JP2009270123A - Decomposition method of waste plastics and organic matter, decomposition device, and decomposition system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a decomposing device and system capable of extending the lifetime of a catalyst and efficiently decomposing a large amount of waste plastics and organic matter. <P>SOLUTION: The decomposing device and system which can circulate the catalyst is established. The method of efficiently decomposing waste plastics, organic matter, and particularly medical waste mainly composed of varieties of plastics is also established. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

The present invention relates to a method for decomposing waste plastics, organic substances, in particular, various types of plastics, medical wastes composed of organic substances, and infectious medical wastes. The present invention relates to a high-efficiency waste plastic / organic decomposition method by optimization.
Furthermore, the present invention relates to a catalytic circulation type decomposition apparatus and a high efficiency decomposition system for decomposing waste plastic / organic matter. In addition, the decomposing apparatus also includes means for separating and collecting metal / inorganic substances mixed in the waste plastic or vapor deposited or stuck on at least a part thereof.
In addition, this application claims the priority from Japanese Patent Application Nos. 2006-297194, 2006-115920, 2006-115925 and 2007-016087, which are incorporated herein by reference.

In recent years, various methods for treating or reusing waste plastic have been proposed, and some have been put into practical use. As one effective method for recycling and recycling such waste plastic, the waste plastic piece is heated in the presence of a decomposition catalyst made of titanium oxide known as a photocatalyst while being irradiated with ultraviolet rays, A method and an apparatus for gasifying waste plastic have been proposed (see Patent Documents 1 and 2).
Various studies have also been made on catalysts used for the decomposition treatment of waste plastic pieces (Patent Documents 3 to 5).

  However, in the decomposition apparatus using the above-described waste plastic decomposition method, efficient waste plastic decomposition processing cannot be performed, and high processing costs and large-scale apparatuses are required. Furthermore, it is known that hydrogen chloride gas is generated when processing waste containing polyvinyl chloride, and toxic hydrogen fluoride is generated when processing Teflon (registered trademark). Is known, and the treatment of these gases has been a problem.

Organic materials such as plastics are difficult to dispose of at the time of disposal, and there is a risk that incineration will generate harmful substances such as dioxins.
In addition, a plastic piece may contain a metal such as aluminum or copper or an inorganic substance depending on the application, or a metal may be deposited or stuck on the surface. If such plastic pieces are incinerated, toxic gases may be generated or the incinerator may be damaged.
Thus, organic matter such as plastic pieces may be landfilled, but plastic does not decompose in the ground as it is. The actual situation is that the landfill is short. In addition, there are biodegradable plastics, but biodegradable plastics have a disadvantage that it takes a long time to be decomposed, and that the land necessary for decomposition is enormous. In addition, usable metals, rare metals, and inorganic substances mixed in waste plastic / organic matter cannot be separated from waste plastic / organic matter, and are buried or incinerated.

Conventionally, decomposition of organic matter using such a catalyst is performed by crushing organic matter such as plastic into particles by a crushing device 101 as shown in FIG. 23, and this organic matter is preliminarily stored in a drum-shaped reaction in which particulate catalyst is accumulated. The tank 102 is charged. Subsequently, the stirring blade 103 is rotated inside the reaction tank 102 to stir the catalyst and the organic matter, and hot air is supplied to the inside of the reaction tank 102 by the blower 104. Thereby, decomposition | disassembly of organic substance is accelerated | stimulated by the effect | action of a catalyst, and it leads to vaporization of organic substance.
Further, although the catalyst remains in the reaction vessel, the vaporized organic matter passes through the separation device 106 mainly composed of a cyclone dust collector, and only water vapor and carbon dioxide are released as exhaust gas to the atmosphere. Thus, if the organic substance thrown into the reaction tank 102 vaporizes, since the new organic substance can be thrown into the reaction tank 102 by that amount, said process can be performed continuously without interruption.

However, the conventional decomposition apparatus cannot perform an efficient waste plastic decomposition process, and requires high processing costs and a large-scale apparatus.
Furthermore, it is known that hydrogen chloride gas and nitrogen compounds are generated when processing waste containing polyvinyl chloride, and toxic hydrogen fluoride is generated when processing Teflon (registered trademark). It is known to occur and the treatment of those gases has been a problem.

On the other hand, the guidelines of the Ministry of Health and Welfare, which stipulates such waste disposal methods, were announced on November 7, 1999, in order to prevent secondary infection caused by infectious medical waste discharged from hospitals, dialysis facilities, etc. It has been in effect since April 1, 1990. As a result, hospitals, dialysis facilities, and the like are obligated to sterilize medical waste in hospitals or facilities in principle.
As described above, in a facility in a hospital or clinic, a decomposition method, a decomposition apparatus, and a decomposition system that do not require a large-scale device and can safely treat infectious medical waste containing waste plastic, particularly polyvinyl chloride. Development is desired.

JP 2002-363337 A JP 2004-182837 A Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2005-066433 JP-A-2005-205312 JP 2005-307007 A

  The present invention provides a highly efficient waste plastic, organic matter, in particular, medical waste composed of various types of plastics, biological material such as blood, or a method for decomposing plastic to which the origin matter is attached in order to meet the above requirements. The task is to do. Furthermore, HCl generated when decomposing chlorinated plastics such as polyvinyl chloride, fluoridation generated when decomposing fluorine compounds such as sulfur compounds, nitrogen compounds, and Teflon (registered trademark) generated when decomposing bio-derived and various medical waste plastics A decomposition method capable of removing hydrogen and the like is also an object.

On the other hand, most of industrial waste such as medical waste is occupied by plastic, organic matter, etc., but also includes an aluminum thin film deposited on the inner surface of the packaging bag or an injection needle. These metals remain in the reaction tank even when all of the organic substances are vaporized. Further, when the metal is aluminum or the like, if the decomposition process is continued while leaving the aluminum or the like in the reaction tank, the aluminum or the like is violently oxidized, making it difficult to recycle it.
Further, if the above steps are interrupted in order to sequentially extract metals from the reaction tank, the mass or volume of organic matter that can be decomposed per predetermined time (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “treatment amount”) decreases. That is, when the metal is separated and collected outside the reaction tank, the temperature of the catalyst, which is the activation temperature, is reduced every time the catalyst is taken out, and it is necessary to heat again, so that heat energy is wasted.
In the conventional decomposition apparatus, the powdered and further dispersed catalyst is discarded without being returned to the reaction vessel. This is because if the catalyst is a particle having a size of about 1 to 3 mm, the catalyst flows throughout the reaction tank as the stirring blades rotate, but the powdered catalyst is difficult to flow and is discarded. This is because it becomes difficult to mix with plastic and organic matter. This problem becomes more prominent as the amount of catalyst accumulated in the reaction tank increases, and therefore prevents the reaction tank from increasing in size and further increases the amount of treatment.
On the other hand, in order to recover metal without oxidation from waste plastics and organic matter containing metals such as aluminum and copper, such as aluminum foil composites, dry distillation treatment is used. However, when a vacuum melting furnace is used, metal recovery is performed. The cost of In addition, when the plastic piece is dissolved, the metal is oxidized, so that high-purity metal cannot be recovered.
Furthermore, HCl generated when decomposing chlorinated plastics such as polyvinyl chloride, fluoridation generated when decomposing fluorine compounds such as sulfur compounds, nitrogen compounds, and Teflon (registered trademark) generated when decomposing bio-derived and various medical waste plastics Treatment of hydrogen and the like has hindered practical use of the cracking apparatus.
Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a decomposition apparatus and a decomposition system capable of extending the life of the catalyst and efficiently decomposing a large amount of waste plastic / organic matter. There is to do.
Furthermore, an object of the present invention is to provide a decomposition apparatus and a decomposition system that can separate and recover metals and / or inorganic substances in a process in which a catalyst is circulated and / or stirred.
Furthermore, HCl generated when decomposing chlorinated plastics such as polyvinyl chloride, fluoridation generated when decomposing fluorine compounds such as sulfur compounds, nitrogen compounds, and Teflon (registered trademark) generated when decomposing bio-derived and various medical waste plastics An object of the present invention is to provide a decomposition apparatus and a decomposition system capable of removing hydrogen and the like.

As a result of intensive research to solve the above problems, the present inventors have optimized the respective conditions in the decomposition process, and further introduced a process for adsorbing and removing the generated harmful gas, thereby eliminating high efficiency. Established a method for decomposing medical waste consisting of plastics, organic substances, especially plastics.
Furthermore, the present inventors have established a waste plastic / organic matter decomposition apparatus and decomposition system that enable catalyst circulation.
Thus, the present invention has been completed.

That is, this invention consists of the following.
“1. A waste plastic / organic material gasifying the plastic and / or organic matter, comprising a step of stirring the heated plastic and / or organic matter together with a catalyst comprising a titanium oxide granule whose active ingredient is titanium oxide. In the decomposition method, the heating temperature of the catalyst is in the range of 420 to 560 degrees.
2. 2. The decomposition method according to item 1 above, wherein the titanium oxide in the titanium oxide granules has the following characteristics.
(1) The specific surface area is 35 m ² / g or more to 50 m ² / g or less,
(2) Granules are 3.5 mesh (5.60 mm) or less.
3. 3. The decomposition method according to 1 or 2 above, wherein the amount of waste plastic and / or organic matter treated per hour for 100 kg of titanium oxide granules is in the range of 3.0 kg to 40.0 kg.
4). Furthermore, the decomposition | disassembly method of any one of the preceding clauses 1-3 including a lime neutralization process process.
5. Furthermore, the decomposition | disassembly method of any one of the preceding clauses 1-4 including an oxidation catalyst processing process.
6). 6. The decomposition method according to 5 above, further comprising an alumina catalyst treatment step before the oxidation catalyst treatment step.
7). Furthermore, the decomposition | disassembly method of any one of the preceding clauses 1-6 including a metal and / or inorganic substance isolation | separation / collection | recovery process.
8). Catalyst recycling type waste plastic / organic matter decomposition equipment including the following treatment means:
(1) Waste plastic / organic matter treatment means (2) Oxidation catalyst treatment means.
9. 9. The decomposition apparatus according to item 8 above, wherein the waste plastic / organic matter treatment means has the following configuration:
A reaction vessel for circulating the catalyst in the reaction vessel;
A means (circulation and / or stirring means) for circulating and / or stirring waste plastic and / or organic matter introduced from the charging port of the reaction tank together with the catalyst,
An apparatus for treating waste plastic / organic matter, wherein the waste plastic and / or organic matter is vaporized in a step of circulating the waste plastic and / or organic matter together with the catalyst in the reaction vessel.
10. The above-mentioned circulation and / or stirring means is one or more screw feeders in which a spiral blade is provided on a rotating shaft rotated by a driving source, and the rotating shaft is inserted into the reaction vessel. 9. Waste plastic / organic matter processing apparatus according to 9.
11. The two screw feeders are installed in a substantially horizontal posture in the reaction tank, and the waste plastic and / or organic matter together with the catalyst is moved substantially horizontally in the reaction tank by the rotation of the two screw feeders. The waste plastic / organic matter treatment apparatus as described in 10 above, which is circulated.
12 10. The decomposition apparatus according to item 9 above, wherein the waste plastic / organic matter treatment means has the following configuration:
A reaction vessel for circulating the catalyst from the upstream end to the downstream end in the reaction vessel;
A circulation means for circulating waste plastic and / or organic matter charged from the inlet of the reaction tank together with the catalyst from the upstream end toward the downstream end;
Stirring means for stirring the catalyst and waste plastic and / or organic matter in the reaction vessel;
A return path for guiding the catalyst from the downstream end to the upstream end of the reaction tank in the reaction tank, and
An apparatus for treating waste plastic / organic matter, wherein the waste plastic and / or organic matter is vaporized in a step of circulating the waste plastic and / or organic matter together with the catalyst from the upstream end to the downstream end of the reaction vessel.
13. The reaction tank is divided into a first stage tank having the upstream end and a second stage tank having the downstream end and disposed higher than the first stage tank, and the catalyst is the second stage tank. 13. The disassembling apparatus according to item 12, wherein the disassembling apparatus is guided from the downstream end of the tank to the return path and flows down to the upstream end of the first stage tank.
14 The upstream end and the downstream end in the reaction tank are installed in a substantially horizontal posture, and after the catalyst slides down from the downstream end with its own weight, it is guided to the return path and flows up to the upstream end. 13. The disassembling apparatus according to item 12 above.
15. 15. The screw feeder according to any one of items 12 to 14 above, wherein the circulating means is a screw feeder in which a spiral blade is provided on a rotating shaft that is rotated by a driving source, and the rotating shaft is inserted into the reaction vessel. Disassembly equipment.
16. 16. The disassembling apparatus according to item 15 above, wherein an auxiliary blade is installed on the spiral blade.
17. 10. The decomposition apparatus according to item 9 above, wherein the waste plastic / organic matter treatment means has the following configuration:
A reaction vessel for circulating the catalyst from the upstream end to the downstream end in the reaction vessel;
A basket capable of placing waste plastic and / or organic matter in the reaction vessel;
A return path for guiding the catalyst from the downstream end to the upstream end of the reaction tank in the reaction tank, and
In the step in which the catalyst falls (circulates) from the upstream end to the downstream end of the reaction vessel, the waste plastic and / or organic matter in the basket comes into contact with the catalyst and further vaporizes. Organic matter processing equipment.
18. 18. The decomposition apparatus as described in any one of 9 to 17 above, wherein in the reaction tank, the carrier gas can be uniformly distributed and supplied directly into the catalyst from a plurality of holes at the bottom of the reaction tank.
19. 19. The decomposition apparatus according to any one of the preceding items 9 to 18, further comprising a metal and / or inorganic substance separation / recovery means in the circulation step of the reaction tank.
20. 20. The metal and / or inorganic substance separation / recovery means is means for separating the catalyst from waste plastic and / or organic matter and a mixture of the catalyst during the circulation step in the reaction tank. Disassembly equipment.
21. 21. The decomposition apparatus according to item 20 above, wherein the means for separating the catalyst from the waste plastic and / or organic substance and the mixture of the catalyst is means for separating the metal and / or the inorganic substance and the catalyst according to the size of the catalyst. .
22. 22. The decomposition apparatus according to item 21 above, wherein the means for separating the metal and / or the inorganic substance and the catalyst according to the size of the catalyst installs a sieve capable of passing the catalyst during the circulation step of the reaction tank.
23. Furthermore, it has any one or more of the following means, The decomposition | disassembly apparatus of any one of preceding clauses 8-22 characterized by the above-mentioned.
(1) Alumina catalyst treatment means (2) Crushing means (3) Carrier gas supply means (4) Cyclone dust collection means (5) Dust collection means with bag filter (6) Heat exchange means (7) Preheater means (8) Exhaust blower means (9) Cooling means (10) Heat recovery means (11) HCI continuous measurement means (12) CO continuous measurement means (13) Alarm means (14) Lime neutralization treatment means 24. Using the decomposition apparatus according to any one of 8 to 23 above, the heating temperature of the catalyst composed of titanium oxide granules whose active ingredient is titanium oxide is set in the range of 420 to 560 degrees, and the waste plastic and organic matter Waste plastic / organic decomposition system characterized by the decomposition of
25. 25. The decomposition system according to item 24, wherein the titanium oxide in the titanium oxide granules has the following characteristics.
(1) a specific surface area of 35m ² / g or more 50 m ² / g or less,
(2) Granules are 3.5 mesh (5.60 mm) or less 26. 26. The decomposition system according to item 25, wherein the titanium oxide granules are a mixture selected from titanium oxide as an active ingredient and at least one of the following.
(1) Aluminum oxide (2) Silicon oxide "

