JP2004049972A - Method and facility for treating oil-containing waste liquid - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method and a facility for treating oil-containing waste liquid, by which the oil-containing waste liquid is reused. <P>SOLUTION: This facility for heat-treating the oil-containing waste liquid is provided with: a drying furnace 2 for removing the moisture content of the treating object which, is obtained by adding an adsorbing material to the oil-containing waste liquid and supplied by an oil/water sucking means 11 by heat-treating the treating object; and a thermally decomposing furnace 3 for carbonizing the organic component, the oil content and the adsorbing material contained in the treating object by pyrolysis by furthermore heat-treating the object which is to be treated and the moisture content of which is removed by the furnace 2. The obtained carbide can be reused as a deodorizer, a soil conditioner, a snow thawing agent, an ice thawing agent, a flocculant, an adsorbent or the like. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【００２２】
表から明らかなように、４００℃の雰囲気のもとで、ＨＣｌが最大１ｐｐｍ検出された。また、９０℃の雰囲気のもとで、ＳＯ_２が最大３ｐｐｍ検出された。ＮＯ＋ＮＯ_２は、１００℃以下の雰囲気のもとで、１０ｐｐｍ検出された。かかる結果から、本サンプルの油分含有被処理物（脱酸廃液）の加熱処理にあたり、ハロゲン化合物や硫黄化合物等の物質を除去する薬剤の添加が望ましいことがわかる。
（３）含有成分の比較
各加熱処理工程で得た処理物の含有成分分析結果を表２に示した（２サンプルの平均値）。ここでは、乾燥処理及び炭化処理で得た処理物の成分分析結果を示した。乾燥処理では、乾燥炉にて１１０℃の雰囲気で４８時間処理した。炭化処理では、電気炉にて６００℃の雰囲気で２時間処理した。成分分析は、ＥＰＭＡによって行った（単位は質量％）。
【００２３】
【表２】

【００２４】
乾物は、油分を含むことから炭素が多いものの粘性があるが、表２の結果から明らかなように、炭化処理することで、油分及び他の有機物は除去され、リン成分の多い物質として回収できることが確認できた。
【００２５】
以上の実験結果に基づき創出された本発明の実施形態について説明する。
【００２６】
図１は、本発明の概念を示した概略図である。
【００２７】
本発明は、油水がエマルジョン化した油分含有廃液を、吸着材と接触させて、取り扱い容易な被処理物（ゲル状物質）に加工している。そして、この被処理物を加熱処理に供している。前記実験結果から明らかなように、加熱処理によって得た炭素成分は、脱臭剤、土壌改良剤、融雪剤、融氷剤、凝集剤、吸着剤等として再利用できる。また、リン成分を含む場合には土壌改良剤、肥料として再利用できる。
【００２８】
油水型含有廃液には、油分が連続相で水分が分散相である油中水型と、水分が連続相で油分が分散相である水中油型とがある。したがって、吸着材の材料には、水分吸着性、油分吸着性、水分油分吸着性を有する材料を適宜選択するとよい。
【００２９】
吸着材としては、有機質材または無機質材のいずれかまたは両者を含んでなるものがある。このとき、ハロゲン等の有害物質成分を含んでないものが望ましい。また、乾燥工程においては、１００〜１５０℃の雰囲気で加熱するので、この雰囲気で溶解しないものが望ましい。有機質材には、例えば、たんぱく質、セルロース、各種穀物の殻、おが屑、澱粉等が挙げられ、さらに具体的には、樹皮、泥炭ゴケ、葦、干し草、羽毛、椰子殻、サトウキビの搾りかす等の天然有機物がある。また、有機質材には、非水溶性、可水溶性の高分子材料がある。非水溶性のものとしては、ポリプロピレン系、ポリエチレン系、ポリスチレン系、ポリアミド系の繊維素材がある。可水溶性のものとしては、携帯トイレ、おむつ等に使用されている高分子吸収体が採用される。例えば、自己架橋型アクリル酸アルカリ金属塩ポリマーや、カルボキシル基を有するものがある。無機質材には、蛭石、真珠石、火山灰等の鉱物起源物質や、再生した白土、アルミナ、シリカゲル等が例示され、さらに好ましくは廃棄物を加工したものがある。
【００３０】
また、吸着材は、液相との接触面積をなるべく大きく確保できるように形成される。このとき、ポンプで搬送できるような形状、例えばシート状または粉体状に形成するとよい。例えば、高分子化合物を含んでなる吸着材はシート状（不繊布）、糸状等に形成され、無機化合物を含んでなる吸着材は顆粒状に形成される。
【００３１】
図２は、本発明の油分含有廃液処理システムの概略を示した図である。
【００３２】
吸油水手段１１は、油分含有廃液と吸着材とを接触する手段で、導入した油分含有廃液と吸着材とを一時的滞留させるためのピット１１２を備える。尚、図示省略されているが、ピット１１２には攪拌手段が適宜設置される。
【００３３】
油分廃液は、廃液貯留ピット１１０からポンプＰ１によって吸引されバルブ手段Ｖ１によって導入される。また、廃液を多く処理する場合等においては、廃液はさらにバルブ手段Ｖ０によって他の吸油水手段に供給される。
【００３４】
一方、吸着材は、吸着材供給手段１１１によって導入される。吸着材供給手段１１１としては、シート状の不繊布、糸状及び粉体状の吸着材を供給できるものであれば既知のものでよく、例えばホッパー装置やフィーダー装置等が採用される。
【００３５】
吸油水手段１１における吸着材との接触によってゲル化した廃液は、被処理物としてバルブ手段Ｖ２及びポンプＰ２によって（Ａ）ラインを介して後述の加熱処理施設に供され、乾燥処理さらには炭化処理される。また、他に併せて処理する固形物質がある場合には、（Ｂ）ラインを介して追加供給される。乾燥あるいは炭化処理された被処理物は、各種再利用のために回収される。一方、加熱処理過程で生じた水蒸気や熱分解ガスは、後述のガス燃焼炉５に供されて無害化処理された後に、熱交換器５２及びバグフィルタ５３を経てブロア５４によって煙突５５から大気開放される。
【００３６】
図３は、吸油水手段の動作例を説明した図である。
【００３７】
ここでは、バッチ方式に廃液を導入しているが、廃液の導入形態はこれに限定されるもではない。先ず、吸着材導入工程（図３（ａ））では、バルブ手段Ｖ２が閉に、ポンプＰ２が停止に制御され、一定量の吸着材が吸着材供給手段１１１によってピット１１２内に投入される。次いで、油分含有廃液導入工程（図３（ｂ））では、貯留ピット１１０から一定量の油分含有廃液がピット１１２内に投入される。このとき、攪拌手段を一定時間作動し、ピット１１２内の液相を攪拌する。そして、排出工程（図３（ｃ））では、バルブ手段Ｖ２が開、ポンプＰ２が運転に制御され、ゲル状化した廃液を加熱処理施設に供する。
【００３８】
図４は、本発明における加熱処理形態の概略を示した図である。先ず、ゲル状化した被処理物を計量積算し、且つ積算値が一定値をオーバーしないように第一工程（乾燥工程）に導入する。次いで、被処理物を加熱処理して水分を除去する乾燥工程（第一工程）で得た乾燥物質を回収しその質量を計量且つ積算しながら、この積算値が一定値をオーバーしないように、乾燥物質を次工程の熱分解工程（第二工程）に供給して、当該物質に含まれる有機成分、油分及び吸着材の熱分解処理を行っている。このとき、加熱温度は、水分を除去するにあたり炉内温度が１００℃以上となるように外部から３５０〜６５０℃で加熱する。また、有機成分、油分の除去並びに吸着材の分離にあたり３５０〜６５０℃で加熱する。第一及び第二工程で得た処理物は、回収され、再利用に供される。
