JPH11244813A - Treating device of harmful component-containing matter - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To realize the detoxication of a waste gas and a residue to reduce the volume of the detoxicated residue by carbonizing it in another treating furnace and to enable it to reuse by forming harmless salts by bringing the harmful component decomposed and precipitated from the matter to be treated into contact with an alkali metal compd. to react them in accordance with the character of matter to treated at the time of decomposition treatment of the matter to be treated. SOLUTION: A waste and an alkali metal compd. are heated and treated separately by plural decomposing reaction means 1 and 1' to decompose and precipitate a harmful material and simultaneously to form harmless salts by bringing the waste to contact with the alkali metal compd. to react them and to detoxicate a generated gas and a residue, then the matter to be treated subjected to the detoxicating treatment is subjected to carbonizing (ashing) treatment by another volume reducing means 2 and the carbide containing no harmful component is to taken out and can be reused.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a treatment apparatus for treating an object to be treated such as waste containing a large amount of harmful components such as halogen substances and sulfides by performing a thermal treatment such as thermal decomposition. In particular, when the harmful components (especially chlorine-based gas and sulfur oxide-based gas) contained in the object to be treated are decomposed and precipitated in the heat treatment furnace in the decomposition reaction step of the preceding step, they react with the alkali metal compound to be harmless. The generation of harmful dioxins is prevented by replacing and producing harmful salts, and in addition, the detoxification of exhaust gas and the harmful treatment are achieved, and in the next process, the harmless treatment is carried out in the pre-process. The present invention relates to a processing apparatus for reducing the volume such as carbonization or incineration in a separate heat treatment furnace so that no harmful components react and remain in the residue.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art General waste such as municipal waste, industrial waste, shredder dust, vinyl chloride and other wastes contain a large amount of halogen substances (chlorine, bromine, iodine, fluorine, astatine), especially chlorine components. If heat treatment such as incineration is performed, chlorine-based gas (hydrogen chloride,
Chlorine) is generated in large quantities, causing highly toxic dioxins to be generated in the generated gas (exhaust gas), residue after incineration (processed ash), and fly ash in the exhaust gas.

[0003] Further, objects to be treated, such as waste tires and sulfide-containing wastes such as styrofoam, are incinerated. The waste gas contains 5 to 10% by weight of a sulfide component. Therefore, when combusted, a large amount of sulfur oxide-based gas (SOx) is generated.

When waste is incinerated in an incinerator as a means for removing such harmful components, an alkaline substance (lime powder) is sprayed into the incinerator to make contact reaction with chlorine-based gas in exhaust gas generated by the incineration. To produce harmless chlorides (calcium chloride) to make the exhaust gas harmless (for example,
JP-A-54-93864).

In addition, a calcium-based alkali substance, for example, lime (CaCO ₃ ) slaked lime (Ca (OH) ₂ ) is added to incinerate, or these substances are loaded into a filter to allow SOx gas to pass therethrough. Can be removed by
JP-B-2-10341, JP-A-1-296007,
This is known from JP-A-59-12733.

[0006] These conventional techniques all attempt to remove harmful components in a post-process after once generating a gas of harmful components from an object to be treated.

[0007] Instead of incineration, there is also known a method of subjecting a substance to be treated to thermal decomposition (dry distillation) and reducing the volume of the residue after decomposition by carbonization or incineration.

[0008] As this processing method, pyrolysis is performed using a single rotary processing furnace (rotary kiln), the discharged residue is incinerated with a stoker, the pyrolysis gas is burned in a reburning chamber, and the generated high-temperature is generated. After passing the gas through a boiler or the like, the gas is guided to a reaction tower, where the slaked lime slurry is sprayed and reacted with the exhaust gas in the same manner as described above (for example, JP-A-5-33916).

Further, the waste is heat-treated by a low-temperature carbonization method in a rotary processing furnace to convert it into a low-temperature carbonized gas and a pyrolysis residue, which is burned in a high-temperature combustion furnace to produce a molten liquid slag. For cooling and solidifying it into a glassy state, and treating the generated gas with a boiler, a removal filter and a gas purifying device and discharging the gas (for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-510789).
Etc.

As another method, when an object to be treated is heat-treated in a heat treatment furnace, an appropriate amount of an alkaline additive which easily reacts with the chlorine component is mixed and heated to fix the chlorine component in the treated ash. A method has also been proposed in which harmless exhaust gas is obtained by converting the treated ash to a chlorine component by washing with water or the like (JP-A-9-155326).

[0011]

The above-mentioned method based on incineration treatment is a treatment at a place close to the generation source because the alkali substance is sprayed into the incinerator. After processing.

Therefore, according to this method, although the effect of removing chlorine-based gas can be expected to some extent, it is difficult to sufficiently satisfy the emission standard values of various gases according to the revised laws and regulations.

[0013] Moreover, because of incineration, the reaction temperature is high, and it is difficult to maintain a stable reaction. Further, spraying a large amount adversely affects the original combustion (generation of unburned phenomena), making it difficult for incineration itself to satisfy the emission standard values of various gases according to laws and regulations.

Further, in the method by the dry distillation treatment, the object to be treated is thermally decomposed without burning, so that the instability factor as in an incinerator is easily removed. However, when the alkali substance is sprayed into the heat treatment furnace as in the incinerator, only the same effect as in the case of the incineration treatment can be expected.

In each of the above-mentioned treatment methods, when the exhaust gas contains a large amount of harmful components (particularly chlorine-based gas and sulfur oxide-based gas), the facilities such as the heat treatment furnace and the flue are significantly corroded. As a result, there is a possibility that the durability of the facility may be reduced, the exhaust gas may leak, etc., and maintenance may be difficult.

Further, in the case of waste containing a sulfide component, when a calcium-based alkali substance is added and incinerated, CaO or the like reacted with the sulfur oxide-based gas becomes CaSO ₄ (calcium sulfur, which is commonly called gypsum. When it absorbs moisture, it solidifies, making post-treatment extremely difficult.

In any of the above-mentioned processing methods, once a harmful component gas is generated from the object to be processed, a chlorine-based gas, a sulfur oxide-based gas, Since dioxins are removed, they cannot be sufficiently removed, and a problem has occurred.

In order to solve these problems, the applicant of the present application has proposed to mix an alkaline additive during the heat treatment (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-15532).
6).