  According to the decomposition method of the present invention, it is possible to treat waste plastics, organic substances, in particular, medical wastes composed of various plastics, biological materials such as blood, or plastics to which the derived substances are attached with high efficiency. . Furthermore, it is possible to easily treat plastics that generate HCI, hydrogen fluoride, sulfur compounds, nitrogen compounds and the like, biological substances such as organic substances or blood, and fluorine compounds that generate hydrogen fluoride during the decomposition process.

According to the decomposition apparatus and the decomposition system of the present invention, the catalyst can be heated to the activation temperature by supplying the air heated by the heating means into the reaction tank in which the catalyst is circulated. Once heated, the decomposition reaction heat of waste plastics / organic matter can be used to maintain the optimum activity temperature of the catalyst in the reaction tank, so that the energy supply from the outside can be suppressed and the heat energy can be used effectively.
When the waste plastic / organic matter is introduced from the inlet of the reaction tank, the waste plastic / organic matter is circulated in the reaction tank together with the catalyst by a circulation means. In this process, the waste plastic / organic matter and the catalyst are agitated by the agitation means, so that the contact between the catalyst and the waste plastic / organic matter is repeated, and the density of the catalyst and the waste plastic / organic matter is kept uniform. Based on this, efficient decomposition is promoted. As a result, the waste plastic / organic matter introduced from the inlet of the reaction tank is vaporized until about one round (one circulation) of the reaction tank.
Alternatively, a basket containing waste plastic / organic matter is placed in the reaction vessel. Then, in the step (circulation step) in which the catalyst falls from the upstream end to the downstream end of the reaction tank, the waste plastic and / or organic matter comes into contact with the catalyst and is vaporized. In this case, the stirring means of the waste plastic / organic matter and the catalyst as described above is not required.
The catalyst is constantly circulating in the reaction vessel. In the embodiment of Example 9 below, the catalyst is circulated horizontally in the reaction vessel. Alternatively, in the embodiments of Examples 10 to 12 below, when the catalyst reaches the downstream end from the upstream end of the reaction tank, it is circulated in the reaction tank by being guided by the return path and returning to the upstream end of the reaction tank. . Therefore, the catalyst always circulates inside the reaction tank, and when new waste plastics / organic matter is put into the reaction tank, it is efficiently vaporized based on the action of the catalyst circulating inside the reaction tank. .
Moreover, in the aspect of Examples 9-11, the organic substance which occupies most waste plastic and organic substance vaporizes in the process which circulates a waste plastic and organic substance with a catalyst in a reaction tank by a circulation means. However, metals and inorganic substances mixed in waste plastics and organic substances remain in the catalyst. This metal / inorganic matter is separated and recovered by the metal and / or inorganic matter separating / recovering means in the process of further circulation with the catalyst, so that the metal / inorganic matter can be taken out from the catalyst.
Therefore, according to the decomposition apparatus and separation system, a large amount of metal / inorganic matter does not remain in the reaction tank, and oxidation of the metal / inorganic matter can be suppressed and recycling thereof can be realized. In addition, when the metal and / or inorganic substance separating / recovering means separates and recovers the metal, it is not necessary to stop the circulation means and the stirring means, so that the processing amount of the waste plastic / organic matter can be kept high. In addition, when the separation / recovery means sorts out the metal / inorganic substance, it is not necessary to open the reaction tank, or it is not necessary to take out the catalyst outside the decomposition apparatus and separate the metal / inorganic substance. Therefore, the thermal efficiency of the decomposition apparatus and decomposition system can be kept high.
Furthermore, according to the decomposition apparatus or the decomposition system of the present invention, since the oxidation catalyst treatment means, more preferably the lime neutralization treatment means, is provided, the medical device is made of waste plastic, organic matter, particularly various plastics with high efficiency. Industrial waste such as waste, biologically derived material such as blood, or plastic to which the derived material is attached can be processed. Furthermore, it is possible to easily treat plastics that generate HCI, hydrogen fluoride, sulfur compounds, nitrogen compounds and the like, biological substances such as organic substances or blood, and fluorine compounds that generate hydrogen fluoride during the decomposition process.

Figure showing an apparatus for measuring the wear rate of titanium oxide Comparison of chlorine fixation performance Effect of water content in lime Examination of heating temperature in lime neutralization process Schematic diagram of alumina catalyst tank Flow of waste plastic decomposition method of the present invention Result of decomposition of waste plastic at each heating temperature Detection of dioxins generated in the process of the decomposition method of the present invention Result of measuring gas generated by decomposition of each waste plastic Test results of bacteria attached to titanium oxide granules after decomposition treatment Compression mold upper pressing part Compression mold lower pressing part Intensity distribution (no edge processing) Intensity distribution (with edge processing) Schematic which shows the principal part of the organic substance processing means which concerns on Example 9 of this invention. Schematic which shows each aspect of the organic substance processing means which concerns on Example 9 of this invention. Schematic which shows the principal part of the organic substance processing means which concerns on Example 10 of this invention. Sectional drawing of the organic substance processing means which concerns on Example 10 of this invention. Schematic which shows the principal part of the organic substance processing means which concerns on Example 11 of this invention. Schematic which shows the principal part of the organic substance processing means which concerns on Example 12 of this invention. (A), (b) is a perspective view which shows the modification of the conveyance means applied to the organic substance processing means which concerns on embodiment of this invention, and a stirring means, respectively. The block diagram which shows the structure of the decomposition | disassembly apparatus of the waste plastics and organic substance which concerns on the Example of this invention. The block diagram which shows the structure of the conventional apparatus for decomposing | disassembling organic substance.

The “heating temperature of the catalyst” of the present invention must be at least 300 ° C. and 600 ° C., preferably 350 ° C. or more, particularly preferably 420 ° C. to 560 ° C., and more preferably 450 ° C. Degrees to 530 degrees, most preferably about 480 degrees. The heating temperature is the catalyst temperature in the reaction vessel for reacting the catalyst with waste plastic and / or organic matter, and indicates the set temperature for maintaining the set temperature of the catalyst. That is, even if the set temperature is set to 480 degrees, the fluctuation range of the catalyst temperature in the reaction tank becomes about plus or minus about 30 degrees from the set temperature.
Furthermore, depending on the shape and size of the reaction tank, it may be higher or lower than a particularly preferable “heating temperature of the catalyst” in the present invention at a certain position in the reaction tank. However, since the catalyst circulates in the reaction tank, it is only necessary that most of the catalyst is maintained at a particularly preferable catalyst heating temperature.
In the following examples, various heating temperatures of the catalyst were examined. Thereby, the optimal heating temperature in waste plastic decomposition | disassembly was set.

The catalyst of the present invention is preferably a catalyst comprising granules of titanium oxide whose active ingredient is titanium oxide. The catalyst comprising titanium oxide granules is not only a titanium oxide granule comprising only titanium oxide as an active ingredient, but also a mixture of at least one selected from aluminum oxide and silicon oxide and titanium oxide (hereinafter referred to as oxidation). (Sometimes referred to as a titanium mixture). As already known, since titanium oxide also has a function as a photocatalyst, when decomposing waste plastic / organic matter using any of the above-mentioned catalysts, light irradiation, particularly ultraviolet rays, is required. Under irradiation, the catalyst and waste plastic / organic matter may be heated and stirred. However, when trying to decompose various kinds of waste plastics and organic substances, or their solids and liquids, or various states containing metals and inorganic substances, the practical effect is poor under ultraviolet irradiation. .
However, the method and / or system for decomposing waste plastic / organic matter of the present invention requires light irradiation by using a suitable decomposing apparatus, optimizing decomposing conditions, and using a suitable catalyst. It is possible to decompose waste plastics and organic substances with high efficiency without any problems.

  In addition, the titanium oxide granule is produced by drying a titanium oxide sol to form a titanium oxide gel, firing the titanium oxide gel at a temperature in the range of 450 to 850 ° C., crushing the fired product, and performing an edge treatment. Is obtained. Furthermore, the granule of the titanium oxide mixture is prepared by mixing at least one sol selected from alumina sol and silica sol with a titanium oxide sol, and drying it to form a gel, which is heated at a temperature in the range of 450 to 850 degrees. It is obtained by firing, crushing the fired product, and subjecting it to an edge treatment. The titanium oxide used is preferably anatase type titanium oxide.

The shape of the titanium oxide granules used in the waste plastic decomposition method or decomposition system of the present invention may be 3.5 mesh (5.60 mm) or less, preferably 10 mesh (1.70 mm) or less.
More preferably, the shape of the titanium oxide granules before use is 5.60 mm to 110 μm, 3.50 mm to 150 μm.
More specifically, the shape of the titanium oxide granules is 0.1 mm or more, more preferably, the proportion of particles having a particle size of 0.1 mm to 5.60 mm is 90% or more (see: FIGS. 13 and 14). .
The preferred shape of the titanium oxide granules or titanium oxide mixture granules in the conventional waste plastic decomposition method or decomposition system is such that the ratio of particles having a particle diameter of 0.5 to 1.18 mm is 50 to 50. The particle size distribution is in the range of 95% by weight, the proportion of particles having a particle size of 1.18 to 1.7 mm is in the range of 5 to 50% by weight, and has a wear rate of 2.0% or less More preferably, the proportion of particles having a particle size of 0.5 to 1.18 mm is in the range of 60 to 90% by weight, and the proportion of particles having a particle size of 1.18 to 1.7 mm is 10 to 40. Both had a particle size distribution in the range of weight percent and a wear rate of 1.0% or less.
However, the shape of the titanium oxide granules used in the waste plastic / organic matter decomposition method or decomposition system of the present invention is considered to be appropriate in the above-mentioned conventional method by optimizing each condition and / or decomposition apparatus in the decomposition step. A wide range of products that are not limited to the shape and particle size range of the titanium oxide granules that have been used can now be used. Thereby, the titanium oxide granule of the particle size which was not able to be used conventionally can be used, and it can simplify in the process and manufacturing method in manufacture of a titanium oxide.
However, as a matter of course, the waste plastic / organic matter can be sufficiently decomposed even if the conventional granule is used.

  As described above, the “catalyst comprising a titanium oxide granule” of the present invention comprises a granule of only titanium oxide or a granule of a titanium oxide mixture, and is 3.5 mesh (5.60 mm) or less, preferably 10 mesh (1.70 mm). ) In addition to having the following shape, as a result of edge treatment, it has a wear rate of 2.0% or less, more preferably 1.0% or less. Therefore, according to the present invention, waste plastics and organic substances can be decomposed with high efficiency over a long period of time by using the catalyst as described above.

  The method for obtaining the granule having the shape described above is not particularly limited. For example, as described above, the gel is fired, the fired product obtained is crushed and subjected to edge treatment, and then classified (using a sieve having each mesh size) to obtain a granule having the above shape. Alternatively, after the edge treatment, classification may be performed, and the obtained classified product may be appropriately mixed to obtain a granule having the above shape.

  Among the titanium oxides produced by various production methods, as described above, the titanium oxide sol is dried to form a titanium oxide gel, and the titanium oxide obtained by firing the titanium oxide gel at a temperature in the range of 450 to 850 ° C. is discarded. Although it has excellent performance as a catalyst for cracking plastics, if it is crushed, it will be easily worn out, resulting in fine powder, and more parts will be lost.

