JPH11333404A - Apparatus for treating harmful component-containing matter - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To control temperature as to decompose and deposit harmful components based on detection signals by installing sensors detecting the temperature and gas components in the inside of a heating furnace. SOLUTION: Harmful components are decomposed and deposited by thermal treatment of a object matter with a treatment agent of an alkali metal compound in a heating furnace 10 and at the same time, the harmful components are removed by reaction of the object matter with the treatment agent, and the remaining of the object matter after the removal of the harmful components is carbonized (incinerated) in another heating furnace 20 to decrease the volume, carbides including no harmful component are taken out and made reusable. In this case, a sensor installation apparatus 19 for detecting the temperature or gas components (concentration values) in the inside of the heating furnace is installed to directly detect the temperature and the gas components in the inside of the heating furnace, so that temperature control for decomposing and depositing the harmful components can be carried out.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a treatment apparatus for treating an object to be treated such as waste containing a large amount of harmful components such as halogen substances and sulfides by performing thermal treatment such as thermal decomposition. When decomposing and depositing harmful components (especially chlorine-based gas and sulfur oxidizing gas) contained in the object to be treated in the decomposition reaction step, it reacts with alkali metal compounds to generate harmful chlorides, which is harmful. To prevent the generation of undesired dioxins, detoxify the exhaust gas and detoxify the waste, and reduce the volume of the detoxified waste by carbonization or incineration to harm the residue. The present invention relates to a processing apparatus for preventing components from reacting and remaining, and more particularly to an apparatus provided with means for detecting a temperature or a gas component in a heat treatment in order to more reliably perform a detoxification treatment.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art General waste such as municipal waste, industrial waste, shredder dust, vinyl chloride and other wastes contain a large amount of halogen substances (chlorine, bromine, iodine, fluorine, astatine), especially chlorine components. If heat treatment such as incineration is performed, chlorine-based gas (hydrogen chloride,
Chlorine) is generated in large quantities, causing highly toxic dioxins to be generated in the generated gas (exhaust gas), residue after incineration (processed ash), and fly ash in the exhaust gas.

[0003] Further, objects to be treated, such as waste tires and sulfide-containing wastes such as styrofoam, are incinerated. The waste gas contains 5 to 10% by weight of a sulfide component. Therefore, when combusted, a large amount of sulfur oxide-based gas (SOx) is generated.

When waste is incinerated in an incinerator as a means for removing such harmful components, an alkaline substance (lime powder) is sprayed into the incinerator to make contact reaction with chlorine-based gas in exhaust gas generated by the incineration. To produce harmless chlorides (calcium chloride) to make the exhaust gas harmless (for example,
JP-A-54-93864).

In addition, a calcium-based alkali substance, for example, lime (CaCO ₃ ) slaked lime (Ca (OH) ₂ ) is added to incinerate, or these substances are loaded into a filter to allow SOx gas to pass therethrough. Can be removed by
JP-B-2-10341, JP-A-1-296007,
This is known from JP-A-59-12733.

[0006] These conventional techniques all attempt to remove harmful components in a post-process after once generating a gas of harmful components from an object to be treated.

[0007] Instead of incineration, there is also known a method of subjecting a substance to be treated to thermal decomposition (dry distillation) and reducing the volume of the residue after decomposition by carbonization or incineration.

[0008] As this processing method, pyrolysis is performed using a single rotary processing furnace (rotary kiln), the discharged residue is incinerated with a stoker, the pyrolysis gas is burned in a reburning chamber, and the generated high-temperature is generated. After passing the gas through a boiler or the like, the gas is guided to a reaction tower, where the slaked lime slurry is sprayed and reacted with the exhaust gas in the same manner as described above (for example, JP-A-5-33916).

Further, the waste is heat-treated by a low-temperature carbonization method in a rotary processing furnace to convert it into a low-temperature carbonized gas and a pyrolysis residue, which is burned in a high-temperature combustion furnace to produce a molten liquid slag. For cooling and solidifying it into a glassy state, and treating the generated gas with a boiler, a removal filter and a gas purifying device and discharging the gas (for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-510789).
Etc.

As another method, when an object to be treated is heat-treated in a heat treatment furnace, an appropriate amount of an alkaline additive which easily reacts with the chlorine component is mixed and heated to fix the chlorine component in the treated ash. A method has also been proposed in which harmless exhaust gas is obtained by converting the treated ash to a chlorine component by washing with water or the like (JP-A-9-155326).

[0011]

The above-mentioned method based on incineration treatment is a treatment at a place close to the generation source because the alkali substance is sprayed into the incinerator. After processing.

Therefore, according to this method, although the effect of removing the chlorine-based gas can be expected to some extent, it is difficult to sufficiently satisfy the emission standard values of various gases according to the revised laws and regulations.

[0013] Moreover, because of incineration, the reaction temperature is high, and it is difficult to maintain a stable reaction. Further, spraying a large amount adversely affects the original combustion (generation of unburned phenomena), making it difficult for incineration itself to satisfy the emission standard values of various gases according to laws and regulations.

Further, in the method by the dry distillation treatment, the object to be treated is thermally decomposed without burning, so that the instability factor as in an incinerator is easily removed. However, when the alkali substance is sprayed into the heat treatment furnace as in the incinerator, only the same effect as in the case of the incineration treatment can be expected.

In each of the above-mentioned treatment methods, when the exhaust gas contains a large amount of harmful components (particularly chlorine-based gas and sulfur oxide-based gas), the facilities such as the heat treatment furnace and the flue are significantly corroded. As a result, there is a possibility that the durability of the facility may be reduced, the exhaust gas may leak, etc., and maintenance may be difficult.

Further, in the case of waste containing a sulfide component, when a calcium-based alkali substance is added and incinerated, CaO or the like reacted with a sulfur oxide-based gas becomes CaSO ₄ (calcium sulfur), which is commonly called gypsum. When it absorbs moisture, it solidifies, making post-treatment extremely difficult.

In any of the above-mentioned processing methods, once a harmful component gas is generated from the object to be processed, a chlorine-based gas, a sulfur oxide-based gas, Since dioxins are removed, they cannot be sufficiently removed, and a problem has occurred.

In order to solve these problems, the applicant of the present application has proposed to mix an alkaline additive during the heat treatment (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-15532).
6).

In each of the above-mentioned treatment methods by dry distillation, the treatment for thermally decomposing the object to be treated to deposit a decomposition gas is performed in a single treatment furnace. In other words, the process is performed in a series of processes in which an object to be processed is supplied from one supply port of a single processing furnace and carbide is discharged from the other discharge port. In this series of processes,
Heating treatment (for example, 1 hour,
(300 ° C. to 600 ° C.), the processing of drying → pyrolysis → volume reduction (carbonization) of the object is continuously performed.

The temperature at which harmful components such as halogen substances are thermally decomposed and deposited from the material to be treated is 200 ° C. to 35 ° C.
At about 0 ° C., the harmful components and the treating agent react to form harmless salts, but some harmful components may be in an unreacted state.

Further, the object to be treated is agitated, and there is a possibility that unreacted harmful component gas generated may be caught in the object to be treated. If it does, it will be adsorbed by carbides.