In each of the above-mentioned treatment methods by dry distillation, the treatment for thermally decomposing the object to be treated to deposit a decomposition gas is performed in a single treatment furnace. In other words, the process is performed in a series of processes in which an object to be processed is supplied from one supply port of a single processing furnace and carbide is discharged from the other discharge port. In this series of processes,
Heating treatment (for example, 1 hour,
(300 ° C. to 600 ° C.), the processing of drying → pyrolysis → volume reduction (carbonization) of the object is continuously performed.

The temperature at which harmful components such as halogen substances are thermally decomposed and deposited from the material to be treated is 200 ° C. to 35 ° C.
At about 0 ° C., the harmful components and the treating agent react to form harmless chlorides, but some harmful components may be in an unreacted state.

Further, the object to be treated is agitated, and there is a possibility that unreacted harmful component gas generated may be caught in the object to be treated. If it does, it will be adsorbed by carbides.

When the generated carbide, harmful component gas, and generated dioxins are simultaneously present in the processing furnace, the carbide adsorbs these gases and dioxins, and removes the adsorbed dioxins from the carbide. It is very difficult.

Therefore, it is difficult to reuse the generated carbide, and it is necessary to bury it as a residue in a final disposal site or to process it by another means such as melting at a very high temperature.

The properties of the object to be processed are not constant, and may vary greatly depending on the time and place. The heat treatment furnace is controlled by controlling the heating temperature and the heating time depending on the properties of the object to be processed. However, there is a limit to performing the heat treatment in a single heat treatment furnace.

Therefore, an object to be solved by the present invention is to contact a harmful component decomposed and precipitated from an object to be treated with an alkali metal compound in accordance with the properties of the object during the decomposition treatment of the object. By forming harmless salts, the harmlessness of the exhaust gas and the residue is realized, and the harmless residue is reduced in volume in a separate processing furnace by carbonization or the like, and can be reused.

[0026]

According to experiments by the inventors, when a calcium-based treating agent such as calcium carbonate is added, some effect can be expected as compared with the case where it is not added, but it is not sufficient. It has been found that a plurality of harmful components can be effectively removed by using a sodium or potassium alkali metal compound as a treating agent.

That is, it has been known that a halogen substance (particularly, a chlorine-based gas) and an alkali substance react with each other to form harmless chloride when they come into contact with each other. In the case of heat-treating an object to be treated containing a component and a sulfur component, a treating agent comprising an alkali metal compound is added, and a decomposition reaction is caused by a contact reaction with a chlorine-based gas and a sulfur oxide-based gas which are decomposed and precipitated. Harmful components can be removed from the gas and replaced with harmless salts (chlorides and sulfites) to produce harmless exhaust gas, which can be used effectively as fuel. (Of course, it can be discharged into the atmosphere as it is after exhaust gas treatment to remove dust.) In addition, the residue also becomes harmless, and these salts remaining in the residue are directly dissolved in a solution such as water. What you can do.

In addition, it has been found that when a metal component is present in the treated product, a harmless residue is obtained, so that metals and carbides can be recovered from the residue and reused. Furthermore, as a result of the examination, if the heat treatment furnace for the decomposition reaction step in the preceding step and the heat treatment furnace for the reduced volume material treatment step in the subsequent step are treated in separate treatment furnaces, a single heat treatment as in the related art can be performed. Decomposed harmful components (especially,
Chlorine-based gas, sulfur oxide-based gas) is not trapped and left in the stirred object to be processed, and
When heat treatment is performed in a heat treatment furnace, the conditions under which the harmful components are decomposed and precipitated differ depending on the properties of the object to be treated, and it has also been found that suitable treatment is difficult with only a single heat treatment furnace.
The present invention has been made based on the results of these experimental studies.

Therefore, a specific means for solving the problems according to the present invention is to provide a treatment apparatus for harmful components which performs thermal treatment such as thermal decomposition of the object containing harmful components and then reduces the volume by carbonization or the like. Decomposition to decompose and remove harmful components from the material to be treated by thermal treatment, and to make harmless salts by contacting and reacting with alkali metal compounds to detoxify exhaust gas and detoxify the material to be treated A reaction processing furnace, a reduced volume heating processing furnace for reducing the volume of the object processed in the decomposition reaction processing furnace, and a duct for guiding the processed object in the decomposition reaction processing furnace to the reduced volume heating processing furnace. The decomposition reaction processing furnace and the volume reduction processing furnace have a cylindrical body having a supply port for supplying an object to be processed on one end side and a discharge port for discharging the same on the other end side, and an inside of the cylindrical body. Stir the workpiece from the supply port side to the discharge port side. It is composed of a means for transferring loosely, and a heating means for heating the cylindrical body from the outside. At least two decomposition reaction treatment furnaces are provided, each of which has a discharge port and a supply port of the volume reduction heat treatment furnace. The temperature and the heating time of the decomposition reaction processing furnace can be individually controlled depending on the nature of the object to be processed by a duct.

That is, in the decomposition reaction treatment furnace, the object to be treated and the alkali metal compound are added to
When heated to ~ 350 ° C, the gas decomposed and precipitated from the object to be treated is contacted with the alkali metal compound present in the vicinity at the same time as the generation, and is replaced and generated with harmless salts. To be processed.

The alkali metal compound as a treating agent is as follows: (1) A single alkali metal compound or a mixture of a plurality of alkali metal compounds.

(2) The alkali metal compound is a hydroxide,
Carbonate substance.

(3) Hydroxides and carbonates are sodium-based and potassium-based substances.

(4) The treating agent is (a) sodium bicarbonate, also known as acidic sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate or sodium bicarbonate.

(B) Sodium carbonate, also called sodium carbonate, soda, soda ash, washing soda, and crystal soda.

(C) sodium sesquicarbonate, also known as sodium bicarbonate-bicarbonate, sodium tricarbonate, sodium sesquicarbonate, (d) natural soda, also known as trona, (e) potassium carbonate, (f) potassium hydrogen carbonate ( g) Sodium potassium carbonate (h) Sodium hydroxide (i) Potassium hydroxide A simple substance selected from the group consisting of two or more kinds are used in combination.

Under the above conditions, when an object containing a harmful component is treated with a treatment agent for an alkali metal compound in a decomposition reaction furnace, harmful hydrogen chloride (HCl) is converted into harmless chloride by the following reaction formula. Is generated by substitution,
Harmful sulfur oxides (SOx) are replaced with harmless sulfites.

