JP2009279577A - ディーゼル排ガスを浄化するための装置 - Google Patents
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- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
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- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9459—Removing one or more of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, or hydrocarbons by multiple successive catalytic functions; systems with more than one different function, e.g. zone coated catalysts
- B01D53/9477—Removing one or more of nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide, or hydrocarbons by multiple successive catalytic functions; systems with more than one different function, e.g. zone coated catalysts with catalysts positioned on separate bricks, e.g. exhaust systems
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- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/40—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals of the platinum group metals
- B01J23/44—Palladium
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/033—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices
- F01N3/035—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices with catalytic reactors, e.g. catalysed diesel particulate filters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/20—Reductants
- B01D2251/206—Ammonium compounds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2255/00—Catalysts
- B01D2255/10—Noble metals or compounds thereof
- B01D2255/102—Platinum group metals
- B01D2255/1021—Platinum
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2255/00—Catalysts
- B01D2255/10—Noble metals or compounds thereof
- B01D2255/102—Platinum group metals
- B01D2255/1023—Palladium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
- B01D2258/01—Engine exhaust gases
- B01D2258/012—Diesel engines and lean burn gasoline engines
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/9413—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst
- B01D53/9418—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst for removing nitrogen oxides by selective catalytic reduction [SCR] using a reducing agent in a lean exhaust gas
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
- B01D53/94—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases by catalytic processes
- B01D53/944—Simultaneously removing carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons or carbon making use of oxidation catalysts
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- F01N2570/00—Exhaust treating apparatus eliminating, absorbing or adsorbing specific elements or compounds
- F01N2570/14—Nitrogen oxides
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Abstract
【解決手段】パラジウムの全量対白金の全量の比率が、8:1〜1:15であり、その際、酸化触媒中の白金:パラジウムの比率が、6:1を超えず、他方、ディーゼル粒子フィルターの触媒活性被覆中の白金:パラジウムの比率が、10:1を超えない。
【効果】一方では、排ガス中、後方に接続されているSCR触媒の前で最適なNO/NO2比が達成され、かつ他方では、活性な粒子フィルター再生の間の最適な加熱およびHC変換特性が達成される。
【選択図】図1
Description
高い白金含有率を有する酸化触媒が、ディーゼル排ガス中で、NOからNO2への酸化において高い変換率を生じることは公知である。さらに、多量のパラジウムを含有する酸化触媒が、ディーゼル排ガス中の多量の未燃焼炭化水素をすでに低い温度で完全に反応させることができることも公知である。高い白金含有率を有する触媒は残念ながら、高い炭化水素含有率が存在する場合に消失する傾向があり、他方、パラジウムは十分なNO酸化活性を有していない。ここに、一方では触媒の要求されるNO変換性能と、他方ではその「ヒートアップパフォーマンス」との間の目標の対立が存在する。この対立は、すでにコストの理由から、両方の貴金属のパラジウムと白金とを単に酸化触媒中に「添加」することによって解決することはできない。
模範排ガス中での試験のために、種々の酸化触媒およびディーゼル粒子フィルターを製造した。貴金属量および貴金属の比率は、酸化触媒およびディーゼル粒子フィルターを含有する全ての装置に関して、同一の貴金属コストが生じるように選択した。
●グラムで記載されている全貴金属含有量は、触媒の体積に対するものである。
●「DOC」の記号を有する触媒番号は、本発明による触媒である。「VDOC」の記号を有する触媒番号は、比較触媒である。
●グラムで記載されている全貴金属含有量は、触媒の体積に対するものである。