【００３９】
また、油分含有廃液中にハロゲン成分や硫黄成分が含まれている場合、乾燥後の被処理物に、薬剤が適宜添加される。当該薬剤は、ハロゲン成分や硫黄成分等の有害物質と接触反応して無害な塩化物（無機の塩化物）に置換生成する。
【００４０】
薬剤としては、例えば、発明者が先に出願している、アルカリ金属、アルカリ金属化合物、アルカリ土類金属、アルカリ土類金属化合物中の少なくとも１種類を選択または２種類以上を混合したものが有効である。
【００４１】
アルカリ金属には、リチウム、ナトリウム、カリウム、ルビジウム、セシウムまたはフランシウムがある。そして、これらの化合物としては、例えば、酸化物、水酸化物、炭酸水素塩、炭酸塩、ケイ酸塩、アルミン酸塩、硝酸塩または硫酸塩等が挙げられる。その具体的な薬剤としては、例えば、炭酸水素ナトリウム、炭酸ナトリウム、セスキ炭酸ナトリウム、天然ソーダ、炭酸カリウム、炭酸水素カリウム、炭酸ナトリウムカリウム、水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム等が挙げられる。尚、炭酸水素ナトリウムは、酸性炭酸ナトリウム、重炭酸ナトリウムまたは重炭酸ソーダと別称される。炭酸ナトリウムは、炭酸ソーダ、ソーダ、ソーダ灰、洗濯ソーダまたは結晶ソーダと別称される。セスキ炭酸ナトリウムは、二炭酸一水素ナトリウム、三二炭酸水素ナトリウムまたはナトリウムセスキカーボネートと別称される。天然ソーダは、トロナと別称される。
【００４２】
また、アルカリ土類金属には、カルシウム、ストロンチウム、バリウムまたはラジウム等がある。そして、その化合物としては、例えば、酸化物、水酸化物、炭酸水素塩または炭酸塩等が挙げられる。具体的な薬剤としては、例えば、石灰（ＣａＯ）、消石灰（Ｃａ（ＯＨ）_２）、炭酸カルシウム（ＣａＣＯ_３）またはドロマイド（ＣａＣＯ_３・ＭｇＣＯ_３）等が挙げられる。
【００４３】
図５は、本発明の第一の実施形態を示した概略図である。
【００４４】
本実施形態では、吸油水手段１１で得た被処理物（油分含有廃液に吸着材を添加して得たゲル状物質）を乾燥炉２において乾燥処理している。このとき、被処理物を乾燥炉２に供するにあたり、被処理物の質量を計量し、この計量結果に基づき、一定量の被処理物を供給している。このことにより、乾燥処理工程における被処理物の処理量が把握でき、加熱処理は安定し、乾燥炉２は、乾燥処理施設としての法適用を受けることができる。
【００４５】
計量供給手段１は、吸油水手段１１から導入した被処理物の質量を計量し、この計量結果を単位時間毎に積算して、一定量の被処理物を間欠的に次工程の乾燥炉２に供給する手段である。計量供給手段１については、後で詳細に説明する。被処理物の導入形態としては、（Ａ）ラインのように、モーノポンプによって乾燥炉２に導入される。また、油水を固体吸着材に吸着させた場合には吸着材を破砕する必要があり、（Ｂ）ラインのように、破砕手段１１によって破砕処理した後に導入される。
【００４６】
乾燥炉２は、被処理物の含有する水分を蒸発して乾燥処理するための手段で、回転キルン方式を採用し、回転自在の回転炉２１と、回転炉２１の外周にガスダクトを形成し、熱風ガスを導入して回転炉２１を外部から加熱する外部加熱手段としての加熱ジャケット２２と、回転炉２２を両端側で回転自在に支承する支持ローラと、回転炉２２を回転駆動する回転駆動源と、を具備してなる。尚、熱風ガスは、熱風炉４から導入される。
【００４７】
回転炉２１は、その一端側に被処理物を搬入する図示しない供給口側を、また他端側に図示しない排出口側を設け、円筒体内部には搬送物を攪拌搬送するための図示省略した送り羽根が複数枚具備されている。そして、供給側ダクト２０から供給された被処理物を、供給口側から回転炉２１に導入し、回転炉２１の回転によって、該被処理物を撹拌しながらの排出口側への移送を可能としている。
【００４８】
熱風炉４は、熱風ガス（例えば温度約３５０〜６５０℃程度）を供給する手段で、熱風ガスを発生させるための燃焼バーナー４０を備えている。発生した熱ガスは、乾燥炉２の加熱ジャケット２２内に供給される。このとき、熱風ガスには、温度調整用の空気が注入されてガス温度が適宜調整される。このようにして、回転炉２１内部の被処理物は乾燥処理される。
【００４９】
図６は、計量供給手段の実施形態を示した概略図である。
【００５０】
計量供給手段１は、計量ホッパー６０を具備する。計量ホッパー６０は、計量センサー６１とバルブ手段６２を備え、これにフレキシブル継ぎ手６２１介して、バルブ手段１３が接続される。そして、バルブ手段６３には、さらに継ぎ手６３１を介してバルブ手段６４が接続される。バルブ手段６２，６３，６４は、制御手段６６からの制御信号に基づき開閉動作する。尚、計量ホッパー６０において、被処理物供給側には、適宜、バッファータンクが設けられる。
【００５１】
被処理物が供給される加熱処理炉は、空気導入を制限しており、発生する水蒸気及び熱分解ガスを吸引排出しているので、炉内部は負圧となっている。したがって、計量ホッパー６０は、負圧の影響を受けて正確に計量することが困難となる。そこで、本発明における計量供給手段は、計量ホッパー６０の被処理物排出側にバルブ手段６２を接続し、これにフレキシブル継ぎ手６２１を接続して、バルブ手段６３，６４及び継ぎ手６３１を組んだ構成となっている。この構成によって、被処理物の正確な計量が可能となる。
【００５２】
計量センサー６１は、計量ホッパー６０に導入された被処理物の質量を測定するセンサーである。計量センサー６１としては、例えばロードセル等がある。計量センサー６１にて測定された質量は、測定信号として制御手段６６に供給される。
【００５３】
また、本実施形態において、計量供給手段１は、被処理物供給ラインに、被処理物を受け入れるための受け入れホッパー６０１と、被処理物を一時的に貯留するための貯留ホッパー６０４を備える。ここで、受け入れホッパー６０１と貯留ホッパー６０４と計量供給手段１との間には、被処理物を搬送するためのパイプコンベア６０２，６０５がそれぞれ設置されている。パイプコンベア６０２は、被処理物を貯留ホッパー６０４に誘導する排出口６０３を備えている。パイプコンベア６０５は、被処理物を計量供給手段１に誘導する排出口６０７を設けていると共に、駆動源６０６を具備している。尚、パイプコンベア６０５においては、排出口６０７の上流側に薬剤供給手段６５が設けられ、被処理物に薬剤が適宜添加される。
【００５４】
薬剤供給手段６５は、薬剤貯留部６５１とバルブ手段６５２を備え、制御手段６６による動作制御によって、所定の量の前記薬剤を被処理物に添加する。
【００５５】
制御手段６６は、記憶及び演算処理機能を有し、計量センサー６１から供給された測定信号に基づく演算処理によってバルブ手段６２，６３，６４、駆動源６０６及び薬剤供給手段６５の動作を制御する。動作制御例を以下に示した。
【００５６】
計量時において、バルブ手段６２，６３，６４は閉に設定される。このとき、駆動源６０６の一定時間（例えば２０秒）の運転によって、被処理物（例えば２ｋｇ程度）がパイプコンベア６０５によって計量ホッパー６０に供給される。その後、駆動源６０６を停止させ、被処理物の投入を中断する。ここで、計量センサー６１は、投入された被処理物の質量（例えば重量）を計量する。計量された値は、制御手段６６に供給され、積算且つメモリされる。その後、バルブ手段６２，６３は開に設定され、計量された被処理物は継ぎ手６３１内に移動する。次いで、バルブ手段６２，６３は閉に、バルブ手段６４は開に設定され、継ぎ手６３１内の被処理物は乾燥炉２などの加熱処理炉内に導入される。尚、制御手段６６において、計量ホッパー６０に導入された被処理物の充填量をレベルセンサーなどで計測することで、１日当たり処理する汚泥の容積（ｍ^３／日）の算出が可能となる。
【００５７】
図７は、１時間当たりの被処理物の積算処理量を制御する例を示す。図は、単位時間当たりの処理量の設定値Ｗ_Ｓを１８０ｋｇ／時とした場合の被処理物の投入量と処理量設定値との関係を示している。横軸は時間Ｔを示し、縦軸は単位時間当たりの処理量Ｗを示す。Ａは１回当たりの投入量（基準量）、２Ａは２回目、ｎＡはｎ回目の投入と夫々の積算量（点線）を示す。図示されたように、投入ｎＡ回目において積算処理量が設定値に満たない場合は被処理物の投入が継続されるが、次の回の投入時で設定値を超過する場合、１時間にならないｔ_１で、被処理物の投入が打ち切られる。そして、１時間経過後のｔ_２で、再び被処理物の投入が開始される。
