JP2009103697A - 結合モードで複数の試料を同時測定する、複数の共振器システムを備えるnmrプローブヘッド - Google Patents
結合モードで複数の試料を同時測定する、複数の共振器システムを備えるnmrプローブヘッド Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
【解決手段】N≧2であるN個の基本要素(10a,10b,10c)を備える、基本要素(10a,10b,10c)の各々は、測定試料(11)と共振器システム(12a,12b,12c)とを備える、N個の基本要素(10a,10b,10c)の共振器システム(12a,12b,12c)のN個が相互に結合されている核磁気共鳴(NMR)プローブヘッドにおいて、共振器システム(12a,12b,12c)のN個の全体が伝搬及び受信時に1個の同一の結合モードで動作し得る共振器システム(12a,12b,12c)のN個用の結合ネットワークが設けられ、この結合ネットワークは共振器システム(12a,12b,12c)のN個全体用の共有の受信器回路を備えることを特徴とする核磁気共鳴プローブヘッド。本発明のNMRプローブヘッドで、損失性試料の場合に従来技術によるプローブヘッドでよりも適切な信号対雑音比が実現されうる。
【選択図】図7
Description
本発明のNMRプローブヘッドの特に好ましい実施の形態では、N個の基本要素が、リング形状で、特に、円形リング形状で配置される。測定試料は、プローブヘッドを中心として同心円状に配置されるのが好ましい。これによって、リングの各共振器システムにおいてB1−磁場を一様にすることが、より容易になる。
高解像度NMRの1個の「問題」は、液体測定試料の使用である。これらは、垂直に(重力に対して)測定装置の中へ配置されなければならない試料管の中へ充填される。(超伝導)高磁場磁石の製造上の制約により、穴を静磁場に対して直角に作製することが技術的に非常に複雑になるため高額な費用が掛かり、そのため通常では、測定試料は静磁場(z−方向と定義する)に対して平行に導入され、かつコイルは、より効率的なソレノイド型コイルではなくて鞍型コイルが使用される。高解像度NMRのソレノイド型コイルは専ら、その機械的構造の故に、測定すべき物質が、恒久的に(水平に)取り付けられたフローセルの中に毛細管に通して押し入れられる流動操作のみで使用される(例えば、特許文献9参照)。
鞍型コイルと同様に、環状コイル又は環状共振器は、開口部が、測定試料をz−方向へ挿入するためにz−方向の上方及び下方に留まるように構成されうる。
a)鞍型コイル、b)平面ヘルムホルツコイル、c)平面共振器である。共振器システム(又はコイルシステム)の他の変型も可能である。
OD ID 充填水準 容積 試料数 備考
単位mm 単位mm 単位mm 単位μl
1 0.8 25 12.5 48
1.7 1.3 28 37 16
1.9 1.5 34 60 10
2 1.6 38 75 8
2.5 2.2 40 150 4
3 2.42 40 185 3
4 3.24 40 330 2
5 4.24 40 565 1 薄壁型
5 4.52 40 640 1 超薄壁型
2mmの測定試料8個、1.7mmの測定試料16個、又は1mmの測定試料48個を有するプローブヘッドが、5mmの測定試料に関する従来のプローブヘッドとほぼ同じ試料容積を有することになる。コイルの幾何学的形状と熱絶縁用の1測定試料当たり1本の中心パイプとが、測定試料11、中心パイプ81、及び平面共振器12cを有する2mm(図8(a))及び1.7mm(図8(b))の測定試料の場合に関して図8(a)及び8(b)に示されている。中心パイプは、空いている空間を全て使用する必要はないが、測定試料と同様に円筒形であってもよい。しかし、中心パイプの形状が利用可能な空間に整合されることが得策である。中心パイプは、温度の高い測定試料と温度の低い検出コイルとの間の熱遮断用に使用されるが、中心パイプ内部では、約300Kの温度(室温に近い)であり、平面共振器システムは、80K未満、好ましくは25K未満の極低温に冷却される。別法として、すべての温度が高い領域が相互接続される。これにより、測定試料の構造及び/又は熱化を簡素化することができる。
