JP2009100700A - Rotating multistage shelf type multipurpose hydroponics apparatus combinedly using natural energy - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a rotating multistage shelf type multipurpose hydroponics apparatus using natural energy, intended for greatly improving such problems that conventionally various designs are made for vegetable hydroponics, but there are subjects such as a wide lot area, unsuitability for high-mix, low-volume production, and a high energy running cost. <P>SOLUTION: This rotating multistage shelf type multipurpose hydroponics apparatus comprises using a multistage type rotating system (1) which is made by setting endless chains on both the sides and suspending between the chains, a plurality of nutrient solution circulating type shell boxes according to purpose. The hydroponics apparatus uses a natural energy system (2) of wind power generation, photovoltaic power generation and water-power generation for dynamics operating the rotating system (1) and illumination, so as to be free from the need of a wide lot area. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

In the present invention, endless chains are provided on both sides, and a plurality of nutrient solution circulation type shelf boxes are suspended between them for a multistage rotation system (1), power for operating the rotation system (1), and lighting Wind power, solar power, and hydropower natural energy systems (2) are used for security devices. Initial capital investment is required, but a large site area is not required, and the environment is balanced with high efficiency. Further, the present invention relates to a natural energy combined type rotating multi-stage shelf type, multi-purpose hydroponic cultivation apparatus characterized by a free structure.

Conventional hydroponic cultivation equipment, including hydroponic cultivation, can be used to plan and produce vegetables without using natural fields and without being affected by natural temperature and pests. It has been expanded.

Especially on a small scale, because there are a small amount for personal hobbies, there are 3 or 4 types of vegetables that are cultivated in small quantities. The method of cultivating and reducing the production cost is common, and large companies have entered.

In particular, hydroponics is made in greenhouses and factories, and as a structure, stand pillars made of iron structures, shelf boxes for planting and growing vegetables and seedlings, and nutrient solutions for nutrients of vegetables It consists of

The important thing is that depending on the amount and method of feeding the nutrient solution, the indoor temperature control, the amount of lighting and the color and light quality of lighting (meaning infrared, ultraviolet, LED light, light color), etc. Since the types and production speeds differ, it is necessary to control these amounts and irradiation times.

In recent years, the unseasonable weather and high temperatures due to global warming have been drastically changed from heavy snow, heavy rain, light rain, gusts, typhoons, and dryness, and there have been many recurrences, especially gusts and typhoons. The growth of vegetables in the natural state is sporadic, and the occurrence of grasshoppers and outbreaks of floating grass is increasing, and there are more problems in growing in nature.

In order to solve this problem, hydroponics with a large amount of hydroponics in a greenhouse or factory is optimal, but it requires a large cultivation area and requires power for power and lighting. There are many problems due to high cost and not profitable.

The unit sales price of vegetables is the price difference between natural grown products and hydroponic products, and is linked to the quality of the appearance and the market price. In addition, the quality of the vegetables and the quality of ingredients such as vitamins are also taken into account Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a hydroponic device that can grow vegetables with good ingredients and close to market prices.

As a measure to improve this, conventionally, a two- to three-stage fixed shelf system that does not rotate has been manufactured from a flat-type greenhouse or a factory-use hydroponics device. Costs are high due to high energy costs for motors for nutrient solution circulation, air conditioning, lighting, etc. If this type of equipment increases, it will also cause global warming, unmanned equipment and use of natural energy It is necessary to develop hydroponic equipment.

Recently, a multi-stage cultivation shelf type and a rotation type in a gantry have been devised, and references are as follows.
JP2007-159410A JP2007-105001 JP 2006-262750 A JP 2006-203226 A JP-A-8-66133 JP-A-7-289104 JP-A-11-241392

The device described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2007-159410 does not rotate, and the device disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2006-203226 has not reached unmanned use and natural energy use.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-241392 of Patent Document 7 has been devised as a vegetable garden mini-house, but is not put into practical use.

In addition, in the fixed and multi-stage type, which is put into practical use as a large-scale in the market, a worship method from both is in circulation, but a large area is required, and some commercial power and solar power generation combined type power supplies It is still in use and needs to be improved.