【００５８】
次に、図５記載の加熱処理施設の動作例について説明する。
【００５９】
先ず、被処理物は、計量供給手段１によって単位時間当たりの質量が一定量（例えば、１０ｍ^３／日未満）に制御されながら、乾燥炉２に供給される。被処理物の投入量が１０ｍ^３／日未満に設定されているので、乾燥炉６は、処理量の把握が確実となり、加熱処理が安定し、また乾燥施設としての法的手続が簡略なものとなる。
【００６０】
乾燥炉２では、被処理物は、例えば１００℃以上（加熱温度は３５０〜６５０℃）の雰囲気及び一定の滞留時間（例えば約３０分間）のもとで、乾燥処理される。このとき、被処理物に含有する水分が水蒸気として放出される。水蒸気は、排出側ダクト２３から後述のガス燃焼炉５に移送される。乾燥処理物は、表２に示したような成分となっており、排出側ダクト２３から回収された後、土壌改良剤等の各種の原料として再利用等に供される。尚、加熱ジャケット２２から排出された熱風ガスは、一部利用のために熱風炉４に返送される。
【００６１】
図８は、本発明の第二の実施形態を示した概略図である。
【００６２】
本実施形態では、乾燥炉２にて乾燥処理した被処理物を加熱加工炉に供して加熱処理し、該被処理物に含まれる有機成分、油分及び吸着材を熱分解により炭化処理している。このとき、被処理物を各加熱処理形態に供するにあたり、被処理物の質量を計量し、この計量結果に基づき、一定量の被処理物を後段の加熱処理形態に供している。このことにより、各加熱処理形態における被処理物の処理量が把握でき、加熱処理は安定し、各処理形態に係る加熱炉は個別の法適用を受けることができる。尚、図５記載の手段と同様な構成の手段には、当該手段と同一の符号を付して、その説明は適宜省略した。
【００６３】
計量供給手段１は、被処理物（油分含有廃液に吸着材を添加して得たゲル状物質）を一定量に乾燥炉２に供給する手段で、図６で開示した計量供給手段と同様の構成をなす。尚、薬剤の添加は後述の計量供給手段３００にて行う。
【００６４】
乾燥炉２は、被処理物を乾燥処理するための手段で、前記実施形態の乾燥炉２と同様の構成をなす。
【００６５】
熱分解炉３は、乾燥炉２にて乾燥処理し水分除去した被処理物をさらに加熱処理し、該被処理物に含まれる有機成分、油分及び吸着材を熱分解により炭化処理する手段である。熱分解炉３は、回転キルン方式を採用し、乾燥炉２と同様の構成をなし、回転炉３１と加熱ジャケット３２とを備える。回転炉３１は、３５０〜６５０℃で加熱される。
【００６６】
熱分解炉３で発生した残渣は、固定炭素が主成分となっており、経路３１１を介して系外移送され回収される。
【００６７】
乾燥炉２と熱分解炉３は、図示されたように、熱分解炉３の供給口側が乾燥炉２の排出口側と連絡するように配置される。このとき、乾燥炉２の排出口側と熱分解炉３の供給口側には、これら排出口側と供給口側を覆って連通する連絡ダクト３０が設けられる。連絡ダクト３０は、乾燥炉２と熱分解炉３にて発生した水蒸気及び熱分解ガスを系外に移送（ここではガス燃焼炉６に移送）するための経路が接続されている。図においては、連絡ダクト３０に、主に水蒸気を移送するための経路３０１と、主に熱分解ガスを移送する３０２と、が接続されている。経路３０１，３０２は、熱ガスによって適宜保温され、浮遊物が導管内壁に付着するのを防いでいる。
【００６８】
また、連絡ダクト３０には、一定量の被処理物を熱分解炉３に間欠的に供給すると共に前記薬剤を添加する計量供給手段３００を具備している。計量供給手段３００は、計量供給手段１と同様の構成のものが採用する。
【００６９】
熱風炉４は、熱風ガスを供給する手段で、図７に示した熱風炉と同様の構成をなす。熱風ガスは、熱分解炉３の加熱ジャケット３２に供給され、回転炉３１を加熱した後、乾燥炉２の加熱ジャケット２２内に供給される。このように、乾燥炉２内に導入された被処理物は乾燥処理され、熱分解炉３内に導入された被処理物は熱分解処理される。
【００７０】
ガス燃焼炉５は、乾燥炉２及び熱分解炉３で発生した水蒸気や熱分解ガスを燃焼処理する（例えば、約８５０℃、約２秒間）。ここで、水蒸気は経路３０１を介してエゼクタ５１ａによって導入し、熱分解ガスは経路３０２を介してエゼクタ５１ｂによって導入している。このとき、新鮮な空気が適宜導入される。また、加熱ジャケット２２から排出された熱風ガスの一部が、エゼクト駆動ガスとして利用されている。
【００７１】
ガス燃焼炉５は、導入したガスを燃焼するガス燃焼室を備える。このとき、熱分解ガスが充分発生している場合には、燃焼バーナー５０による燃焼は、燃料の供給を調整することにより適宜調節される。ガス燃焼炉５にて処理したガスは、空気を冷却媒体とする気体−気体熱交換方式の熱交換器５２によって冷却処理した後、バグフィルタ５３を経て、ブロア５４によって煙突５５から系外に排出させている。尚、熱交換器５２にて、加熱された空気は、熱風炉４での熱風ガスの生成に供される。
【００７２】
当該加熱処理施設の動作例について説明する。
【００７３】
先ず、被処理物は、計量供給手段１によって単位時間当たりの質量が一定量（例えば、１０ｍ^３／日未満、含水率７７％で換算された約８ｔ程度）に制御されながら、乾燥炉１に供給される。被処理物の投入量が１０ｍ^３／日未満に設定されているので、乾燥炉２は、加熱処理が安定し、また乾燥施設としての法的手続が簡略なものとなる。
【００７４】
乾燥炉２は約３５０〜６５０℃で外部から加熱され、被処理物が例えば１００℃以上の雰囲気及び一定の滞留時間（例えば約３０分間）のもとで乾燥処理されて、乾物が得られる。このとき、被処理物に含有する水分は、水蒸気として放出される。水蒸気は、経路３０１を介してガス燃焼炉６に導入されて燃焼する。
【００７５】
乾燥炉２にて乾燥処理された被処理物は、連絡ダクト３０に設置された計量供給手段３００によって単位時間当たりの質量が一定量（例えば、２００ｋｇ／時未満）に制御されながら熱分解炉３に搬送される。被処理物の投入量が２００ｋｇ／時未満に設定されているので、熱分解炉３は、加熱処理が安定し、また焼却施設としての法的手続が簡略なものとなる。
【００７６】
熱分解炉３では、被処理物が例えば約３５０〜６５０℃の加熱により乾留処理される。このとき、被処理物の有機成分、油分及び吸着材が熱分解によって炭化処理されて、炭化物が得られる。また、被処理物に含有するハロゲン成分及び硫黄成分等の有害物質は、添加した薬剤によって無害な無機塩等の物質に変換される。さらに、他の分解析出成分は、熱分解ガスとして、経路３０２を介して、ガス燃焼炉６に供され、一定の雰囲気及び滞留時間のもとで（例えば、約８５０℃の雰囲気で、２秒以上の滞留時間）、燃焼処理される。得られた炭化物は、再利用のために系外移送される。回収した炭化物は、土壌改良剤、融雪剤、融氷剤、凝集剤、吸着剤等として再利用できる。
【００７７】
【発明の効果】
以上の説明から明らかなように、本発明の処理方法とその施設においては、油水がエマルジョン化した油分含有廃液を、吸着材と接触させて、取り扱い容易な被処理物に加工し、この被処理物から水分と油分とを別々の工程にて除去しているので、油分を構成する炭素成分を効率的に回収することができる。
【００７８】
また、得られた炭素成分は、脱臭剤、土壌改良剤、融雪剤、融氷剤、凝集剤、吸着剤などとして循環再利用できる。よって、本発明は油分含有廃液を有効利用できる。
【００７９】
さらに、各加熱処理工程に被処理物を供給する際、被処理物の質量を計量しているので、各処理工程における処理量を明確に把握することができ、各処理形態に係る加熱処理装置は個別の法適用を受けることが可能となると共に、安定した加熱処理が実現する。これにより、加熱処理施設の過剰設備を回避することができ、イニシャルコスト及びランニングコストは抑制される。
【００８０】
また、被処理物に、該被処理物質から分解析出する有害物質と接触反応して該有機物質を除去する薬剤を、添加混合することにより、有害ガスやダイオキシン類の発生も抑制できる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の概念を示した概略図。
【図２】本発明の油分含有廃液処理システムの概略図。
【図３】吸油水手段の動作例を説明した概略説明図。
【図４】本発明に係る加熱処理方法のフローを示した概略図
【図５】本発明の第一の実施形態を示した概略図。
【図６】計量供給手段の実施形態を示した概略図。