特許文献4から、多数の測定試料で充填され得る「環状空洞共振器」が知られる。本明細書に提示された本発明との相違は、共振器の型である。動作時に、特許文献4に提示された共振器と同様に空洞共振器の中で定常波が発生する。励起されたTMモードでは、磁場振幅が径方向に1/r依存性を呈する(図9(a)参照)。このような磁場分布は、RF磁場のB1−磁場成分の均一性が際だって乏いので、高解像度NMRの必要条件に対しては完全に不適切である。共振器の一部しか充填されていない場合に、測定試料間のB1−磁場の均一性は向上されうるが、充填率は著しく低下して、共振器の効率は不十分である。空洞共振器の感度は、均一性が最低の箇所、すなわち、内部導体の近傍では最高である。特許文献4では、この均一性を利用して、空間解像度の勾配符号化を別々に(2頁−20行目以降)行えるように、共振器に充填されている異なる測定試料を励起する。
参照文献特許文献6〜10から、多数の測定試料で並行して、又は高速で順番分光法を実施できる多数の検出システムを使用するNMR測定システムが知られる。この場合に、結合されると、様々な測定試料のスペクトル情報を別々に収集することができないため、可能であれば、個々の検出コイルは互いに結合されるべきではない。更には、多検出システムの各々は、別々に結合、調整、及び整合され、かつ情報は分光計において別々に処理される。
11 測定試料
12a,12b,12c 共振器システム
13 導体巻線
14 ボード
15 導体経路
51 ロックコイル
52 シールド
61 磁場の逆流
70/71,72,73 付加的な共振器複合体
81 中心パイプ
Claims (9)
- N≧2であるN個の基本要素(10a,10b,10c)を備える、基本要素(10a,10b,10c)の各々は、測定試料(11)、特に円筒形の測定試料(11)と共振器システム(12a,12b,12c)とを備える、前記N個の基本要素(10a,10b,10c)の前記共振器システム(12a,12b,12c)のN個が相互に結合されている核磁気共鳴(NMR)プローブヘッドにおいて、
前記共振器システム(12a,12b,12c)のN個の全体が伝搬及び受信時に1個の同一の結合モードで動作し得る前記共振器システム(12a,12b,12c)のN個用の結合ネットワークが設けられ、前記結合ネットワークは前記共振器システム(12a,12b,12c)のN個全体用の1個の共通の受信器回路を備えることを特徴とする核磁気共鳴プローブヘッド。 - 前記N個の基本要素(10a,10b,10c)は、リング形状で、特に、円形様態で配置され、前記NMRプローブヘッドは、リング形状の閉じた磁力線B1がすべてのN個の測定試料(11)を通過する共通の環状モードを生じさせるように構成され、かつ/又は前記NMRプローブヘッドは、リング形状の閉じた磁力線B1が隣接する測定試料(11)の対を通過する共通のN重極モードを生じさせるように構成されることを特徴とする請求項1記載のNMRプローブヘッド。
- ロックコイル(51)が基本要素(10a,10b,10c)のリング形状構造の中心に配置されることを特徴とする請求項2記載のNMRプローブヘッド。
- 測定すべき物質をN個の円筒形の測定試料(11)に分配することを特徴とする請求項1乃至3のいずれか1項に記載のNMRプローブヘッド。
- 前記共振器システム(12a,12b,12c)のN個は鞍型コイル(12a)として構成され、特に、前記共振器システム(12a,12b,12c)のN個はアルダーマン−グラント共振器として又は鳥籠型共振器として構成されることを特徴とする請求項1乃至4のいずれか1項に記載のNMRプローブヘッド。
- 前記共振器システム(12a,12b,12c)のN個は平面ヘルムホルツコイル(12b)として又は平面共振器(12c)として構成されることを特徴とする請求項1乃至4のいずれか1項に記載のNMRプローブヘッド。
- 前記共振器システム(12b,12c)のN個は、高温超伝導体で作製された導体経路(15)を有することを特徴とする請求項1乃至6のいずれか1項に記載のNMRプローブヘッド。
- 基本要素(10a,10b,10c)の数Nに関して、N≧6が適用され、好ましくはN≧8が、特に好ましくはN≧12が適用されることを特徴とする請求項1乃至7のいずれか1項に記載のNMRプローブヘッド。
- 前記プローブヘッドは、他の測定周波数に関して少なくとも1個の付加的な共振器複合体(70/71,72,73)を有し、特に、前記付加的な共振器複合体(70/71,72,73)は、内部に前記N個の基本要素が配置されている鞍型コイルとして構成されることを特徴とする請求項1乃至8のいずれか1項に記載のNMRプローブヘッド。
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