The natural energy combined use rotary multipurpose hydroponic cultivation device of the present invention is a three-dimensional frame type overall structure, requires a small site area, and the multistage shelf for cultivation is also a rotary type, and is used as a power source for power and lighting. The majority uses natural energy and is fully robotized with full automation.

The manufacturing cost of the whole three-dimensional frame structure and natural energy equipment will be expensive, but the use of equipment in large consumption areas and the use of robots will hold down labor costs, lower transportation costs, lower labor costs, and large-scale ordering of equipment. This reduces the overall cost, reduces CO2 emissions, and has the advantage of a large environmental effect.

The problem we are trying to solve is
B. Because of the high land prices, how can we increase the harvesting effect of hydroponics several times on as few sites as possible?
B) What should I do to cultivate 4-5 kinds of vegetables with the same equipment and to easily change the cultivars?
C. House cultivation using natural energy is good to prevent global warming, but the power generation is unstable, and conversely the production costs are high, but what should be done to stabilize the power generation and reduce the cost?
D. The best advantage of house hydroponics is that it does not depend on natural weather, is free of pesticides and pests, and grows the same type of beautiful vegetables. However, what is necessary is to make the equipment semi-automated and the equipment, and depending on the vegetables, harvesting several times a year or harvesting by year-round cultivation will lead to lower overall costs.
The present invention has been made to solve these drawbacks and problems.

The invention of claim 1 relates to a hydroponic cultivation facility, provided with endless chains on both sides, a plurality of nutrient solution circulation type shelf boxes according to the purpose suspended between them, a multistage rotation system (1), and its rotation Natural power system (2) of wind power generation, solar power generation, and hydroelectric power generation is used for power, lighting, and crime prevention devices that operate the system (1). The present invention provides a natural energy combined use rotary multi-stage shelf type, multi-purpose hydroponic cultivation device that is characterized by a structure that is not required, has high environmental efficiency and has an environmental balance, and has a free installation location.

The invention of claim 2 is such that the multi-stage rotation system (1) uses a special chain for conveyance and does not have a central shaft between the sprockets for the chain, and the nutrient solution circulation shelf box is inclined for running water. Depending on the type, rectangular shallow water, deep water, rain toy type, and cylindrical, conical, mesh type are available for elongate, can be selected and replaced from them, various vegetables without using ordinary soil A natural energy combined use rotating multi-stage shelf type, multi-purpose hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by a rotating shelf that can be cultivated.

The invention of claim 3 manufactures a device mainly composed of a commercial power source and a small-sized manual type device in a windless region, but the main force is a device mainly composed of natural energy. In order to cover unstable power generation, wind power generation and solar power generation are used in combination, especially for hydroelectric generators, using the water pressure in the storage tank of nutrient solution for power generation and heating. A system that collects the respective advantages and charges and uses natural energy for the battery, and features a hybrid type hydroponic cultivation labor-saving unit structure that uses almost no commercially available power. A natural energy combined type rotating multi-stage shelf type, multi-purpose hydroponic cultivation apparatus described in 1) is provided.

By the means as described above, the present invention has a new mechanism and has the following effects.
(A) Even on limited sites where land prices are high, the equipment can be made high-rise, hydroponic hanging racks can be multi-staged, the cultivation area can be expanded, and cultivated plants are easy to change.
B) Furthermore, the use of natural energy increases the energy cost, and the multi-stage high-rise equipment balances the increase in yields, avoids the use of commercial power, and there is little concern about environmental damage due to the long-term use of hydroponic cultivation equipment. it can.

C. The hydroponic culture device of the invention is a high-rise, multi-stage rotary type, and can be freely stopped at the optimum position, and there is no problem in seeding and harvesting seeds. Easy to manage automatically.
D. The hydroponic equipment industry is costly to manufacture, but it can semiautomate nutrient solution, temperature, and lighting, increase the harvest cycle more than natural cycles, and can plan cultivation without being affected by natural disasters and weather.