When the generated carbide, harmful component gas, and generated dioxins are simultaneously present in the processing furnace, the carbide adsorbs these gases and dioxins, and removes the adsorbed dioxins from the carbide. It is very difficult.

Therefore, it is difficult to reuse the generated carbide, and it is necessary to bury it as a residue in a final disposal site or to process it by another means such as melting at a very high temperature.

Therefore, the applicant of the present invention firstly forms a harmless salt by contacting the harmful component decomposed and precipitated from the object to be treated and the alkali metal compound during the decomposition treatment of the object to be treated. To make exhaust gas and residue harmless,
We have proposed a device that can reduce the volume of this detoxified residue by carbonization in a separate processing furnace and reuse it. (Japanese Patent Application No. 1
However, in order to completely make the exhaust gas and the residue harmless, the mixing ratio of the object to be treated and the treatment agent, the heating temperature, the transfer speed of the object to be treated in the heat treatment furnace, and the structure of the heat treatment furnace In order to realize this, the temperature and temperature distribution in the heat treatment furnace, other gas components in the heat treatment furnace, etc. must be detected. If it does, proper control cannot be achieved.

An object of the present invention is to provide a sensor of this type which has a sensor for detecting the temperature and gas components in the heat treatment furnace, and is capable of controlling the temperature for decomposing and depositing harmful components by using a detection signal. In providing the device.

[0026]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a means for detecting a temperature or a gas component in a heat treatment furnace, which is indispensable for temperature control necessary for producing harmless chlorides. The purpose is to realize more complete detoxification processing.

The inventors of the present application have previously known that a halogen substance (particularly, a chlorine-based gas) and an alkali substance react when contacted to form harmless chloride. When not heat-treating an object to be treated containing a chlorine component or a sulfur component that is not sufficient, a treating agent composed of an alkali metal compound is added, and a chlorine-based gas and a sulfur oxide-based gas that are decomposed and precipitated are added. The contact reaction allows harmful components to be removed from the cracked gas and replaced with harmless salts (chlorides and sulfites) to produce harmless exhaust gas, which can be used effectively as fuel. . (Of course, it can also be discharged into the atmosphere as it is after exhaust gas treatment to remove dust.) In addition, the residue is also harmless, and these salts remaining in the residue are directly dissolved in a solution such as water. It has been found that harmless residues can be obtained when metal components are present in the treated product, and that metals and carbides can be recovered from these residues and reused.

Further, as a result of the examination, if the heat treatment furnace for the decomposition reaction step in the preceding step and the heat treatment furnace for the reduced volume material treatment step in the subsequent step are treated in separate treatment furnaces, a single unit as in the prior art is obtained. It was found that the decomposed harmful components (especially chlorine-based gas and sulfur oxide-based gas) were not trapped and left in the agitated object, as compared with the case where the heat treatment furnace was used. In addition, an invention relating to this has already been proposed.

The present invention detects the temperature or gas components in the heat treatment furnace on the basis of these, and makes it possible to control the temperature for effectively decomposing and depositing harmful components by using the detection signals.

The concrete means for solving the problems according to the present invention is a cylinder having a means for stirring an object supplied from one end of the supply port and moving it to a discharge port on the other end; At least one heat treatment furnace provided with a heating means for heating from above, and decomposes and separates harmful components from the object to be treated in the heat treatment furnace and reacts with a treating agent comprising an alkali metal compound to perform a decomposition reaction treatment. The object to be treated after the decomposition reaction treatment is subjected to a volume reduction treatment such as carbonization or incineration in a heat treatment furnace, and a sensor is attached to the cylindrical body by a through pipe extending in an axial direction inside the cylindrical body. An apparatus is provided, and a sensor for detecting a temperature or a gas component is provided in the through pipe, and the detected temperature or the detected gas component concentration is used for temperature control in the heat treatment furnace.

Alternatively, there is provided a cylindrical body having means for stirring the object supplied from the supply port at one end and moving it to the discharge port at the other end, and heating means for heating the cylindrical body from outside. Up and down by providing at least two heat treatment furnaces,
Or place it horizontally on a plane, and connect the discharge port side of one heat treatment furnace and the supply port side of the other heat treatment furnace with a duct, and use one heat treatment furnace to remove harmful components from the workpiece. Is decomposed and precipitated, and is subjected to a decomposition reaction process of reacting with a treating agent comprising an alkali metal compound, and the object to be treated after this decomposition reaction process is transferred to the other heat treatment furnace through a duct, where the heat treatment furnace In addition to performing volume reduction treatment such as carbonization, a sensor mounting device including a through pipe extending in the axial direction inside the cylindrical body is provided on the cylindrical body, and a temperature or a gas component is detected in the through pipe. The detected temperature or detected gas component is used for temperature control in the heat treatment furnace.

In the decomposition reaction step, after a drying step of drying the object to be processed, the processing may be shifted to a chloride generation step. These two steps may be performed in the same heat treatment furnace or may be performed in separate heat treatment furnaces.

Further, at least two heat treatment furnaces described above are provided, and the discharge port side of one heat treatment furnace and the supply port side of the other heat treatment furnace are communicated with each other by a duct. A decomposition treatment is carried out to decompose and deposit harmful components from the object to be treated, and the object to be treated after the deposition of the harmful component is transferred to the other heat treatment furnace through a duct, and the heat treatment furnace reduces carbonization and the like. The volume-reduced material to be processed is discharged into a dissolution tank, which is separated into solid and liquid by a dehydrating means, and the solid matter is dried and taken out by a drying means.

The above-mentioned at least two heat treatment furnaces are arranged horizontally one above the other, and a duct connects the discharge port side of the upper heat treatment furnace with the supply port side of the lower heat treatment furnace. Decomposition process to decompose and precipitate harmful components from the object to be processed in the heat treatment furnace arranged on the upper side, and to reduce the volume of the object to be treated after removing the harmful components in the heat treatment furnace arranged on the lower side Perform the conversion process.

The upper and lower heat treatment furnaces are disposed substantially parallel to one side of the duct or on both sides of the duct.

A plurality (at least two) of heat treatment furnaces for the above decomposition treatment may be provided.

In this case, each discharge port is connected to a supply port of a heat treatment furnace for reducing the volume by a duct.

Further, the plurality of heat treatment furnaces for the decomposition treatment may be arranged on either side of the duct or on one side of the duct.

A plurality (at least two) of heat treatment furnaces for the above-mentioned volume reduction treatment can be provided.

In this case, each of the supply ports and the discharge port of the heat treatment furnace for performing the decomposition process are communicated by a duct.

The plurality of heat treatment furnaces for reducing the volume are arranged in parallel on both sides of the duct or on one side of the duct.

When two first and second heat treatment furnaces for reducing the volume are provided, the discharge port of the first heat treatment furnace and the supply port of the second heat treatment furnace are connected by ducts. The supply port of the first heat treatment furnace is communicated with the discharge port of the heat treatment furnace for decomposition treatment.

In each of the heat treatment furnaces, a duct is set up so that an object to be processed can flow down, and a heat treatment furnace for decomposition treatment is installed horizontally on the upper part thereof, and a heat treatment furnace for volume reduction treatment is provided at a lower part thereof. Place it horizontally.