【図７】制御手段の制御実行例を示した説明図。
【図８】本発明の第二の実施形態を示した概略図。
【図９】従来の処理形態を示した概略図。
【符号の説明】
１，３００…計量供給手段、６０…計量ホッパー、６１…計量センサー、６２，６３，６４…バルブ手段、６６…制御手段、６２１…フレキシブル継ぎ手、６３１…継ぎ手、６０１…ホッパー、６０２，６０５…パイプコンベア、６０３，６０７…排出口、６０４…貯留ホッパー、６０６…駆動源
６５…薬剤供給手段、６５１…薬剤貯留部、６５２…バルブ手段
１１…吸油水手段、１１０…廃液貯留ピット、１１１…吸着材供給手段、１１２…ピット
２…乾燥炉
３…熱分解炉
４…熱風炉
５…ガス燃焼炉[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is to heat-treat an oil-containing waste liquid discharged from a deoxidizing step in a refining step of various oils (animal and vegetable oils, mineral oils, etc.) to recover useful substances, improve a soil improving agent, a snow melting agent, The present invention relates to a technology for recycling as an icing agent, a flocculant, an adsorbent, and the like.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In the process of refining various oils (animal and vegetable oils, mineral oils, etc.), waste liquid containing oil is generated. For example, in the deoxidizing step, an alkaline agent such as sodium hydroxide is used, and the waste liquid is treated as industrial waste.
[0003]
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing a conventional treatment form, and is an example of treatment of industrial waste generated in a process of refining vegetable oil such as soybean. Here, the recovered waste liquid and the recovered decoloring agent generated in the deoxidizing step and the decolorizing step are treated as industrial waste. The waste liquid contains about 70% by weight of water, and also contains fatty acid salts and oil.
[0004]
In the conventional waste liquid containing oil, oil water is emulsified, and is generally treated as waste water. As specific means, for example, JP-A-2000-271593 and JP-A-5-245479 are known.
[0005]
Further, examples of the waste liquid regeneration treatment method include JP-A-2001-354993, JP-A-10-182518, and JP-A-10-182518.
[0006]
Further, as a method of turning waste liquid into fuel, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-219886 and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-235573 are known.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The waste liquid containing fatty acids is complicated to handle because the oil water is emulsified. Moreover, wastewater treatment is not preferable from the viewpoint of effective use of resources. On the other hand, even if the wastewater is recycled or used as fuel, there is a problem in terms of cost and stability of quality.
[0008]
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a method for heat-treating an oil-containing waste liquid, which can reuse the oil-containing waste liquid, and to provide a facility therefor.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is characterized by the following.
[0010]
The invention according to claim 1 is a method for treating an oil-containing waste liquid,
A step of adding an adsorbent to the oil-containing waste liquid,
A drying step of subjecting the object to be treated obtained by adding the adsorbent to the oil-containing waste liquid to heat treatment to remove water from the substance;
A thermal decomposition step of further heat-treating the object from which water has been removed in the drying step to thermally decompose an organic component, an oil component, and an adsorbent from the substance.
[0011]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the method for treating an oil-containing waste liquid according to the first aspect, when the object to be treated is subjected to the thermal decomposition step, the harmful substance is contacted with a harmful substance decomposed and precipitated from the object to be treated. The method is characterized by adding and mixing an agent for removing the substance to the object.