E. Wind power generators have unstable power generation due to the wind speed, but their performance is improved, they generate electricity at a wind speed of 8m / sec, the price is quite low, and solar power generation is efficient. In addition, the price is easy to use, and hydroelectric power is generated at the high water pressure of the nutrient solution storage tank, taking advantage of the disadvantages and strengths of each, the overall power generation can be increased, and the use of commercial power can be reduced. It is also effective in improving the use of natural energy.
Therefore, if a device is made in a large consumption area of vegetables and the harvest rotation is increased, the transportation cost can be greatly reduced, and a great environmental effect can be obtained.

If it shows one form of the combined use type of natural energy of this invention, a rotation multistage shelf type, and a multipurpose hydroponic cultivation apparatus, it will become like FIG. To explain the general situation, Fig. 1 is an overall view, and a device that manages the temperature and humidity in the building by arranging a rectangular three-dimensional structure on the vertical frame 1 and attaching tents from three directions. It is a whole figure.

In FIG. 2, the whole building solid frame is composed of a vertical pillar frame 1, and a wind power generator 3, a solar power generation 4, and a hydroelectric power generator 5 are arranged on the upper part, and endless chains 13 on both sides are arranged. The shelf box shallow water type 14, the shelf box rain toy type 15, and the shelf box deep water type 16 for hydroponic cultivation are suspended in multiple stages, and the system can be rotated by a motor.

The entire cultivation device is self-supporting, but in the case of shortage, commercial power can also be used and used together.
The whole building structure is free to grow in height and area, and can cultivate cultivars, leaf vegetables, leaf stem vegetables, fruit vegetables, root vegetables, flower vegetables, some potatoes, beans, and some fruits. A multipurpose device that can be changed to

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

Fig. 1 is an overall view, with a standing three-dimensional structure arranged on a vertical pillar frame 1, a roll-up tent attached from three directions, and a natural energy device at the top. It is a building 1 building.

Fig. 2 is an overall perspective view showing the left side and part of the front. The vertical column frame 1 is a vertical column type, built in a building, and uses a natural energy combined rotary multistage shelf type, multipurpose nutrient solution. In the perspective view of the cultivation device, one building is displayed as one building as a whole.

The whole of FIG. 2 is included in the claims. From the top of the building structure, 3 is a wind power generator, which is a downwind type that does not require a rudder, has a wide outer periphery, and wind even in weak winds. Silent type high-efficiency windmill that can capture the size of 500w to 100kw for large machines, and solar power generator 4 is a small area and high-efficiency device. The price is more affordable and practical.

The hydroelectric generator of No. 5 rotates the jet nozzle type cross-flow water turbine of No. 6 with the water pressure of the storage tank of nourishing liquid (or fresh water), and generates electricity by combined use of wind power generation and solar power generation. It is used for circulation, lighting, and air conditioning 7 for small-scale machines, and it is a mechanism that can generate several hundred kilowatts for small-scale machines to several kilowatts for medium-sized machines. It is made to cover most of the power requirements of hydroponic cultivation equipment.

11 is a security camera equipped with a red light, and the solar water heater is determined by the size and the amount of hot water stored as required, and used for heating and nutrient solution mixing as a whole.

13 transport chains are attached endlessly to 4 21 sprockets, and 14 shallow water shelf boxes, 15 rain toy shelf boxes, and 16 deep water shelf boxes are suspended between them. Both sides of the shelf box are fixed to both sides of the endless chain 13 and attached by hanging, and each shelf box is fixed by bolting so that the shelf box can be replaced freely.

The nutrient solution dropped from the jet nozzle type crossflow water turbine 6 is stored in the nutrient solution box 17 once, and the nutrient solution discharged from the 19 nutrient solution drop adjustment valves on both sides of the lower portion of the box is Drop on 20 nutrient solution pans mounted on both sides of another hanging shelf box, open one side of 19 nutrient solution drop adjustment valve, close one side, and determine the direction of nutrient solution flow The flow is smooth, and the tip of 19 adjustment valves is attached with rubber to prevent the nutrient solution from diffusing.

FIG. 3 is a rear view, 22 is a ventilation fan, 23 is a building wall. 5, 9, 10, 11, 13, 15, and 16 are as shown in FIG. 2, and 9-i is a wiring protection pipe.