When a drying treatment for removing moisture from the object to be treated is performed as a pretreatment of the heat treatment furnace for the decomposition treatment, the drying treatment may be performed in the same heating treatment. The heat treatment furnaces for drying, decomposition and volume reduction are placed side by side, one after the other, and the discharge port for the heat treatment furnace for drying and the supply port for the heat treatment furnace for decomposition are Through a duct, and the outlet of the heat treatment furnace for the decomposition treatment and the supply of the heat treatment furnace for the volume reduction treatment are communicated with another duct.

The drying treatment is performed by heating at a temperature of 100 ° C. to 200 ° C. to remove moisture (H ₂ O) adhering to the object to be processed.

The heating temperature for the decomposition treatment is a temperature at which harmful components such as halogen substances are decomposed and precipitated from the object to be treated, and a temperature at which the object does not carbonize, for example, 200 ° C. to 350 ° C.
° C.

The volume reduction treatment is a step of carbonizing or ashing the object to be treated, and is a heat treatment at a temperature at which the object to be treated is carbonized or incinerated. The object to be processed is generally 350 ° C to 700 ° C
And incinerated at 800 ° C. or higher.

The material to be reduced in volume is discharged to a dissolving tank, solid / liquid separated by a dehydrating means in the next step, and dried by a solid drying means to separate and collect carbides and metals.
Reuse.

As the drying means, hot gas used for heating in a heat treatment furnace can be used.

The heating means of the heat treatment furnace is formed by a heating coil (resistor or induction heating) surrounding the cylindrical body and is heated by energization, or a heating cylinder (gas duct) surrounding the cylindrical body is provided. Either a heating gas is introduced into the heating cylinder to heat it, or both heating means are used in combination.

The cylindrical body is not necessarily required to be rotatable, and a means (such as a screw) for fixing and transporting the object to be processed may be provided inside the cylindrical body. A driven gear is provided, and the driven gear is rotationally driven by a motor. Further, driven gears are provided on the outer periphery of each cylindrical body of the heat treatment furnace installed above and below, and both driven gears are rotationally driven by a common motor.

With such a processing apparatus, detoxification of the reduced volume of the object to be processed can be realized.

Exhaust gas generated in the process of thermal decomposition and deposition of the above harmful components is subjected to removal of residual chlorine-based gas and generated dioxins by a conventionally known means such as a bag filter. You may.

When the object to be treated and the alkali metal compound are added to the heat treatment furnace and heated to 200 ° C. to 350 ° C., the gas decomposed and precipitated from the object to be treated is contacted with the alkali metal compound present in the vicinity simultaneously with the generation. As a result, the harmful salts are replaced and generated, and the exhaust gas can be made harmless, and at the same time, the object to be treated does not contain harmful components.

The alkali metal compound as a treating agent is
(1) A simple substance or a mixture of plural kinds of alkali metal compounds.

(2) The alkali metal compound is a hydroxide,
Carbonate substance.

(3) Hydroxides and carbonates are sodium-based and potassium-based substances.

(4) The treating agent is (a) sodium bicarbonate, also known as acidic sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, and sodium bicarbonate.

(B) Sodium carbonate, also called sodium carbonate, soda, soda ash, washing soda, and crystal soda.

(C) sodium sesquicarbonate, also known as sodium hydrogen dicarbonate, sodium tricarbonate, sodium sesquicarbonate, (d) natural soda, another name, trona, (e) potassium carbonate, (f) potassium hydrogen carbonate ( g) Sodium potassium carbonate (h) Sodium hydroxide (i) Potassium hydroxide A simple substance selected from the group consisting of two or more kinds are used in combination.

When an object to be treated containing a harmful component is treated with this alkali metal compound treating agent in a decomposition reaction treatment furnace, harmful hydrogen chloride (HCl) is obtained by the following reaction formula.
Is replaced with harmless chlorides, and harmful sulfur oxides (SOx) are replaced with harmless sulfites.

That is, when the harmful component is hydrogen chloride (HCl), sodium hydrogen carbonate (NaHCO ₃ ) + (HCl) → (NaCl) + (H
₂ O) + (CO ₂ ) potassium hydrogen carbonate (KHCO ₃ ) + (HCl) → (KCl) + (H ₂ O) +
(CO ₂ ) Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) + (HCl) → (NaCl) + (H ₂ O) Potassium hydroxide (KOH) + (HCl) → (KCl) + (H ₂ O) In the case of oxide (SOx), sodium hydrogen carbonate (NaHCO ₃ ) → (NaOH) + (CO ₂ ) (2NaOH) + (SO ₂ ) → (Na ₂ SO ₃ ) + (H
₂ O) Potassium hydrogen carbonate (KHCO ₃ ) → (KOH) + (CO ₂ ) (2KOH) + (SO ₂ ) → (K ₂ CO ₃ ) + (H ₂ O) Sodium hydroxide (2NaOH) + (SO ₂ ) → (Na ₂ SO ₃ ) + (2H ₂
O) Potassium hydroxide (2KOH) + (SO ₂ ) → (K ₂ SO ₃ ) + (H ₂ O) Potassium sodium carbonate (Na ₂ CO ₃ + K ₂ CO ₃ ) + (2SO ₂ ) → (Na ₂ SO)
₃ ) + (K ₂ SO ₃ ) + (2CO ₂ ), and HCl is harmless sodium chloride (NaCl, K
Cl) and SOx are harmless sulfites (Na ₂ SO ₃ , K
₂ SO ₃ ), which can make harmful components harmless.

In this decomposition reaction treatment, after a drying step of drying the object to be treated, the processing may be shifted to a salt generation step. These two steps may be performed in the same heat treatment furnace or may be performed in separate heat treatment furnaces.

[0064]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. As described above, the present invention heat-treats an object containing a harmful component, decomposes and deposits a harmful component from the object to be treated, and carbonizes the object after decomposing and depositing the harmful component. And a sensor mounting device having a through pipe for providing various sensors in the heat treatment furnace is provided. FIG. 1A is a conceptual diagram of a waste treatment facility for explaining the basic idea, and FIG. 1B is a sectional view of a cylindrical body.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 10 denotes a first heat treatment furnace;
Reference numeral 20 denotes a second heat treatment furnace. First heat treatment furnace 10
Is a blade 11 for moving an object to be processed while stirring it.
(See FIG. 2), a rotatable cylinder 11, a heating cylinder 12 which forms a gas duct on the outer periphery of the cylinder 11 and introduces hot gas to heat the cylinder 11, and one end of the cylinder 11 And a discharge port 14 provided at the other end of the cylindrical body 11 for supplying the object to be processed into the cylindrical body 11.
5 is driven to rotate. The rotation driving means 15 includes a driving motor 15a, a driving gear 15b, and a driven gear 15c provided on the cylindrical body 11.

Reference numeral 16 denotes a supply duct surrounding the supply port 13 side, and reference numeral 17 denotes a discharge duct surrounding the discharge port 14 so that an additional treatment agent Sm can be sprayed in as required. Reference numeral 18 denotes a heating coil (induction heating or resistor), which is provided on the outer periphery of the cylindrical body 11 on both sides of the heating cylinder 12 in a non-contact and close proximity to the cylindrical body 11, and constitutes a heating means together with the heating cylinder 12. .