[0012]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the method for treating an oil-containing waste liquid according to the first or second aspect, the adsorbent is made of a material that adsorbs moisture and / or oil.
[0013]
The invention according to claim 4 is a treatment facility for an oil-containing waste liquid,
An object to be treated obtained by adding an adsorbent to an oil-containing waste liquid is supplied, and a drying furnace for heating and removing water from the substance is provided,
And a pyrolysis furnace that further heat-treats the object from which moisture has been removed in a drying furnace and thermally decomposes organic components, oil components, and adsorbents from the substance.
[0014]
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the treatment facility for oil-containing waste liquid according to the fourth aspect, an object to be processed is supplied to the drying furnace by a mono pump or a pipe conveyor.
[0015]
According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the treatment facility for an oil-containing waste liquid according to the fourth or fifth aspect, steam and a pyrolysis gas decomposed and precipitated in a drying furnace or a pyrolysis furnace are supplied, and the gas for burning and processing the steam is supplied. A combustion furnace is provided.
[0016]
According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the heat treatment facility for an oil-containing waste liquid according to any one of the fourth to sixth aspects, a mass of the object to be treated is provided on the side of the object to be treated provided in the drying furnace and the pyrolysis furnace. And a metering / supplying unit for supplying a constant amount of the object to be processed to the drying furnace and the pyrolysis furnace based on the result of the integration.
[0017]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
The inventor conducted experiments on drying and carbonization using an oil-containing waste liquid as an object to be processed in creating the present invention. As a test sample, a deacidified waste liquid containing soybean oil (including fatty acids) was used.
(1) Drying Experiment 50 g of a test sample was placed in a metal container and heated in an electric furnace, and the dry matter obtained at this time was analyzed. Drying conditions were a heating temperature of 110 ° C. for 48 hours. The dry matter was subjected to mass spectrometry (by EPMA).
[0018]
According to the results of mass spectrometry, the mass of the obtained dry matter was 11.5 g and the residual ratio was 23 mass% with respect to 50 g of the test sample (water content: 77%, specific gravity: 0.99 kg / l, pH: 7 to 8). Was.
(2) Carbonization treatment experiment 11.5 g of a test sample (dry matter obtained under the treatment conditions of (1)) was placed in a metal container and heated in an electric furnace. Analysis was carried out. The carbonization condition was a heating temperature of 600 ° C. for 2 hours. Mass spectrometry (by EPMA) was performed for carbides, and the concentrations of HCl, SO ₂ , and NO + NO ₂ were checked for generated gases. The generated gas was measured by a detector tube (JIS-K0804). The experimental results are shown below.
[0019]
1) Results of mass spectrometry of carbide The mass of carbide obtained from 11.5 g of the test sample (dry matter) was 0.15 g, and the residual ratio was 3% by mass based on the mass at the time of starting (50 g).
[0020]
2) Detection result of generated gas
[Table 1]

[0022]
As is clear from the table, HCl was detected at a maximum of 1 ppm under the atmosphere at 400 ° C. Under an atmosphere of 90 ° C., SO ₂ was detected at a maximum of 3 ppm. NO + NO ₂ was detected at 10 ppm under an atmosphere of 100 ° C. or lower. From these results, it can be seen that it is desirable to add a chemical for removing substances such as halogen compounds and sulfur compounds in the heat treatment of the oil-containing treatment target (deoxidized waste liquid) of the sample.
(3) Comparison of content components Table 2 shows the results of analysis of the content components of the processed product obtained in each heat treatment step (average value of two samples). Here, the results of component analysis of the processed product obtained by the drying process and the carbonization process are shown. In the drying treatment, the substrate was treated in a drying furnace at 110 ° C. for 48 hours. In the carbonization treatment, treatment was performed in an electric furnace at 600 ° C. for 2 hours. The component analysis was performed by EPMA (unit is% by mass).
[0023]
[Table 2]

[0024]
The dry matter has a high carbon content because it contains oil, but it has viscosity, but as is clear from the results in Table 2, by carbonization, the oil and other organic substances are removed and can be recovered as a substance with a high phosphorus content. Was confirmed.
[0025]
An embodiment of the present invention created based on the above experimental results will be described.
[0026]
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the concept of the present invention.
[0027]
In the present invention, an oil-containing waste liquid obtained by emulsifying oil-water is brought into contact with an adsorbent to be processed into an easy-to-handle object (gel-like substance). Then, the object is subjected to a heat treatment. As is clear from the above experimental results, the carbon component obtained by the heat treatment can be reused as a deodorant, a soil conditioner, a snow melting agent, an ice melting agent, a flocculant, an adsorbent and the like. When a phosphorus component is contained, it can be reused as a soil conditioner or a fertilizer.
[0028]
The oil-water type containing waste liquid includes a water-in-oil type in which the oil component is a continuous phase and the water is a dispersed phase, and an oil-in-water type in which the water component is a continuous phase and the oil component is a dispersed phase. Therefore, as the material of the adsorbent, a material having a water adsorbing property, an oil adsorbing property, and a water and oil adsorbing property may be appropriately selected.
[0029]
As the adsorbent, there is an adsorbent containing one or both of an organic material and an inorganic material. At this time, it is desirable that no harmful substance component such as halogen is contained. In the drying step, since heating is performed in an atmosphere of 100 to 150 ° C., it is desirable that the material does not melt in this atmosphere. The organic material includes, for example, protein, cellulose, various grain husks, sawdust, starch, and the like. There are natural organic products. The organic material includes a water-insoluble and water-soluble polymer material. Examples of the non-water-soluble fiber materials include polypropylene, polyethylene, polystyrene, and polyamide fiber materials. As the water-soluble material, a polymer absorbent used for portable toilets, diapers, and the like is employed. For example, there are self-crosslinkable alkali metal acrylate polymers and those having a carboxyl group. Examples of the inorganic material include mineral-origin substances such as vermiculite, pearlite, and volcanic ash, and regenerated clay, alumina, and silica gel, and more preferably, processed waste.
[0030]
The adsorbent is formed so that the contact area with the liquid phase can be as large as possible. At this time, it may be formed in a shape that can be transported by a pump, for example, a sheet or powder. For example, an adsorbent containing a polymer compound is formed in a sheet shape (non-woven cloth), a thread shape, or the like, and an adsorbent containing an inorganic compound is formed in a granular shape.
[0031]
FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing an oil-containing waste liquid treatment system of the present invention.
[0032]
The oil-absorbing water means 11 is a means for bringing the oil-containing waste liquid into contact with the adsorbent, and has a pit 112 for temporarily retaining the introduced oil-containing waste liquid and the adsorbent. Although not shown, a stirring means is appropriately provided in the pit 112.
[0033]
The oil waste liquid is sucked from the waste liquid storage pit 110 by the pump P1 and introduced by the valve means V1. When a large amount of waste liquid is to be treated, the waste liquid is further supplied to another oil-absorbing water means by the valve means V0.
[0034]
On the other hand, the adsorbent is introduced by the adsorbent supply means 111. As the adsorbent supply means 111, any known means can be used as long as it can supply a sheet-like nonwoven cloth, a thread-like or a powdery adsorbent, and for example, a hopper device or a feeder device is employed.