  Therefore, according to the present invention, the crushed product of such a titanium oxide gel is subjected to an edge treatment, so to speak, the wear rate is remarkably reduced by cutting off corners in advance, and thus the waste plastic / organic matter is highly efficient. Not only can it decompose, but also maintain its desired shape and maintain its high catalytic efficiency over a long period of time. The same applies to a catalyst made of granules of a titanium oxide mixture. Such edge treatment is well known as one of granulating devices, for example, by crushing a gel of titanium oxide or a mixed gel of at least one gel selected from alumina and silica and a gel of titanium oxide. It can carry out by processing with the rolling granulation apparatus currently used. However, it is not limited to a rolling granulator.

The wear rate of the titanium oxide granules of the present invention is measured by the following method.
It measures with the abrasion rate measuring apparatus shown in FIG. That is, this wear rate measuring apparatus is configured by attaching a stirrer 202 to a sample container 201 having an inner diameter of 63 mm and a depth of 86 mm, and the stirrer 202 has an elliptical stirring blade 204 having a length of 20 mm at the lower end portion of the shaft body 203. Are attached so as to extend in the diameter direction from the shaft body at intervals of 60 °, and the stirring blades are inclined so as to have an angle of 45 ° with respect to the horizontal. The lowermost edge of the stirring blade is located at a distance of 8 mm from the bottom of the sample container.

When measuring the wear rate of titanium oxide granules, weigh 150 mL of titanium oxide granules with a 200 mL graduated cylinder, record the weight, put the whole amount into the sample container, and use the above stirrer at 300 rpm for 30 minutes. After stirring, the sample is taken out from the sample container, and the whole amount is transferred to a sieve having an opening of 0.5 mm, and the weight of the sample that has passed through this sieve is measured. Here, the wear rate A of the sample is A = (W / W ₀ ) × where W is the weight of the sample that has passed through the sieve having an aperture of 0.5 mm, and W ₀ is the weight of the sample subjected to the measurement. 100 (%).

In addition, the “catalyst comprising a titanium oxide granule” of the present invention has a specific surface area of titanium oxide as an active component of 30 m ² / g or more, preferably 33 m ² / g or more to 65 m ² / g or less, more preferably not more than 35m ² / g or more ~50 m ² / g. Furthermore, the specific surface area of the catalyst composed of titanium oxide granules before use is 35 m ² / g to 50 m ² / g. This means that the larger the specific surface area, the larger the contact surface with the waste plastic, and the decomposition efficiency can be increased. However, if the specific surface area is too large, the heat resistance becomes weak, and the granule tends to collapse and become powdered easily.
As a method for measuring the specific surface area of the catalyst composed of titanium oxide granules, a method known per se can be used, but in the present invention, measurement is performed using the BET method. Details are as follows.

The BET method is a method in which a specific surface area of a sample is obtained from the amount of molecules adsorbed on the surface of powder particles adsorbed at the temperature of liquid nitrogen.
In the present invention, the 2300 type automatic measuring device (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation) was used as the specific surface area measuring device.

The “catalyst comprising titanium oxide granules” of the present invention has a pore volume of titanium oxide as an active component of 0.05 cc / g to 0.70 cc / g, preferably 0.10 cc / g to 0.50 cc / g. is there.
As a method for measuring the pore volume of the catalyst composed of titanium oxide granules, a method known per se can be used. In the present invention, the pore volume is measured using a mercury intrusion method. Details are as follows.

The mercury intrusion method is a method for obtaining the pore volume from the pressure and the amount of injected mercury by applying a pressure to make mercury enter the fine pores of the powder by utilizing the high surface tension of mercury.
In the present invention, a porosimeter manufactured by Thermo Finnigan (mercury intrusion type maximum pressure: 200 MPa) was used.

Further, the strength of the “catalyst composed of titanium oxide granules” of the present invention shows a distribution as shown in FIG. 13 and FIG. That is, in the intensity distribution of 50KN or 70KN, 1.4 mm or more is 20% to 30%, 1.0 to 1.4 mm is 10.0% to 15.0%, 0.6 to 1.0 mm is 15% to 20%, 0.3 to 0.6 mm is 18% to 25%, and 0.125 to 0.3 mm is 10% to 18%.
In addition, the measuring method of intensity | strength is as follows.
(1) 350 g of titanium oxide granules are put into a mold for compression test (manufactured by Sakai Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., FIGS. 11 and 12). Stir well before charging.
(2) A compression test mold is set in the center of a 300KN compression tester (manufactured by Marui).
(3) Apply load gradually and release the pressure when the specified pressure (50KN, 70KN) is reached.
(4) Remove the compression test mold from the testing machine.
(5) The granule of the compression test mold is transferred to a bag and mixed uniformly.
(6) Weigh accurately 25 g of uniformly mixed granules and sieve.
(7) The weight of the granules remaining on the mesh is measured, and the distribution is calculated.

Further, according to the present invention, when the amount of waste plastic and / or organic matter is small relative to the amount of titanium oxide granules, the waste plastic and organic matter are immediately decomposed, and the decomposition of the titanium oxide by utilizing the heat of decomposition reaction. The amount of heat for maintaining a suitable temperature is insufficient, and heating from the outside is required, resulting in poor decomposition energy efficiency. However, when the amount of waste plastic and / or organic matter increases with respect to the amount of titanium oxide granules, the processed product exceeding the catalytic decomposition ability of titanium oxide granules becomes undecomposed gas, and further, titanium oxide The organic matter covers the surface and the activity is lost, so that it cannot be decomposed.
Therefore, by optimizing the amount of waste plastic and / or organic matter to be treated with the titanium oxide granules, the heat of decomposition reaction can be utilized to maintain the preferable decomposition temperature of titanium oxide, and the external energy can be minimized. And the heat of reaction exceeding the decomposition suitable temperature can be recovered and reused by controlling the cooling of the reaction tank. For example, heat recovery with steam and hot water is possible. Therefore, the recovered heat can be used for hot water supply in a factory facility or snow melting. However, it is not limited to these uses.

Further, the amount of waste plastic treated per hour per 100 kg of titanium oxide granules of the present invention is 3.0 to 40.0 kg, preferably 6.0 to 35.0 kg.
The optimum throughput is obtained from the results of Example 4 below.

  A decomposition apparatus and a decomposition system according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition to the drive source, blower, or screw feeder described below, illustration or description of obvious techniques may be omitted. Further, the shape of the disassembling apparatus, the arrangement of each element, and the scale are illustrated with priority given to the convenience of explanation, and are not actual.

  As shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, the waste plastic / organic matter treatment means 1 (Example 9) of the present invention includes a reaction tank 3 that circulates a catalyst 2 inside, and a waste plastic / organic substance 4 that is put into the reaction tank 3. Is provided with at least a circulation means 5 that circulates the catalyst 2 together with the catalyst 2, a stirring means 6 that stirs the catalyst 2 and the waste plastic / organic matter 4, and a charging port 7. Further, a blower blower 19 as carrier gas (air) supply means, a heating means 9 for supplying heat necessary for the decomposition reaction, a blower chamber 10, a partition wall 11 for smoothly performing catalyst circulation, and a flow of the catalyst are changed. The paddle 12 and the exhaust port 39 are also preferably provided. Furthermore, a metal / inorganic take-out port 18 which is means for directly collecting a large lump of metal / inorganic from the reaction vessel is provided.

As shown in FIG. 16 (1), the circulation means 5 is two screw feeders in which a spiral blade is provided on a rotating shaft that is rotated by a drive source, and the rotating shaft is inserted into a reaction tank. The feeder is preferably installed in a substantially horizontal posture in the reaction vessel. In addition, although the arrow in FIG. 16 (1) has shown the clockwise catalyst circulation direction, naturally it can also be set as the counterclockwise catalyst circulation direction by changing the rotation direction of the two screw feeders. it can. The rotating shaft 14 is rotated by a driving source M such as a motor.
In FIG. 16 (1), two paddles 12 for changing the flow of the catalyst are installed on the diagonal line of the reaction tank, but the paddle is not particularly limited as long as it can change the flow of the catalyst.
Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 16 (2), if four screw feeders are installed in a substantially horizontal posture in the reaction tank, the catalyst can be circulated.
In addition, as shown in FIG. 16 (3), if the reaction vessel is formed in an elliptical shape, catalyst circulation can be achieved with only two screw feeders.
In addition, as shown in FIG. 16 (5), if the three screw feeders are installed in a substantially horizontal posture in the reaction vessel, the catalyst can be circulated, and waste that has not been crushed Plastic / organic matter (solid waste plastic / organic matter) can be introduced from the solid waste plastic / organic matter inlet 24 and decomposed by the solid waste plastic / organic matter decomposition unit 25 in the reaction tank 3.
When the circulation means 5 is a screw feeder, the spiral blade 21 (refer to FIG. 21) also agitates the catalyst 2 and the waste plastic / organic matter 4 simultaneously with the circulation process, so that it also serves as the agitation means 6. That is, the screw feeder provides both the circulation means 5 and the stirring means 6. Furthermore, the spiral blade 21 is preferably provided with an auxiliary blade.

Moreover, the decomposition | disassembly means can be equipped with the metal and / or inorganic substance separation / recovery means 15. As shown in FIG. 16 (1), the separation / recovery means 15 places the metal mesh 16 having a mesh that allows the maximum diameter of the catalyst 2 to pass through any position in the circulation process of the reaction tank 3. But you can fit it. However, it is preferably fitted near the end of the circulation process. And the pocket 17 which can collect | recover the metal and the inorganic substance stopped by the wire mesh is connected with this wire mesh 16. Here, the metal mesh 16 is set at a position higher than the pocket 17 (inclining the pocket from the metal mesh), and the metal / inorganic matter stopped on the metal mesh slides down into the pocket 17 by its own weight, or the wire mesh. The metal / inorganic matter can also be recovered by dropping the metal / inorganic matter retained by the wire mesh into the pocket 17 by vibrating the 16 with a motor or the like. Furthermore, the pocket 17 has a two-stage shutter, and can collect metal and inorganic matter at any time during the decomposition reaction. However, the metal / inorganic matter may be recovered from the pocket 17 when the metal / inorganic matter has accumulated to some extent.
Therefore, in the present invention, when the metal / inorganic substance separating / recovering means 15 separates / recovers the metal / inorganic substance from the pocket 17, it is not necessary to stop the circulation means 5 and / or the stirring means 6;・ High throughput of organic matter can be maintained. Moreover, when the separation / recovery means sorts out the metal / inorganic substance, it is not necessary to open the reaction tank 3, so that the thermal efficiency of the decomposition apparatus and the decomposition system can be kept high. However, naturally, after the reaction tank 3 is opened at one end, the metal and / or the inorganic substance can be separated and recovered.
In addition, when an expensive metal is mixed in the waste plastic / organic matter 4, the metal / inorganic take-out port 18 is used as a method for efficiently recovering the metal. For example, waste plastic / organic matter 4 pre-mixed with expensive metals is put in a state that does not interfere with catalyst circulation (eg, cube, polyhedron) in a wire mesh (catalyst 2 can pass through it). The spherical metal mesh introduced from the port 7 is vaporized in the metal mesh in the process of circulating through the reaction tank, but the metal that is not vaporized remains in the metal mesh. The wire net having the shape is directly collected from the metal / inorganic take-out port 18. Thereby, the metal remaining in the spherical metal mesh can be recovered with high efficiency.
Further, unlike the above case, when the diameter of the metal to be recovered is smaller than the diameter of the catalyst 2, as the metal and / or inorganic substance separating / recovering means 15, in Embodiment 9, the first of the recesses 13 in FIG. It is preferable to install a wire mesh at a low position, which is the lowest position of the return path 20 in Examples 10 and 11 below. If the metal collection container is placed under the wire mesh, the metal separated from the waste plastic / organic matter 4 can be collected automatically.
As described above, the decomposition apparatus of the present invention also provides an excellent metal and / or inorganic material separation / recovery method.

In one aspect of the above-described embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 16 (4), the metal mesh 16 having a mesh that allows the maximum diameter of the catalyst 2 to pass through is seen from the upper right side of the disassembling means 1. (The wire mesh 16 is not shown in FIG. 16 (4)). A recess 13 is formed in the vicinity of the periphery of the wire mesh 16. The recess 13 is connected to the inlet 7. Further, the recess 13 is provided with a circulation means 5 (D) for circulating the waste plastic / organic matter 4 introduced from the introduction port 7 to the left front side when viewed from the upper surface of the decomposition means 1 from the recess 13. The paddle 12 is installed on the left front side and the right back side when viewed from the top surface of the disassembling means 1. Naturally, each arrangement is not limited to the description of FIG.
In the above embodiment, the sieving operation is performed according to the mesh aperture of the wire mesh 16, and the metal / inorganic matter left on the upper portion of the wire mesh 16 is collected in the pocket 17, while the catalyst 2 is placed in the lower portion of the recess by the sieving operation. It is sieved and circulated in the reaction tank 3 together with the newly introduced waste plastic / organic matter 4 by the circulation means 5 (D).

As the driving force of the circulating means 5 (D) in the present invention, a screw feeder, a conveyor, in particular, a packet conveyor, a paddle, a piston, or the like can be used, but is not particularly limited.
Here, the positions of the inlet 7 and the metal and / or inorganic substance separating / recovering means 15 may be in the vicinity of each other, or may be installed on the counter electrode as desired. In one preferred embodiment, they are installed around each other. This is because, in order to decompose the waste plastic / organic matter immediately after being added, the catalyst 2 in which the waste plastic / organic matter being decomposed is not mixed is preferable. In the waste plastic / organic matter decomposition apparatus according to the present invention, the recycled catalyst 2 (the catalyst in which the waste plastic / organic matter not being mixed is not mixed) can be reacted with newly introduced waste plastic / organic matter. It is. Thereby, unlike conventional decomposition apparatuses, waste plastics and organic substances can be decomposed with high efficiency.