In the figure, reference numeral 19 denotes a sensor mounting device, and P denotes a dynamic seal.

The basic structure of the second heat treatment furnace 20 is the same as that of the first heat treatment furnace 10 described above. Therefore, in the same or corresponding parts, the first digit after 20 is set to the same number (for example, 21 is a cylindrical body, 22 is a heating cylinder, 29 is a sensor mounting device), and description thereof will be omitted.

Reference numeral 30 denotes a hopper, which is a mixture of an object to be treated and a treating agent comprising an alkali metal compound, which is then charged. The object to be treated is supplied from a supply port 13 of the cylindrical body 11 through an opening / closing valve (opening / closing door) 31. It is supplied into the cylindrical body 11. The material to be treated may be any of solid matter such as general waste and industrial waste, ash, and sludge.

The hopper 30 has a crushing function and a mixing function of the processing agent, and may mix the processing agent while crushing the solid, or may mix the processing agent with the processing agent crushed in advance. May be mixed and charged.

The cylindrical body 11 of the first heat treatment furnace 10 and the cylindrical body 21 of the second heat treatment furnace 20 are disposed vertically, and the discharge duct 17 of the cylindrical body 11 and the supply of the cylindrical body 21 are provided. The opening 23 is communicated with an opening / closing valve (opening / closing door) 32, and the discharge side duct 27 of the cylindrical body 21 of the second heat treatment furnace 20 is connected to a melting tank 34 via an opening / closing valve (opening / closing door) 33. And discharges the carbide or treated ash after the heat treatment.

Reference numeral 35 denotes a combustion device, which burns LNG from the LNG tank 36 to generate hot gas when LNG is burned, for example. This hot gas is supplied into a heating cylinder 22 provided on the outer periphery of the cylindrical body 21 and heats the cylindrical body 21.
After being fed into the heating cylinder 12 of the cylindrical body 11 through the connecting pipe 37 and heating the cylindrical body 11, it is sent out to the drying means 39 through the discharge pipe 38 and used as heat of the drying means. , And is sent to the combustion means 42 through the pipe 41.

The combustion means 42 is supplied to the gas in the discharge duct 17 of the first heat treatment furnace 10 and the gas in the supply duct 26 of the second heat treatment furnace 20, and is sent from the combustion device 35 to be used for each heating part. The burned gas is burned and sent to the bag filter 40 in the next step.

In the combustion means 42, the gas is burned to remove twistable components such as tar components, and the gas is cooled and sent to a temperature lower than the durability temperature of the bag filter 40.

In the bag filter 40, after a reaction treatment with a treatment agent comprising an alkali metal compound, the unreacted treatment agent is sent to the hopper 30 for reuse, and the exhaust gas is exhausted by the exhaust gas combustion unit 43.
, Where it is burned by LNG or the like, and discharged from the chimney 44.

Reference numeral 45 denotes a dehydrating means, which solidifies and separates the aqueous solution in the dissolving tank 34, and after the solid matter is dried by the drying means 39,
The liquid discharged to the carbide hopper 46 is neutralized by a water treatment means 47 with a neutralizing agent or the like, and then returned to the dissolving tank 34 for reuse.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of a sensor mounting device 19 (29) for detecting a temperature or detecting a gas component (gas concentration). FIG. 2 (A) is a sectional view of a main part, and FIG. FIG.

This sensor mounting 19 is a
9a and a sensor mounting pipe 19b housed in the through pipe 19a and having the sensor S mounted thereon.
a extends in the axial direction in the cylindrical body 11 (12), and is provided to penetrate both left and right side walls 11a and 11b. The other end is fixed by fastening means, and the other end can absorb expansion and contraction due to a change in temperature. Reference numeral 19c denotes a member that seals the through portion.

Reference numeral 19e denotes a peephole provided in the through pipe 19a, which is provided in a portion to which a sensor S described later is attached.

The sensor mounting pipe 19b is provided with a through pipe 19a.
And a sensor S for temperature detection or gas component or gas concentration detection. The sensor S is provided with a temperature sensing part such as a thermocouple at a position where the temperature inside the cylindrical body 11 is to be detected, for example, at a position near both ends or at the center of the cylindrical body. The detection signal is drawn out of the through pipe 19a by the lead wire 19f. 19g is a convex portion provided on the outer periphery of the sensor mounting tube 19b. The sensor S is provided in a valley between the convex portions, and the sensor mounting tube 19 to which the sensor S is mounted.
When storing b in the through pipe 19a, the sensor S is prevented from being damaged. A through hole 19e is provided in the through pipe 19a where the sensor S is located, so that the sensor S can directly measure the temperature or gas component in the cylindrical body 11.

The lead-out side of the lead wire 19f is hermetically sealed by a seal member 19i between the lead-out portion of the cable 19h and the fixing member 19d.

Next, a series of processing methods will be described.
First, LNG is burned by the combustion device 35 to generate hot gas, which is supplied to the heating cylinders 22 and 12. If necessary, AC power is supplied to the heating coils 18 and 28 so that the cylindrical body 2
Heat 1,11. Next, (or at the same time) a mixture of the object to be treated containing the harmful component and the treatment agent, or the mixture is supplied from the hopper 30 into the cylindrical body 11 of the first heat treatment furnace 10 while mixing.

In the heat treatment in the first heat treatment furnace 10, the temperature and time at which harmful components are precipitated from the object to be treated are investigated in advance, the properties of the object to be treated are grasped, and the result of this investigation is sufficiently evaluated. The treatment is performed at a temperature (200 ° C. to 350 ° C.) and time that can be covered.

The time and temperature are related to the state of the heat treatment furnace (conditions depending on the furnace such as the size and heating means), the amount of treatment, the treatment time, the treatment temperature, and the like. Must be performed sufficiently, and data must be collected and stored.

The heating in the first heat treatment furnace is not "combustion and incineration" but "steaming and thermal decomposition", and the chlorine-based gas and the like are decomposed and precipitated from the object to be treated, and the treatment agent is treated. And react with. The gas after the reaction is reacted with the treating agent by the bag filter 40 to make it harmless. This process is a known process.

As a pre-process for taking in the bag filter 40, the gas is burned by the combustion means 42 to remove tar components and the like, and the gas is cooled to the endurance temperature of the bag filter 40 or lower.

The object to be treated after the harmful components are deposited is passed through the duct 17 and the opening / closing valve 32 to the second heat treatment furnace 2.
0 is fed into the supply port 23 of the cylindrical body 21 where the material to be treated is carbonized (paper begins to be carbonized at about 350 ° C.).
The volume is reduced by heating to 00 ° C. or more by incineration. Since there is no decomposed gas containing harmful components such as HCl and dioxins in the second heat treatment furnace 20 in this volume reduction step, it is difficult for the carbonized or ashed material to absorb this. Absent.

The reduced volume of the object to be treated and the treatment agent after the reaction are discharged into a melting tank 34 via a duct and an opening / closing valve 33. In the dissolving tank 34, the reduced volume of the object to be treated, the treated agent after the reaction, and the like are dissolved in water, and this is separated into a solid and a liquid by a dehydrating means 45, and the solid is dried. After drying at 39, the liquid is taken out from the carbide hopper 46, while the liquid is recovered by treating the treated agent with the water treatment means 47, injected with a neutralizing agent or the like, treated, and returned to the dissolution tank 43 for reuse. .