That is, when the harmful component is hydrogen chloride (HCl), sodium hydrogen carbonate (NaHCO ₃ ) + (HCl) → (NaCl) + (H
₂ O) + (CO ₂ ) potassium hydrogen carbonate (KHCO ₃ ) + (HCl) → (KCl) + (H ₂ O) +
(CO ₂ ) Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) + (HCl) → (NaCl) + (H ₂ O) Potassium hydroxide (KOH) + (HCl) → (KCl) + (H ₂ O) In the case of oxide (SOx), sodium hydrogen carbonate (NaHCO ₃ ) → (NaOH) + (CO ₂ ) (2NaOH) + (SO ₂ ) → (Na ₂ SO ₃ ) + (H
₂ O) Potassium hydrogen carbonate (KHCO ₃ ) → (KOH) + (CO ₂ ) (2KOH) + (SO ₂ ) → (K ₂ CO ₃ ) + (H ₂ O) Sodium hydroxide (2NaOH) + (SO ₂ ) → (Na ₂ SO ₃ ) + (2H ₂
O) Potassium hydroxide (2KOH) + (SO ₂ ) → (K ₂ SO ₃ ) + (H ₂ O) Potassium sodium carbonate (Na ₂ CO ₃ + K ₂ CO ₃ ) + (2SO ₂ ) → (Na ₂ SO)
₃ ) + (K ₂ SO ₃ ) + (2CO ₂ ), and HCl is harmless sodium chloride (NaCl, K
Cl) and SOx are harmless sulfites (Na ₂ SO ₃ , K
₂ SO ₃ ), which can make harmful components harmless.

Further, the two decomposition reaction treatment furnaces are arranged in such a manner that the duct is placed sideways, and the duct is interposed at both ends at right angles to the duct. The duct is arranged at the other end side in a direction perpendicular to the duct or in a linear direction. In this case, a transfer means such as a conveyor or a screw for moving an object to be processed from the decomposition reaction processing furnace to the volume reduction heating processing furnace is provided inside the duct.

This transfer means can also be provided by erecting a duct (vertically or inclined at a predetermined angle), disposing a decomposition reaction furnace at the upper part, and placing a reduced volume heat treatment furnace at the lower part, and letting the object flow down (special). Without any means of transport).

At this time, the decomposition reaction treatment furnace is arranged horizontally on both sides of the duct, or is arranged substantially parallel to one side of the duct.

The heat treatment of these decomposition reaction treatment furnaces may be performed in the same heat treatment furnace or in different heat treatment furnaces by separating the process of drying the object and the process of decomposing harmful components.

Next, the detoxified object is reduced in volume in a volumetric heat treatment furnace. The volume reduction treatment in this volume reduction heat treatment furnace is performed by carbonization or incineration, and the processing temperature is as follows:
The treatment is performed at 350 ° C. to 700 ° C. at which the object is carbonized, or at 800 ° C. or more at which incineration occurs.

The heating means is formed by a heating coil (resistor or induction heating) surrounding the cylindrical body, and is heated by energization, or a heating cylinder (gas duct) surrounding the cylindrical body is provided. Heating is performed by introducing a hot gas into the cylinder, or both heating means are used in combination.

The cylindrical body does not necessarily need to be rotatable, and means (such as a screw) for fixing and transferring the object to be processed may be provided inside the cylindrical body. A driven gear is provided, and the driven gear is rotationally driven by a motor. Further, driven gears are provided on the outer periphery of each cylindrical body of the heat treatment furnace installed above and below, and both driven gears are rotationally driven by a common motor.

By using the apparatus for treating harmful components as described above, decomposition and precipitation of harmful substances and contact reaction treatment with an alkali metal compound can be appropriately performed in accordance with the properties of the article to be treated, thereby reducing the volume. More complete detoxification of the processed material can be realized.

The exhaust gas in each of the above heat treatment furnaces is:
The waste gas is treated by known exhaust gas combustion means or a known means such as a bag filter, and then released into the atmosphere.

[0048]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. As described above, the present invention provides, as a processing apparatus for heat-treating an object to be treated containing a harmful substance such as a halogen substance and a sulfide, two decomposition reaction furnaces for decomposing and depositing a harmful substance from the object to be treated. A heat treatment furnace different from the volume reduction heat treatment furnace for reducing the volume of the object after decomposition and precipitation of this harmful substance by carbonization treatment is provided, and at least two decomposition reaction treatment furnaces are provided. It has a special feature. FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of a waste treatment facility for explaining the basic concept.

In FIG. 1, reference numerals 10 and 10 'denote decomposition reaction processing furnaces, and reference numeral 20 denotes a volume reduction heating processing furnace. The decomposition reaction processing furnaces 10 and 10 ′ include a rotatable cylindrical body 11 and the cylindrical body 1.
A heating cylinder 12 for forming a gas duct on the outer periphery of the cylindrical body 1 and introducing a hot gas to heat the cylindrical body 11, and a supply port provided at one end of the cylindrical body 11 for supplying an object to be processed into the cylindrical body 11; 13 and an outlet 1 provided at the other end of the cylindrical body 11
4 and the cylindrical body 11 is rotationally driven by the rotational driving means 15. The rotation driving means 15 includes a driving motor 15a, a driving gear 15b, and a driven gear 15c provided on the cylindrical body 11. 16 is a supply duct surrounding the supply port 13 side, 17 is a discharge duct surrounding the discharge port 14 side, 18 is a heating coil (induction heating or resistor), and the outer circumference of the cylindrical body 11 on both sides of the heating cylinder 12. In addition, the heating means is provided in a non-contact and close proximity to the cylindrical body 11 and constitutes a heating means together with the heating cylinder 12.

In the figure, reference numeral 19 denotes a cylinder for mounting a temperature sensor, P
Indicates a dynamic seal.

The decomposition reaction processing furnaces 10, 10 '
As shown by (1) and (1 '), two units having the same configuration are provided.

The volume reducing heat treatment furnace 20 has the same basic configuration as the decomposition reaction treatment furnace 10 described above. Therefore, the same or corresponding part is designated by the same digit after 20 (for example, 21 is a cylindrical body, 22 is a heating cylinder), and description thereof is omitted.

Reference numeral 30 denotes a hopper, which is a mixture of an object to be treated and a treatment agent composed of an alkali metal compound, which is charged into the hopper 30 through a supply port 13 of the cylinder 11 via an opening / closing valve (opening / closing door) 31. Supply. The material to be treated may be any of solid matter such as general waste and industrial waste, ash, and sludge.