[0035]
The waste liquid gelled by the contact with the adsorbent in the oil-absorbing water means 11 is supplied as an object to be treated to a heating treatment facility to be described later via a line (A) by a valve means V2 and a pump P2, and is subjected to a drying treatment and a carbonization treatment. Is done. If there is another solid substance to be processed together, it is additionally supplied via the line (B). The object to be dried or carbonized is recovered for various kinds of reuse. On the other hand, steam and pyrolysis gas generated in the heat treatment process are supplied to a gas combustion furnace 5 described below to be detoxified, and then released to the atmosphere from a chimney 55 by a blower 54 through a heat exchanger 52 and a bag filter 53. Is done.
[0036]
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an operation example of the oil absorbing water means.
[0037]
Here, the waste liquid is introduced in a batch system, but the introduction form of the waste liquid is not limited to this. First, in the adsorbent introduction step (FIG. 3A), the valve means V2 is controlled to be closed and the pump P2 is controlled to be stopped, and a fixed amount of adsorbent is injected into the pit 112 by the adsorbent supply means 111. Next, in the oil-containing waste liquid introduction step (FIG. 3B), a certain amount of the oil-containing waste liquid is injected from the storage pit 110 into the pit 112. At this time, the stirring means is operated for a certain time to stir the liquid phase in the pit 112. In the discharge step (FIG. 3C), the valve means V2 is opened, the pump P2 is controlled to operate, and the gelled waste liquid is supplied to the heat treatment facility.
[0038]
FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically showing a heat treatment mode according to the present invention. First, the gelled object is measured and integrated, and is introduced into a first step (drying step) so that the integrated value does not exceed a certain value. Next, while collecting and measuring the mass of the dried substance obtained in the drying step (first step) for removing moisture by heating the object to be treated, the accumulated value does not exceed a predetermined value. The dried substance is supplied to the next step of thermal decomposition (second step) to perform a thermal decomposition treatment of the organic components, oils and adsorbent contained in the substance. At this time, the heating temperature is 350 to 650 ° C. from the outside so that the furnace temperature becomes 100 ° C. or higher when removing the water. In addition, heating is performed at 350 to 650 ° C. in removing organic components and oil components and separating the adsorbent. The processed products obtained in the first and second steps are collected and provided for reuse.
[0039]
When the oil-containing waste liquid contains a halogen component or a sulfur component, a chemical is appropriately added to the dried object to be treated. The chemical reacts with a harmful substance such as a halogen component or a sulfur component to form a harmless chloride (inorganic chloride).
[0040]
As the medicine, for example, those obtained by applying at least one of alkali metals, alkali metal compounds, alkaline earth metals, and alkaline earth metal compounds, or a mixture of two or more of them, which have been previously filed by the inventor, are effective. It is.
[0041]
Alkali metals include lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium or francium. These compounds include, for example, oxides, hydroxides, bicarbonates, carbonates, silicates, aluminates, nitrates and sulfates. Specific examples of the agent include sodium hydrogen carbonate, sodium carbonate, sodium sesquicarbonate, natural soda, potassium carbonate, potassium hydrogen carbonate, sodium potassium carbonate, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide and the like. Note that sodium bicarbonate is referred to as acidic sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, or sodium bicarbonate. Sodium carbonate is also referred to as sodium carbonate, soda, soda ash, laundry soda or crystalline soda. Sodium sesquicarbonate is also referred to as sodium monohydrogen dicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate or sodium sesquicarbonate. Natural soda is also called trona.
[0042]
In addition, examples of the alkaline earth metal include calcium, strontium, barium, and radium. Examples of the compound include oxides, hydroxides, hydrogen carbonates, carbonates, and the like. Specific examples of the drug include lime (CaO), slaked lime (Ca (OH) ₂ ), calcium carbonate (CaCO ₃ ), and dolomide (CaCO ₃ .MgCO ₃ ).
[0043]
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing the first embodiment of the present invention.
[0044]
In the present embodiment, the object to be treated (a gel-like substance obtained by adding an adsorbent to an oil-containing waste liquid) obtained by the oil-absorbing water means 11 is dried in the drying furnace 2. At this time, when the object is supplied to the drying furnace 2, the mass of the object is measured, and a constant amount of the object is supplied based on the measurement result. Thus, the processing amount of the object to be processed in the drying process can be grasped, the heating process is stabilized, and the drying furnace 2 can be applied to the law as a drying facility.
[0045]
The metering / supplying unit 1 measures the mass of the object to be treated introduced from the oil-absorbing water means 11, integrates the result of the measurement for each unit time, and intermittently supplies a constant amount of the object to be processed in the drying furnace 2 in the next step. Means for supplying The metering supply means 1 will be described later in detail. As an introduction form of the article to be treated, it is introduced into the drying furnace 2 by a mono pump as shown in the line (A). In addition, when oily water is adsorbed on the solid adsorbent, it is necessary to crush the adsorbent, which is introduced after crushing by the crushing means 11 as shown in the line (B).
[0046]
The drying furnace 2 is a means for evaporating water contained in the object to be dried and performing a drying treatment. The drying kiln 2 employs a rotary kiln system, and a rotatable rotary furnace 21 and a gas duct formed on the outer periphery of the rotary furnace 21. A heating jacket 22 serving as external heating means for externally heating the rotary furnace 21 by introducing hot air gas, a support roller for rotatably supporting the rotary furnace 22 at both ends, and a rotary drive source for rotating the rotary furnace 22 And The hot blast gas is introduced from the hot blast stove 4.
[0047]
The rotary furnace 21 is provided at one end thereof with a supply port side (not shown) for loading the object to be processed, and at the other end side with a discharge port side (not shown). A plurality of feed blades are provided. Then, the workpiece supplied from the supply duct 20 is introduced into the rotary furnace 21 from the supply port side, and the rotation of the rotary furnace 21 allows the workpiece to be transferred to the discharge port while stirring the workpiece. And
[0048]
The hot blast stove 4 is provided with a combustion burner 40 for generating hot blast gas by means for supplying hot blast gas (for example, at a temperature of about 350 to 650 ° C.). The generated hot gas is supplied into the heating jacket 22 of the drying furnace 2. At this time, air for temperature adjustment is injected into the hot air gas, and the gas temperature is appropriately adjusted. In this way, the object to be processed in the rotary furnace 21 is subjected to the drying process.
[0049]
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing an embodiment of the metering / supplying means.
[0050]
The metering supply unit 1 includes a metering hopper 60. The weighing hopper 60 includes a weighing sensor 61 and valve means 62, to which the valve means 13 is connected via a flexible joint 621. Further, the valve means 64 is connected to the valve means 63 via a joint 631. The valve means 62, 63, 64 open and close based on a control signal from the control means 66. In the weighing hopper 60, a buffer tank is appropriately provided on the processing object supply side.
[0051]
The heat treatment furnace to which the object to be treated is supplied restricts air introduction and sucks and discharges generated steam and pyrolysis gas, so that the inside of the furnace has a negative pressure. Therefore, it is difficult for the weighing hopper 60 to measure accurately under the influence of the negative pressure. Therefore, the measuring and supplying means in the present invention has a configuration in which the valve means 62 is connected to the object discharge side of the measuring hopper 60, the flexible joint 621 is connected thereto, and the valve means 63, 64 and the joint 631 are assembled. Has become. With this configuration, accurate measurement of the object to be processed is possible.