In the decomposition means 1 of the present invention, the waste plastic / organic matter 4 is preferably not circulated from the upper part of the reaction tank 3 to the surface of the catalyst 2 but is circulated from the inlet 7 as shown in FIG. The catalyst 2 is preferably introduced into the inside of the catalyst 2. The inventors of the present invention have found that the waste plastic / organic matter 4 has a high-efficiency decomposition effect by directly introducing it into the catalyst 2. However, in the decomposition means 1 of the present invention, the waste plastic / organic matter 4 can be decomposed even if it is introduced into the surface of the catalyst 2 from the inlet 8 at the top of the reaction tank 3.
Furthermore, the disassembling means 1 of the present invention may have two or more input ports in order to enable any of the above input methods. In addition, the inlets 7 and 8 can be used not only for the input of the waste plastic / organic matter 4 but also for the input of the catalyst 2.
In the following Examples 10 and 11, the inlets 7 and 8 are the same as described above.

  As shown in FIG. 17, another waste plastic / organic matter processing means 1 (Example 10) of the present invention includes a reaction tank 3 in which a catalyst 2 is accumulated and a waste plastic / organic matter charged into the reaction tank 3. Circulating means 5 (A), (B), and (C) that circulate 4 together with the catalyst 2, stirring means 6 that stirs the catalyst 2 and waste plastic / organic matter 4, a charging port 7, and a return path 20 are provided. Further, a blower blower 19 as a carrier gas (air) supply means, a blower chamber 10, a heating means 9 for supplying heat necessary for the decomposition reaction, and an exhaust port 39 are also preferably provided.

  As shown in FIG. 17, the inside of the reaction tank 3 is divided into a first stage tank 31 and a second stage tank 32 arranged higher than the first stage tank 31. The first stage tank 31 includes a first gas-permeable bottom material 35 having an upstream end 33 on one side in the longitudinal direction (left side in FIG. 17) and a delivery end 34 on the other side (right side in FIG. 17). It is fixed inside. In the second stage tank 32, a second breathable bottom material 38 having one of its longitudinal directions as a downstream end 36 and the other as an inlet end 37 is fixed inside the reaction tank 3.

  As shown in FIG. 17, the circulation means 5 (A) is a screw feeder in which the rotating shaft 14 having the spiral blades 21 is inserted inside the first stage tank 31 in a horizontal posture along the longitudinal direction thereof. The circulation means 5 (B) has the lower end portion of the rotating shaft 14 having the spiral blade 21 close to the delivery end 34 of the first stage tank 31 and the upper end portion of the rotating shaft 14 is fed into the second stage tank 32. The screw feeder has a standing posture close to the end 37. The circulation means 5 (C) is the same as the circulation means 5 (A) except that it is provided inside the second stage tank 32. Each rotating shaft 14 of the conveying means 5 (A), (B), (C) is rotated by a driving source M such as a motor.

  As shown in FIG. 18, the first and second breathable bottom members 35 and 38 are metal meshes each having an arcuate cross-sectional shape opened upward. The metal mesh is a material that can receive the catalyst 2 and allows gas to pass therethrough. However, the breathable bottom material is not limited to a metal mesh. The first and second breathable bottom members 35 and 38 are blocked by the partition wall 30, but their upper portions are opened to each other and communicate with each other inside the reaction tank 3. Further, a blower chamber 10 is defined below the first and second breathable bottom members 35 and 38.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 17, by arranging the second stage tank higher than the first stage tank, to return the catalyst from the downstream end of the second stage tank to the upstream end of the first stage tank, for example, There is no need to forcibly use a conveyor or a screw feeder. The return path 20 is a chute connecting the upstream end 33 of the first stage tank 31 and the downstream end 36 of the second stage tank 32.

  Further, FIG. 18 shows a blade row 22 provided as a stirring means on each rotating shaft 14 of the circulation means 5, omitting the illustration of the spiral blade 21. The blade row 22 is obtained by fixing three blades 81 to the rotary shaft 14 at a pitch of 120 degrees. As described above, the circulation means 5 circulates the waste plastic / organic matter 4 together with the catalyst 2 (circulation means), and at the same time, the catalyst 2 and the waste plastic / organic matter 4 can be well stirred (stirring means). Thereby, it is possible to prevent the catalyst 2 and the waste plastic / organic matter 4 from being agglomerated in the gap between the spiral blades 21 regardless of whether the catalyst 2 is powdery or granular. Furthermore, an auxiliary blade is preferably installed on the spiral blade 21.

  Similarly to the waste plastic / organic matter treatment means of the ninth embodiment, a metal mesh 16 having a mesh that allows the maximum diameter of the catalyst 2 as the metal and / or inorganic matter separation / recovery means 15 to pass therethrough is provided as a return path. 20 may be fitted. Thereby, a metal and / or an inorganic substance can be separated and recovered as in the ninth embodiment.

Further, as shown in FIG. 19, still another waste plastic / organic matter processing means 1 (Example 11) is disposed inside a long reaction tank 3 having one end in the longitudinal direction as an upstream end 33 and the other as a downstream end 36. , The circulation means 5, and the agitation means 6, the inlet 8, and the return path 20 that are not shown in the figure. Further, a blower blower 19 as a carrier gas (air) supply means, a heating means 9 for supplying heat necessary for the decomposition reaction, a blower chamber 10 and an exhaust port 39 are also preferably provided.
Then, the catalyst 2 is circulated between the upstream end 33 and the downstream end 36. If the waste plastic / organic matter 4 introduced into the vicinity of the upstream end 33 from the introduction port 8 of the reaction tank 3 is circulated from the upstream end 33 to the downstream end 36 of the reaction tank 3 by the circulation means 5 together with the catalyst 2, this step. With this, waste plastic / organic matter 4 can be vaporized. Although the reaction tank 3 appears in a horizontal posture in the figure, the reaction tank 3 may be inclined so that the downstream end 36 is higher than the upstream end 33. In this case, the catalyst 2 conveyed to the downstream end 36 by the circulation means 5 can be slid down the return path 20 by its own weight and returned to the upstream end 33.

Further, since the catalyst 2 is circulated from the upstream end 33 toward the downstream end 36 by the circulation means 5, the catalyst that has reached the downstream end 36 is guided to the return path 20 and returns to the upstream end 33. Thereby, since the catalyst can be circulated inside the reaction tank, the waste plastic / organic matter newly introduced into the reaction tank can be further vaporized based on the action of the same catalyst.
In FIG. 19, the catalyst that has reached the downstream end 36 returns to the upstream end 33 by the screw feeder, but a huddle, a packet conveyor, a piston, or the like can also be used.

Further, as shown in FIG. 20, another waste plastic / organic matter processing means 1 (Example 12) includes a reaction tank 3 having an upper surface 33 as an upstream end 33 and a downstream end 36 as a lower surface in the figure, waste plastic and / or organic matter. At least, a charging port 41 for charging the basket into the reaction vessel 3, and a return path 20. Further, a blower blower 19 as a carrier gas (air) supply means, a heating means 9 for supplying heat necessary for the decomposition reaction, a net 42 for controlling the amount of falling catalyst, and an exhaust port 39 are preferably provided.
Here, a stirring device for making the catalyst uniform may be provided around the upstream end 33 and the downstream end 36. Further, in FIG. 20, the carrier gas is directly supplied into the reaction vessel, but it may be supplied into the reaction vessel through the air blowing chamber as in Examples 9 to 11 described above. In addition, the exhaust port 39 also serves as an input port for introducing the catalyst into the reaction tank. However, a catalyst inlet may be provided separately.
A basket 40 containing waste plastic / organic matter is placed in the reaction tank 3 through a charging port 41. Next, in the step of dropping the catalyst from the upstream end to the downstream end of the reaction vessel 3, the waste plastic and / or organic matter comes into contact with the catalyst and is vaporized.

Further, since the catalyst 2 is dropped (circulated) from the upstream end 33 to the downstream end 36, the catalyst that has reached the downstream end 36 is guided to the return path 20 and returns to the upstream end 33. Thereby, the catalyst 2 can be circulated inside the reaction tank 3. When the catalyst 2 that has reached the downstream end 36 is guided to the return path 20 and returns to the upstream end 33, the driving force is provided by providing a spiral blade on the rotating shaft that is rotated by the drive source, and inserting the rotating shaft into the return path. This is a screw feeder. However, it is not particularly limited, and examples of other driving forces include a packet conveyor.
Here, the basket 40 on which the waste plastic and / or organic matter can be disposed is preferably a wire mesh, and the flowing-down catalyst 2 can pass through, but the input waste plastic / organic matter cannot pass through. Furthermore, it is a net that prevents the passage of metal / inorganic substances mixed in the waste plastic or vapor deposited or stuck on at least a part thereof. Further, the basket 40 may be rotated and / or vibrated in the reaction vessel 3 in order to efficiently bring the catalyst 2 into contact with the waste plastic / organic matter.
However, even if the minute waste plastic / organic matter passes through the basket 40 and falls to the downstream end 36, the action of the catalyst 2 reaching the downstream end 36 vaporizes the waste plastic / organic matter.
Here, the net 42 for controlling the amount of the falling catalyst is preferably a metal net, and allows the catalyst 2 to flow uniformly from the upstream end to the downstream end. Preferably, the mesh 42 is composed of two or more wire meshes, and the amount of catalyst flow can be controlled by sliding a plurality of wire meshes.

The waste plastic / organic matter processing means 1 of Example 12 as shown in FIG. 20 is different from the waste plastic / organic matter processing means 1 of Examples 9 to 11 described above, and does not require stirring means of waste plastic / organic matter and catalyst. . Thereby, the magnitude | size of the reaction tank 3 can be made small compared with the reaction tank of the conventional decomposition device. Furthermore, it can arrange | position in the basket 40 of the reaction tank 3 through the inlet 41, without crushing waste plastic and organic substance. This eliminates the need for a crushing device for crushing waste plastic / organic matter.
In addition, the waste plastic / organic matter processing means 1 shown in FIG. 20 can be horizontally arranged as in Example 9 (see: FIGS. 16 (1) to (5)). In this case, in order to circulate the catalyst 2, a screw feeder as a circulation means is used. Further, the catalyst 2 may be circulated through the reaction tank 3 while rotating the basket 40 containing the waste plastic / organic matter 4. Thereby, since the contact efficiency of the waste plastic / organic matter 4 and the catalyst 2 can be increased, the waste plastic / organic matter 4 can be efficiently decomposed.

The screw feeder has the following advantages regardless of the waste plastic / organic matter treatment means of any of the above embodiments. The circulation means 5 and the stirring means 6 can be performed simultaneously. In addition, regardless of whether the catalyst 2 is powdery or granular, the screw feeder can be reliably circulated without causing the catalyst 2 to stay. Further, when the volume of the catalyst 2 accumulated in the reaction tank 3 is increased, an excessive torque is required to rotate the catalyst 2, whereas the screw feeder has a rotating shaft 14 as compared with the conventional stirring blade. The amount of increase in torque for rotating the can be reduced. Therefore, the use of a screw feeder as the circulation means 5 and / or the stirring means 6 is advantageous for increasing the capacity of the reaction tank 3 of the waste plastic / organic matter treatment means 1.
As another embodiment, a catalyst circulation type waste plastic / organic matter decomposition apparatus is also included in the present invention by installing a plurality of huddles in a known rotary kiln and reaction tank.

  The heating means 9 of any one of the above embodiments heats the air supplied by the carrier gas supply means such as the blower blower 19 or the like. That is, the heating means 9 functions to heat the catalyst to the catalyst activation temperature necessary for the decomposition reaction by heating the air supplied by the blower blower or the like to the blower chamber 10 by heating the air. The heat source is preferably electricity, but is not particularly limited. If it demonstrates using FIG. 17, this hot air will be sent into the ventilation chamber 10, and will raise to the inside of the reaction tank 3 from the 1st breathable bottom material 35. FIG. However, the heating means is necessary to raise the catalyst 2 to the catalyst activation temperature at the beginning of the decomposition reaction. However, as the decomposition reaction proceeds, the catalyst activation temperature is maintained by the heat of decomposition of waste plastic / organic matter. The heating means is not particularly necessary. However, when decomposing the waste plastic / organic matter 4 having a small calorific value, heat is supplied to the reaction tank 3 by heating the air supplied from the blower blower 19 by the heating means 9 as necessary.

  Any of the above-described air blowing chambers 10 has two roles of a so-called carrier gas supply tank and a tank for supplying heat necessary for the initial reaction. Further, due to the presence of the air blowing chamber 10, the first air-permeable bottom member 35 has a plurality of holes, so that the carrier supplied from the air blowing blower 19 and the like uniformly distributes the carrier gas throughout the interior of the catalyst. can do.

In the waste plastic / organic matter treatment means 1 of the present invention, spiral blades that are not divided intermittently are preferable, and more preferably, small auxiliary blades may be provided between the spiral blades. Most preferably, a small auxiliary blade 85 is installed on the spiral blade. The presence of the auxiliary vanes 85 can further improve the contact efficiency between the catalyst 2 and the waste plastic / organic matter 4.
In addition, the stirring means in any of the embodiments may be intermittently separated spiral blades. That is, as shown in FIG. 21 (a), if a plurality of notches 82 are formed at appropriate positions of the spiral blade, a part of the notches are formed in the middle of circulation of the particulate catalyst 2 and the waste plastic / organic matter 4. Go through 82. As a result, the powdered catalyst 2 and the waste plastic / organic matter 4 are stirred, so that the circulation means 5 and the stirring means 6 also serve. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 5B, the stirring means 6 is a plurality of axial flow blades 83 that provide propulsive force to the granular catalyst 2 and the waste plastic / organic matter 4 while rotating around the rotating shaft 14. Also good. In this case, the spiral blade may be omitted. Further, a projecting piece 84 may be provided at an appropriate position on the rotating shaft 14.