The hopper 30 may have a crushing function and a function of mixing the processing agent, and may mix the processing agent while crushing the solid material. May be mixed and charged.

The cylindrical body 11 of the decomposition reaction processing furnaces 10 and (10 ') and the cylindrical body 21 of the volume reduction heating processing furnace 20 are disposed horizontally in the vertical direction, and the discharge side duct of the cylindrical body 11 17 and the supply port 23 of the cylindrical body 21 are communicated via an opening / closing valve (opening / closing door) 32.
The discharge side duct 27 of the cylindrical body 21 communicates with the dissolving tank 34 via an opening / closing valve (opening / closing door) 33, and discharges the residue after the heat treatment and the reacted processing agent.

Reference numeral 35 denotes a combustion device, for example, when burning LNG, burns LNG from the LNG tank 36 to generate hot gas. This hot gas is supplied into a heating cylinder 22 provided on the outer periphery of the cylindrical body 21 and heats the cylindrical body 21.
It is fed into the heating cylinder 12 of the cylindrical body 11 of the decomposition reaction processing furnace 10 and (10 ') through the connecting pipe 37, and after heating this cylindrical body 11, it is sent out to the drying means 39 through the discharge pipe 38. Then, after being used as heat of the drying means, it is sent to the combustion means 42 via the pipe 41.

The combustion means 42 includes a discharge duct 17 for the decomposition reaction treatment 10 and a supply duct 2 for the volume-reducing heat treatment furnace 20.
The gas in 6 and the gas sent from the combustion device 35 and used for each heating unit are burned and sent to the bag filter 40 in the next step.

In the combustion means 42, the gas is burned to remove the tar content, and the gas is cooled and sent to a temperature lower than the endurable temperature of the bag filter 40.

In the bag filter 40, after the reaction treatment with the treating agent, the unreacted treating agent is sent to the hopper 30 for reuse.
The exhaust gas is sent to an exhaust gas combustion section 43, where the exhaust gas is subjected to combustion processing by LNG or the like, and is discharged from a chimney 44.

Reference numeral 45 denotes a dehydrating means, which separates the aqueous solution in the dissolving tank 34 into solid and liquid, and solids are dried by the drying means 39.
The liquid discharged to the carbide hopper 46 is neutralized by a water treatment means 47 with a neutralizing agent or the like, and then returned to the dissolving tank 34 for reuse.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the cylinders 11 and 21 having a plurality of blades S therein.
The object to be processed and the mixture of the object to be processed and the processing agent supplied inside are moved from the supply port side to the discharge port side while stirring. In order to smooth this movement, the cylindrical bodies 11, 21
May be installed with the supply port side inclined slightly higher than the discharge port side.

FIG. 3 shows two decomposition reaction processing furnaces 10 and 10 ′ of the processing apparatus of FIG. 1 as decomposition reaction means 1 and 1 ′, a volume reduction heating processing furnace 20 as volume reduction means 2 and a duct 3. (A) is a side view, (B)
Shows a front view.

The duct 3 is erected (upright or inclined) so that the material to be processed can easily flow down, and two decomposition reaction means 1, 1 ′ are disposed above the duct 3 so as to be substantially parallel to the same surface of the duct 3. The volume reducing means is arranged below the duct in the same direction as the decomposition reaction means.

Reference numeral 4 denotes an opening / closing door (opening / closing valve) provided in the duct 3 and capable of controlling the flow rate of the processing object.

Next, a series of processing methods will be described.
First, LNG is burned by the combustion device 35 to generate hot gas, which is supplied to the heating cylinders 22 and 12. If necessary, AC power is supplied to the heating coils 18 and 28 so that the cylindrical body 2
Heat 1,11. Next, (or at the same time) a mixture of an object to be treated containing a harmful substance such as a halogen substance and a sulfide and a treatment agent composed of an alkali metal compound, or a decomposition reaction treatment furnace 10, 10 from the hopper 30 while mixing. ′.

In the heat treatment in the decomposition reaction furnaces 10 and 10 ′, the heat treatment is performed according to the properties of the material to be treated and separated and supplied to each of the decomposition reaction furnaces 10 and 10 ′ to remove harmful substances contained in the material to be treated. Decomposition / deposition temperature or treatment time is adjusted according to the properties. That is, HC1 gas and SOx from the processing object
The temperature and time at which the gas is deposited are investigated in advance to understand the properties of the object to be treated, and the treatment is performed at a temperature (200 ° C. to 350 ° C.) and time that can sufficiently cover the result of the investigation.

After the harmful substances are precipitated and made harmless, the object to be treated is sent to the supply port 23 of the cylindrical body 21 of the volume-reducing heat treatment furnace 20 through the duct 17 and the opening / closing valve 32.
Here, the temperature at which the material to be treated is carbonized (carbonization of paper starts at about 350 ° C.) Carbonization by heating to 350 ° C. to 700 ° C. or incineration by heating to 800 ° C. or more to reduce the volume I do. Since the chlorine-based gas components and dioxins do not exist in the volume-reducing heat treatment furnace 20 in the volume-reducing step, these chlorine-based gases and dioxins are adsorbed on the carbonized or incinerated material to be treated. Never.

The reduced volume of the object to be treated and the treated agent that has been reacted are passed through a duct 27 and an opening / closing valve 33 to a melting tank 34.
Is discharged into In the dissolving tank 34, the reduced volume of the object to be treated, the treated agent after the reaction, and the like are dissolved in water, and this is separated into a solid and a liquid by a dehydrating means 45, and the solid is dried. After drying at 39, the liquid is taken out from the carbide hopper 46. On the other hand, the liquid is recovered by treating the treated agent with the water treatment means 47, injected with a neutralizing agent and the like, treated, and returned to the dissolution tank 43 for reuse. .

The temperature control means of the decomposition reaction processing furnace and the volume-reducing heat processing furnace is performed as follows. In the decomposition reaction processing furnaces 10 and (10 ′), a valve (open / close valve or 3) is connected to the communication pipe 37 with the heating cylinder 22 of the volume reduction heating processing furnace 20.
Means for controlling the opening and closing of this valve, or for providing a plurality of connecting pipes 37 to select the number of tubes to be used by controlling the opening and closing of the valve, or for the alternating current supplied to the heating coil 18 or the frequency in the case of induction heating. Is performed by means for controlling In these controls, the gas concentration of HCl or the like in the duct 17 is automatically or manually controlled by the temperature detected by the gas concentration meter 45 or the temperature sensor provided in the temperature sensor mounting tube 19.