The temperature control means of the first and second heat treatment furnaces is performed as follows. In the first heat treatment furnace 10, a valve (open / close valve or three-way valve) is provided in the communication pipe 37 with the heating cylinder 22 of the second heat treatment furnace 20. Are provided, and the flow rate of the hot gas is controlled by means for selecting the number of used by the valve opening / closing control.
The temperature is controlled by means for controlling the alternating current supplied to the heater or the frequency in the case of induction heating. These controls are performed by a temperature detection sensor provided in the sensor mounting device 19,
Alternatively, the detection is performed by detecting the temperature or gas concentration in the cylindrical body 11 with a sensor for detecting a gas component. Or HC in duct 17
The gas concentration such as 1 is detected by the gas concentration meter 48 and is controlled automatically or manually. At this time, when the gas concentration in the duct 17 is higher than a predetermined value, the additional treatment agent Sm is administered into the duct 17 by spraying or the like, and is reacted with the remaining gas to make it harmless.

The temperature control means of the second heat treatment furnace 20 is substantially the same as that described above.
The control of the NG combustion means becomes main, and the electric heating means assists. These controls are also performed by the HC in the ducts 26 and 27.
Control is performed by reflecting detection signals from the gas concentration meters 49 and 50 for measuring the l concentration and the temperature sensor or the gas component sensor S in the sensor mounting device 29.

The heating of the drying means 39 utilizes the hot gas after heating the first and second heat treatment furnaces 10 and 20 so as to effectively use the heat energy.

In the embodiment of FIG. 1, as means for stirring and moving the objects to be processed in the first and second heat treatment furnaces 10 and 20, as shown in FIG. This is the case where the blades S are provided in the body to rotate and move the cylindrical body itself. However, it is not always necessary to rotate the cylindrical body, and the cylindrical body is fixed, and the screw body that is long in the axial direction inside is fixed. May be provided to rotate the screw body from the outside.

Further, the case where both heating by a hot gas and heating by a heating coil are applied to the heating means for heating the cylindrical body has been described, but heating by the heating coil is not necessarily required.

As described above, according to the present invention, at least one heat treatment furnace is provided, and in this heat treatment furnace, harmful components are decomposed and precipitated from an object to be treated, and the harmful components are reacted with a treating agent comprising an alkali metal compound. Since it is based on reducing the volume of the object to be treated after the reaction treatment and enabling accurate detection of the temperature and gas component concentration in the heat treatment,
The number and arrangement of the heat treatment furnaces can be realized by arbitrarily selecting according to the conditions of the installation place. The embodiment will be described with reference to a schematic diagram.

Assuming that the heat treatment furnace for decomposing and depositing harmful components is the decomposition means 1, the heat treatment furnace for reducing the volume of the object to be treated after the deposition is volume reducing means 2, and the duct is 3, FIG. The processing device is schematically illustrated in FIG. That is, the disassembling means 1 and the volume reducing means 2 are arranged substantially vertically above and below the same vertical line on one side surface of the duct 3, and the object to be treated by the upper disassembling means 1 is reduced through the duct 3 to the lower part. The volume is reduced by the volume means 2 and discharged. Reference numeral 4 denotes an openable door (partition) whose degree of opening and closing can be controlled.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a second embodiment in which the disassembling means 1 and the volume reducing means 2 are linearly arranged on both sides of the duct 3. However, it is not always necessary to arrange them linearly, and they may be arranged radially at an arbitrary angle around the duct as viewed in plan.

FIG. 5 shows a third embodiment, in which (A) is a side view and (B) is a front view, and the disassembling means 1 and the volume reducing means 2 are on the same side of the duct 3 but are vertical. This is the case where the directions are shifted.

[0098] Although the form of each of the above embodiments is the case where the duct 3 is erected vertically, the duct 3 is not necessarily required to be vertically and may be inclined.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the fourth embodiment, in which the disassembling means 1 and the volume reducing means 2 are installed on the same plane.
In this case, a transfer means for transferring an object to be processed such as a screw body or a conveyor is provided in the duct 3.

The above is the case where one disassembling means 1 and one volume reducing means 2 are installed. When two disassembly means are installed, there are arrangements shown in FIGS.

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the fifth embodiment. FIG. 8 shows a sixth embodiment in which two disassembly means 1 and 1 'are arranged on both sides of the duct 3. , That (A)
2B is a side view, and FIG. 2B is a front view. The duct 3 is erected (upright or inclined), and the disassembling means 1 and 1 ′ are arranged horizontally on the same side of the upper part of the duct 3 to reduce the volume. Is a case where the projector is set horizontally below the duct.

Next, when two volume reducing means 2 are installed,
Besides the arrangement of two volume reducing means on the same side of the duct, there is an arrangement illustrated in FIGS. 9 and 10.

That is, FIG. 9 shows a front view of a schematic view of the seventh embodiment, in which the duct 3 is erected (upright or inclined).
And disassembling means 1 is set horizontally on one side of the upper part,
The first and second volume reducing means 2 and 2 'are arranged laterally on both sides of the duct with the duct 3 interposed therebetween, and one of them is used selectively (non-continuously).

FIG. 10 is a front view of a schematic view of the eighth embodiment, in which a discharge port side of the disassembling means 1 and a supply port side of the first volume reducing means 2 communicate with each other through a duct 3. 1 volume reduction means 2
The duct 3 'communicates with the discharge port side of the container and the supply port side of the second volume reduction means 2', and carbonizes by the first volume reduction means 2. Metals are collected from the carbide and the remaining This is a case in which the residue is incinerated by the second volume reducing means 2 'and discharged, and the volume reducing means is used continuously.

In the case where the drying means 5 is provided as a pre-process of the decomposition means 1, there are arrangements shown in FIGS.

That is, FIG. 11 is a front view of the ninth embodiment. The drying means 5 and the disassembling means 1 and the volume reducing means 2 are placed side by side and arranged one above the other. And a supply port of the decomposition means 1 through a duct 3 ', and an outlet of the decomposition means 1 and a supply port of the volume reduction means 2 through a duct 3, so that the object to be processed is supplied from the supply port of the drying means. The material to be treated is supplied and discharged from the discharge port of the volume reducing means 2 and the volume of the processed material is reduced by carbonization.

FIG. 12 is a front view of a schematic view of the tenth embodiment. In the ninth embodiment, two drying means 5 and 5 'are provided, dried by both drying means and supplied to the decomposition means 1. This is the case.

FIG. 13 is a front view of a schematic view of the eleventh embodiment, in which the disassembling means 1 and the volume reducing means 2 are arranged on the same side of the duct 3, and the drying means 5 is disassembled with the duct 3 'interposed therebetween. It is the case where it is installed on the opposite side of the means.

In each of the above-described embodiments, the duct is erected (vertically or inclined), the processing means are arranged vertically, and the object to be processed is moved between the processing means by flowing down. However, it is not always necessary to arrange them vertically, and they may be arranged in a plane depending on the conditions of the installation place and the like. However, in this case, it is necessary to provide a transfer means (for example, a screw driven to rotate) for transferring the object to be processed in the duct.

