JP2008533072A - 呼吸器疾患の治療のための抗コリン作用薬及びロイコトリエン受容体アンタゴニストの組み合わせ剤 - Google Patents
呼吸器疾患の治療のための抗コリン作用薬及びロイコトリエン受容体アンタゴニストの組み合わせ剤 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2008533072A JP2008533072A JP2008501208A JP2008501208A JP2008533072A JP 2008533072 A JP2008533072 A JP 2008533072A JP 2008501208 A JP2008501208 A JP 2008501208A JP 2008501208 A JP2008501208 A JP 2008501208A JP 2008533072 A JP2008533072 A JP 2008533072A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- glycopyrrolate
- copd
- combination
- asthma
- medicament
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000812 cholinergic antagonist Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 208000023504 respiratory system disease Diseases 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000003199 leukotriene receptor blocking agent Substances 0.000 title claims description 7
- 229940065524 anticholinergics inhalants for obstructive airway diseases Drugs 0.000 title abstract description 16
- 229940065725 leukotriene receptor antagonists for obstructive airway diseases Drugs 0.000 title 1
- 208000006673 asthma Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 208000006545 Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 206010039085 Rhinitis allergic Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 201000010105 allergic rhinitis Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 208000030603 inherited susceptibility to asthma Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000000699 topical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229940015042 glycopyrrolate Drugs 0.000 claims description 49
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- VPNYRYCIDCJBOM-UHFFFAOYSA-M Glycopyrronium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].C1[N+](C)(C)CCC1OC(=O)C(O)(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1CCCC1 VPNYRYCIDCJBOM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 26
- UCHDWCPVSPXUMX-TZIWLTJVSA-N Montelukast Chemical group CC(C)(O)C1=CC=CC=C1CC[C@H](C=1C=C(\C=C\C=2N=C3C=C(Cl)C=CC3=CC=2)C=CC=1)SCC1(CC(O)=O)CC1 UCHDWCPVSPXUMX-TZIWLTJVSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 229960005127 montelukast Drugs 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims description 14
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims description 14
- 229940121948 Muscarinic receptor antagonist Drugs 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000546 pharmaceutical excipient Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- YEEZWCHGZNKEEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zafirlukast Chemical compound COC1=CC(C(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C=2C(=CC=CC=2)C)=CC=C1CC(C1=C2)=CN(C)C1=CC=C2NC(=O)OC1CCCC1 YEEZWCHGZNKEEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229960004764 zafirlukast Drugs 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000004054 inflammatory process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000283073 Equus caballus Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001078 anti-cholinergic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 206010061218 Inflammation Diseases 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 201000009240 nasopharyngitis Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- HBAQYPYDRFILMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 8-[3-(1-cyclopropylpyrazol-4-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidin-5-yl]-3-methyl-3,8-diazabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-2-one Chemical class C1(CC1)N1N=CC(=C1)C1=NNC2=C1N=C(N=C2)N1C2C(N(CC1CC2)C)=O HBAQYPYDRFILMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960004583 pranlukast Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- UAJUXJSXCLUTNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N pranlukast Chemical compound C=1C=C(OCCCCC=2C=CC=CC=2)C=CC=1C(=O)NC(C=1)=CC=C(C(C=2)=O)C=1OC=2C=1N=NNN=1 UAJUXJSXCLUTNU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000124008 Mammalia Species 0.000 claims 2
- PZIFPMYXXCAOCC-JWQCQUIFSA-N (2s,3r)-3-(2-carboxyethylsulfanyl)-2-hydroxy-3-[2-(8-phenyloctyl)phenyl]propanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCS[C@@H]([C@@H](O)C(O)=O)C1=CC=CC=C1CCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1 PZIFPMYXXCAOCC-JWQCQUIFSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 241000282326 Felis catus Species 0.000 claims 1
- 229940044551 receptor antagonist Drugs 0.000 abstract description 38
- 239000002464 receptor antagonist Substances 0.000 abstract description 38
- 102000003835 leukotriene receptors Human genes 0.000 abstract description 25
- 108090000146 leukotriene receptors Proteins 0.000 abstract description 25
- 102000010918 Cysteinyl leukotriene receptors Human genes 0.000 abstract description 12
- 108040002734 cysteinyl leukotriene receptor activity proteins Proteins 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 102100033374 Leukotriene B4 receptor 1 Human genes 0.000 abstract 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 16
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 15
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 13
- 206010039083 rhinitis Diseases 0.000 description 13
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 239000007922 nasal spray Substances 0.000 description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- OVBJJZOQPCKUOR-UHFFFAOYSA-L EDTA disodium salt dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)C[NH+](CC([O-])=O)CC[NH+](CC([O-])=O)CC([O-])=O OVBJJZOQPCKUOR-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 10
- 229960000686 benzalkonium chloride Drugs 0.000 description 10
- CADWTSSKOVRVJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl(dimethyl)azanium;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C[NH+](C)CC1=CC=CC=C1 CADWTSSKOVRVJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 150000002617 leukotrienes Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229940037001 sodium edetate Drugs 0.000 description 10
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 9
- 102000000588 Interleukin-2 Human genes 0.000 description 8
- 108010002350 Interleukin-2 Proteins 0.000 description 8
- 208000037883 airway inflammation Diseases 0.000 description 8
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 208000026935 allergic disease Diseases 0.000 description 7
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229940071648 metered dose inhaler Drugs 0.000 description 7
- 102000005962 receptors Human genes 0.000 description 7
- 108020003175 receptors Proteins 0.000 description 7
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 7
- 206010006482 Bronchospasm Diseases 0.000 description 6
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 206010020751 Hypersensitivity Diseases 0.000 description 6
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N Lactose Natural products OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N 0.000 description 6
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 108060008682 Tumor Necrosis Factor Proteins 0.000 description 6
- 102000000852 Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha Human genes 0.000 description 6
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000048 adrenergic agonist Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229940126157 adrenergic receptor agonist Drugs 0.000 description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229960001375 lactose Drugs 0.000 description 6