4 is a plan view, and 24 is a rooftop floor section, on which there are 3 wind power generators, 5 hydroelectric power generators, 7 air conditioning and air conditioning units, 7 batteries, 8 solar power generators, 4 solar water heaters 12, two security devices 11 are provided, and the number of water heaters of the solar power generators 4 and 12 can be increased as necessary.

FIG. 5 is an exploded view of the motor, the chain and the cultivation shelf box. The right and left sprockets 21 are fixed by 29 sprocket fixing frames, and the center rotating shaft is formed. Therefore, the shelf box for shallow water 14 attached to the sprocket 21 is sent to the left as it is even if the sprocket and the chain rotate simultaneously, and the shelf box water is sent to the rotation of the chain. There is also a speed adjustment, it does not flow at all.

21 sprockets are fixed by 32 pillows, and motor-connected sprockets 30 are left and right. These sprockets are connected to a motor drive shaft 28 through a motor drive chain 27 and are rotated by a motor 31. Depending on the strength, install compatible products.

The shelf box (unit type) of FIGS. 2 and 5 is basically the same style for shallow water type, deep water type and rain toy type. Slightly high incline, 20 nutrient solution pans on both sides of the box, and underneath it are equipped with a discharge nozzle 25 slightly squeezed with rubber to each shelf box. There is also a flat bottom type with a shelf box suitable for cultivation of leafy vegetables, flower vegetables and potatoes, with a flat bottom type that does not have a tilt in advance, and a channel when tilting the flat bottom type Use groove type parts.

FIGS. 6A and 6B are diagrams of a 33 cylindrical type and a 34 conical type shelf box, which are mainly suitable for cultivation of root vegetables, long beetles and leaf stem vegetables.

FIG. 7 shows a shelf box 35 with a net for fruit vegetables, 36 is a diagram in which cucumber fruits are grown in a tray, and 37 is a diagram showing the growth state of cucumber fruit vegetables such as casserole.

FIG. 8 is a view of a downwind type multi-blade wind power generator that normally generates power at a wind speed of 10 to 12 m, but this time the installed product generates power at a wind speed of 8 m. Power is generated by turning 39 generators, wind is received behind 40 rotating shafts, 38 wide blades are rotated, and the structure is strong enough to withstand strong winds. The capacity can be set from 500w to 100kw, and it is mute type.

Fig. 9 shows a solar power generator. Among the modules available on the market, 41 modules have been tested for efficiency and adopted highly efficient modules. The required number is 500 w per hydroponic device. ~ With several kilowatts.

FIG. 10 is an enlarged view of a high-pressure hydroelectric generator. This hydroelectric generator is necessary to obtain power stably with only natural energy, and the system is a medium-sized hydroponic hydroponic cultivation device. 2kW power is required, and 3,000L (about 3t weight) of nutrient solution or fresh water is stored in 42 water tanks in advance. At this time, about 3t high pressure liquid is divided into 18L per second. Then, the water is discharged to the cross-flow water turbine with the jet nozzle liquid of 6 and power generation of about 3.3 kW (200v 3 phase) is performed. In the circle is an enlarged view of the 6 double jet nozzle portion.

The released nutrient solution (or fresh water) is once stored in 43 lower water storage tanks through 14 shallow boxes, and the liquid is pumped to 42 water storage tanks by 10 water pumps through 9 water pumping pipes. . At this time, a pump for 2.2 to 2.4 kw is required to pump 12.5 m, and 1,100 L of water can be pumped. The 25 drainage nozzles are provided with 44 rubbers to prevent water diffusion.

In this case, the wind power generator will generate about 700w on average at a wind speed of 8m / s, and will also be equipped with a solar power generator for 1kw (average, 600w generation in fine weather) for a total power generation of 1.3kw. Use including 1.5kw.

In order to stabilize the power generation amount of 3.3 kw of the aforementioned hydroelectric generator, one-third power is subsidized with both wind power and solar power generation amount of 1.3 kw, and unstable power generation amount is adjusted and used together with the battery .