In the above, when the object to be treated and the alkali metal compound are subjected to heat treatment in the heat treatment furnace, the decomposed chlorine gas and sulfur oxide gas react with the alkali metal compound to make the decomposed gas harmless. The reason why the detoxification of the residue can be performed at the same time has become clearer from the following experimental investigation.

In the experiment, a low-oxygen atmosphere was created in a closed vessel having an exhaust pipe and a door, and a sample was placed in the closed vessel, heated in an electric furnace, and heated from 250 ° C to 600 ° C.
Hold at each temperature for 5 minutes at intervals of 0 ° C., open the exhaust pipe at the time of temperature rise and keep, and open the hydrogen chloride gas (HCl) concentration (pp
m) was measured. In addition, the measurement was also performed at 600 ° C to 1000 ° C.

The gas concentration was measured using a detector tube specified in JIS-K0804.

Table 1 shows the measurement results. The hydrogen chloride gas concentration is a measured value in ten experiments, and Examples 1 to 5 show the highest values, and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 show the lowest values.

Note that “ND” represents “not detected”,
It shows that none was detected in 10 experiments.

In the experiment, first, a preliminary test was performed using only 4 g of polyvinylidene chloride containing a large amount of a chlorine component. The results are shown in Comparative Example 1 of Table 1.

Next, an experiment was conducted by adding 20 g each of slaked lime and calcium carbonate powder conventionally known as dechlorinating agents. The results are shown in Comparative Examples 2 and 3.

Next, polyvinylidene chloride and vinyl chloride, which generate a large amount of hydrogen chloride when heated, were selected as the objects to be treated. An experiment was conducted by selecting and adding the above substances.

In Examples 1 and 2, 20 g of sodium hydrogencarbonate powder was treated with polyvinylidene chloride 4 to be treated.
g and 4 g of vinyl chloride, Examples 3 to 5 were applied to 4 g of polyvinylidene chloride of the same material.
In each of the examples, an experiment was carried out by mixing an object to be treated and a dechlorinating agent in the case of adding 10 g of potassium hydrogen carbonate, 20 g of sodium hydroxide and 20 g of potassium hydroxide.
Table 1 shows the results.

[0119]

[Table 1]

From the experimental results shown in Table 1, the following is considered.

First, when polyvinylidene chloride containing a large amount of a chlorine component is to be treated, in Comparative Example 1 in which a dechlorinating agent is not added, a large amount of hydrogen chloride gas is generated over each temperature due to the heat treatment. In Comparative Example 2 in which slaked lime, which is a conventional dechlorinating agent, was added to this object, and in Comparative Example 3 in which calcium carbonate was added, although the generation of hydrogen chloride gas was considerably suppressed as compared with Comparative Example 1, Not enough.

On the other hand, in this experiment, trace amounts (1 ppm, 2 pp) of Example 4 and Example 5 at 450 ° C.
Although hydrogen chloride gas of m) was detected, other than that, it was not detected at all over the entire temperature range, and very good results were obtained.

Further, even when sodium chloride is added using vinyl chloride as an object to be treated, as shown in Example 2, the production of hydrogen chloride is completely suppressed in any temperature range. I have.

According to the above experimental investigation, in the case of dechlorination treatment, an alkali substance (particularly an alkali metal compound) which reacts with a chlorine-based gas to produce harmless chloride is added to the treatment to make it harmless. I was able to confirm that it could be processed.

Further, an experiment was performed using a solidified fuel (hereinafter, referred to as RDF) containing a sulfur component as a sample to be treated.

The RDF is a solidified product so as to be combustible. In a broad sense, (1) kitchen waste (remaining material such as meat, fish head, bone, eggshell, vegetables, fruits, etc., is referred to as “compost”) (2) Plastics (polyethylene, polypropylene, polystin, polyvinylidene chloride, etc.) (3) Papers (tissue paper, newspaper, advertising paper, bags, boxes, beverage packs, etc.) (4) ) A solidified mixture of other combustible materials (fibers such as cloth, wood chips, rubber, leather, etc.).

In a narrow sense, (2), (3) and (4) which do not include the compost of (1) are referred to. This time, RDF without compost was used.

The RDF of such a sample was crushed, and a comparative experiment was performed using several kinds of alkali metal compounds and using uncrushed RDF.

It should be noted that a generally known processed RD
The sulfur component of F contains about 1.0% by weight, and the plastic RDF contains 0.29 to 0.89% by weight of a chlorine component. In addition, waste paper RDF is 0.2% by weight.
Contains a chlorine component.

In the experiment, heating was performed in the same electric furnace as described above,
The temperature was maintained at 250 ° C. to 600 ° C. at 50 ° intervals for 5 minutes at each temperature, and the concentrations of HCl gas and SO ₂ gas (ppm) were measured at the time of heating and keeping the temperature by opening the exhaust pipe.

Tables 2 and 3 show the measurement results. H
The Cl gas and SO ₂ gas concentrations were measured values in 10 experiments, and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 in Table 3 were the lowest values, while Example 1 in Table 2 was the lowest value.
To 7 indicate the highest values.

Note that "ND" represents "not detected",
It shows that none was detected in 10 experiments.

First, 40 g of the uncrushed RDF was crushed, and 10 g of NaHCO ₃ and 4 g of a treatment agent were added to the crushed RDF as Examples 1 and 2, respectively. Examples 3 and 4 were obtained by adding ₃ g of KHCO ₃ and 3 g of Na ₂ CO ₃ + K ₂ CO ₃ as treating agents to 20 g of the crushed, respectively.
Examples 5 and 6 were obtained by adding 3 g of NaOH and KOH as a treating agent to 20 g of RDF crushed, and further adding 10 g of NaHCO ₃ as a treating agent to 40 g of a lump that did not crush RDF. As Example 7, the HCl concentration and the SO ₂ concentration of each sample were measured. Table 2 shows the results.

[0134]

[Table 2]

Next, a conventionally known processed RDF
Those obtained by using 40 g and 20 g of crushed RDF were referred to as Comparative Examples 1 and 2, respectively, and those obtained by using 40 g of lump without crushing RDF were used as Comparative Example 3.
The HCl concentration and the SO ₂ concentration were measured for each. Table 3 shows the results.

[0136]

[Table 3]

From the experimental results in Tables 2 and 3, the following is considered.

In the case of hydrogen chloride (HCl) (1) In the case of crushing, a very small amount was detected at 400 ° C. in Example 4, but not detected in other examples, and very good results were obtained.

It can be seen that even when compared with Comparative Examples 1 and 2, it is considerably reduced.

(2) In the case of lumps, it was slightly detected as compared to when crushed at 350 to 450 ° C., but it was found that it was considerably reduced as compared with Comparative Example 3.

In the case of sulfide gas (SO ₂ ), (1) When crushed, SO ₂ is slightly generated at 400 to 450 ° C., but it is very good as a whole (Examples 1 to 6).

It can be seen that Comparative Examples 1 and 2 are considerably reduced.

(2) In the case of a lump, 350 to 45
Although slightly more SO ₂ is generated than when crushed at 0 ° C., it is good as a whole (Example 7).