[0052]
The weighing sensor 61 is a sensor that measures the mass of the processing target introduced into the weighing hopper 60. The weighing sensor 61 includes, for example, a load cell. The mass measured by the weighing sensor 61 is supplied to the control means 66 as a measurement signal.
[0053]
In the present embodiment, the metering / supplying unit 1 includes a receiving hopper 601 for receiving the workpiece and a storage hopper 604 for temporarily storing the workpiece in the workpiece supply line. Here, between the receiving hopper 601, the storage hopper 604, and the metering / supplying unit 1, pipe conveyors 602 and 605 for transporting the workpiece are provided, respectively. The pipe conveyor 602 has a discharge port 603 for guiding the object to be processed to the storage hopper 604. The pipe conveyor 605 is provided with a discharge port 607 for guiding the object to be processed to the metering / supplying means 1 and is provided with a drive source 606. In the pipe conveyor 605, a medicine supply means 65 is provided upstream of the discharge port 607, and a medicine is appropriately added to the object.
[0054]
The drug supply unit 65 includes a drug storage unit 651 and a valve unit 652, and adds a predetermined amount of the drug to the object to be processed by operation control by the control unit 66.
[0055]
The control means 66 has a storage and arithmetic processing function, and controls the operations of the valve means 62, 63, 64, the drive source 606, and the medicine supply means 65 by arithmetic processing based on the measurement signal supplied from the weighing sensor 61. An example of operation control is shown below.
[0056]
During the measurement, the valve means 62, 63, 64 are set closed. At this time, the object to be processed (for example, about 2 kg) is supplied to the weighing hopper 60 by the pipe conveyor 605 by the operation of the drive source 606 for a fixed time (for example, 20 seconds). After that, the driving source 606 is stopped, and the charging of the processing object is interrupted. Here, the weighing sensor 61 weighs the mass (for example, the weight) of the input workpiece. The measured values are supplied to the control means 66, where they are integrated and stored. Thereafter, the valve means 62 and 63 are set to open, and the weighed object moves into the joint 631. Next, the valve means 62 and 63 are set to be closed and the valve means 64 is set to be open, and the object to be processed in the joint 631 is introduced into a heating furnace such as the drying furnace 2. The control means 66 can calculate the volume (m ³ / day) of sludge to be treated per day by measuring the amount of the object to be treated introduced into the weighing hopper 60 by a level sensor or the like.
[0057]
FIG. 7 shows an example in which the integrated processing amount of the processing object per hour is controlled. Figure shows the relationship between the input amount and the processing amount set value of the object in a case where the set value W _S of the processing amount per unit time was 180 kg / hr. The horizontal axis indicates the time T, and the vertical axis indicates the processing amount W per unit time. A indicates the input amount per reference (reference amount), 2A indicates the second input, and nA indicates the n-th input and the integrated amount of each (dotted line). As shown in the drawing, if the integrated processing amount is less than the set value at the time of the input nA, the input of the processing object is continued, but if the set value is exceeded at the next input, the time does not reach one hour. in t _1, introduction of the treatment object is aborted. Then, at 1 hour after t _2, introduction of the treatment object is started again.
[0058]
Next, an operation example of the heat treatment facility shown in FIG. 5 will be described.
[0059]
First, the object to be treated is supplied to the drying furnace 2 while the mass per unit time is controlled to a fixed amount (for example, less than 10 m ³ / day) by the metering means 1. Since the input amount of the object to be processed is set to less than 10 m ³ / day, the drying furnace 6 can reliably grasp the processing amount, stabilize the heat treatment, and simplify the legal procedure as a drying facility. It becomes.
[0060]
In the drying furnace 2, the object to be processed is subjected to a drying treatment under an atmosphere of, for example, 100 ° C. or more (heating temperature is 350 to 650 ° C.) and a certain residence time (for example, about 30 minutes). At this time, the moisture contained in the object is released as water vapor. The water vapor is transferred from the discharge side duct 23 to the gas combustion furnace 5 described later. The dried product has the components shown in Table 2, and after being recovered from the discharge duct 23, it is reused as various raw materials such as a soil conditioner. The hot-air gas discharged from the heating jacket 22 is returned to the hot-air furnace 4 for partial use.
[0061]
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing a second embodiment of the present invention.
[0062]
In the present embodiment, the object to be processed which has been dried in the drying furnace 2 is supplied to a heating processing furnace to be subjected to a heat treatment, and the organic component, oil and adsorbent contained in the object to be processed are carbonized by thermal decomposition. . At this time, when the object is subjected to each heat treatment mode, the mass of the object is weighed, and based on the measurement result, a fixed amount of the object is supplied to the subsequent heat treatment mode. Thus, the processing amount of the object to be processed in each heat treatment mode can be grasped, the heat treatment is stabilized, and the heating furnace according to each heat treatment mode can be applied to an individual method. Note that means having the same configuration as the means shown in FIG. 5 are denoted by the same reference numerals as the corresponding means, and description thereof will be omitted as appropriate.
[0063]
The metering / supplying unit 1 is a unit for supplying a constant amount of a substance to be treated (a gel-like substance obtained by adding an adsorbent to an oil-containing waste liquid) to the drying furnace 2, and is similar to the metering / supplying unit disclosed in FIG. Make up the configuration. The addition of the drug is performed by the metering means 300 described later.
[0064]
The drying furnace 2 is a means for drying the object to be processed, and has a configuration similar to that of the drying furnace 2 of the embodiment.
[0065]
The thermal decomposition furnace 3 is a means for subjecting the object to be dried, which has been subjected to the drying treatment in the drying furnace 2 to remove moisture, to a further heat treatment and carbonizing the organic component, oil and adsorbent contained in the object to be treated by thermal decomposition. . The pyrolysis furnace 3 employs a rotary kiln system, has the same configuration as the drying furnace 2, and includes a rotary furnace 31 and a heating jacket 32. The rotary furnace 31 is heated at 350 to 650 ° C.
[0066]
The residue generated in the pyrolysis furnace 3 is mainly composed of fixed carbon, and is transported outside the system via a path 311 and collected.
[0067]
The drying furnace 2 and the pyrolysis furnace 3 are arranged such that the supply port side of the pyrolysis furnace 3 communicates with the discharge port side of the drying furnace 2 as illustrated. At this time, a communication duct 30 is provided on the discharge port side of the drying furnace 2 and the supply port side of the pyrolysis furnace 3 so as to cover and communicate with the discharge port side and the supply port side. The communication duct 30 is connected to a path for transferring steam and pyrolysis gas generated in the drying furnace 2 and the pyrolysis furnace 3 to outside the system (here, to the gas combustion furnace 6). In the figure, a passage 301 for mainly transferring steam and a 302 for mainly transferring pyrolysis gas are connected to the communication duct 30. The paths 301 and 302 are appropriately kept warm by the hot gas to prevent the suspended matter from adhering to the inner wall of the conduit.
[0068]
Further, the communication duct 30 includes a metering / supplying unit 300 for intermittently supplying a fixed amount of the object to be treated to the pyrolysis furnace 3 and adding the chemical. As the measuring and supplying means 300, one having the same configuration as the measuring and supplying means 1 is employed.
