請求項19に記載の蒸発マット。
- 請求項1または15で定義した蒸発マットが液体で湿らされ、湿らされた蒸発マットには、蒸発させる液体の分圧が、当該液体と平衡状態になっている場合のガスのストリームにおける当該液体の分圧よりも低いガスのストリームが吹き付けられる、液体を蒸発させる方法。
- 液体が水で、水の蒸発により蒸発マット近傍のガスで満たされた空間が加湿される、請求項21に記載の方法。
- ガスで満たされた空間が空気を含む、請求項22に記載の方法。
- 液体は、不揮発性物質が水、有機溶媒、又は水/有機溶媒混合溶媒に溶解した溶液であって、液体の蒸発により液体中の不揮発性物質を濃縮する、請求項21に記載の方法。
- 水溶液が塩の溶液、糖の溶液、又は埋め立て地の浸出液である、請求項24に記載の方法。
- 液体が水、有機溶媒、又は水/有機溶媒混合溶媒であって、蒸発により液体を冷却する、請求項21に記載の方法。
- 水溶液が発電所の冷却塔または化学工程からの冷却剤である、請求項26に記載の方法。
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PCT/CH2007/000064 WO2007090313A2 (de) | 2006-02-10 | 2007-02-07 | Luftbefeucher und darin enthaltene verdunstungsmatte |
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US (1) | US20090294548A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1984678B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP2009526137A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101389907A (ja) |
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JP7531885B2 (ja) | 2020-06-02 | 2024-08-13 | ユニチカ株式会社 | 加湿エレメント及びスケール抑制方法 |
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Also Published As
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CA2641847C (en) | 2014-04-15 |
WO2007090313A2 (de) | 2007-08-16 |
ZA200806506B (en) | 2009-05-27 |
WO2007090313A3 (de) | 2008-04-17 |
CA2641847A1 (en) | 2007-08-16 |
CN101389907A (zh) | 2009-03-18 |
US20090294548A1 (en) | 2009-12-03 |
EP1984678B1 (de) | 2017-05-03 |
EP1984678A2 (de) | 2008-10-29 |
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