It can be seen that even when compared with Comparative Example 3, it is considerably reduced.

According to the above experimental investigation, when treating a treated product containing a chlorine component and a sulfur component, harmful HCl
And reacting with SOx to generate harmless chlorides and sulfites,
It was confirmed that HCl and SOx could be detoxified.

Although the same dechlorination effect is obtained even at 600 ° C. or higher, it may be determined based on the type of equipment, time, amount of treatment, and the like.

The reason why HCl and SOx can be detoxified by adding an alkali metal compound for the treatment is as follows.
According to the following reaction.

(A) Reaction in the case of HCl The reason why harmful hydrogen chloride is replaced with harmless chloride is clarified from the following reaction.

Sodium hydrogen carbonate (NaHCO ₃ ) + (HCl) → (NaCl) + (H
₂ O) + (CO ₂ ) potassium hydrogen carbonate (KHCO ₃ ) + (HCl) → (KCl) + (H ₂ O) +
(CO ₂ ) Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) + (HCl) → (NaCl) + (H ₂ O) Potassium hydroxide (KOH) + (HCl) → (KCl) + (H ₂ O) Especially in the case of hydrogen carbonate Is remarkable, this is because
First, CO ₂ is separated at a temperature lower than the temperature (250 ° C. or higher) at which hydrogen chloride (HCl) decomposes and precipitates, so that an atmosphere state in which the reaction between the remaining NaOH and KOH and the generated HCl can be performed smoothly. It is thought that it is.

That is, when the reaction state is sodium hydrogen carbonate, (NaHCO ₃ ) → (NaOH) + (CO ₂ ) (NaOH) + (HCl) → (NaCl) + (H ₂ O) Potassium hydrogen carbonate (KHCO ₃₎ ) → (KOH) + (CO ₂ ) (KOH) + (HCl) → (KCl) + (H ₂ O), and NaOH, KOH and HCl react rapidly to form harmless chlorides (NaCl, KCl). Is newly generated.

On the other hand, in the case of calcium carbonate (CaCO ₃ ) and slaked lime (Ca (OH) ₂ ), harmless chloride (CaCl) is similarly produced, but the reaction with Ca seems to be not smooth.

NaCl, KCl produced as described above
Is a harmless chloride. In addition to the above substances, N
There are the following sodium-based and potassium-based substances that produce aCl and KCl, and similar effects can be obtained.

Sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, sodium potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate hydrate, sodium sesquicarbonate, natural soda.

Next, the chlorine-based material after the treatment was confirmed.

As a result of analyzing the obtained residue, no harmful chlorine-based gas components were detected, and harmless chlorides such as sodium chloride and potassium chloride were detected. Further, the residue was stirred for 10 minutes and washed with water, so that sodium chloride and potassium chloride were dissolved in water and a carbide remained, but no harmful chlorine-based gas component was detected in the carbide.

Therefore, the harmful chlorine components are sodium chloride (NaCl) and potassium chloride (K
Cl), water (H ₂ O), and gas (CO ₂ ), do not generate hydrogen chloride that causes dioxin, and can achieve harmlessness of exhaust gas and residues.

(B) In the case of SOx reaction The reason why harmful SOx is replaced with harmless sulfite and formed is apparent from the following reaction.

Sodium hydrogen carbonate (NaHCO ₃ ) → (NaOH) + (CO ₂ ) (2NaOH) + (SO ₂ ) → (Na ₂ SO ₃ ) + (H
₂ O) Potassium hydrogen carbonate (KHCO ₃ ) → (KOH) + (CO ₂ ) (2KOH) + (SO ₂ ) → (K ₂ SO ₃ ) + (H ₂ O) Sodium hydroxide (2NaOH) + (SO ₂ ) → Na ₂ SO ₃ ) + (2H
₂ O) potassium hydroxide _{(2KOH) + (SO 2)} → (K 2 SO 3) + (H 2 O) potassium sodium carbonate _{(Na 2 HCO 3 + K 2} CO 3) + (2SO 2) → (Na 2 S
O ₃ ) + (K ₂ SO ₃ ) + (2CO ₂ ) In particular, the effect is remarkable in the case of a hydrogen carbonate system.
First, CO ₂ is separated at a temperature lower than the temperature (300 ° C. or higher) at which the sulfurized gas (SO ₂ ) decomposes and precipitates, so that the remaining alkali metal hydroxide (NaOH, KOH) and the generated SO ₂ It is considered that the atmosphere was such that the reaction could be performed smoothly.

That is, when the reaction state is sodium hydrogen carbonate, (NaHCO ₃ ) → (NaOH) + (CO ₂ ) (2NaOH) + (SO ₂ ) → (Na ₂ SO ₃ ) + (H
₂ O) Potassium hydrogen carbonate (KHCO ₃ ) → (KOH) + (CO ₂ ) (2KOH) + (SO ₂ ) → (K ₂ SO ₃ ) + (H ₂ O), and NaOH, KOH and SO ₂ It reacts quickly to produce harmless chlorides (Na ₂ SO ₃ , K ₂ SO ₃ ). Was produced as described above, Na ₂ SO ₃ (sodium sulfite), K ₂ SO ₃ (potassium sulfite) is a harmless sulfite, in addition to the above substances, likewise, Na ₂
There are the following sodium-based and potassium-based substances that generate SO ₃ and K ₂ SO ₃ , and similar effects can be obtained.

Sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, sodium potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate hydrate, sodium sesquicarbonate, natural soda.

Next, the sulfide after the treatment was confirmed.

As a result of analyzing the obtained residue, harmful SO was detected.
No x gas component was detected, and potassium metal salts (Na ₂ SO ₃ , K ₂ SO ₃ ), which are harmless sulfites, were detected.

Further, the residue is stirred for 10 minutes and washed with water, whereby the alkali metal salt of sulfite is easily dissolved in water, hydrolyzed to exhibit alkalinity, and (Na ₂ SO ₃ ) + (2H ₂ O) → (2NaOH) + (H ₂
SO ₃ ) (K ₂ SO ₃ ) + (2H ₂ O) → (2KOH) + (H ₂ SO
₃ ) These substances were dissolved in water and carbide remained, but no harmful SOx gas component was detected in the carbide.

Therefore, the harmful SOx components become a part of the residue, such as sodium sulfite (powder) (Na ₂ SO ₃ ), potassium sulfite (powder) (K ₂ SO ₃ ), moisture (H ₂ O),
Gas (CO ₂ ), preventing the generation of SOx gas,
It was confirmed that the detoxification of SOx gas can be realized from the decomposition gas and the residue.

Examples of such treating agents used for treating harmful components include: (1) a simple substance of an alkali metal compound, a mixture of plural kinds thereof, (2) the alkali metal compound is a substance of hydroxide or carbonate, and (3) Hydroxides and carbonates are sodium-based and potassium-based substances. (4) The desulfurizing agent is sodium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate, sodium sesquicarbonate, natural soda, potassium carbonate, potassium bicarbonate, sodium potassium carbonate, sodium hydroxide. It has also been found that a single substance selected from the group consisting of, potassium hydroxide, and a mixture of plural kinds are suitable.