- 239000008101 lactose Substances 0.000 description 6
- 210000003819 peripheral blood mononuclear cell Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 6
- 241000283086 Equidae Species 0.000 description 5
- 230000007815 allergy Effects 0.000 description 5
- 210000000038 chest Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 239000002158 endotoxin Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920006008 lipopolysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 229940097496 nasal spray Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 210000000440 neutrophil Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycine Chemical compound NCC(O)=O DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 102000003680 Leukotriene B4 receptors Human genes 0.000 description 4
- 108090000093 Leukotriene B4 receptors Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 230000007885 bronchoconstriction Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002552 dosage form Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000001866 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000010979 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229920003088 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 4
- UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Chemical compound OC1C(O)C(OC)OC(CO)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(C(O)C(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O3)O)C(CO)O2)O)C(CO)O1 UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000002757 inflammatory effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010979 pH adjustment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008506 pathogenesis Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007310 pathophysiology Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000244 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000010482 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229940068968 polysorbate 80 Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 229920000053 polysorbate 80 Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- WSVLPVUVIUVCRA-KPKNDVKVSA-N Alpha-lactose monohydrate Chemical compound O.O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O WSVLPVUVIUVCRA-KPKNDVKVSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 108091003079 Bovine Serum Albumin Proteins 0.000 description 3
- PHEDXBVPIONUQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cocarcinogen A1 Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC1C(C)C2(O)C3C=C(C)C(=O)C3(O)CC(CO)=CC2C2C1(OC(C)=O)C2(C)C PHEDXBVPIONUQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 206010010744 Conjunctivitis allergic Diseases 0.000 description 3
- -1 Cysteinyl LT Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 210000001744 T-lymphocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 208000002205 allergic conjunctivitis Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 208000024998 atopic conjunctivitis Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229940124630 bronchodilator Drugs 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003246 corticosteroid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229940088679 drug related substance Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012894 fetal calf serum Substances 0.000 description 3
- 210000003630 histaminocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 229960000443 hydrochloric acid Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 229940125369 inhaled corticosteroids Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 230000004199 lung function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 210000004698 lymphocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 210000002540 macrophage Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 210000001616 monocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 210000003097 mucus Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 210000003928 nasal cavity Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 210000002345 respiratory system Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- FTLYMKDSHNWQKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2,4,5-trichlorophenyl)boronic acid Chemical compound OB(O)C1=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C1Cl FTLYMKDSHNWQKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YFMFNYKEUDLDTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)C(F)(F)F YFMFNYKEUDLDTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WRMNZCZEMHIOCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylethanol Chemical compound OCCC1=CC=CC=C1 WRMNZCZEMHIOCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CFKMVGJGLGKFKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-chloro-m-cresol Chemical compound CC1=CC(O)=CC=C1Cl CFKMVGJGLGKFKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000700199 Cavia porcellus Species 0.000 description 2
- 102000004127 Cytokines Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000695 Cytokines Proteins 0.000 description 2
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N D-Mannitol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000709661 Enterovirus Species 0.000 description 2
- 229920002148 Gellan gum Polymers 0.000 description 2
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004471 Glycine Substances 0.000 description 2
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 108010063738 Interleukins Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102000015696 Interleukins Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 229930195725 Mannitol Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 102000014415 Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108050003473 Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 102100022364 Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenase Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 2
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000012980 RPMI-1640 medium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000036071 Rhinorrhea Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 206010039101 Rhinorrhoea Diseases 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OIPILFWXSMYKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetylcholine Chemical compound CC(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C OIPILFWXSMYKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960004373 acetylcholine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008186 active pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 201000009961 allergic asthma Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000005557 antagonist Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003092 anti-cytokine Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003110 anti-inflammatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001022 anti-muscarinic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- YZXBAPSDXZZRGB-DOFZRALJSA-N arachidonic acid Chemical compound CCCCC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCC(O)=O YZXBAPSDXZZRGB-DOFZRALJSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229960001927 cetylpyridinium chloride Drugs 0.000 description 2
- NFCRBQADEGXVDL-UHFFFAOYSA-M cetylpyridinium chloride monohydrate Chemical compound O.[Cl-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+]1=CC=CC=C1 NFCRBQADEGXVDL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035605 chemotaxis Effects 0.000 description 2
- OSASVXMJTNOKOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobutanol Chemical compound CC(C)(O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl OSASVXMJTNOKOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001713 cholinergic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001684 chronic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002648 combination therapy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229960001334 corticosteroids Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000006184 cosolvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000003979 eosinophil Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 239000003862 glucocorticoid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 2
- PGHMRUGBZOYCAA-ADZNBVRBSA-N ionomycin Chemical compound O1[C@H](C[C@H](O)[C@H](C)[C@H](O)[C@H](C)/C=C/C[C@@H](C)C[C@@H](C)C(/O)=C/C(=O)[C@@H](C)C[C@@H](C)C[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C)CC[C@@]1(C)[C@@H]1O[C@](C)([C@@H](C)O)CC1 PGHMRUGBZOYCAA-ADZNBVRBSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PGHMRUGBZOYCAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ionomycin Natural products O1C(CC(O)C(C)C(O)C(C)C=CCC(C)CC(C)C(O)=CC(=O)C(C)CC(C)CC(CCC(O)=O)C)CCC1(C)C1OC(C)(C(C)O)CC1 PGHMRUGBZOYCAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OEXHQOGQTVQTAT-JRNQLAHRSA-N ipratropium Chemical compound O([C@H]1C[C@H]2CC[C@@H](C1)[N@@+]2(C)C(C)C)C(=O)C(CO)C1=CC=CC=C1 OEXHQOGQTVQTAT-JRNQLAHRSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960001888 ipratropium Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 208000030500 lower respiratory tract disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000594 mannitol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010355 mannitol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001404 mediated effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- LXCFILQKKLGQFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylparaben Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 LXCFILQKKLGQFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003448 neutrophilic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000136 polysorbate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 230000005180 public health Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000241 respiratory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229940085605 saccharin sodium Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000000391 smoking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 206010041232 sneezing Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009885 systemic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229940037128 systemic glucocorticoids Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000003826 tablet Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002560 therapeutic procedure Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- LERNTVKEWCAPOY-DZZGSBJMSA-N tiotropium Chemical compound O([C@H]1C[C@@H]2[N+]([C@H](C1)[C@@H]1[C@H]2O1)(C)C)C(=O)C(O)(C=1SC=CC=1)C1=CC=CS1 LERNTVKEWCAPOY-DZZGSBJMSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940110309 tiotropium Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000011200 topical administration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000011479 upper respiratory tract disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OWEGMIWEEQEYGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 100676-05-9 Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(OC(O)C(O)C2O)CO)O1 OWEGMIWEEQEYGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCDWFXQBSFUVSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenoxyethanol Chemical compound OCCOC1=CC=CC=C1 QCDWFXQBSFUVSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LSLYOANBFKQKPT-DIFFPNOSSA-N 5-[(1r)-1-hydroxy-2-[[(2r)-1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-2-yl]amino]ethyl]benzene-1,3-diol Chemical compound C([C@@H](C)NC[C@H](O)C=1C=C(O)C=C(O)C=1)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 LSLYOANBFKQKPT-DIFFPNOSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 208000000884 Airway Obstruction Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000036065 Airway Remodeling Diseases 0.000 description 1
- HJCMDXDYPOUFDY-WHFBIAKZSA-N Ala-Gln Chemical compound C[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@H](C(O)=O)CCC(N)=O HJCMDXDYPOUFDY-WHFBIAKZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N Alpha-Lactose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010002198 Anaphylactic reaction Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 108010093579 Arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 208000009079 Bronchial Spasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000014181 Bronchial disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 208000024172 Cardiovascular disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102000019034 Chemokines Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010012236 Chemokines Proteins 0.000 description 1
- GHXZTYHSJHQHIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorhexidine Chemical compound C=1C=C(Cl)C=CC=1NC(N)=NC(N)=NCCCCCCN=C(N)N=C(N)NC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 GHXZTYHSJHQHIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K Citrate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229920000858 Cyclodextrin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 206010012438 Dermatitis atopic Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229920002307 Dextran Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004375 Dextrin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001353 Dextrin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002965 ELISA Methods 0.000 description 1
- 102100023688 Eotaxin Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101710139422 Eotaxin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010017213 Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100039620 Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 241000282412 Homo Species 0.000 description 1
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen bromide Chemical compound Br CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 108010002386 Interleukin-3 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108090000978 Interleukin-4 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010002616 Interleukin-5 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000003820 Lipoxygenases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000128 Lipoxygenases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241001082241 Lythrum hyssopifolia Species 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-PICCSMPSSA-N Maltose Natural products O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-PICCSMPSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920000168 Microcrystalline cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 208000000592 Nasal Polyps Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010028735 Nasal congestion Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010052437 Nasal discomfort Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000026344 Nasal disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 208000030880 Nose disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010030111 Oedema mucosal Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 102000003992 Peroxidases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 101710156627 Polyunsaturated fatty acid 5-lipoxygenase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000700159 Rattus Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010057190 Respiratory tract infections Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010070774 Respiratory tract oedema Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010061494 Rhinovirus infection Diseases 0.000 description 1
- GIIZNNXWQWCKIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Serevent Chemical compound C1=C(O)C(CO)=CC(C(O)CNCCCCCCOCCCCC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 GIIZNNXWQWCKIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000036142 Viral infection Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001464 adherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000005091 airway smooth muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- NDAUXUAQIAJITI-UHFFFAOYSA-N albuterol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)NCC(O)C1=CC=C(O)C(CO)=C1 NDAUXUAQIAJITI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013566 allergen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000172 allergic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000028004 allergic respiratory disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000001132 alveolar macrophage Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002052 anaphylactic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036783 anaphylactic response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000003455 anaphylaxis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000000845 anti-microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001262 anti-secretory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000427 antigen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 102000036639 antigens Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108091007433 antigens Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-WDCZJNDASA-N arabinose Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)C=O PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-WDCZJNDASA-N 0.000 description 1
- PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N arabinose Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C=O PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940114079 arachidonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000021342 arachidonic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010323 ascorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960005070 ascorbic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011668 ascorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000008937 atopic dermatitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000010668 atopic eczema Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000003651 basophil Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 1
- SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-D-Pyranose-Lyxose Natural products OC1COC(O)C(O)C1O SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QUYVBRFLSA-N beta-maltose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QUYVBRFLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004071 biological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007883 bronchodilation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000168 bronchodilator agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011685 brown norway rat Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007853 buffer solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000020411 cell activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004709 cell invasion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008614 cellular interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005482 chemotactic factor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960003260 chlorhexidine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960002152 chlorhexidine acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960004926 chlorobutanol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960002242 chlorocresol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000009783 cholinergic response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000023819 chronic asthma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000001886 ciliary effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015165 citric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000795 conjunctiva Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002920 convulsive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940109248 cromoglycate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- IMZMKUWMOSJXDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N cromoglycic acid Chemical compound O1C(C(O)=O)=CC(=O)C2=C1C=CC=C2OCC(O)COC1=CC=CC2=C1C(=O)C=C(C(O)=O)O2 IMZMKUWMOSJXDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012228 culture supernatant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000016396 cytokine production Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000034994 death Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000850 decongestant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940124581 decongestants Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000432 density-gradient centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019425 dextrin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013681 dietary sucrose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002016 disaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OP([O-])([O-])=O BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000397 disodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019800 disodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- ARTUONWSHRLGPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecasodium acetic acid tetraborate Chemical compound C(C)(=O)O.B([O-])([O-])[O-].B([O-])([O-])[O-].B([O-])([O-])[O-].B([O-])([O-])[O-].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+] ARTUONWSHRLGPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002651 drug therapy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000005069 ears Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002919 epithelial cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BEFDCLMNVWHSGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenylcyclopentane Chemical compound C=CC1CCCC1 BEFDCLMNVWHSGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005713 exacerbation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000024695 exercise-induced bronchoconstriction Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229960001022 fenoterol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000007941 film coated tablet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002848 formoterol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- BPZSYCZIITTYBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N formoterol Chemical compound C1=CC(OC)=CC=C1CC(C)NCC(O)C1=CC=C(O)C(NC=O)=C1 BPZSYCZIITTYBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008717 functional decline Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000216 gellan gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010492 gellan gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000003714 granulocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 