  Further, the waste plastic / organic matter decomposition apparatus of the present invention includes an oxidation catalyst treatment means in addition to the waste plastic / organic matter treatment means, and more preferably includes a lime neutralization treatment means.

  Moreover, in the decomposition apparatus of this invention, it can have any one or more of the following means (refer FIG. 22).

(1) Alumina catalyst treatment means It is preferable to introduce "alumina catalyst treatment means" before the oxidation catalyst treatment step in the waste plastic decomposition method or decomposition apparatus of the present invention. The alumina catalyst treatment means is to prevent Si, Mg, Cr, Pb, Fe or the like or dust from adhering to the oxidation catalyst. In addition, it is preferable to install an alumina catalyst in the front | former stage of an oxidation catalyst tank. A separate alumina catalyst tank may be provided. The heating temperature of the alumina catalyst is preferably 350 ° C. or higher.

(2) Crushing means The crushing means of the present invention is a means (apparatus) for crushing waste plastic / organic matter into a suitable size (piece) in a reaction tank of waste plastic / organic matter treatment means. Therefore, it is not particularly limited as long as it is a means capable of crushing waste plastic / organic matter. However, it is preferable to have a capacity capable of crushing the cardboard box as it is, particularly with a two-stage shutter and a germicidal lamp when processing infectious treatments in the medical field.

(3) Carrier gas supply means The carrier gas supplied to the reaction vessel is preferably oxygen, but usually air is used. Moreover, you may utilize an inert gas as needed. In addition, the supply method of carrier gas uses the ventilation blower 19 grade | etc., Preferably it distributes uniformly and supplies to the whole inside of the granule of a titanium oxide. The supply amount is room temperature air containing the amount of oxygen necessary for oxidative decomposition of the decomposed organic matter, and is preferably 1.3 to 4.0 times the theoretical oxygen requirement. Further, 1.6 to 3.0 times is preferable from the viewpoint of decomposition efficiency. In addition, although a blower etc. can be used, it does not specifically limit.
For example, a method of providing a plurality of holes in the bottom of the reaction vessel 3 and supplying oxygen or the like therefrom. In the waste plastic / organic matter processing means of the present invention, the carrier gas, preferably air, is directly supplied from the bottom of the reaction tank to the inside of the circulating catalyst, thereby supporting the carrier from the top of the conventional reaction tank. Compared with the method of supplying soot, the decomposition efficiency is significantly improved.

Dust Collection Unit The dust collection unit of the present invention collects scattered metal / inorganic matter and / or catalyst discharged from the reaction tank of the waste plastic / organic matter treatment unit. Further, the recovered catalyst can be reused. Further, preferably, as shown in FIG. 22, it is preferable that there are two dust collecting means sandwiching the lime neutralizing means. Further, the first dust collecting means is preferably a cyclone dust collecting means (device), and the second dust collecting means is preferably a dust collecting means (device) with a bag filter.
(4) Cyclone dust collecting means (first dust collecting means)
The catalyst recovered by the first dust collecting means can be used for catalyst circulation by collecting it with a cyclone and returning it to the reaction tank through a circulation path connected to the reaction tank. In addition, the inventors confirmed that about 95% to about 99% of the catalyst can be recovered by the first dust collecting means based on the experimental results.
(5) Dust collecting means with bag filter (second dust collecting means)
If the catalyst recovered by the second dust collecting means is fine powder, it can be returned to the reaction vessel after the fine particle catalyst is hardened to obtain the desired particle size.

(6) Heat exchange means A means for recovering heat through heat exchange from hot air containing carbon dioxide and a small amount of moisture. Moreover, although the obtained heat source can be utilized for a heating means, it is not specifically limited. For example, the air to be supplied can be used for heating, pre-heating, hot water supply in a factory facility or snow melting.

(7) Pre-heater means Before the oxidation catalyst treatment, it is preferable to perform pre-heating (pre-warming) with a heater means. This is suitable for reliably reacting the oxidation catalyst when a low-concentration gas flows or the heat generated in the decomposition tank is low.

(8) Exhaust blower means A means for discharging safe carbon dioxide gas generated by decomposing waste plastic / organic matter and air containing a small amount of water to the outside of the waste plastic / organic matter decomposing apparatus of the present invention.

(9) Cooling means A means for cooling the catalyst in the reaction tank when the inside of the reaction tank exceeds the optimum activation temperature range of the catalyst. The cooling method is preferably a method of recovering heat from the reaction tank by flowing cooling water to the outer periphery or inner periphery of the reaction tank (preferably using latent heat or warming the cooling water). It is not specifically limited, Cooling water can also be poured into a blade | wing etc.

(10) Heat recovery means A means for storing or using heat obtained from the cooling water. The recovered heat can be used for hot water supply related to factory facilities or snow melting. However, it is not limited to these uses.

(11) HCl continuous measurement means
It is a means for confirming whether HCI is absorbed and removed by the lime neutralization treatment means. That is, it is a means for preventing the HCI concentration above a certain level from being discharged out of the waste plastic / organic matter decomposition apparatus of the present invention.

(12) CO continuous measurement means
This is a means for confirming whether CO is converted to carbon dioxide by the oxidation catalyst treatment means. That is, it is a means for preventing the CO concentration above a certain level from being discharged out of the waste plastic / organic matter decomposition apparatus of the present invention.

(13) Alarm means The decomposition apparatus of the present invention performs safe operation within the legal and regulatory standards, but operation is stopped even when the safety range is slightly exceeded. That is, it is means for notifying abnormality when a CO or HCI concentration slightly higher than the reference value is detected during measurement by the HCl continuous measurement means and / or the CO continuous measurement means. Preferably, when an abnormality is detected, no harmful gas is discharged to the outside via a safety means (device).

Waste plastic / organic matter decomposition system of the present invention The waste plastic / organic matter decomposition system of the present invention uses the decomposition apparatus described in any one of the above to further improve the use of a suitable catalyst and / or suitable decomposition conditions. It means use to decompose waste plastics and organic matter.
Further, in the waste plastic / organic matter decomposition system of the present invention, the use of a decomposition apparatus including the conventional organic matter treatment means having the batch type reaction tank shown in FIG. It is also possible to decompose waste plastics and organic substances using conditions (see FIG. 6).

Furthermore, in the method or system for decomposing waste plastic / organic matter of the present invention, for example, when the waste plastic to be treated is various medical waste plastics such as polyvinyl chloride, polyurethane, Teflon (registered trademark), etc. Hydrogen chloride, sulfur compounds, hydrogen fluoride, cyanide gas and nitrogen-containing compounds are produced during the process. Hydrogen chloride etc. cannot be released into the atmosphere as it is. Therefore, the “lime neutralization treatment step” or “lime neutralization treatment means” is introduced.
The lime neutralization treatment process means removing hydrogen chloride, sulfur compounds, hydrogen fluoride, cyanide gas, nitrogen-containing compounds and the like generated during the decomposition treatment process so as not to be released into the atmosphere. The lime neutralization treatment means means (apparatus) for adsorbing and removing in order not to release them into the atmosphere.
Specifically, a lime material mainly composed of quick lime, slaked lime or a mixture thereof, which is porous and filled with a hydrogen chloride absorbent pellet formed into a size of 2 mm or more in a removal container, The gas containing hydrogen chloride and the like derived from the decomposed waste plastic is allowed to pass through to cause hydrogen chloride and the like to react and absorb.

The lime material referred to in the present invention may be quick lime, slaked lime, or a mixture thereof. It is preferable to use this lime material made into a porous pellet and having a size of 2 mm or more. Although this molding method is free, it may be kneaded with water and dried, or may be fired. For example, a powder of lime material is mixed with water to make a moldable hardness, extruded from an extruder, and cut into pellets.
The shape of the pellet is arbitrary. A spherical shape, a disk shape, a cylindrical shape, or any other shape may be used. The size is 2 mm or more. Below this, it becomes close to powder, causing problems with the apparatus due to pressure loss of the processing air volume, scattering, entrainment problems, and filter problems. Larger ones can be used in principle, but the larger they are, the worse the efficiency. Actually, 10 mm or less is preferable. In the inventors' experiments, about 3 mm to 7 mm was suitable.

  The lime material used in the “lime neutralization treatment step” of the waste plastic decomposition method of the present invention is preferably quick lime rather than slaked lime. These findings are based on the measurement results of the chlorine fixation rate using the lime materials (porous quicklime and slaked lime) of the inventors of the present invention (see: FIG. 2).

  Furthermore, it is better to reduce the moisture content (ppm) in the lime material as much as possible. Preferably, it is 20% or less, more preferably 10% or less. These knowledge is based on the measurement result of the lime material (slaked lime, quicklime) of each moisture content of the inventors of the present invention (see: FIG. 3).

  Furthermore, the heating temperature in the lime neutralization treatment step is preferably 150 to 500 degrees, more preferably 200 to 400 degrees, and most preferably 250 to 350 degrees. These findings are based on calculations of theoretical chlorine fixed concentrations (see: Fig. 4). Conventionally, slaked lime has been used at room temperature to adsorb hydrogen chloride and the like. In an incinerator or the like, after cooling and lowering the temperature of exhaust gas after combustion, hydrogen chloride and the like are adsorbed. In addition, since slaked lime powder is used, it is difficult to handle and the apparatus is large-scale such as a large-area switchable bag filter. However, the lime material of the present invention can be adsorbed and removed while maintaining the exhaust gas temperature after the decomposition reaction.

  The lime neutralization treatment step preferably uses a lime neutralization treatment device (means). In the lime neutralization processing apparatus, a filling tank is used. The pellets fall from the upper part of the filling tank toward the lower part, and the gas that needs to be processed passes from the lower part to the upper part in contact with the lime pellets. The upper part is provided with a pellet stock part and the lower part is a used pellet discharge part. Of course, the reaction vessel layer is blocked by a shutter, a rotary valve, or the like. The discharge amount is controlled according to the processing concentration and processing speed. The device is equipped with a heater to prevent deliquescence. In this decomposition method, the deliquescence phenomenon does not occur because the treatment is performed at a high temperature, but a heater process is preferably provided for a state in which heating is not performed.

Furthermore, an “oxidation catalyst treatment step” may be introduced into the waste plastic / organic matter decomposition method of the present invention, and an “oxidation catalyst treatment means” may be introduced into the waste plastic / organic matter decomposition system of the present invention.
The oxidation catalyst treatment step does not necessarily completely decompose waste plastics and organic substances decomposed by the heated titanium oxide granular catalyst. There is a possibility that unreacted substances and intermediate products may leave the reaction vessel as they are. For this reason, in this invention, it is preferable to further oxidize or decompose | disassemble by an oxidation catalyst process as a subsequent process. The oxidation catalyst treatment step is preferably performed after the lime neutralization treatment step.

An oxidation catalyst generally causes oxidation and decomposition reactions at a lower temperature and in a shorter time than when no catalyst is used. Various types of such oxidation catalysts are conventionally known and commercially available. In general, the reaction temperature is 200 to 500 ° C. In the present invention, 300 ° C or more is preferable, but 350 ° C or more is preferable. Since it does not always generate a single undecomposed gas when various waste plastics, organic substances, etc. are decomposed, it is preferably 350 ° C. or more in order to completely decompose the mixed undecomposed gas. In the present invention, the honeycomb type is preferable from the viewpoint of efficiency and device effectiveness.
The platinum catalyst is suitable for the reaction of converting carbon monoxide into carbon dioxide, lower hydrocarbon, VOC (volatile organic compound), and decomposition. A palladium catalyst is suitable for methane gas decomposition. In the present invention, it is preferable to use palladium and a platinum catalyst. The treatment order is preferably the order of palladium catalyst and platinum catalyst.
Prior to this catalyst treatment, preheater treatment (pre-warming) is preferably performed. This is to reliably treat the oxidation catalyst when low-concentration gas flows or heat generation in the decomposition tank is low.

  This oxidation catalyst has a great effect on the oxidation of unburned substances such as carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons, and most of them are oxidized and decomposed immediately if there is oxygen and a predetermined temperature. Carbon monoxide becomes carbon dioxide, and hydrocarbons become carbon dioxide and water.

  Furthermore, it is preferable to introduce an “alumina catalyst treatment step” before the oxidation catalyst treatment step in the waste plastic decomposition method of the present invention. The alumina catalyst treatment step is to prevent Si, Mg, Cr, Pb, Fe or the like or dust from adhering to the oxidation catalyst. In addition, it is preferable to install an alumina catalyst in the front | former stage of an oxidation catalyst tank. A separate alumina catalyst tank may be provided (see FIG. 5). The heating temperature of the alumina catalyst is preferably 350 ° C. or higher.

  Thus, the present invention provides oxidation / decomposition by titanium oxide, removal of hydrogen chloride, hydrogen fluoride, sulfur compounds, nitrogen-containing compounds, etc. by lime neutralization treatment, removal of dust, etc. by alumina catalyst treatment, and / or oxidation catalyst. It can be combined with further oxidation / decomposition.

The flow of the waste plastic / organic matter decomposition method or decomposition system of the present invention is shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 6, in the decomposition method of the present invention, in addition to the above-described steps, an air supply step, a cooling step using cooling water, and a scattered titanium oxide recovery and reuse step using a cyclone separator. , Heat exchange process using heat exchanger, dust collection process to remove fine powder, exhaust blower exhaust process, exhaust gas safety control process using hydrogen chloride detector, exhaust gas safety control process using CO detector Can be introduced.
Of course, the above steps can be deleted or modified.