●「DPC」の記号を有する触媒番号は、本発明によるディーゼル粒子フィルターである。「VDPC」の記号を有する触媒番号は、比較部材である。
●グラムで記載されている全貴金属含有量は、排ガス浄化ユニットの全体積に対するものである。
●「SYS」の記号を有するシステム番号は、本発明によるシステム構成である。「VSYS」の記号を有するシステム番号は、比較システムである。
Claims (7)
- 排ガスの流れ方向に、酸化触媒、触媒活性被覆を有するディーゼル粒子フィルター、外部の還元剤源から還元剤を導入する装置、およびSCR触媒を有し、酸化触媒、およびディーゼル粒子フィルターの触媒活性被覆が、パラジウムおよび白金を含有する、ディーゼル排ガスの浄化装置において、パラジウムの全量対白金の全量の比率が、8:1〜1:15であり、その際同時に、酸化触媒中の白金:パラジウムの比率が、6:1を超えず、他方、ディーゼル粒子フィルターの触媒活性被覆中の白金:パラジウムの比率が、10:1を下回らないことを特徴とする、ディーゼル排ガスの浄化装置。
- 酸化触媒が、セラミック製または金属製の貫流型ハニカム成形体上の、白金およびパラジウム含有触媒活性被覆からなり、ディーゼル粒子フィルターが、白金およびパラジウム含有触媒活性被覆と、フィルター体からなり、かつ貫流型ハニカム成形体対フィルター体の体積比が、1:1.5〜1:5であることを特徴とする、請求項1記載の装置。
- フィルター体が、セラミック材料または炭化ケイ素からなるウォールフロー型フィルター支持体の群から選択されていることを特徴とする、請求項2記載の装置。
- 白金が、酸化アルミニウム、酸化ランタン安定化された酸化アルミニウム、アルミノケイ酸塩、二酸化ケイ素、二酸化チタン、酸化セリウム、セリウムとジルコニウムとの混合酸化物、希土類金属のセスキ酸化物、ゼオライト、およびこれらの混合物からなる群から選択される、1もしくは複数の酸化物担体材料上に施与されていることを特徴とする、請求項3記載の装置。
- パラジウムが、酸化アルミニウム、酸化ランタン安定化された酸化アルミニウム、アルミノケイ酸塩、二酸化ケイ素、二酸化チタン、酸化セリウム、セリウムとジルコニウムとの混合酸化物、希土類金属のセスキ酸化物、ゼオライト、およびこれらの混合物からなる群から選択される、1もしくは複数の酸化物担体材料上に施与されていることを特徴とする、請求項3記載の装置。
- 白金およびパラジウムが、酸化アルミニウム、酸化ランタン安定化された酸化アルミニウム、アルミノケイ酸塩、二酸化ケイ素、二酸化チタン、酸化セリウム、セリウムとジルコニウムとの混合酸化物、希土類金属のセスキ酸化物、ゼオライト、およびこれらの混合物からなる群から選択される、1もしくは複数の酸化物担体材料上に施与されていることを特徴とする、請求項3記載の装置。
- ディーゼル排ガスの浄化法において、浄化すべきディーゼル排ガスが、請求項1から6までのいずれか1項記載の装置を通過して案内されることを特徴とする、ディーゼル排ガスの浄化法。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP08009493A EP2123345B1 (de) | 2008-05-23 | 2008-05-23 | Vorrichtung zur Reinigung von Dieselabgasen |
EP08009493.1 | 2008-05-23 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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JP2009279577A true JP2009279577A (ja) | 2009-12-03 |
JP4773501B2 JP4773501B2 (ja) | 2011-09-14 |
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JP2008299088A Active JP4773501B2 (ja) | 2008-05-23 | 2008-11-25 | ディーゼル排ガスを浄化するための装置 |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8057768B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP2123345B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4773501B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100993742B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN102015074B (ja) |
AT (1) | ATE476246T1 (ja) |
BR (1) | BRPI0822719B1 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE502008001082D1 (ja) |
RU (1) | RU2479341C2 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2009140989A1 (ja) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JP2013532049A (ja) * | 2010-05-05 | 2013-08-15 | ビー・エイ・エス・エフ、コーポレーション | 触媒化煤煙フィルターおよび排出処理システムおよび方法 |
JP2013169501A (ja) * | 2012-02-20 | 2013-09-02 | Mitsubishi Motors Corp | 排気浄化装置 |
JP2016517342A (ja) * | 2013-03-12 | 2016-06-16 | ビーエーエスエフ コーポレーション | No酸化用触媒材料 |
JP2017020510A (ja) * | 2012-02-22 | 2017-01-26 | ワトロー エレクトリック マニュファクチャリング カンパニー | ディーゼルエンジンの効率的な排出制御のための電気加熱アシスト受動再生および能動再生 |
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EP2112339A1 (de) * | 2008-04-24 | 2009-10-28 | Umicore AG & Co. KG | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Reinigung von Abgasen eines Verbrennungsmotors |
US8246923B2 (en) * | 2009-05-18 | 2012-08-21 | Umicore Ag & Co. Kg | High Pd content diesel oxidation catalysts with improved hydrothermal durability |
US8557203B2 (en) * | 2009-11-03 | 2013-10-15 | Umicore Ag & Co. Kg | Architectural diesel oxidation catalyst for enhanced NO2 generator |
GB201003781D0 (en) | 2010-03-08 | 2010-04-21 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Improvements in the control of vehicle emissions |