150000008282 halocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- UKACHOXRXFQJFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptafluoropropane Chemical compound FC(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F UKACHOXRXFQJFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000938 histamine H1 antagonist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009610 hypersensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007233 immunological mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001727 in vivo Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000027866 inflammatory disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000037456 inflammatory mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000028709 inflammatory response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940041682 inhalant solution Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000002664 inhalation therapy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007951 isotonicity adjuster Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960001021 lactose monohydrate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000011268 leukocyte chemotaxis Effects 0.000 description 1
- VNYSSYRCGWBHLG-AMOLWHMGSA-N leukotriene B4 Chemical compound CCCCC\C=C/C[C@@H](O)\C=C\C=C\C=C/[C@@H](O)CCCC(O)=O VNYSSYRCGWBHLG-AMOLWHMGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005923 long-lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004072 lung Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000012139 lysis buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002160 maltose Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004292 methyl p-hydroxybenzoate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010270 methyl p-hydroxybenzoate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960002216 methylparaben Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940016286 microcrystalline cellulose Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019813 microcrystalline cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008108 microcrystalline cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004001 molecular interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002772 monosaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000403 monosodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019799 monosodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000004877 mucosa Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000003149 muscarinic antagonist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002850 nasal mucosa Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000004096 non-sedating histamine H1 antagonist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001129 nonadrenergic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002536 noncholinergic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000007892 occupational asthma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001542 oligosaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000002482 oligosaccharides Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000036542 oxidative stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- RARSHUDCJQSEFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-Hydroxypropiophenone Chemical compound CCC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 RARSHUDCJQSEFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006072 paste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001717 pathogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 description 1
- 108040007629 peroxidase activity proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000000825 pharmaceutical preparation Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000144 pharmacologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960005323 phenoxyethanol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940067107 phenylethyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- DCNLOVYDMCVNRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylmercury(.) Chemical class [Hg]C1=CC=CC=C1 DCNLOVYDMCVNRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PHEDXBVPIONUQT-RGYGYFBISA-N phorbol 13-acetate 12-myristate Chemical compound C([C@]1(O)C(=O)C(C)=C[C@H]1[C@@]1(O)[C@H](C)[C@H]2OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCC)C(CO)=C[C@H]1[C@H]1[C@]2(OC(C)=O)C1(C)C PHEDXBVPIONUQT-RGYGYFBISA-N 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L phthalate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229920001983 poloxamer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940068965 polysorbates Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003389 potentiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011533 pre-incubation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- MCSINKKTEDDPNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyl propionate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)CC MCSINKKTEDDPNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000020029 respiratory tract infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960002052 salbutamol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960004017 salmeterol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003118 sandwich ELISA Methods 0.000 description 1
- HFHDHCJBZVLPGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N schardinger α-dextrin Chemical compound O1C(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(O)C2O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC2C(O)C(O)C1OC2CO HFHDHCJBZVLPGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000028327 secretion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000009890 sinusitis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].OP(O)([O-])=O AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000012453 solvate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004334 sorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010199 sorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940075582 sorbic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960002920 sorbitol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000008223 sterile water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960004793 sucrose Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013595 supernatant sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005062 synaptic transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- RTKIYNMVFMVABJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L thimerosal Chemical compound [Na+].CC[Hg]SC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O RTKIYNMVFMVABJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229960004906 thiomersal Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000006208 topical dosage form Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011277 treatment modality Methods 0.000 description 1
- LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris Chemical compound OCC(N)(CO)CO LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000281 trometamol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920001664 tyloxapol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- MDYZKJNTKZIUSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N tyloxapol Chemical compound O=C.C1CO1.CC(C)(C)CC(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 MDYZKJNTKZIUSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004224 tyloxapol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009385 viral infection Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003169 water-soluble polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/40—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. sulpiride, succinimide, tolmetin, buflomedil