  Furthermore, a “metal and / or inorganic matter separation / recovery step” may be introduced into the waste plastic / organic matter decomposition method or decomposition system of the present invention. Waste plastics and decomposition products oxidized or decomposed by the heated catalyst contain metals and inorganic materials such as stainless steel, iron, aluminum, copper, etc., or metal is deposited or stuck on the surface. There is a case. Unlike waste plastics and organic substances, such metals are not decomposed and are mixed in the catalyst and accumulate in the reaction vessel. Therefore, in the metal and / or separation / recovery step, the metal is separated from the catalyst and recovered. In addition to waste, there are many plastics or organic materials that are integrated with metal and inorganic materials. The present invention can decompose only plastics or organic matter from such plastics, or a product in which organic matter and metal, inorganic matter are integrated, and take out the metal or inorganic matter.

  As the metal and / or inorganic substance separation / recovery method, for example, a sieve having a mesh that allows the maximum diameter of the granular titanium oxide catalyst to pass through is provided in the decomposition reaction vessel. And if only the metal and inorganic substance stopped by the wire mesh are taken out, the metal and inorganic substance will not remain in the reaction vessel as much as possible. Moreover, you may isolate | separate both by the specific gravity difference of a metal, an inorganic substance, and a catalyst. A metal such as an aluminum thin film having a specific gravity smaller than that of the catalyst can be selectively recovered since an aluminum thin film or the like floats from the catalyst during the step of stirring the titanium oxide catalyst. Or when the metal to collect | recover is a magnetic body, you may isolate | separate a metal and a catalyst using a magnetism or a magnetic field. The separation of metal and inorganic is not limited to the above method.

The stirring of the catalyst composed of titanium oxide granules and the waste plastic varies depending on the volume of the reaction vessel, the shape of the stirring blade, and the stirring method, but the rotational speed is 5 rpm to 70 rpm, preferably 10 rpm to 40 rpm. In addition, the same rotation speed is preferable even if the reaction vessel is a batch system or a circulation system.
This is a value that takes into account that if the rotational speed is too high, the titanium oxide wears greatly, but if the rotational speed is slow, the contact efficiency between titanium oxide and waste plastic and / or organic matter decreases.
In other words, for a titanium weight of 100 kg, it is preferable to apply a load of 0.75 kw to 1.5 kw while adjusting the inverter to 30 Hz to 70 Hz.

  The carrier gas supplied to the reaction vessel (reaction vessel) is preferably oxygen, but usually air is used. Moreover, you may utilize an inert gas as needed. The carrier gas is preferably supplied uniformly and distributed throughout the interior of the titanium oxide granules. The supply amount is room temperature air containing the amount of oxygen necessary for oxidative decomposition of the decomposed organic matter, and is preferably 1.3 to 4.0 times the theoretical oxygen requirement. Further, 1.6 to 3.0 times is preferable from the viewpoint of decomposition efficiency. For example, there is a method of providing countless small holes at the bottom of the reaction vessel and supplying oxygen or the like therefrom.

Waste plastics and organic substances that can be applied to the decomposition method, decomposition apparatus, or decomposition system of the present invention are not particularly limited. In addition to general-purpose thermoplastics such as polyethylene and polypropylene, thermosetting plastics can also be used. It can be decomposed and gasified by the method of the present invention. In addition, waste plastics and organic substances that are crushed into a size of about several mm ³ squares are preferable from the viewpoint of decomposition efficiency, but can be decomposed without being crushed.
The objects that can be decomposed by the method for decomposing waste plastic and organic matter of the present invention are plastics such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester, polyethylene terephthalate, polystyrene, polycarbonate, polyurethane, polyvinyl chloride, Teflon (registered trademark), diapers, and artificial dialysis. Equipment, anticancer agents, genetic research-related products, information terminals, confidential information (for example, CD-R), automobile / home appliance waste plastic, valuable metal recovery, separation of organic and inorganic metals However, the organic material is not particularly limited. Furthermore, in the case of medical waste, metals such as stainless steel and aluminum are mixed depending on the use, or the metal is vapor-deposited or stuck on the surface. In addition, waste plastic does not target only used plastic but also unused but unnecessary plastic and organic matter.

  EXAMPLES The present invention will be described below with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.

Examination of heating temperature The optimum heating temperature of the catalyst made of titanium oxide granules and waste plastic was investigated. Each condition is as follows.
1. Experimental equipment (reaction vessel): Stirring type decomposition experiment machine (2200mL)
2. Introduction air flow: 50L / min
3. Temperature in reaction vessel: 300 degrees, 320 degrees, 350 degrees, 380 degrees, 400 degrees, 420 degrees, 450 degrees, 480 degrees, 500 degrees, 530 degrees, 550 degrees, 560 degrees, 570 degrees, 580 degrees, 600 degrees 4 . Catalyst used: Titanium oxide catalyst (Sakai Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. SSP-G Lot.051108) 700g
5. Waste plastic: Polyethylene pellets 1g / injection Note that the gas concentration (NOx, CO, CO ₂ , O ₂ , CH ₄ ) was measured using a gas concentration continuous measuring device PG-250 (manufacturer: Horiba Seisakusho).

The waste plastics were decomposed at the above temperatures. The experimental result is shown in FIG.
At a heating temperature of 300 degrees, the waste plastic could not be decomposed. This is because if the heating temperature is 300 degrees C or less, the activity of titanium oxide is not present and the decomposition performance does not function, and the waste plastic is simply dissolved at a temperature of 300 degrees, and most of them adhere to and accumulate on the titanium oxide surface. . When heating at 300 ° C. was continued, organic matter derived from waste plastics covered the surface of titanium oxide, and the catalytic function activity of titanium oxide was lost.
At a heating temperature of 350 degrees, there was a slight reaction, but the result was the same as at 300 degrees.
At a heating temperature of 600 degrees, waste plastic was put into the reaction vessel and burned at the same time. In other words, when the heating temperature was 600 ° C. or more, it ignited at the moment when the waste plastic was introduced. This was not the decomposition of waste plastics catalyzed by titanium oxide, and a large amount of undecomposed gas was generated by combustion.
At heating temperatures of 570 and 580 degrees, waste plastics were thrown in and ignited and burned in 5 to 15 seconds.
At a heating temperature of 350 ° C, it took 35 to 45 minutes for one decomposition.
At a heating temperature of 380 degrees, 15 to 25 minutes were required for one decomposition.
At a heating temperature of 400 ° C, it took 6 to 8 minutes for one decomposition.
At a heating temperature of 420 ° C., 3 to 5 minutes were required for one decomposition.
At a heating temperature of 450 ° C, it took 1 minute 30 seconds to 2 minutes for one decomposition.
At a heating temperature of 480 degrees, it took 30 to 40 seconds for one decomposition.
At a heating temperature of 500 degrees, 30 seconds were required for one decomposition.
At a heating temperature of 530 degrees, 25 seconds were required for one decomposition.
At a heating temperature of 550 degrees, 20 seconds were required for one decomposition.
At a heating temperature of 560 degrees, 20 seconds were required for one decomposition.
Decomposition progressed slowly at a heating temperature of 350 to 420 degrees, and it was not efficient, and practicality was not observed. From 450 degrees to 560 degrees, good decomposition of waste plastic was seen, but the heating temperature at which the most efficient waste plastic decomposition was seen is the safety due to the decomposition efficiency, reaction stability, and reaction temperature fluctuation range It was 480 degrees from etc.
Based on the above, it has been found that an optimum heating temperature can be obtained with a highly efficient decomposition reaction only in a considerably narrower range than a conventionally known heating temperature. The practicality was also in the range. The experiment was conducted with the oxygen supply amount changed, but the change in the decomposition rate changed, but the optimum heating temperature did not change.

Detection of dioxins generated in the steps of the decomposition method of the present invention The amount of dioxin generated in the steps of the decomposition method of the present invention was detected. The plastic used was a waste plastic containing 20% polyvinyl chloride that generates a large amount of dioxin and hydrogen chloride by incineration.
The measurement conditions are as follows.
1. Decomposing apparatus: 100 kg titanium oxide stirring decomposition apparatus Catalyst used: Titanium oxide catalyst 100 kg (Sakai Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. SSP-G Lot.050323)
3. Type and amount of plastic used: Mixture of polyvinyl chloride and polyethylene (20 vs. 80:% by weight), 117 g / min
4). 4. Heating temperature of titanium oxide granules: 480 degrees Introduction air flow rate: 3.9m ³ / min
6). 6. Lime neutralization treatment process Oxidation catalyst treatment step The gas concentration was measured using a specific inspection organization.

FIG. 8 shows the result of detecting the amount of diokine generated in the process of the decomposition method of the present invention. Dioxins and coplanar in any of exhaust gas (after oxidation catalyst treatment), granule of titanium oxide in decomposition tank (catalyst in decomposition tank), and lime material after neutralization treatment process (neutralizing agent in neutralizer) The measured value of PCB concentration was low, and the toxicity equivalent was very small. From the above, it was found that the amount of dioxin generated in the process of the decomposition method of the present invention is below the legal regulations.
Normally, burning 20% vinyl chloride produced a large amount of dioxin and hydrogen chloride, making it difficult to treat. In addition, when an ordinary incinerator is started up, dioxins are generated depending on the state of the input, and incineration ash remains, and a large amount of dioxins is contained therein. In addition, the high temperature treatment requires a large amount of heat, and the incinerator is deteriorated so that the maintenance is difficult. However, in the present invention, the treatment can be performed at a low temperature as compared with the conventional incinerator, the maintenance is simpler than that of the incinerator, and there is no generation of dioxins related to the legal regulation which becomes a problem. Thus, the decomposition method of the present invention is an epoch-making decomposition method that does not leave a residue of organic matter despite the low-temperature decomposition.

Examination of Specific Surface Area of Catalyst Consisting of Titanium Oxide Granules The optimum specific surface area of a catalyst consisting of titanium oxide granules was investigated.
Each measurement condition is as follows.
1. 1. Experimental apparatus (reaction vessel): stirring type decomposition experiment machine 2. Heating method: introduction air heating method Introduction air flow: 50L / min
4). 4. Temperature in reaction vessel: 480 degrees Stirring speed: 35rpm
6). Catalyst used: Titanium oxide catalyst (Sakai Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. SSP-G Lot.051108) 700g
7). Waste plastic: Polyethylene 1g / min input 8. Specific surface area of catalyst composed of titanium oxide granules: 30m ² / g, 40m ² / g, 70m ² / g

(1) Titanium oxide granules having a specific surface area of 30 m ² / g and a pore volume of 0.20 cc / g Polyethylene as waste plastic was put into the titanium oxide granules in the reaction vessel. Immediately after the addition, the waste plastic was blackened as a lump, and then the lump collapsed into powder. The powdered waste plastic spread throughout the catalyst and the entire catalyst was blackened. The blackened catalyst gradually changed to the original color and returned to the original color in about 40 seconds to about 60 seconds. Slight smoke was confirmed when the lump immediately after the waste plastic was added collapsed and dispersed. The decomposition time was long and the efficiency was poor.
(2) Titanium oxide granules having a specific surface area of 40 m ² / g and a pore volume of 0.23 cc / g Polyethylene as waste plastic was put into the titanium oxide granules in the reaction vessel. Immediately after the addition, the waste plastic was blackened as a lump, and then the lump collapsed into powder. The powdered waste plastic spread throughout the catalyst and the entire catalyst was blackened. The blackened catalyst gradually changed to the original color and returned to the original color in about 30 seconds to about 40 seconds. The decomposition efficiency was good.
(3) Titanium oxide granules having a specific surface area of 70 m ² / g and a pore volume of 0.26 cc / g Polyethylene as waste plastic was put into the titanium oxide granules in the reaction vessel. Immediately after the addition, the waste plastic was blackened as a lump, and then the lump collapsed into powder. The powdered waste plastic spread throughout the catalyst and the entire catalyst was blackened. The blackened catalyst gradually changed to the original color and returned to the original color in about 30 seconds to about 45 seconds. It should be noted that the lump immediately after the waste plastic was charged was slow to disintegrate and disperse. Moreover, handling was bad because titanium oxide itself collapsed and became powdery and scattered.
From the above results, the waste plastic could be sufficiently decomposed when the specific surface area was 30 m ² / g or more. However, if the specific surface area was 35 m ² / g or more, the waste plastic could be decomposed with higher efficiency. However, if the specific surface area is too large, the heat resistance is weak, and the granules collapse and become powdery.
Therefore, titanium oxide granules having a specific surface area of 33 m ² / g or more and 65 m ² / g or less, more preferably 35 m ² / g or more and 50 m ² / g or less, decompose waste plastic with high efficiency. I understood it.

Examination of throughput of catalyst composed of titanium oxide granules The optimum throughput of catalyst composed of titanium oxide granules was investigated.
The throughput of polystyrene pellets was gradually increased to calculate the maximum treatable amount. The treatment was performed with a titanium catalyst amount of 350 g at 1 g / min, 2 g / min × 5 times, 2 g / min × 5 times continuous feed, 3 g / min continuous feed, 4 g / min continuous feed, and 5 g / min continuous feed.
4g / min continuous feed ignited and burned violently. Since the blackening of the catalyst increased drastically even at 3 g / min, it was judged that 2 g / min continuous feed was the maximum processable amount.

From the above experiments, the weight ratio of the maximum amount of waste plastic that can be processed to the amount of catalyst used is 100 to 34.2.
Based on the above results, the maximum processable amount is 3.0 to 40.0 kg, preferably 6.0 to 35.0 kg per hour, with respect to 100 kg of the titanium oxide granules of the present invention. I understood it.