The temperature control means of the volume-reducing heat treatment furnace 20 is substantially the same as that described above.
The main control is NG combustion means. These controls are also performed by a gas concentration meter 4 for measuring the HCl concentration in the ducts 26 and 27.
6, 47 and the temperature detected by the temperature sensor in the temperature sensor mounting cylinder 29 is controlled.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, as a means for stirring and moving an object to be treated in a decomposition reaction furnace and a volume reducing heat treatment furnace, a blade is provided in the cylinder and the cylinder itself is provided. It is a case where the cylindrical body is rotated and moved, but it is not always necessary to rotate the cylindrical body, the cylindrical body is fixed, a long screw body is provided in the internal axial direction, and the screw body is rotationally driven from the outside. You may do so.

In the above description, the heating means for heating the cylindrical body employs both the heating by the hot gas and the heating by the heating coil. However, any one of the heating means may be used.

Since the time and temperature are related to the state of the heating furnace (conditions depending on the furnace such as the size and the heating means), the processing amount, the processing time, the processing temperature, etc. It needs to be done well, and it is necessary to collect and store data.

When the heating in the decomposition reaction furnace is not “combustion and incineration” but “steaming and thermal decomposition”, the harmful HCl gas, SOx gas and alkali metal compound treating agent which are deposited Can be effectively contact-reacted, and harmful HCl gas can be replaced with harmless sodium chloride and SOx gas can be replaced with harmless sulfite.

In the decomposition reaction processing furnace 10 (10 '), a decomposition gas containing HCl and SOx components is generated.
The HCl and SOx components immediately react with the added alkali metal compound, for example, sodium hydrogen carbonate, and are harmless sodium chloride (NaCl) and sulfite (Na ₂ SO ₃ ).
To remove harmful HCl and SOx from the decomposition gas. Thereby, the detoxification of the HCl and SOx components in the decomposition gas and the detoxification of the residue can be performed at the same time.

When the object to be treated and the alkali metal compound are heat-treated in the heat treatment furnace, the decomposed chlorine gas and sulfur oxide gas react with the alkali metal compound to render the decomposed gas harmless and the residue harmless. The reason why the conversion can be performed at the same time became clear by the following experimental investigation.

In the experiment, a low-oxygen atmosphere was created in a closed vessel equipped with an exhaust pipe and having an open / close door, a sample was placed in the closed vessel, heated in an electric furnace, and heated from 250 ° C. to 600 ° C. for 5 minutes.
Hold at each temperature for 5 minutes at intervals of 0 ° C., open the exhaust pipe at the time of temperature rise and keep, and open the hydrogen chloride gas (HCl) concentration (pp
m) was measured. In addition, the measurement was also performed at 600 ° C to 1000 ° C.

The gas concentration was measured using a detector tube specified in JIS-K0804.

Table 1 shows the measurement results. The hydrogen chloride gas concentration is a measured value in ten experiments, and Examples 1 to 5 show the highest values, and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 show the lowest values.

Note that "ND" represents "not detected",
It shows that none was detected in 10 experiments.

In the experiment, first, a preliminary test was conducted using only 4 g of polyvinylidene chloride containing a large amount of a chlorine component. The results are shown in Comparative Example 1 of Table 1.

Next, an experiment was conducted by adding 20 g each of slaked lime and calcium carbonate powders conventionally known as dechlorinating agents. The results are shown in Comparative Examples 2 and 3.

Next, polyvinylidene chloride and vinyl chloride, which generate a large amount of hydrogen chloride when heated, were selected as the objects to be treated. Table 1 shows the dechlorinating agents using the alkaline substance of the present invention. Experiments were performed with several substances selected and added.

In Examples 1 and 2, when 20 g of the sodium hydrogencarbonate powder of the present invention was added to 4 g of polyvinylidene chloride and 4 g of vinyl chloride to be treated, Examples 3 to 5 were the same. In the case where 10 g of potassium hydrogencarbonate, 20 g of sodium hydroxide, and 20 g of potassium hydroxide of the present invention were added to 4 g of polyvinylidene chloride as a treated material, respectively, the treated material and the dechlorinating agent were mixed in each of the examples. Was done. Table 1 shows the results.

[0085]

[Table 1]

From the experimental results shown in Table 1, the following is considered.

First, when polyvinylidene chloride containing a large amount of a chlorine component is to be treated, in Comparative Example 1 in which a dechlorinating agent is not added, a large amount of hydrogen chloride gas is generated over each temperature due to the heat treatment. In Comparative Example 2 in which slaked lime, which is a conventional dechlorinating agent, was added to this object, and in Comparative Example 3 in which calcium carbonate was added, although the generation of hydrogen chloride gas was considerably suppressed as compared with Comparative Example 1, Not enough.

On the other hand, in this experiment, trace amounts (1 ppm, 2 pp) of Example 4 and Example 5 at 450 ° C.
Although hydrogen chloride gas of m) was detected, other than that, it was not detected at all over the entire temperature range, and very good results were obtained.

Further, even when sodium chloride is added using vinyl chloride as an object to be treated, as shown in Example 2, the production of hydrogen chloride is completely suppressed in any temperature range. I have.

From the above experimental investigation, it can be confirmed that in the case of the dechlorination treatment, the detoxification treatment can be performed by adding an alkali metal compound which reacts with a chlorine-based gas to produce a harmless chloride. Was.

Further, an experiment was performed using a solidified fuel (hereinafter, referred to as RDF) containing a sulfur component as a sample to be treated.

The RDF is a solidified product so as to be combustible. In a broad sense, (1) kitchen wastes (meat, fish heads, bones, eggshells, vegetables, fruits, etc., and are referred to as “compost”) (2) Plastics (polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyvinylidene chloride, etc.) (3) Papers (tissue paper, newspaper, advertising paper, bags, boxes, beverage packs, etc.) (4) ) A solidified mixture of other combustible materials (fibers such as cloth, wood chips, rubber, leather, etc.).

In a narrow sense, (2), (3) and (4) which do not include the compost of (1) are referred to.

The RDF of such a sample was crushed, and several kinds of substances were used from among the alkali metal compounds according to the present invention.
A comparative experiment was performed using uncrushed RDF.