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/40—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. sulpiride, succinimide, tolmetin, buflomedil
- A61K31/4015—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having five-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom, e.g. sulpiride, succinimide, tolmetin, buflomedil having oxo groups directly attached to the heterocyclic ring, e.g. piracetam, ethosuximide
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
- A61K31/33—Heterocyclic compounds
- A61K31/395—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins
- A61K31/435—Heterocyclic compounds having nitrogen as a ring hetero atom, e.g. guanethidine or rifamycins having six-membered rings with one nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- A61K31/47—Quinolines; Isoquinolines
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K45/00—Medicinal preparations containing active ingredients not provided for in groups A61K31/00 - A61K41/00
- A61K45/06—Mixtures of active ingredients without chemical characterisation, e.g. antiphlogistics and cardiaca
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P11/00—Drugs for disorders of the respiratory system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P11/00—Drugs for disorders of the respiratory system
- A61P11/02—Nasal agents, e.g. decongestants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P11/00—Drugs for disorders of the respiratory system
- A61P11/06—Antiasthmatics
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P11/00—Drugs for disorders of the respiratory system
- A61P11/08—Bronchodilators
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Pulmonology (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Otolaryngology (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
Abstract
Description
現在では、薬物療法は、喘息治療の主力である。短期間及び長期間作用する吸入型β2-アドレナリン受容体アゴニストが利用できる。短期間作用性β2アドレナリン受容体アゴニストは、症状の迅速な軽減のためにオンデマンドベースで使用される。近年では、長期作用性吸入型β2-アドレナリン受容体アゴニストは、特に、中程度〜重篤な喘息を患う患者において、喘息の管理における役割が増大している。抗ムスカリン作用薬は、β2アドレナリン受容体アゴニストよりも、喘息発作の軽減において多少有効性が低い(Rodrigo and Rodrigo, Chest 2002; 121:1977-87)。しかしながら、新規の抗コリン作用性チオトロピウムの導入を伴って、呼吸器疾患における抗コリン作用薬を使用することは、劇的に増大するであろう。吸入型コルチコステロイドは、慢性喘息における治療の主力となってきている。これらは、利用可能な臨床的に最も有効な治療であるが、重篤な副次効果をもたらすことがあり、そしてそれ以上に、コルチコステロイド抵抗性喘息において効果的ではない。
現在の管理は、COPDを患う患者の肺機能を改善することに焦点を当てている。この過程における第一のステップは、禁煙である。喫煙の減少又は禁煙は、いくらかの呼吸器パラメーターの改善をもたらしうる。気管支拡張薬(β2-アドレナリン受容体アゴニスト、及び抗コリン作用薬)は、今や対症療法の主力である。短期及び長期作用性β2-アドレナリン受容体アゴニスト、例えば、サルブタモール、フェノテロール、サルメテロール、ホルモテロールなどは、対症COPD管理において確立された治療である。短期作用性抗ムスカリン作用薬のなかで、イプラトピウムが広く使用されている。近年、チオトロピウム、つまりM3-ムスカリン作用性受容体に対して一定の選好性を有する長期作用性抗コリン作用薬、は全世界で導入されてきた(Hansel and Barnes, Drugs Today (Bare) 2002; 38:585-600)。抗コリン作用薬は、ウマにおいても同様に、COPDの治療において効果的に使用することができる。COPDを患うウマにおいて、2400μg/ウマの用量のイプラトピウムは、有効な気管支拡張薬である(Duvivierら、Equine Vet J 1999; 31 :20-4, Baylyら、Equine Vet J. 2002 Jan;34(1):36-43)。現在では、COPDの抗炎症性治療は未解決である。 COPDに対して全身及び吸入型グルココルチコイドを使用することは、過去20年にわたりかなり増加した。これらは、COPDにおける炎症との相互作用が当該疾患コースを変化させるという前提に基づいて、当該グルココルチコイドが試験された。吸入型コルチコステロイドが、喘息の管理において証明された利点を有するが、近年まで、非喘息性-喫煙関連COPDにおける有効性は、証拠に基づくものではなかった(Bonayら、Drug Saf 2002; 25:57-71)。吸入型コルチコステロイドは、相対的に、COPDを特徴付ける炎症過程にほとんど影響を与えない(Adcock and Chung, Curr Opin Investig Drugs 2002; 3:58-60)。
TNFαだけではなく、IL-2も炎症性気道疾患において重要な役割を果たす。喘息のある形態では(例えば、内因性及び職業性喘息)、T細胞の特定のサブセットが、他の物の中から特にIL-2を産生する(Ricciら;J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 1994; 4:214-20)。さらに、アレルギー患者は、IL-2を分泌するために誘導されたT細胞の特別な集合を有する(McHughら; Clin Exp Allergy 1993; 23:137-44)。cysLT-受容体アンタゴニストであるザフィルルカストは、オボアルブミン感作ブラウン・ノルウェーラットにおいて、とりわけIL-2発現を低減することができるということが示された(Linら; Clin Exp Allergy 2002; 32:960-6)。その結果、cysLT受容体アンタゴニストと組み合わせたR,R-グリコピロレートによるTNFα及びインターロイキン(IL)-2の放出への影響は、ヒト末梢血単核細胞(PBMC)を用いることにより調べられた。当該研究は、ヘルシンキ及び東京国際宣言に従った大学倫理委員会により承認された。
本発明は、単独で投与されるか、又はLT-受容体アンタゴニスト、例えばモンテルカスト、ザフィルルカスト、及び/又はプラヌルカストと組み合わせて抗コリン作用薬、例えばR,R-グリコピロレートを同時に、個々の物質として次々に、又は記載される様式で固定の組み合わせとして投与する組み合わせ剤を記載する。
最も利用可能な技術は、主にラクトースをラクトース一水和物として使用することである。使用される賦形剤は、最大でおよそ500μmの粒子サイズ分布を特徴とし、好ましい平均粒子直径は、約110〜290μmである。活性成分は、最大4μmの平均粒子直径を有してもよい。
グリコピロレートを含有する鼻腔用スプレー又は点鼻薬
R,R-グリコピロレート 0.0070g
ヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロース 0.1000g
エデト酸ナトリウム 0.0500g
塩化ベンザルコニウム 0.0125g
ソルビトール溶液70% 6.6000g
精製水 100mlにする
80%の精製水を、適切な攪拌子を備える容器に入れる。グリコピロレート、ヒドロキシプロピルメチルセルロース、塩化ベンザルコニウム、エデト酸ナトリウム、及びソルビトール溶液を次ぎつぎに精製水に加え、攪拌して溶解する。精製水を用いて終体積にし、そして攪拌する。0.2μmの孔サイズを有する膜フィルターを通して溶液をろ過し、そして容器に分注する。
モンテルカスト(1%)を含む鼻腔用スプレー又は点鼻薬の懸濁液
モンテルカスト 1.0000g
Avicel RC 591 1.1000g
ポリソルベート80 0.1000g
エデト酸ナトリウム 0.0500g
塩化ベンザルコニウム 0.0200g
ソルビトール溶液70% 0.6000g
精製水 100mlにする
適切な攪拌子を備え、ホモジェナイズ装置を有する容器に80%精製水を入れ、そしてAvicel RC 591をその中で高速でホモジェナイズする。次に、ポリソルベート80、ソルビトール溶液、エデト酸ナトリウム、及び塩化ベンザルコニウムを攪拌しながら溶解した。次に、均一な懸濁液が得られるまで、活性化合物モンテルカストを高速でホモジェナイズする。次に、精製水で終体積にし、そしてさらにホモジェナイズする。次に生じた気泡を取り除くために、懸濁液を脱気した。得られた懸濁液を容器に分注する。
R,R-グリコピロレート及びモンテルカストを含む鼻腔用スプレー又は点鼻薬
R,R-グリコピロレート 0.0070g
モンテルカスト 1.0000g
Avicel RC 591 1.1000g
ポリソルベート80 0.1000g
エデト酸ナトリウム 0.0500g
塩化ベンザルコニウム 0.0200g
ソルビトール溶液70% 6.0000g
精製水 100mlにする
適切な攪拌子を備え、ホモジェナイズ装置を有する容器に80%精製水を入れ、そしてAvicel RC 591をその中で高速でホモジェナイズする。次に、R,R-グリコピロレート及び賦形剤ポリソルベート80、ソルビトール溶液、エデト酸ナトリウム、及び塩化ベンザルコニウムを攪拌しながら溶解した。次に、均一な懸濁液が得られるまで、活性化合物モンテルカストを高速でホモジェナイズする。次に、精製水で終体積にし、そしてさらにホモジェナイズする。次に生じた気泡を取り除くために、懸濁液を脱気した。得られた懸濁液を容器に分注する。
一回用量あたり、20μgのグリコピロレート及び2.5mgのモンテルカストを伴う吸入用乾燥粉末
R,R-グリコピロレート 20.000g
モンテルカスト 2500.000g
ラクトース 9480.000g
20gの量の微紛化グリコピロレートを、180gのαラクトース一水和物と混合し、当該混合物を、0.5mmメッシュサイズの篩にかけ、そして最終的に再び混合した。処理を受けた混合物を、1800gのαラクトース一水和物と混合する(混合物2)。当該混合物を2つに分ける。グリコピロレート/ラクトースの混合物2の第一部分と2500gの微粉化モンテルカストを混合し、当該混合物を0.8mmメッシュサイズの篩にかけ、そして最終的に再び混合する(混合物3)。まず混合物3及び7500gのラクトースを混合し;最後に当該混合物とグリコピロレート/ラクトース混合物2の第二部分を混合する(混合物4)。得られた混合物を0.8mmメッシュサイズの篩にかける。続いて、混合物を再び混合し、そして得られた粉末混合物を、粉末吸入機中に満たし、1用量あたり12mgの粉末を放出させる。
一回用量あたり50μgのグリコピロレート及び2.5mgのモンテルカストを伴う加圧計量吸入機
R,R-グリコピロレート 0.840g
モンテルカスト 42.000g
サッカリンナトリウム 1.800g
Tagat TO 23.400g
無水エタノール 23.400g
HFA227 ad2340.000g
2000gの量の1,1,1,2,3,3,3ヘプタフルオロプロパン(HFA)227)を-55℃の温度に冷却し、そして攪拌しながら、23.4gの無水エチルアルコール中の23.4gのポリオキシエチレン-25-グリセリル-オリオレエート(商標名:Tagat TO)溶液と混合した。
Claims (22)
- アレルギー性鼻炎、気管支喘息、COPD、又は一般的な風邪を含む呼吸器疾患の治療のための抗コリン作用薬と少なくとも1のロイコトリエン阻害剤の組み合わせ剤。
- 前記抗コリン作用薬が、ラセミ型グリコピロレート、そのエナンチオマーのうちの一つ、特にR,R-グリコピロレート又はそのジアステレオ異性体のうちの一つ、又はそれらの生理学的に許容される塩、或いはそれらの混合物である、請求項1に記載の組み合わせ剤。
- 前記抗コリン作用薬が、R,R-グリコピロレート又はその生理学的に許容される塩である、請求項2に記載の組み合わせ剤。
- 前記ロイコトリエン阻害剤が、モンテルカスト、ザフィルルカスト、プランルカスト、L-648,051、MK-571、ベルルカスト(MK-0679)、ポビルカスト(SK&F104353-Z2)、AS-35、ICI204,219、トメルカスト(LY171,883)、又はそれらの生理学的に許容される塩を含む群から選ばれる、請求項1に記載の組み合わせ剤。
- 前記ロイコトリエン阻害剤の一日用量が、1〜100mg、好ましくは5〜20mgである、請求項4に記載の組み合わせ剤。
- 前記R,R-グリコピロレートの一日用量が、1〜500μgである、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の組み合わせ剤。
- 前記R,Rグリコピロレートの一日用量が、5〜100μgである、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の組み合わせ剤。
- アレルギー性鼻炎、気管支喘息、COPD、又は一般的な風邪を含む呼吸器疾患の治療用の医薬であって、抗コリン作用薬及び少なくとも1のロイコトリエン阻害剤を含む、前記医薬。
- 前記抗コリン作用薬が、ラセミ型グリコピロレート、そのエナンチオマーのうちの一つ、特にR,R-グリコピロレート又はそのジアステレオ異性体のうちの一つ、又はそれらの生理学的に許容される塩、或いはそれらの混合物であることを特徴とする、請求項8に記載の医薬。
- R,R-グリコピロレート又はその生理学的に許容される塩を含むことを特徴とする、請求項9に記載の医薬。
- 前記活性物質が、吸入適用に適した医薬形態において、適切な場合、通常の賦形剤、付加物、及び添加物と一緒に、固定された組み合わせ剤において容易に混合されて利用できる、請求項8に記載の医薬。
- 前記活性物質が、分離可能なパッケージ・ユニットにおいて利用でき、それにより両方の物質が、同時の吸入適用に利用できる様式で分離したパッケージ・ユニットから得ることができる、請求項8に記載の医薬。
- 前記活性物質が、互いに独立して適用されうる、請求項12に記載の医薬。