Decomposition of polyethylene and polystyrene The above-mentioned waste plastics were decomposed using granular titanium oxide (Sakai Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. SSP-G Lot.051108) heated to 480 degrees. Details are as follows.
As the decomposition apparatus, a cylindrical container and a hot air heating control type apparatus were used. 700 g of titanium oxide was put into the container. Next, the polyethylene pulverized into granules was added every 0.6 g / 30 seconds, and stirred at 35 rpm with a stirring device. All exhaust gas with a flow rate of 100 L / min was recovered. Substances contained in the exhaust gas were measured over time.
The gas concentration was measured using a gas concentration continuous measuring device PG-250 (manufacturer: Horiba Seisakusho).

Carbon dioxide and CO emissions in the exhaust gas were confirmed 30 seconds after the introduction of polyethylene. Thereafter, the concentration returned to normal. In accordance with this, the polyethylene was blackened as a lump after charging, and then the lump collapsed and became powdery. The powdered waste plastic spread throughout the catalyst and the entire catalyst was blackened. The blackened catalyst gradually returned to its original color. The waste plastic then decomposed after 30 seconds without producing smoke. In addition, when the inactivated titanium oxide granule having the same particle size was used as a control, it was burned with black smoke as in general. From this result, it was confirmed that the decomposition by titanium oxide was catalytic decomposition not combustion. Further, the same result as described above was obtained with polystyrene.
As described above, similarly to the results of Example 1, in the method for decomposing waste plastic according to the present invention, the heating temperature of the catalyst made of titanium oxide granules and the waste plastic is increased to about 480 ° C., thereby increasing the polyethylene and polystyrene. It could be decomposed with efficiency.

Decomposition of polyvinyl chloride, polyurethane and Teflon (registered trademark) Polybasic vinyl has a chlorine atom in the molecule, polyurethane has a nitrogen atom in the molecule, and Teflon (registered trademark) has a fluorine atom in the molecule. In the decomposition method of the present invention, it was examined whether plastics that generate harmful gas in such a decomposition step can be decomposed and further, the gas can be adsorbed and removed.
That is, after the titanium oxide treatment step, a lime neutralization treatment step and further an oxidation catalyst treatment step with platinum were performed. And the gas after each process was collect | recovered and the component contained in gas was measured. The same measurement was performed for polyethylene and polystyrene.
The measurement conditions are as follows.
1. Decomposing apparatus: 100 kg titanium oxide stirring decomposition apparatus Catalyst used: Titanium oxide catalyst 100 kg (Sakai Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. SSP-G Lot.060829)
3. Type and amount of plastic used: Polyvinyl chloride (70 g / min), Polyurethane (120 g / min), Teflon (registered trademark) (30 g / min), Polyethylene (100 g / min), Polystyrene (100 g / min)
4). Heating temperature 480 degrees (polyethylene, polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride) or 490 degrees (polyurethane, Teflon (registered trademark))
5. 5. Lime neutralization treatment process Palladium and platinum oxidation catalyst treatment step The gas concentration was measured using a specific inspection organization.

The result of measuring the gas generated by the decomposition of each waste plastic is shown in FIG.
In the decomposition of polyvinyl chloride, HCl and chlorine were removed to the extent that there was no problem in the environment after the lime neutralization treatment step. In the decomposition of the polyurethane, NO, NO ₂ and HCN were sufficiently removed. In the decomposition of Teflon (registered trademark), hydrogen fluoride was removed to the extent that there was no problem in the environment after the lime neutralization treatment step.
VOC (volatile organic compounds) and lower hydrocarbons were sufficiently removed in any waste plastic.
Based on the above results, it was difficult to decompose Teflon (registered trademark) or the like that generates harmful gas, particularly hydrogen fluoride, in the conventional incinerator, but in the decomposition method of the present invention, Teflon (registered trademark) or the like It was confirmed that it can be decomposed efficiently at low temperatures and that it can be safely processed without releasing harmful gases from the outside of the device.

Examination of decomposition of medical waste In the above example, it was confirmed that the plastic waste can be sufficiently decomposed, but further medical waste (centrifuge tube, blue chip, pig blood, infusion set, neotube, syringe, cell scraper) , Sure Fuser, Sure Flow, Dializer, Luxe Rubber, Chip, Kim Towel) could be disassembled.
The measurement conditions are as follows.
1. Decomposition equipment: Circulation type demonstration experiment machine (capacity: 385L)
2. Catalyst used: Titanium oxide catalyst 200kg (Outbound 100kg, Return 100kg, Sakai Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. SSP-G Lot.060116)
3. Heating temperature: 480 degrees Stirring speed: Outward (decomposition part) 10rpm, Return 35rpm
5. Oxidation catalyst temperature: 400 degrees Air flow rate: 2.75m ³ / min

(1) Treated medical waste (total 3.45kg): Plastic petri dish (large) 36 pieces 2kg, petri dish (small) 10 pieces 0.25kg, centrifuge tube (50ml) 30 pieces 0.4kg, blue chip 0.2kg, medical waste The corrugated cardboard box 0.6kg was crushed.
It was possible to decompose within 30 minutes at either 84 g / min or 120 g / min.
(2) Treated medical waste (total 7.007 kg): Plastic petri dish (large) 72 pieces 4 kg, petri dish (small) 20 pieces 0.5 kg, centrifuge tube (50 ml) 60 pieces 0.8 kg, blue chip 0.4 kg, medical waste After 0.6 kg of corrugated cardboard boxes were pulverized, 707 g of pig blood (including washing water and water-absorbing polymer) was mixed.
Stable decomposition was possible at an input rate of 120 g / min.
(3) Treated medical waste (total 7.185 kg): 2 boxes with 50 infusion sets 2.6 kg, Neotube (vacuum blood collection tube) 100 boxes 2 boxes 1.63 kg, syringe (20 ml) 2 boxes 1.97 kg, cell scraper One bag 385g and medical waste cardboard box 0.6kg were crushed.
It was possible to decompose 7280 g in 40 minutes with an input of 156 g / min.
(4) Treated medical waste (total 6.703 kg): Swine blood (including washing water and water-absorbing polymer) 773 g was mixed with 5.93 kg of medical waste similar to (3) above.
Stable decomposition was possible at an input rate of 120 g / min.
(5) Treated medical waste (total 3.055kg): 1 box 765g with 5 Sure fusers, 20 syringes 340g, Sure flow 2 620g, dialyzer (excluding aluminum laminate) 6 670g, cardboard box 660g did.
Decomposition was possible at an input of 63 g / min or 84 g / min.
(6) Treated medical waste (3.82 kg in total): 720 g of pig blood (including washing water and water-absorbing polymer) was mixed with 3.1 kg of the medical waste of (5) above.
The total amount could be decomposed in an input amount of 85 g / min for 45 minutes.
(7) Industrial waste treated (total 4.755 kg): Latex rubber gloves 3 boxes 2.2 kg, chips 400 g, Kim towel 2 bags 945 g, syringe 560 g, cardboard box 650 g.
It was possible to decompose all in 10 minutes with an input amount of 480 g / min.
(8) Treated medical waste (total 5.37 kg): 670 g of pig blood (including washing water and water-absorbing polymer) was mixed with 4.7 kg of the industrial waste of (7) above.
1540 g could be decomposed in an input amount of 77 g / min for 20 minutes. Moreover, 3840 g could be decomposed in an input amount of 96 g / min for 40 minutes.

  Medical waste was able to be decomposed | disassembled by the result of said (1)-(8). In particular, in the decomposition method of the present invention, nitrogen compounds such as NOx can be safely treated in the decomposition of substances derived from living bodies such as blood, and lime neutralization treatment steps are also performed for sulfur compounds such as hydrogen sulfide and sulfurous acid gas. It can be confirmed that it can be processed safely.

Confirmation of Bacteria Adhering to Titanium Oxide Granules After decomposing the petri dish in which the bacteria were cultured, it was confirmed whether or not the bacteria adhered to the titanium oxide granules after the decomposing treatment. Specifically, the titanium oxide granules after treating Escherichia coli and other organic substances were collected in a stirring type experimental machine and a demonstration machine, and the bacteria contained therein were examined. The experimental method is as follows.
(1) In the stirring type experimental apparatus, 200 ml of distilled water was added to about 260 g of used titanium oxide and washed. A part of this washing solution was smeared on SCD medium and various media and cultured at 35 ° C. for 24 hours and 48 hours. Colonies formed after the culture were observed and counted.
(2) In the demonstration machine, about 50 g of titanium oxide was collected at the time of titanium exchange, 35 ml of phosphate buffer solution was added, and after sufficient stirring, recovered as a washing solution. A part of this washing solution was smeared on SCD medium and various pet check media, and cultured at 35 ° C. for 24 hours and 48 hours. Colonies formed after the culture were observed and counted.

The results of (1) and (2) above are shown in FIG. In any case, Escherichia coli and the like were not detected from the washing solution obtained from the titanium oxide granules after the waste plastic decomposition treatment.
From the above, E. coli was able to be killed by the decomposition treatment process of the present invention.

  In the following examples, a process of treating a medical waste such as a used syringe, a packaging bag, or a medicine bottle discarded in a hospital or the like by the waste plastic / organic matter processing means of the decomposition apparatus of the present invention will be described. . For the elements already described, the same designation or the same reference numeral will be used.

  First, air is supplied to the reaction tank 3 by the carrier gas supply means such as the blower blower 19 and then the heating means 9 is activated to heat the air supplied by the carrier gas supply means, and the heating The supplied air (hot air) is supplied to the inside of the reaction vessel 3 including the catalyst 2 so that the temperature of the catalyst 2 becomes 420 to 560 degrees.

Next, using the crushing apparatus shown in FIG. 22, the medical waste is crushed to a size of several mm ³ and larger than the catalyst. The crushed medical waste is fed into the recess 13 (see FIG. 16-4) from the inlet 7 of the reaction tank 3. The injected medical waste is circulated in the reaction tank by the circulation means 5 (D) and the circulation means 5 together with the catalyst 2. In this circulation step, the catalyst 2 and the medical waste are continuously stirred by the screw feeder as the stirring means 6, so that the contact between the catalyst 2 and the medical waste is repeated, and the medical waste is based on the action of the catalyst 2. Decomposition of waste plastic / organic matter 4 contained in the product is promoted. As a result, the waste plastic / organic matter 4 contained in all the medical waste charged into the reaction tank 3 is vaporized during the catalyst circulation step. When the waste plastic / organic matter 4 is vaporized and decomposes, a gas mainly composed of carbon dioxide and water vapor is generated.

  The above gas (vaporized organic matter) is sent to the lime neutralization treatment means and then to the oxidation catalyst treatment means. The step of removing harmful components of the exhaust gas is omitted in this embodiment.

  In the above circulation process, the waste plastic / organic matter 4 occupying most of the medical waste is vaporized, but the metal mixed in the medical waste remains in the catalyst 2 even after the circulation. You may enable it to select such a metal in the process further circulated with the catalyst 2. FIG. For example, a metal mesh 16 having a mesh that allows the maximum diameter of the catalyst 2 to pass through is fitted into the reaction vessel as a metal and / or inorganic substance separating / recovering means (see FIG. 16 (4)). And the pocket 17 which can collect | recover the metal and an inorganic substance stopped by the wire mesh is installed, and a metal and an inorganic substance can be collect | recovered from a pocket.

  Therefore, according to the waste plastic / organic matter processing means of the present invention, the metal and inorganic matter contained in the medical waste are not left in the reaction tank 3, and the oxidation of the metal can be suppressed and the recycling thereof can be realized. In addition, when the metal and / or inorganic substance separating / collecting means sorts the metal, it is not necessary to stop the circulation means 5 and / or the stirring means 6, so that the treatment amount of medical waste can be maintained high. Further, when the metal and / or inorganic substance separating / recovering means 15 sorts the metal, it is not necessary to open the door of the reaction tank 3, so that the thermal efficiency of the waste plastic / organic matter treating means can be kept high.

  First, the inlet 7 of the reaction tank 3 shown in FIG. 17 is opened, and the catalyst 2 flows down in the vicinity of the upstream end 33 of the first stage tank 31. At the same time, if the circulation means 5 is activated, the catalyst 2 is first transported by the circulation means 5 (A) toward the delivery end 34 of the first stage tank 31, and the lower end of the rotating shaft 14 of the circulation means 5 (B). To the department. Subsequently, the catalyst 2 is pushed up to the feed end 37 of the second stage tank 32 by the circulation means 5 (B), and finally conveyed to the downstream end 36 of the second stage tank 32 by the circulation means 5 (C). Is done. At this point, the catalyst 2 exists in the circulation path from the upstream end 33 of the first stage tank 31 to the downstream end 36 of the second stage tank 32 and is circulated.

  If the circulating means 5 is continuously started up while the catalyst 2 is flowing down as described above, the catalyst 2 slides down the return path 20 by its own weight and returns to the upstream end 33 of the first stage tank 31. The flow of the catalyst 2 is terminated when it is estimated that the volume or mass of the catalyst 2 accumulated in the circulation path reaches a desired amount. After closing the inlet 7, the heating means 9 is used to heat the catalyst 2 inside the reaction tank 3 so that the temperature is in the range of 420 to 560 degrees. Since the catalyst does not deteriorate even if it is always present in the reaction tank, the subsequent decomposition operation may be performed from the operation of heating the catalyst 2 in the reaction tank 3.