It should be noted that a generally known processed RD
The sulfur component of F contains about 1.0% by weight, and the plastic RDF contains 0.29 to 0.89% by weight of a chlorine component. In addition, waste paper RDF is 0.2% by weight.
Contains a chlorine component.

In the experiment, heating was performed in the same electric furnace as above,
The temperature was maintained at 250 ° C. to 600 ° C. at 50 ° intervals for 5 minutes at each temperature, and the concentrations of HCl gas and SO ₂ gas (ppm) were measured at the time of heating and keeping the temperature by opening the exhaust pipe.

Tables 2 and 3 show the measurement results. H
The Cl gas and SO ₂ gas concentrations were measured values in ten experiments, and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 in Table 2 were the lowest values, while Example 1 in Table 1 was the lowest value.
To 7 indicate the highest values.

Note that "ND" represents "not detected",
It shows that none was detected in 10 experiments.

First, 40 g of RDF of the above sample was crushed, and 10 g of NaHCO ₃ was added thereto as a treating agent and 4 g of this sample were added to Examples 1 and 2, respectively. in the 20 g, KHCO ₃ and 3g and Na ₂ CO ₃ as a processing agent + K ₂ CO ₃ and 3
g were added to Examples 3 and 4, respectively.
Examples 5 and 6 were obtained by adding 3 g of NaOH and KOH as processing agents to 20 g of crushed DF, and further obtained by adding 10 g of NaHCO ₃ as a processing agent to 40 g of lump that did not crush RDF. As Example 7, the HCl concentration and the SO ₂ concentration of each sample were measured. Table 2 shows the results.

[0100]

[Table 2]

Next, a conventionally known processed RDF
Those obtained by using 40 g and 20 g of crushed RDF were referred to as Comparative Examples 1 and 2, respectively, and those obtained by using 40 g of lump without crushing RDF were used as Comparative Example 3.
The HCl concentration and the SO ₂ concentration were measured for each. Table 3 shows the results.

[0102]

[Table 3]

From the experimental results in Tables 2 and 3, the following is considered.

In the case of hydrogen chloride (HCl) (1) When crushed, a very small amount was detected at 400 ° C. in Example 4, but was not detected in other examples, and very good results were obtained.

It can be seen that even when compared with Comparative Examples 1 and 2, it is considerably reduced.

(2) In the case of lumps, it was slightly detected as compared with the case where crushed at 350 to 450 ° C., but it can be seen that it was considerably reduced as compared with Comparative Example 3.

In the case of sulfide gas (SO ₂ ): (1) When crushed, SO ₂ is slightly generated at 400 to 450 ° C., but very good as a whole (Example 1)
~ 6).

It can be seen that Comparative Examples 1 and 2 are considerably reduced.

(2) In the case of a lump, 350 to 45
Although slightly more SO ₂ is generated than when crushed at 0 ° C., it is good as a whole (Example 7).

It can be seen that even when compared with Comparative Example 3, it is considerably reduced.

According to the above experimental investigation, when treating a treated product containing a chlorine component and a sulfur component, harmful HCl
And reacting with SOx to generate harmless chlorides and sulfites,
It was confirmed that HCl and SOx could be detoxified.

Although the same dechlorination effect is obtained even at 600 ° C. or higher, it may be determined based on the type of equipment, time, amount of treatment, and the like.

The reason why HCl and SOx can be detoxified by adding an alkali metal compound for the treatment is as follows.
According to the following reaction.

(A) Reaction in the case of HCl The reason why harmful hydrogen chloride is replaced with harmless chloride is produced from the following reaction.

Sodium hydrogen carbonate (NaHCO ₃ ) + (HCl) → (NaCl) + (H
₂ O) + (CO ₂ ) potassium hydrogen carbonate (KHCO ₃ ) + (HCl) → (KCl) + (H ₂ O) +
(CO ₂ ) Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) + (HCl) → (NaCl) + (H ₂ O) Potassium hydroxide (KOH) + (HCl) → (KCl) + (H ₂ O) Especially in the case of hydrogen carbonate Is remarkable, this is because
First, CO ₂ is separated at a temperature lower than the temperature (250 ° C. or higher) at which hydrogen chloride (HCl) decomposes and precipitates, so that an atmosphere state in which the reaction between the remaining NaOH and KOH and the generated HCl can be performed smoothly. It is thought that it is.

That is, the reaction state is sodium hydrogen carbonate (NaHCO ₃ ) → (NaOH) + (CO ₂ ) (NaOH) + (HCl) → (NaCl) + (H ₂ O) Potassium hydrogen carbonate (KHCO ₃₎ ) → (KOH) + (CO ₂ ) (KOH) + (HCl) → (KCl) + (H ₂ O), and NaOH, KOH and HCl react rapidly to form harmless chlorides (NaCl, KCl). Is newly generated.

On the other hand, in the case of calcium carbonate (CaCO ₃ ) and slaked lime (Ca (OH) ₂ ), harmless chloride (CaCl) is similarly produced, but the reaction with Ca seems not to be smooth.

NaCl, KCl produced as described above
Is a harmless chloride. In addition to the above substances, N
There are the following sodium-based and potassium-based substances that produce aCl and KCl, and similar effects can be obtained.

Sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, sodium potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate hydrate, sodium sesquicarbonate, natural soda.

Next, the chlorine-based material after the treatment was confirmed.

As a result of analyzing the obtained residue, no harmful chlorine-based gas components were detected, and harmless chlorides such as sodium chloride and potassium chloride were detected. Further, the residue was stirred for 10 minutes and washed with water, so that sodium chloride and potassium chloride were dissolved in water and a carbide remained, but no harmful chlorine-based gas component was detected in the carbide.

Therefore, the harmful chlorine components are sodium chloride (NaCl) and potassium chloride (K
Cl), water (H ₂ O), and gas (CO ₂ ), do not generate hydrogen chloride that causes dioxin, and can achieve harmlessness of exhaust gas and residues.

(B) In the case of SOx reaction The reason why harmful SOx is replaced with harmless sulfite and formed is apparent from the following reaction.