In order to operate a hydroponic hydroponics device using only natural energy without using general large-scale commercial power, wind power generators and solar power generators can be used for 15 to 20 days depending on the season. Assuming that there is not much power generation, the lighting in the hydroponic cultivation device, the amount of water for circulation of the nutrient solution, and air conditioning facilities are greatly limited than usual, so that the stems will not wither even if the growth of vegetables and fruit vegetables is delayed. A device that automatically controls and responds to unforeseen weather changes is controlled with a lower limit sensor.

FIG. 11 shows a vacuum type solar water heater. The water temperature becomes 65 ° C. or higher when the winter is snowing in the mid-winter, and there is no energy from other sources. The capacity can be increased or decreased depending on the number, size and number of high-pressure glass tubes.

With natural energy, a wind power generator generates 700w at a rated wind speed of 8m / s. If it generates 3w to 4m, it generates 100w to 200w, and even solar power generates 600w with a 40% reduction of 1kw in fine weather. Even in rainy or cloudy days, power generation is not 0, 100w to 200w is being generated, and if combined with wind power, 200w to 400w of power is being generated. By restricting the amount of rice to 4 to 1/6, even if long windless days or rainy days continue, cultivated vegetables rarely die.

FIG. 12 is a detailed view of the hanging state of the shelf box, in which a suspension fixing nut 26 is directly passed through a hole to which 13 transport chains are connected, and a triangular fixing bracket is attached to the chain 13 in advance, and 47 suspension shelves. There is a method of fixing through a fixing nut of the mating hole 26 with the box hole, and the shelf box suitable for the size and purpose of the hanging shelf box 47 is easily exchanged.

FIG. 13 shows a detailed view of a chain pin with a chain pin and a hole in a 47 hanging shelf box, with 26 suspension fixing bolts and nuts fixed thereto.

FIG. 14 is a hybrid system system diagram. Wind power generation 3 is converted to a direct current controller with 48 rectifiers, sunlight is direct current and directly into the controller, and hydropower is also converted into direct current through 48 rectifiers. Pass through the controller. The controller prevents overcharge and overdischarge of the battery, and a backflow prevention device is provided to charge the 8 batteries. The 12v product 55 can be used as it is, for example, a security light.

The main power is directly converted from direct current to alternating current by the inverter 50, and the pumps 10, the lighting 54, and the air conditioning 7 are used from the load outlet 53. The commercial power source 51 is automatically switched when the generation of natural energy falls below a certain level, and the power used is recorded by the meter 52.

When the commercial power source 51 is not used, the limit controller 56 operates when the voltage sensor is lowered from the controller 49, and the voltage sensor works to connect to the pumping pump 11, lighting, cooling / heating, 54, 7 to use each. It is an electric energy lower limit sensing controller device that senses current and voltage and limits the current used.

Because over 60% of Japanese agricultural products rely on imports from other countries, it is necessary to increase the self-sufficiency rate for price stability. A significant decrease in revenue is expected due to the occurrence of disasters.Furthermore, due to the declining birthrate and the aging of agricultural workers, the self-sufficiency rate of agricultural products is expected to decline more and more, and hydroponics requires electricity. It is essential to expand equipment that uses energy.

To that end, it is significantly different from the conventional method, and there are few work to fold back, few work at high places, narrow work range, superior work environment, semi-automatic control, and operation for women and elderly people The natural energy combined rotation multi-stage shelf type and multipurpose hydroponic cultivation device of the present invention that is easy to do and can prevent heavy labor is optimal, and the small-scale device is on the parking lot of a private house, or the large-scale is a local agricultural cooperative unit In addition, it is possible to form a hydroponics cultivation facility for various vegetables on a company-by-company basis, and if each device is linked and controlled, it is more labor-saving and low-cost, and the production costs for high-rise structures and natural energy are sufficient. Can absorb.

The hydroponic culture device of the present invention has the same type and shape, the same nutritional components, has the advantage of being able to grow in large quantities, is capable of planned production, and is linked to a canning method that can maintain freshness. In Japan, where vegetables and long-term preserved foods can be secured, and there are many earthquakes and floods, the conventional natural agriculture 70%, mechanical hydroponic culture, vegetable production system up to about 30%, production system to ensure stable food It needs to be established and has a sufficient economic effect on industry.