Therefore, the harmful components (chlorine-based gas and sulfur oxide-based gas) in the generated decomposed gas are contacted with the added treating agent, so that the harmful components are harmless sodium chloride (NaCl, KCl) and sulfite. (Na ₂ SO ₃ , K ₂
Since SO ₃ is replaced and generated, harmful components (chlorine-based gas and sulfur oxide-based gas) can be eliminated from the decomposition gas and the residue, and harmless decomposition gas and harmless residue can be obtained.

[0167]

As described above, the present invention decomposes and separates the harmful components contained in the object to be treated and reacts with the treating agent comprising an alkali metal compound, and heats the object after the decomposition reaction treatment to reduce the amount. The dioxin is adsorbed and mixed with the residue (carbonized and ash) because the residue and the dioxins generated due to harmful components do not coexist in the process of volume reduction. I will not do it. Therefore, the detoxification of the residue can be achieved, and metals and carbides can be taken out of the residue and reused, and environmentally preferable waste treatment can be performed.

Although it was difficult to directly detect the temperature or gas components (concentration) in the heat treatment furnace, the detection was made possible by providing a sensor mounting device penetrating the heat treatment furnace. Using this detection signal, the temperature in the heat treatment can be appropriately controlled, the deposition of harmful components can be ensured, and more complete detoxification of the residue can be realized.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of a waste treatment facility according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a sensor mounting device.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a seventh embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of an eighth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a ninth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a tenth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of an eleventh embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Decomposition means 2 ... Volume reduction means 3 ... Duct 4 ... Opening / closing door 5 ... Drying means 10, 20 ... Heat treatment furnace 11, 21 ... Cylindrical body 12, 22 ... Heating cylinder 13, 23 ... Supply port 14, 24 ... Discharge Outlets 15, 25 Rotational drive means 16, 26 Supply duct 17, 27 Discharge duct 18, 28 Heating coil 19, 29 Sensor mounting device 30 Hopper 31, 32, 33 Open / close valve 34 Melting tank 35 combustion apparatus 36 LNG tank 37 communication pipe 38 discharge pipe 39 drying means 40 bag filter 41 pipe 42 combustion means 43 exhaust gas combustion section 44 chimney 45 dewatering means 46 carbide hopper 47 Water treatment means 48, 49, 50 ... gas concentration meter

Claims (13)

[Claims] 1. A cylindrical body having means for agitating an object to be processed supplied from a supply port side at one end thereof and moving it to a discharge port side at the other end, and heating means for heating the cylindrical body from outside. At least one heat treatment furnace is provided to decompose and deposit harmful components from the object to be treated in the heat treatment furnace and react with a treating agent comprising an alkali metal compound to perform a decomposition reaction treatment. The material is subjected to a volume reduction treatment such as carbonization or incineration in a heat treatment furnace, and the cylinder is provided with a sensor mounting device comprising a through pipe extending in the axial direction in the cylinder, and a sensor mounting device is provided in the through pipe. An apparatus for treating harmful components, comprising a sensor for detecting a temperature or a gas component. 2. A cylindrical body having a means for stirring an object supplied from one end of a supply port and moving it to a discharge end on the other end, and a heating means for heating the cylindrical body from outside. At least two heat treatment furnaces are provided and arranged vertically and horizontally, or placed horizontally on a plane, and a discharge port side of one heat treatment furnace and a supply port side of the other heat treatment furnace communicate with a duct, In one heat treatment furnace, a harmful component is decomposed and precipitated from the object to be treated, and at the same time, a decomposition reaction is performed to react with a treating agent comprising an alkali metal compound. It is transferred to a heat treatment furnace, and a volume reduction treatment such as carbonization is performed in the heat treatment furnace, and the cylinder is provided with a sensor mounting device including a through pipe extending in an axial direction in the cylinder. The temperature or An apparatus for treating harmful components, comprising a sensor for detecting a gas component. 3. The at least two heat treatment furnaces are arranged vertically one above the other, and a duct connects the discharge port side of the upper heat treatment furnace with the supply port side of the lower heat treatment furnace. Decomposition process to decompose and precipitate harmful components from the object to be processed in the heat treatment furnace arranged on the upper side, and to reduce the volume of the object to be treated after removing the harmful components in the heat treatment furnace arranged on the lower side The harmful component-containing treatment apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the harmful component-containing substance is subjected to a chemical treatment. 4. The harmful component-containing substance according to claim 2, wherein the upper and lower heat treatment furnaces are arranged substantially parallel to one side of the duct or on both sides of the duct. Processing equipment. 5. A heat treatment furnace for performing a decomposition treatment, wherein at least two heat treatment furnaces are provided, and respective discharge ports and a supply port of the heat treatment furnace for performing a volume reduction treatment are communicated by a duct. An apparatus for treating a harmful component-containing substance according to any one of 2, 3, and 4. 6. An apparatus for treating harmful components according to claim 5, wherein the plurality of heat treatment furnaces for decomposing are disposed on both sides of the duct or on one side of the duct. 7. A heat treatment furnace for performing volume reduction treatment, wherein at least two heat treatment furnaces are provided, and each supply port and a discharge port of the heat treatment furnace for decomposition treatment are communicated by a duct. An apparatus for treating a harmful component-containing substance according to any one of claims 3 and 4. 8. The harmful component-containing composition according to claim 7, wherein at least two heat treatment furnaces for performing volume reduction treatment are arranged in parallel on both sides of the duct or on one side of the duct. Equipment for processing objects. 9. The first and second heat treatment furnaces for at least two volume reduction treatments, wherein a discharge port of the first heat treatment furnace and a supply port of the second heat treatment furnace are connected by ducts. 8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the first heat treatment furnace communicates with the discharge port of the heat treatment furnace for decomposing the supply port of the first heat treatment furnace.
An apparatus for treating a harmful component-containing substance according to any one of claims 8 to 13. 10. A duct is set up so that an object to be processed can flow down, a heating furnace for decomposition treatment is placed horizontally on an upper part thereof, and a heating furnace for volume reduction treatment is placed horizontally on a lower part thereof. The harmful component-containing substance treating apparatus according to any one of claims 2 to 9, wherein the apparatus is disposed. 11. A heating treatment furnace for drying an object to be supplied to a heating treatment furnace for performing a decomposition treatment, wherein the heating treatment furnace is provided for drying an object to be treated. An apparatus for treating a harmful component-containing substance according to claim 1. 12. The heat treatment furnaces for drying, decomposing, and reducing the volume are placed horizontally one after another, and the outlets of the heat treatment furnaces for the drying treatment and the heat treatment furnaces for the decomposition treatment are arranged. The supply port is communicated with a duct, and the discharge port of the heat treatment furnace for decomposition treatment and the supply port of the heat treatment furnace for volume reduction treatment are communicated with another duct.
An apparatus for treating a harmful component-containing substance according to claim 1. 13. The alkali metal compound as a treatment agent is selected from at least one kind of a substance corresponding to an alkali metal compound which forms a harmless chloride by reacting with a halogen substance or a sulfide, or two or more kinds thereof. And a mixture of these.
The apparatus for treating a harmful component-containing substance according to any one of 9, 10, 11, and 12.