Sodium hydrogen carbonate (NaHCO ₃ ) → (NaOH) + (CO ₂ ) (2NaOH) + (SO ₂ ) → (Na ₂ SO ₃ ) + (H
₂ O) Potassium hydrogen carbonate (KHCO ₃ ) → (KOH) + (CO ₂ ) (2KOH) + (SO ₂ ) → (K ₂ SO ₃ ) + (H ₂ O) Sodium hydroxide (2NaOH) + (SO ₂ ) → Na ₂ SO ₃ ) + (2H
₂ O) potassium hydroxide _{(2KOH) + (SO 2)} → (K 2 SO 3) + (H 2 O) potassium sodium carbonate _{(Na 2 HCO 3 + K 2} CO 3) + (2SO 2) → (Na 2 S
O ₃ ) + (K ₂ SO ₃ ) + (2CO ₂ ) In particular, the effect is remarkable in the case of a hydrogen carbonate system.
First, CO ₂ is separated at a temperature lower than the temperature (300 ° C. or higher) at which the sulfurized gas (SO ₂ ) decomposes and precipitates, so that the remaining alkali metal hydroxide (NaOH, KOH) and the generated SO ₂ It is considered that the atmosphere was such that the reaction could be performed smoothly.

That is, when the reaction state is sodium hydrogen carbonate, (NaHCO ₃ ) → (NaOH) + (CO ₂ ) (2NaOH) + (SO ₂ ) → (Na ₂ SO ₃ ) + (H
₂ O) Potassium hydrogen carbonate (KHCO ₃ ) → (KOH) + (CO ₂ ) (2KOH) + (SO ₂ ) → (K ₂ SO ₃ ) + (H ₂ O), and NaOH, KOH and SO ₂ It reacts quickly to produce harmless chlorides (Na ₂ SO ₃ , K ₂ SO ₃ ). Was produced as described above, Na ₂ SO ₃ (sodium sulfite), K ₂ SO ₃ (potassium sulfite) is a harmless sulfite, in addition to the above substances, likewise, Na ₂
There are the following sodium-based and potassium-based substances that generate SO ₃ and K ₂ SO ₃ , and similar effects can be obtained.

Sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, sodium potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate hydrate, sodium sesquicarbonate, natural soda.

Next, the sulfide after the treatment was confirmed.

As a result of analyzing the obtained residue, harmful SO was detected.
No x gas component was detected, and potassium metal salts (Na ₂ SO ₃ , K ₂ SO ₃ ), which are harmless sulfites, were detected.

Further, by stirring the residue for 10 minutes and washing with water, the alkali metal salt of sulfite is easily dissolved in water, hydrolyzed to exhibit alkalinity, and (Na ₂ SO ₃ ) + (2H ₂ O) → (2NaOH) + (H ₂
SO ₃ ) (K ₂ SO ₃ ) + (2H ₂ O) → (2KOH) + (H ₂ SO
₃ ) These substances were dissolved in water and carbide remained, but no harmful SOx gas component was detected in the carbide.

Therefore, the harmful SOx components become a part of the residue, such as sodium sulfite (powder) (Na ₂ SO ₃ ), potassium sulfite (powder) (K ₂ SO ₃ ), moisture (H ₂ O),
Gas (CO ₂ ), preventing the generation of SOx gas,
It was confirmed that the detoxification of SOx gas can be realized from the decomposition gas and the residue.

The treating agents used for the treatment of harmful components include: (1) a simple substance of an alkali metal compound, a mixture of plural kinds thereof, (2) the alkali metal compound is a substance of hydroxide or carbonate, and (3) Hydroxides and carbonates are sodium-based and potassium-based substances. (4) The desulfurizing agent is sodium bicarbonate, sodium carbonate, sodium sesquicarbonate, natural soda, potassium carbonate, potassium bicarbonate, sodium potassium carbonate, sodium hydroxide. It has also been found that a single substance selected from the group consisting of, potassium hydroxide, and a mixture of plural kinds are suitable.

Therefore, the harmful components (chlorine-based gas and sulfur oxide-based gas) in the generated decomposition gas are contacted with the added treating agent, so that the harmful components are harmless sodium chloride (NaCl, KCl) and sulfite. (Na ₂ SO ₃ , K ₂
Since SO ₃ is replaced and generated, harmful components (chlorine-based gas and sulfur oxide-based gas) can be eliminated from the decomposition gas and the residue, and harmless decomposition gas and harmless residue can be obtained.

The detoxified residue (object to be treated) is reduced in volume by carbonization or the like in a volume reduction heat treatment furnace 20 and is transferred to a dissolving tank 34 together with harmless sodium chloride and sulfite of the reaction product. Taken out. The sodium chloride and the sulfite can be effectively removed by washing with a solution such as water.

As described above, according to the present invention, at least two decomposition reaction furnaces are provided, and each of the decomposition processing furnaces can heat the processing object having a different property, so that the harmful substances contained in the processing object can be heated. Is effectively decomposed and precipitated, and at the same time, the precipitated gas reacts with the alkali metal compound to make it harmless, and the harmless object is reduced in volume in another heat treatment furnace. The number of processing furnaces and the method of arranging the processing furnaces can be realized by arbitrarily selecting according to the conditions of the installation place and the like. The embodiment will be described with reference to a schematic diagram.

Now, as described above, the decomposition reaction furnaces 10 and 10 'for decomposing and separating harmful substances and reacting with the treating agent are provided with decomposition reaction means of 1 and 1', and the material to be treated after deposition is reduced in volume. As described above, assuming that the volume-reducing heat treatment furnace to be used is volume-reducing means 2 and the duct 3, the processing apparatus of FIG. 1 is schematically shown in FIG. 3 as a first embodiment.

FIGS. 4A and 4B are schematic views of the second embodiment, in which FIG. 4A is a side view, and FIG. 4B is a front view, in which a duct 3 is erected (upright or inclined), and In this case, the decomposition reaction means is disposed horizontally on both sides of the duct with the duct being interposed therebetween, and the volume reducing means is disposed horizontally below the duct.

FIGS. 5A and 5B show a third embodiment, in which FIG. 5A is a plan view and FIG. 5B is a front view, in which a duct 3 is arranged on a plane and one end of the duct 3 sandwiches the duct 3. The decomposition reaction means 1 and 1 'are arranged at the other end of the duct 3, and the volume reducing means 2 is arranged in a plane and at right angles to the duct. In this case, means for transferring the object to be processed is provided in the duct 3.

FIG. 6 shows a fourth embodiment, in which (A) is a plan view and (B) is a front view. This embodiment is a case where the volume reducing means 2 of the third embodiment is arranged at the end of the duct 3 in the axial direction of the duct.