[0069]
The hot blast stove 4 is a means for supplying hot blast gas and has the same configuration as the hot blast stove shown in FIG. The hot blast gas is supplied to the heating jacket 32 of the pyrolysis furnace 3, and after heating the rotary furnace 31, is supplied into the heating jacket 22 of the drying furnace 2. As described above, the object introduced into the drying furnace 2 is dried, and the object introduced into the pyrolysis furnace 3 is subjected to the thermal decomposition.
[0070]
The gas combustion furnace 5 burns steam and pyrolysis gas generated in the drying furnace 2 and the pyrolysis furnace 3 (for example, at about 850 ° C. for about 2 seconds). Here, the steam is introduced by the ejector 51a via the path 301, and the pyrolysis gas is introduced by the ejector 51b via the path 302. At this time, fresh air is appropriately introduced. In addition, a part of the hot air gas discharged from the heating jacket 22 is used as an eject driving gas.
[0071]
The gas combustion furnace 5 includes a gas combustion chamber for burning the introduced gas. At this time, when the pyrolysis gas is sufficiently generated, the combustion by the combustion burner 50 is appropriately adjusted by adjusting the fuel supply. The gas processed in the gas combustion furnace 5 is cooled by a gas-gas heat exchange type heat exchanger 52 using air as a cooling medium, and then discharged through a bag filter 53 through a chimney 55 by a blower 54 to the outside of the system. Let me. The air heated in the heat exchanger 52 is used for generating hot air gas in the hot air stove 4.
[0072]
An operation example of the heat treatment facility will be described.
[0073]
First, the object to be treated is supplied to the drying furnace 1 while the mass per unit time is controlled by the metering / supplying means 1 to a constant amount (for example, less than 10 m ³ / day, and about 8 t converted to a water content of 77%). Supplied. Since the input amount of the object to be treated is set to less than 10 m ³ / day, the drying furnace 2 has a stable heat treatment and a simplified legal procedure as a drying facility.
[0074]
The drying furnace 2 is externally heated at about 350 to 650 ° C., and the object to be processed is dried under an atmosphere of, for example, 100 ° C. or more and a certain residence time (for example, about 30 minutes) to obtain a dried product. At this time, the water contained in the object is released as water vapor. The steam is introduced into the gas combustion furnace 6 via the path 301 and burns.
[0075]
The object to be dried subjected to the drying process in the drying furnace 2 is supplied to the pyrolysis furnace 3 while the mass per unit time is controlled to a constant amount (for example, less than 200 kg / hour) by the metering means 300 provided in the communication duct 30. Transported to Since the input amount of the object to be treated is set to less than 200 kg / hour, the heat treatment of the pyrolysis furnace 3 is stabilized, and the legal procedure as an incineration facility is simplified.
[0076]
In the pyrolysis furnace 3, the object to be treated is subjected to dry distillation by heating at, for example, about 350 to 650 ° C. At this time, the organic component, the oil component, and the adsorbent of the object to be treated are carbonized by thermal decomposition to obtain a carbide. Further, harmful substances such as a halogen component and a sulfur component contained in the object to be treated are converted into harmless inorganic salts and the like by the added chemicals. Further, other decomposition and deposition components are supplied to the gas combustion furnace 6 via the path 302 as a pyrolysis gas, and under a constant atmosphere and a residence time (for example, at about 850 ° C. in an atmosphere of 2 ° C.). Combustion time). The obtained carbide is transported out of the system for reuse. The collected carbide can be reused as a soil conditioner, snow melting agent, ice melting agent, flocculant, adsorbent and the like.
[0077]
【The invention's effect】
As is clear from the above description, in the treatment method and the facility of the present invention, the oil-containing waste liquid in which the oil water is emulsified is brought into contact with the adsorbent to be processed into an easy-to-handle object. Since water and oil are removed from the material in separate steps, the carbon components constituting the oil can be efficiently recovered.
[0078]
Further, the obtained carbon component can be circulated and reused as a deodorant, a soil conditioner, a snow melting agent, an ice melting agent, a flocculant, an adsorbent, and the like. Therefore, the present invention can effectively utilize the oil-containing waste liquid.
[0079]
Furthermore, since the mass of the processing object is measured when supplying the processing object to each heating processing step, the processing amount in each processing step can be clearly grasped, and the heating processing apparatus according to each processing mode Can be applied to individual laws, and a stable heat treatment can be realized. Thereby, excess equipment of the heat treatment facility can be avoided, and the initial cost and the running cost are suppressed.
[0080]
In addition, the generation of harmful gases and dioxins can be suppressed by adding and mixing the agent to be treated with a chemical that removes the organic substance by contacting and reacting with the harmful substance decomposed and precipitated from the substance to be treated.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the concept of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an oil-containing waste liquid treatment system of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic explanatory view illustrating an operation example of an oil-absorbing water means.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a flow of a heat treatment method according to the present invention. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing an embodiment of the metering means.
FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing a control execution example of a control unit.
FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing a conventional processing mode.
[Explanation of symbols]
1,300 metering supply means, 60 metering hopper, 61 metering sensor, 62, 63, 64 valve means, 66 control means, 621 flexible joint, 631 joint, 601 hopper, 602, 605 pipe Conveyor, 603, 607 discharge port, 604 storage hopper, 606 drive source 65 drug supply means, 651 drug storage section, 652 valve means 11 oil absorption water means, 110 waste liquid storage pit, 111 adsorbent Supply means, 112 pit 2 drying furnace 3 pyrolysis furnace 4 hot blast furnace 5 gas combustion furnace

Claims (7)

A method for treating an oil-containing waste liquid, comprising:
A step of adding an adsorbent to the oil-containing waste liquid,
A drying step of subjecting the object to be treated obtained by adding the adsorbent to the oil-containing waste liquid to heat treatment to remove water from the substance;
A method for treating an oil-containing waste liquid, comprising: a thermal decomposition step of further subjecting an object to be treated, from which water has been removed in a drying step, to thermal decomposition of an organic component, an oil component and an adsorbent from the substance. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein, when subjecting the object to be subjected to the thermal decomposition step, an agent for contacting and reacting with a harmful substance decomposed and precipitated from the object to remove the harmful substance is added to and mixed with the object. A method for treating an oil-containing waste liquid as described in the above. The method for treating an oil-containing waste liquid according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the adsorbent is made of a material that adsorbs water and / or oil. An oil-containing waste liquid treatment facility,
An object to be treated obtained by adding an adsorbent to an oil-containing waste liquid is supplied, and a drying furnace for heating and removing water from the substance is provided,
An oil-containing waste liquid treatment facility, comprising: a pyrolysis furnace that further heat-treats an object to be processed from which moisture has been removed in a drying furnace to thermally decompose an organic component, an oil component, and an adsorbent from the substance. The wastewater treatment facility according to claim 4, wherein the drying furnace is supplied with the material to be processed by a mono pump or a pipe conveyor. The wastewater treatment facility for oil-containing waste liquid according to claim 4 or 5, further comprising a gas combustion furnace for supplying steam and pyrolysis gas decomposed and deposited in a drying furnace or a pyrolysis furnace and burning the same. . It is provided on the drying furnace and pyrolysis furnace on the supply side of the processing object. After measuring and integrating the weight of the processing object, the metering supply that supplies a certain amount of the processing object to the drying furnace and the pyrolysis furnace based on the integration result. The heat treatment facility for oil-containing waste liquid according to any one of claims 4 to 6, further comprising means.

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