Figure of use state (also called building 1 building) Whole perspective view of natural energy combined type, rotating multi-shelf multipurpose hydroponic cultivation device Rear view Plan view Motor and chain and cultivation shelf box installation development view Cylindrical (Figure 6-1), Conical shelf box (Figure 6-2) Shelf box with fruits and vegetables Figure of downwind type wind power generator Solar power generator High water pressure hydroelectric generator enlarged view Vacuum solar water heater Shelf box hanging state details Detail of fixing bolt and nut Hybrid system diagram

Explanation of symbols

1. Vertical column frame 2. 2. Roll-up tent Wind generator 4. 4. Solar power generator Hydroelectric generator 6. 6. Jet nozzle type cross-flow water turbine Air-conditioning air-conditioning equipment8. Battery 9. Pumping pipe 9-i. Wiring protection pipe 10. Pumping pump 11. Security device with red light 12. Solar water heater (vacuum type)
13. Conveying chain 14. Shallow water shelf 15. Rain toy shelf 16 Deep water shelf 17 Nutrient solution box 18. Switch and control box 19. Nutrient adjustment valve 20. Nutrient solution receiving pan dish 21. Sprocket (Chain gear)
22. Ventilation fan 23. Building wall 24. Roof floor 25. Drainage nozzle 26. Suspension fixing bolt nut 27. Motor drive chain 28. Motor drive shaft 29. Sprocket fixing frame 30. Motor connection sprocket 31. Motor 32. Pillow 33. Cylindrical shelf box 34. Conical shelf box 35. Shelf box for fruit vegetables with net 36. Cucumber fruit tray 37. Cucumber fruit vegetables 38. Wide blade 39. Generator 40. Rotating shaft 41. Module 42. Water storage tank 43. Lower water storage tank 44. Drainage nozzle rubber 45. High pressure glass tube for vacuum hot water 46. Triangular fixing bracket 47. Hanging shelf box 48. Rectifier 49. Controller 50. Inverter 51. Commercial power supply 52. Meter device 53. Load outlet 54. Lighting, air conditioner 55.12v product 56. Limit controller

Claims (3)

It is related to hydroponic culture facilities. Endless chains are provided on both sides, and a multi-stage rotating system (1) and a rotating system (1) are operated by suspending a plurality of nutrient solution circulation type shelf boxes according to the purpose. Natural energy system (2) of wind power generation, solar power generation, and hydroelectric power generation is used for power, lighting, and security equipment. Initial capital investment is necessary, but it does not require a large site area and is highly efficient. A natural energy combined rotating multi-stage shelf type, multi-purpose hydroponic cultivation device characterized by a structure that is environmentally balanced and free to install. The multi-stage rotation system (1) uses a special chain for conveyance, has no center shaft between chain sprockets (also referred to as chain gears, hereinafter omitted), and is provided with a nutrient solution circulation shelf (hereinafter referred to as a cultivation unit). ) Is provided with a slope for running water, depending on the purpose, it is a rectangular shallow water, deep water, rain toy type, and for slender types, cylinders, cones, and mesh types are available, from which you can select and replace The rotary multistage shelf type combined use natural energy, multipurpose hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotary shelf is capable of growing various kinds of vegetables without using ordinary soil. In the windless area, we will also produce commercial power-powered devices and small-sized manual devices, but our main focus is on natural energy. The natural energy system (2) has unstable power generation due to the weakness of natural energy. In order to cover the amount, wind power generation and solar power generation are used in combination, especially for hydroelectric generators, using water pressure in nutrient solution storage tanks (also referred to as water storage tanks, hereinafter omitted) to generate power and heat solar water for heating A system that collects the advantages of each, and uses and recharges natural energy to the battery, and uses a hybrid type hydroponic cultivation labor-saving unit structure that uses almost no commercial power. A natural energy combined use rotating multi-stage shelf type, multi-purpose hydroponic cultivation device.

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