- 前記医薬が、高圧ガスを伴うか又は伴わない吸入可能なエアロゾルであることを特徴とする、請求項11〜13のいずれか一項に記載の医薬。
- 前記医薬が吸入可能な乾燥粉末であることを特徴とする、請求項11〜13のいずれか一項に記載の医薬。
- 前記医薬が、吸入可能な懸濁液又は溶液であることを特徴とする、請求項11〜13のいずれか一項に記載の医薬。
- 吸入機内に存在する、請求項11〜16のいずれか一項に記載の医薬。
- 哺乳動物においてアレルギー性鼻炎、気管支喘息、COPD又は一般的な風邪を含む呼吸器疾患を治療するための医薬の製造のための、局所抗コリン作用薬及び少なくとも1のロイコトリエン阻害剤又はそれらの生理学的に許容される塩の使用。
- 前記抗コリン作用薬が、ラセミ型グリコピロレート、そのエナンチオマー又はジアステレオ異性体のうちの一つ、又はそれらの生理学的に許容される塩、或いはそれらの混合物であることを特徴とする、請求項18に記載の使用。
- 前記抗コリン作用薬が、R,R-グリコピロレート又はその生理学的に許容される塩であることを特徴とする、請求項19に記載の方法。
- 前記哺乳動物が、ネコ、イヌ、又はウマであることを特徴とする、請求項18に記載の使用。
- 前記疾患が喘息及び慢性閉塞性肺疾患(COPD)などの閉塞性の構成又は潜在的な炎症により特徴付けられる、請求項18に記載の使用。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US66191805P | 2005-03-16 | 2005-03-16 | |
US60/661,918 | 2005-03-16 | ||
PCT/EP2006/002247 WO2006097250A1 (en) | 2005-03-16 | 2006-03-10 | The combination of anticholinergics and leukotriene recptor antagonists for the treatment of repiratory diseases |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2008533072A true JP2008533072A (ja) | 2008-08-21 |
JP2008533072A5 JP2008533072A5 (ja) | 2009-03-12 |
JP4991693B2 JP4991693B2 (ja) | 2012-08-01 |
Family
ID=36570797
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2008501208A Expired - Fee Related JP4991693B2 (ja) | 2005-03-16 | 2006-03-10 | 呼吸器疾患の治療のための抗コリン作用薬及びロイコトリエン受容体アンタゴニストの組み合わせ剤 |
Country Status (19)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8268864B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1863476B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4991693B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101128196B (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2006224842B2 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2595791C (ja) |
CY (1) | CY1117571T1 (ja) |
DK (1) | DK1863476T3 (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2570332T3 (ja) |
HK (1) | HK1114013A1 (ja) |
HR (1) | HRP20160373T1 (ja) |
HU (1) | HUE027076T2 (ja) |
MX (1) | MX2007011273A (ja) |
NO (1) | NO340405B1 (ja) |
NZ (1) | NZ560206A (ja) |
PL (1) | PL1863476T3 (ja) |
RU (1) | RU2420285C2 (ja) |
SI (1) | SI1863476T1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2006097250A1 (ja) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2023503189A (ja) * | 2020-02-03 | 2023-01-26 | タロー・ファーマシューティカル・インダストリーズ・リミテッド | 局所用モンテルカスト製剤 |
Families Citing this family (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20050048614A1 (en) * | 2000-06-13 | 2005-03-03 | Children's Medical Center Corporation | Biosynthetic oncolytic molecules and uses therefor |
RU2373204C2 (ru) * | 2003-07-28 | 2009-11-20 | Янссен Фармацевтика Н.В. | Бензимидазольные, бензтиазольные и бензоксазольные производные и их применение в качестве модуляторов lta4h |
TW200906396A (en) * | 2007-02-14 | 2009-02-16 | Janssen Pharmaceutica Nv | LTA4H modulators and uses thereof |
WO2009051818A1 (en) | 2007-10-18 | 2009-04-23 | Stiefel Research Australia Pty Ltd | Topical glycopyrrolate formulations |
WO2009052624A1 (en) * | 2007-10-25 | 2009-04-30 | Merck Frosst Canada Ltd. | Combination therapy |
WO2010144628A2 (en) * | 2009-06-09 | 2010-12-16 | Elevation Pharmaceuticals, Inc. | Treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with nebulized beta 2-agonist or combined nebulized beta 2-agonist and anticholinergic administration |
US9378456B2 (en) * | 2012-11-19 | 2016-06-28 | Microsoft Technology Licensing, Llc | Task completion |
JP6114841B2 (ja) | 2013-02-28 | 2017-04-12 | ダーミラ, インク.Dermira, Inc. | グリコピロレート塩 |
US8558008B2 (en) | 2013-02-28 | 2013-10-15 | Dermira, Inc. | Crystalline glycopyrrolate tosylate |
US9006462B2 (en) | 2013-02-28 | 2015-04-14 | Dermira, Inc. | Glycopyrrolate salts |
RU2686101C2 (ru) * | 2013-03-12 | 2019-04-24 | Селтакссис, Инк. | Способы ингибирования лейкотриен- а4-гидролазы |
MX2015011677A (es) | 2013-03-14 | 2016-07-08 | Celtaxsys Inc | Inhibidores de leucotrieno a4 hidrolasa. |
US20150196521A1 (en) * | 2014-01-10 | 2015-07-16 | Dignity Sciences Limited | Pharmaceutical compositions comprising 15-hepe and methods of treating asthma and lung disorders using same |
EP3801559A4 (en) | 2018-05-31 | 2022-03-02 | Celltaxis, LLC | METHOD FOR REDUCING LUNG EXACERBATIONS IN PATIENTS SUFFERING FROM RESPIRATORY DISEASE |
CN113613657A (zh) * | 2019-01-10 | 2021-11-05 | 江阴优培尔康药业有限公司 | 含有白三烯受体拮抗剂的新型配制品 |
CN115792229B (zh) * | 2022-01-28 | 2024-06-18 | 华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院 | 鼻分泌物中tPA在制备鼻息肉及其预后检测剂中的应用 |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0435038A (ja) * | 1990-05-31 | 1992-02-05 | Oki Electric Ind Co Ltd | 半導体素子及びその製造方法 |
JP2001504459A (ja) * | 1996-11-11 | 2001-04-03 | ノエ・クリスティアン・エル | 対掌体純粋な、塩基性アリール―シクロアルキル―ヒドロキシカルボン酸エステル、その製造方法及びこれを薬剤に使用する方法 |
JP2003513037A (ja) * | 1999-11-03 | 2003-04-08 | アストラゼネカ・アクチエボラーグ | β2(β2)アドレノレセプターアゴニストとロイコトリエンアンタゴニストを含む新規組合せ |
JP2004523482A (ja) * | 2000-10-31 | 2004-08-05 | ベーリンガー インゲルハイム ファルマ ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング ウント コンパニー コマンディトゲゼルシャフト | チオトロピウム塩を含有する溶液の吸入組成物 |
WO2004075896A1 (en) * | 2003-02-27 | 2004-09-10 | Chiesi Farmaceutici S.P.A. | Medicament comprising a highly potent long-lasting beta2-agonist in combination with other active ingredients |
Family Cites Families (29)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SI0706513T1 (en) | 1993-07-02 | 2002-10-31 | Altana Pharma Ag | Fluoroalkoxy-substituted benzamides and their use as cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase inhibitors |
WO1998000016A1 (en) | 1996-07-01 | 1998-01-08 | Sepracor, Inc. | Methods and compositions for treating urinary incontinence using enantiomerically enriched (r,r)-glycopyrrolate |
CN1253508A (zh) * | 1997-04-30 | 2000-05-17 | 沃尼尔-朗伯公司 | 局部鼻用抗炎组合物 |
US6384038B1 (en) * | 1998-04-14 | 2002-05-07 | Sepracor Inc. | Methods and compositions using cetirizine in combination with leukotriene inhibitors or decongestants |
US6402285B1 (en) * | 1998-05-29 | 2002-06-11 | Citizen Watch Co., Ltd. | Method of subjecting ink jet printer to preuse treatment |
ATE234604T1 (de) | 1998-08-04 | 2003-04-15 | Jago Res Ag | Medizinische aerosolformulierungen |
CA2347856C (en) | 1998-11-13 | 2009-02-17 | Jago Research Ag | Dry powder for inhalation |
DE19921693A1 (de) | 1999-05-12 | 2000-11-16 | Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma | Neuartige Arzneimittelkompositionen auf der Basis von anticholinergisch wirksamen Verbindungen und ß-Mimetika |
US6086914A (en) * | 1999-03-12 | 2000-07-11 | Weinstein; Robert E. | Nonsedating formulations for allergic rhinitis which possess antihistaminic and anticholinergic activity |
US20040002548A1 (en) | 1999-05-12 | 2004-01-01 | Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma Kg | Medicament compositions containing anticholinergically-effective compounds and betamimetics |
DE19961300A1 (de) | 1999-12-18 | 2001-06-21 | Asta Medica Ag | Vorratssystem für Arzneimittel in Pulverform und damit ausgestatteter Inhalator |
DE10007203A1 (de) * | 2000-02-17 | 2001-08-23 | Asta Medica Ag | Neue Kombination nichtsedierender Antihistaminika mit Substanzen, die die Leukotrienwirkung beeinflussen, zur Behandlung der Rhinitis/Konjunktivitis |
GB0008660D0 (en) | 2000-04-07 | 2000-05-31 | Arakis Ltd | The treatment of respiratory diseases |
GB0009583D0 (en) | 2000-04-18 | 2000-06-07 | Glaxo Group Ltd | Respiratory formulations |
DE10110772A1 (de) | 2001-03-07 | 2002-09-12 | Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma | Neue Arzneimittelkompositionen auf der Basis von Anticholinergika und PDE-IV-Inhibitoren |