Next, using the crushing apparatus shown in FIG. 22, the medical waste is crushed to a size of several mm ³ and larger than the catalyst. The crushed medical waste is input from the input port 7 in the vicinity of the upstream end 33 of the first stage tank 31. Furthermore, the medical waste is circulated along the circulation path by the circulation means 5 together with the catalyst 2. In this circulation step, the catalyst 2 and the medical waste are continuously stirred by the screw feeder as the stirring means 6, so that the contact between the catalyst 2 and the medical waste is repeated, and the medical waste is based on the action of the catalyst 2. Decomposition of organic substances contained in is promoted. As a result, the organic matter 4 contained in all the medical waste charged into the reaction tank 3 is vaporized while circulating from the upstream end 33 of the first stage tank 31 to the downstream end 36 of the second stage tank 32. If the decomposition occurs in the process of vaporizing organic matter, a gas mainly composed of carbon dioxide and water vapor is generated.

  On the other hand, when the catalyst 2 reaches the downstream end 36 of the second stage tank 32, it slides down the return path 20 and returns to the upstream end 33 of the reaction tank 3, so that the catalyst 2 circulates inside the reaction tank 3. Therefore, when the medical waste newly crushed by the crushing means is charged into the reaction tank 3, the organic matter contained in the new medical waste can be repeatedly vaporized using the same catalyst 2. Further, since the position of the second stage tank 32 is higher than that of the first stage tank 31, for example, a conveyor is used to return the catalyst 2 from the downstream end 36 of the second stage tank 32 to the upstream end 33 of the first stage tank 31. Alternatively, it may not be forced to use a screw feeder or the like.

  The above gas (vaporized organic matter) is sent to the lime neutralization treatment means and then to the oxidation catalyst treatment means. The step of removing harmful components of the exhaust gas is omitted in this embodiment.

  Further, in the above circulation process, the organic matter that occupies most of the medical waste is vaporized, but the metal mixed in the medical waste remains in the catalyst 2 even when it reaches the downstream end 36 of the second stage tank 32. You may enable it to select such a metal in the process further circulated with the catalyst 2. FIG. For example, a wire mesh 16 having a mesh that allows the maximum diameter of the catalyst 2 to pass through may be fitted in the return path 20 as a metal and / or inorganic material separating / collecting means 15. In this case, the return path 20 may be disposed outside the reaction vessel 3 so that the metal stopped by the wire mesh does not directly touch the high-temperature gas. Then, if the metal stopped by the wire mesh is taken out by opening the return path 20, it can be removed from the catalyst 2 before it is mixed with the medical waste newly introduced into the reaction tank 3.

  It should be noted that the present invention can be implemented in variously modified, modified, and modified forms based on the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. For example, the circulation means 5 (B) may not be required. For example, the first air-permeable bottom material 35 is inclined such that the delivery end 34 is higher than the upstream end 33 thereof, and the catalyst conveyed to the delivery end 34 of the first air-permeable bottom material 35 by the conveying means 5. 2 may be dropped directly onto the feeding end 37 of the second air-permeable bottom member 38.

  First, the inlet 8 shown in FIG. 19 is opened, and the catalyst 2 flows down in the vicinity of the upstream end 33. At the same time, if the circulation means 5 is activated, the catalyst 2 is first conveyed from the upstream end 33 toward the downstream end 36 by the circulation means 5. At this point, the catalyst 2 exists in the circulation path from the upstream end 33 to the downstream end 36 and is circulated.

  The flow of the catalyst 2 is terminated when it is estimated that the volume or mass of the catalyst 2 accumulated in the circulation path reaches a desired amount. After closing the charging port, the air supplied by the blower blower 19 is heated by the heating means 9 and the heated air is sent into the reaction tank 3, so that the temperature of the catalyst 2 inside the reaction tank 3 is 420 degrees to 560. Heat to a degree range. Since the catalyst does not deteriorate even if it is always present in the reaction tank, the subsequent decomposition operation may be performed from the operation of heating the catalyst 2 in the reaction tank 3.

Next, using the crushing apparatus shown in FIG. 22, the medical waste is crushed to a size of several mm ³ and larger than the catalyst. The crushed medical waste is input from the input port 8 to the vicinity of the upstream end 33. Furthermore, the medical waste is circulated along the circulation path by the circulation means 5 together with the catalyst 2. In this circulation step, the catalyst 2 and the medical waste are continuously stirred by the screw feeder as the stirring means 6, so that the contact between the catalyst 2 and the medical waste is repeated, and the medical waste is based on the action of the catalyst 2. Decomposition of organic substances contained in is promoted. As a result, the organic matter 4 contained in all medical waste charged into the reaction tank 3 is vaporized while circulating from the upstream end 33 to the downstream end 36. If the decomposition occurs in the process of vaporizing organic matter, a gas mainly composed of carbon dioxide and water vapor is generated.

  On the other hand, when the catalyst 2 reaches the downstream end 36, the catalyst 2 slides down the return path 20 and returns to the upstream end 33 of the reaction tank 3, so that the catalyst 2 constantly circulates inside the reaction tank 3. Therefore, when the medical waste newly crushed by the crushing apparatus is introduced into the reaction tank 3, the organic matter contained in the new medical waste can be repeatedly vaporized using the same catalyst 2.

  The above gas (vaporized organic matter) is sent to the lime neutralization treatment means and then to the oxidation catalyst treatment means. The step of removing harmful components of the exhaust gas is omitted in this embodiment.

  Preferably, the return path 20 includes a metal and / or inorganic material separation / recovery means 15 and connects the downstream end 36 and the upstream end 33 of the reaction tank 3. The separation means 15 separates the remaining metal / inorganic matter from the catalyst 2 conveyed to the downstream end 36 as will be described in detail below. The return path 20 returns the catalyst 2 from which the metal has been separated by the separation / recovery means 15 to the upstream end 33.

  The separation means 15 is a wire mesh 16 having a mesh that allows the maximum diameter of the catalyst 2 to pass therethrough, and is fitted in the middle of the return path 20. And when the metal stopped by the wire mesh has accumulated to some extent, if the return path 20 is opened and the metal and / or inorganic matter is taken out, the metal contained in the waste plastic / organic matter 4 does not remain in the reaction tank 3, The metal can be prevented from being oxidized and recycled.

  The waste plastic / organic matter treatment apparatus described above was able to recover metal (aluminum (Al)) with an average purity of 98.9%. A plastic film with Al deposited on the surface is crushed to about 5 cm square, mixed and stirred in a 1 to 3 mm diameter catalyst (titanium oxide) 2 heated to about 480 ° C., and waste plastic / organic matter in 10 minutes The processing equipment was circulated. Each time the catalyst 2 circulates in the waste plastic / organic matter treatment means 1 once, a few cm squares of thin Al pieces were collected, and the plastic pieces were decomposed and vaporized, and the high-purity aluminum metal could be collected. . It is expected that the shorter the circulation time, the higher the purity of the metal that can be recovered.

  As mentioned above, although embodiment and the Example were described about the waste plastics and organic substance processing apparatus of this invention, this invention is not limited to the said embodiment. In the above embodiment, the metal piece remains on the wire mesh, but the catalyst 2 may remain on the wire mesh. Since the size of the metal piece to be recovered may vary depending on various conditions such as the type of metal to be recovered, the heating temperature of the catalyst 2 and the oxygen concentration, the recovery conditions and the catalyst 2 should be such that the larger particle size remains on the wire mesh. The diameter and the mesh size are selected and adjusted in advance so that the metal can be recovered.

  Further, although FIG. 19 shows the waste plastic / organic matter processing means 1 in a horizontal posture, the reaction tank 3 may be inclined so that the downstream end 36 is higher than the upstream end 33. By making the downstream end 36 higher than the upstream end 33, the catalyst 2 conveyed to the downstream end 36 by the circulation means 5 can slide down the return path 20 by its own weight and return to the upstream end 33. In this case, the return path 20 may be a chute connecting the downstream end 36 and the upstream end 33 of the reaction tank 3.

As shown in FIG. 20, the petri dish that is medical waste is put in the basket 40. Then, the basket 40 in which the petri dish is stored is disposed in the reaction tank 3 from the input port 41.
Next, the catalyst 2 is caused to flow down from the exhaust port 39 of the reaction tank 3. Thereby, the catalyst 2 flows down from the upstream end 33 of the reaction tank 3 to the downstream end 36. Next, the screw feeder is activated. As a result, the catalyst 2 accumulated in the vicinity of the downstream end 36 returns to the upstream end 33 of the reaction tank 3 through the return path 20. The flow of the catalyst 2 is terminated when it is estimated that the volume or mass of the catalyst 2 accumulated in the circulation path reaches a desired amount.
Next, the heating means 9 is used to heat the catalyst 2 inside the reaction tank 3 so that the temperature is in the range of 420 degrees to 560 degrees. Since the catalyst does not deteriorate even if it is always present in the reaction tank, the subsequent decomposition operation may be performed from the operation of heating the catalyst 2 in the reaction tank 3.

  As described above, in the step in which the catalyst 2 that has reached the catalyst activation temperature flows (circulates) from the upstream end 33 to the downstream end 36 of the reaction tank 3, the petri dish comes into contact with the catalyst 2 and is vaporized. In the process of vaporizing the petri dish, a gas mainly composed of carbon dioxide and water vapor is generated.

  On the other hand, when the catalyst 2 reaches the downstream end 36 of the reaction tank 3, it returns to the upstream end 33 of the reaction tank 3 via the return path 20, so that the catalyst 2 circulates inside the reaction tank 3. Therefore, the catalyst 2 having a high catalytic activity state can be dropped onto the petri dish one after another.

  The above gas (vaporized organic matter) is sent to the lime neutralization treatment means and then to the oxidation catalyst treatment means. The step of removing harmful components of the exhaust gas is omitted in this embodiment.

Waste Plastic / Organic Material Decomposition System of the Present Invention The decomposition apparatus described in Example 9 is used, and the titanium oxide granules in the reaction vessel 3 are further heated to 420 to 560 degrees. The characteristic of the titanium oxide as the active ingredient of the titanium oxide granules to be used, (1) a specific surface area of 35m ² / g or more 50 m ² / g or less, (2) granules are 3.5Mesh (5.60 mm) It is as follows.
The waste plastic / organic matter used is a plastic that generates chlorine, hydrogen fluoride, sulfur compounds, nitrogen compounds, etc. during the decomposition process.

  In the above decomposition system, the decomposition efficiency is much higher than that of the conventional decomposition method. Also, plastic, organic matter, blood, etc. that generate HCI, hydrogen fluoride, sulfur compounds, nitrogen compounds, etc. during the decomposition process by lime neutralization treatment step by lime neutralization treatment means and oxidation catalyst treatment step by oxidation catalyst treatment means It is also possible to easily carry out the treatment of the living body derived material and the fluorine compound generating hydrogen fluoride. Furthermore, it is possible to easily separate and recover the metal / inorganic matter mixed in the waste plastics / organic matter, or deposited or stuck on at least one surface thereof.

  In addition, all the embodiments of the present invention can be implemented in variously modified, modified, and modified forms based on the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

  The decomposition method, decomposition apparatus, and decomposition system of the present invention are useful techniques for treating not only medical waste but also waste materials such as plastics.

1: Waste plastic / organic matter treatment means 2: Catalyst 3: Reaction tank 4: Waste plastic / organic matter 5: Circulation means 6: Stirring means 7: Input port 8: Input port 9: Heating means 10: Blower chamber 11: Partition wall 12 : Paddle 13: Recessed portion 14: Rotating shaft 15: Metal and / or inorganic substance separating / collecting means 16: Metal mesh having a mesh that allows the maximum diameter of the catalyst 2 to pass through 17: Metal and / or inorganic substance collecting pocket 18: Metal / inorganic discharge port 19: Blower blower 20: Return path 21: Spiral blade 22: Blade row 23: Crushing means 24: Solid waste plastic / organic matter input port 25: Solid waste plastic / organic matter decomposition part 30: Partition wall 31: No. 1 First stage tank 32: Second stage tank 33: Upstream end 34: Outlet end 35: Breathable bottom material 36: Downstream end 37: Inlet end 38: Breathable bottom material 39: Drainage Vent 40: Basket 41: Inlet 42: Net 81: Three blades 82: Notch 83: Axial blade 84: Protruding piece 85: Protruding piece 101: Crushing device 102: Reaction tank 103: Stirring blade 104: Blower 105: Removal device 106: Separation device 107: Collection tank 201: Sample container 202: Stirrer 203: Shaft body 204: Stirring blade

Claims (6)

In a method for decomposing waste plastic / organic matter, wherein the plastic and / or organic matter is gasified, comprising a step of stirring the waste plastic and / or organic matter together with a catalyst comprising a titanium oxide granule whose active ingredient is titanium oxide. A method for decomposing waste plastics / organic matter, wherein the heating temperature of the catalyst is in the range of 420 ° C. to 560 ° C., and the titanium oxide of the titanium oxide granules has the following characteristics.
(1) The specific surface area is 35 m ² / g or more to 50 m ² / g or less,
(2) The diameter of the granule is 3.5 mesh (5.60 mm) or less. 2. The decomposition method according to claim 1, wherein the amount of waste plastic and / or organic matter treated per hour per 100 kg of titanium oxide granules is in the range of 3.0 kg to 40.0 kg. Furthermore, the decomposition | disassembly method of Claim 1 or 2 including a lime neutralization process process. The decomposition method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising an oxidation catalyst treatment step. The decomposition method according to claim 4, further comprising an alumina catalyst treatment step before the oxidation catalyst treatment step. Furthermore, the decomposition | disassembly method of any one of Claims 1-5 including a metal and / or inorganic substance isolation | separation / collection | recovery process.