[0139]

As described above, the present invention provides a decomposition reaction means for decomposing and depositing harmful components contained in an object to be treated and simultaneously reacting with an alkali metal compound, and reducing the volume by heating the object to be treated thereafter. And a decomposition treatment means are performed in a separate heat treatment furnace, and at least two decomposition reaction means are provided.

(1) As is evident from the results of the experiment, when an object to be treated such as waste containing a chlorine component and a sulfur component is subjected to heat treatment, harmful chlorine-based gas and sulfur oxide-based gas are generated. Although decomposed and precipitated, in the present invention, the alkali metal compound and the generated harmful component react to generate harmless salts, so that both decomposed gas and residue can be rendered harmless, and The salts formed therein can be removed by a solution such as water, and no harmful components are precipitated in the removal solution, so that the waste can be treated safely.

Therefore, it is possible to effectively remove chlorine-based gas that generates dioxins and sulfur oxide-based gas that promotes air pollution.

(2) In the decomposition reaction step of decomposing and separating harmful substances contained in the object to be treated, the object to be treated and the alkali metal compound of the treating agent are both heated. The contact reaction with the agent is carried out quickly and reliably, and forms harmless salts, so that no harmful components are present in the exhaust gas. Therefore, generation of dioxin is prevented.

Further, there is no flue corrosion, and high-temperature exhaust gas or high temperature can be used safely as a heat source and fuel.

Since the decomposed gas is harmless, it can be used as fuel (turbine, boiler, etc.) for reuse.

(3) The volume reduction step of heating and reducing the volume of the processing object from which the chlorine-based gas has been removed is performed in a heat treatment furnace different from the heat treatment furnace in the previous decomposition reaction step. In the consolidation step, there is no dioxin generated due to harmful components in the residue, so that the dioxin does not adsorb and mix in the residue (carbide, ash), and the residue can be made harmless, Metals and carbides can be extracted from the residue and reused.

(4) By arranging a plurality of decomposition reaction means, they can be properly used according to the properties of the object to be processed, and a heat treatment suitable for the object to be processed becomes possible, and dioxins do not remain in the residue. .

(5) It is possible to easily cope with the processing at the time when the objects to be processed are concentrated (year-end, new year, etc.).

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of a waste treatment facility according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a cylindrical body.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Decomposition reaction means 2 ... Volume reduction means 3 ... Duct 4 ... Opening / closing door 10, 10 '... Decomposition reaction processing furnace 20 ... Volume reduction heating processing furnace 11, 21 ... Cylindrical body 12, 22 ... Heating cylinder 13, 23 ... Supply ports 14, 24 ... Discharge ports 15, 25 ... Rotary drive means 16, 26 ... Supply side duct 17, 27 ... Discharge side duct 18, 28 ... Heating coil 19, 29 ... Temperature sensor mounting cylinder 30 ... Hopper 31, 32 33, open / close valve 34, melting tank 35, combustion device 36, LNG tank 37, communication pipe 38, discharge pipe 39, drying means 40, bag filter 41, pipe 42, combustion means 43, exhaust gas combustion section 44, chimney 45 ... dehydrating means 46 ... carbide hopper 47 ... water treatment means

Claims (12)

[Claims] 1. A treatment apparatus for harmful components containing harmful components, which is subjected to thermal treatment such as thermal decomposition and then reduced in volume by carbonization or the like. A decomposition reaction furnace for detoxifying harmful components and contacting and reacting with an alkali metal compound to form harmless salts, thereby detoxifying exhaust gas and detoxifying an object to be processed, and the decomposition reaction furnace A reduced volume heat treatment furnace for reducing the volume of the processed material, and a duct for guiding the processed material processed in the decomposition reaction furnace to the reduced volume heat treatment furnace, these decomposition reaction furnace and Volume reduction processing furnace, a cylindrical body having a supply port for supplying the object to be treated on one end side and a discharge port for discharging the supply port on the other end side,
Means for transferring the object to be processed while stirring the inside of the cylindrical body from the supply port side to the discharge port side; and heating means for heating the cylindrical body from the outside, wherein the decomposition reaction processing furnace has at least two A treatment device for harmful component-containing substances, wherein each discharge port is provided to communicate with a supply port of the reduced volume heat treatment furnace by a duct. 2. The apparatus for treating harmful components according to claim 1, wherein the alkali metal compound is a substance of hydroxide or carbonate. 3. The hydroxide and carbonate are sodium-based,
3. The apparatus for treating harmful components according to claim 2, wherein the apparatus is a potassium-based substance. 4. The treating agent includes sodium hydrogen carbonate, sodium carbonate, sodium sesquicarbonate, natural soda, potassium carbonate, potassium hydrogen carbonate, sodium potassium carbonate,
Simple substance selected from sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide,
The apparatus for treating harmful component-containing substances according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus is a mixture of a plurality of types. 5. The duct is erected so that an object to be processed can flow down,
2. The apparatus for treating harmful component-containing substances according to claim 1, wherein a decomposition reaction treatment furnace is set horizontally at an upper part thereof, and a volume reduction heating treatment furnace is set horizontally at a lower part. 6. The apparatus for treating harmful components according to claim 1, wherein the decomposition reaction treatment furnace is disposed on both sides of the duct. 7. The apparatus for treating harmful components according to claim 1, wherein the decomposition reaction treatment furnace is arranged in parallel with one side surface of the duct. 8. The heat treatment in the decomposition reaction treatment furnace is performed at a temperature at which a harmful substance is decomposed and precipitated from an object to be treated. Equipment for treating harmful components. 9. The heating temperature in the decomposition reaction treatment furnace is 200 ° C. to 35 ° C. at which harmful component substances are decomposed and precipitated from the object to be treated.
9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the temperature is 0.degree.
An apparatus for treating a harmful component-containing substance according to any one of claims 1 to 4. 10. The heating treatment in the decomposition reaction treatment furnace,
The drying step and the harmful component decomposition reaction step are performed in the same heat treatment furnace or different heat treatment furnaces, and are performed in any one of claims 1, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9. Equipment for treating harmful components. 11. The volume reduction treatment in the volume reduction heat treatment furnace is a carbonization or incineration treatment.
Or an apparatus for treating a harmful component-containing substance according to 5. 12. The volume reduction treatment temperature in the volume reduction heat treatment furnace is 350 ° C. to 700 ° C. at which the material to be treated is carbonized or 800 ° C. or more at which the object is incinerated.
12. An apparatus for treating harmful component-containing substances according to any one of claims 5 and 11.