US8745969B2 (en) | 2010-09-08 | 2014-06-10 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Methods for engine exhaust NOx control using no oxidation in the engine |
US8137648B2 (en) * | 2010-10-12 | 2012-03-20 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Diesel engine exhaust treatment system and method including a platinum group metal trapping device |
US8062601B2 (en) * | 2010-10-26 | 2011-11-22 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | Emission SCR NOX aftertreatment system having reduced SO3 generation and improved durability |
WO2012079598A1 (en) | 2010-12-14 | 2012-06-21 | Umicore Ag & Co. Kg | Architectural diesel oxidation catalyst for enhanced no2 generator |
GB201021887D0 (en) | 2010-12-21 | 2011-02-02 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Oxidation catalyst for a lean burn internal combustion engine |
JP5937067B2 (ja) | 2011-04-28 | 2016-06-22 | エヌ・イーケムキャット株式会社 | 排気ガス浄化装置 |
DE102011101079B4 (de) | 2011-05-10 | 2020-08-20 | Umicore Ag & Co. Kg | Verfahren zur Regeneration von NOx-Speicherkatalysatoren von Dieselmotoren mit Niederdruck-AGR |
GB2492175B (en) * | 2011-06-21 | 2018-06-27 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Exhaust system for internal combustion engine comprising catalysed filter substrate |
DE102011107692B3 (de) | 2011-07-13 | 2013-01-03 | Umicore Ag & Co. Kg | Verfahren zur Reaktivierung von Abgasreinigungsanlagen von Dieselmotoren mit Niederdruck-AGR |
HUE056106T2 (hu) | 2011-11-22 | 2022-01-28 | Deutz Ag | Berendezés és eljárás dízelmotor-kipufogógázok tisztítására |
GB2497597A (en) | 2011-12-12 | 2013-06-19 | Johnson Matthey Plc | A Catalysed Substrate Monolith with Two Wash-Coats |
GB201121468D0 (en) | 2011-12-14 | 2012-01-25 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Improvements in automotive catalytic aftertreatment |
EP2623183B1 (de) | 2012-02-03 | 2015-08-26 | Umicore AG & Co. KG | Katalytisch aktives partikelfilter und dessen verwendung |
EP2653681B2 (de) | 2012-04-20 | 2019-12-04 | Umicore AG & Co. KG | Verwendung eines Beschichteten Dieselpartikelfilters zum Verhindern der Kontamination eines SCR-Katalysators |
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JP2013532049A (ja) * | 2010-05-05 | 2013-08-15 | ビー・エイ・エス・エフ、コーポレーション | 触媒化煤煙フィルターおよび排出処理システムおよび方法 |
JP2013169501A (ja) * | 2012-02-20 | 2013-09-02 | Mitsubishi Motors Corp | 排気浄化装置 |
JP2017020510A (ja) * | 2012-02-22 | 2017-01-26 | ワトロー エレクトリック マニュファクチャリング カンパニー | ディーゼルエンジンの効率的な排出制御のための電気加熱アシスト受動再生および能動再生 |
US10036292B2 (en) | 2012-02-22 | 2018-07-31 | Watlow Electric Manufacturing Company | Electric heating assisted passive and active regeneration for efficient emission controls of diesel engines |
JP2016517342A (ja) * | 2013-03-12 | 2016-06-16 | ビーエーエスエフ コーポレーション | No酸化用触媒材料 |
JP2020196010A (ja) * | 2013-03-12 | 2020-12-10 | ビーエーエスエフ コーポレーション | No酸化用触媒材料 |
JP7114219B2 (ja) | 2013-03-12 | 2022-08-08 | ビーエーエスエフ コーポレーション | No酸化用触媒材料 |
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US8057768B2 (en) | 2011-11-15 |
JP4773501B2 (ja) | 2011-09-14 |
EP2123345B1 (de) | 2010-08-04 |
DE502008001082D1 (de) | 2010-09-16 |
CN102015074A (zh) | 2011-04-13 |
KR20100008746A (ko) | 2010-01-26 |
US20100221161A1 (en) | 2010-09-02 |
BRPI0822719A2 (pt) | 2015-07-07 |
EP2123345A1 (de) | 2009-11-25 |
CN102015074B (zh) | 2013-04-17 |
RU2479341C2 (ru) | 2013-04-20 |
KR100993742B1 (ko) | 2010-11-12 |
RU2010152011A (ru) | 2012-06-27 |
ATE476246T1 (de) | 2010-08-15 |
BRPI0822719B1 (pt) | 2018-08-28 |
WO2009140989A1 (de) | 2009-11-26 |
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