GB0029903D0 (en) | 2000-12-07 | 2001-01-24 | Arakis Ltd | Use of anti-muscarinic agents |
EP1372608B1 (de) | 2001-03-30 | 2007-10-10 | Jagotec Ag | Medizinische aerosolformulierungen |
US6667344B2 (en) | 2001-04-17 | 2003-12-23 | Dey, L.P. | Bronchodilating compositions and methods |
MXPA03010791A (es) | 2001-05-25 | 2004-03-02 | Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma | Combinacion de inhibidor de pde4 y tiotropio a sus derivados para tratamiento de enfermedades obstructivas de vias respiratorias y de otras enfermedades inflamatorias. |
JP2005508861A (ja) | 2001-05-25 | 2005-04-07 | ファイザー・インク | 閉塞性気管疾患の治療のためのpde4阻害剤及び抗コリン性剤の組み合わせ物 |
GB0118373D0 (en) | 2001-07-27 | 2001-09-19 | Glaxo Group Ltd | Novel therapeutic method |
MY148466A (en) * | 2001-10-26 | 2013-04-30 | Merck Frosst Canada Ltd | Granule formulation |
US7258118B2 (en) | 2002-01-24 | 2007-08-21 | Sofotec Gmbh & Co, Kg | Pharmaceutical powder cartridge, and inhaler equipped with same |
US20040038958A1 (en) | 2002-07-11 | 2004-02-26 | Chris Rundfeldt | Topical treatment of skin diseases |
UA82323C2 (uk) | 2002-08-09 | 2008-04-10 | Меда Фарма Гмбх & Ко. Кг | Нова комбінація глюкокортикоїду та pde-інгібітору для лікування респіраторних захворювань, алергічних захворювань, астми та хронічних обструктивних легеневих захворювань |
AU2003272450A1 (en) * | 2002-09-13 | 2004-04-30 | C. Steven Smith | Novel composition and method for treatment of upper respiratory conditions |
PT1610787E (pt) | 2003-03-28 | 2008-04-23 | Nycomed Gmbh | Associação sinérgica compreendendo roflumilast e um agente anticolinérgico seleccionado de sais de tiotrópio para o tratamento de doenças respiratórias |
JPWO2005055999A1 (ja) | 2003-12-08 | 2007-07-05 | 日本新薬株式会社 | 抗コリン作用剤 |
GB0411056D0 (en) * | 2004-05-18 | 2004-06-23 | Novartis Ag | Organic compounds |
-
2006
- 2006-03-10 MX MX2007011273A patent/MX2007011273A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2006-03-10 ES ES06723360T patent/ES2570332T3/es active Active
- 2006-03-10 DK DK06723360.1T patent/DK1863476T3/en active
- 2006-03-10 HU HUE06723360A patent/HUE027076T2/en unknown
- 2006-03-10 WO PCT/EP2006/002247 patent/WO2006097250A1/en active Application Filing
- 2006-03-10 CN CN2006800061530A patent/CN101128196B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-03-10 PL PL06723360T patent/PL1863476T3/pl unknown
- 2006-03-10 RU RU2007138270/15A patent/RU2420285C2/ru not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2006-03-10 JP JP2008501208A patent/JP4991693B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-03-10 CA CA2595791A patent/CA2595791C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-03-10 EP EP06723360.1A patent/EP1863476B1/en active Active
- 2006-03-10 SI SI200632036A patent/SI1863476T1/sl unknown
- 2006-03-10 NZ NZ560206A patent/NZ560206A/en unknown
- 2006-03-10 AU AU2006224842A patent/AU2006224842B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2006-03-16 US US11/376,615 patent/US8268864B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2007
- 2007-10-16 NO NO20075287A patent/NO340405B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2008
- 2008-04-14 HK HK08104158.2A patent/HK1114013A1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2016
- 2016-04-12 HR HRP20160373TT patent/HRP20160373T1/hr unknown
- 2016-04-28 CY CY20161100365T patent/CY1117571T1/el unknown
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH0435038A (ja) * | 1990-05-31 | 1992-02-05 | Oki Electric Ind Co Ltd | 半導体素子及びその製造方法 |
JP2001504459A (ja) * | 1996-11-11 | 2001-04-03 | ノエ・クリスティアン・エル | 対掌体純粋な、塩基性アリール―シクロアルキル―ヒドロキシカルボン酸エステル、その製造方法及びこれを薬剤に使用する方法 |
JP2003513037A (ja) * | 1999-11-03 | 2003-04-08 | アストラゼネカ・アクチエボラーグ | β2(β2)アドレノレセプターアゴニストとロイコトリエンアンタゴニストを含む新規組合せ |
JP2004523482A (ja) * | 2000-10-31 | 2004-08-05 | ベーリンガー インゲルハイム ファルマ ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツング ウント コンパニー コマンディトゲゼルシャフト | チオトロピウム塩を含有する溶液の吸入組成物 |
WO2004075896A1 (en) * | 2003-02-27 | 2004-09-10 | Chiesi Farmaceutici S.P.A. | Medicament comprising a highly potent long-lasting beta2-agonist in combination with other active ingredients |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2023503189A (ja) * | 2020-02-03 | 2023-01-26 | タロー・ファーマシューティカル・インダストリーズ・リミテッド | 局所用モンテルカスト製剤 |
JP7314421B2 (ja) | 2020-02-03 | 2023-07-25 | タロー・ファーマシューティカル・インダストリーズ・リミテッド | 局所用モンテルカスト製剤 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
PL1863476T3 (pl) | 2016-07-29 |
NZ560206A (en) | 2009-09-25 |
HK1114013A1 (en) | 2008-10-24 |
CY1117571T1 (el) | 2017-04-26 |
HUE027076T2 (en) | 2016-08-29 |
EP1863476A1 (en) | 2007-12-12 |
RU2007138270A (ru) | 2009-04-27 |
HRP20160373T1 (hr) | 2016-05-06 |
JP4991693B2 (ja) | 2012-08-01 |
SI1863476T1 (sl) | 2016-05-31 |
ES2570332T3 (es) | 2016-05-17 |
CA2595791C (en) | 2013-10-08 |
DK1863476T3 (en) | 2016-05-17 |
AU2006224842B2 (en) | 2011-09-29 |
CA2595791A1 (en) | 2006-09-21 |
US8268864B2 (en) | 2012-09-18 |
US20060211729A1 (en) | 2006-09-21 |
NO20075287L (no) | 2007-12-05 |
CN101128196B (zh) | 2013-01-02 |
NO340405B1 (no) | 2017-04-18 |
AU2006224842A1 (en) | 2006-09-21 |
WO2006097250A1 (en) | 2006-09-21 |
CN101128196A (zh) | 2008-02-20 |
MX2007011273A (es) | 2007-11-08 |
RU2420285C2 (ru) | 2011-06-10 |
EP1863476B1 (en) | 2016-02-03 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP4991693B2 (ja) | 呼吸器疾患の治療のための抗コリン作用薬及びロイコトリエン受容体アンタゴニストの組み合わせ剤 | |
TWI404530B (zh) | 包含抗蕈毒鹼劑及β-腎上腺素激動劑之組合 | |
JP2018168172A (ja) | ロフルミラストn−酸化物の吸入によって自己免疫、呼吸器性および炎症性の障害を処置する方法 | |
JP2007520507A (ja) | 呼吸器系疾患の治療用の抗コリン作用薬及び4型ホスホジエステラーゼの組合せ剤 | |
JP2003511417A (ja) | 局所的鼻疾患治療 | |
MXPA06013846A (es) | Combinaciones que comprenden agentes antimuscarinicos y agonistas beta-adrenergicos. | |
JP2007536362A (ja) | 小児喘息の治療 | |
UA119773C2 (uk) | Комбінації тіотропію броміду, формотеролу і будесоніду для лікування хронічної обструктивної хвороби легень (хохл) | |
EP1526870A1 (de) | Neue kombination von glucocorticoiden und pde-4-inhibitoren zur behandlung von atemwegserkrankungen, allergischen erkrankungen, asthma und copd | |
KR20180118667A (ko) | 만성 폐쇄성 폐 질환의 급성 악화 치료를 위한 투약법 | |
JP2015083596A (ja) | チアゾール誘導体を使用する方法 | |
JP2009029779A (ja) | レボカバスチン及び/又はその塩を含有する水性医薬組成物 | |
EP2931275B1 (en) | Aclidinium for use in increasing physical activity in daily life in a patient suffering from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | |
KR20070018104A (ko) | 항무스카린제 및 베타-아드레날린 작용제를 포함하는조합물 | |
MXPA06008937A (en) | Combination of anticholinergics and inhibitors of phosphodiesterase type 4 for the treatment of respiratory diseases |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20090122 |
|
A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20090122 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20110823 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20111122 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20111220 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20120313 |
|
TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20120403 |
|
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 |
|
A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20120507 |
|
R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Ref document number: 4991693 Country of ref document: JP Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
FPAY | Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database) |
Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20150511 Year of fee payment: 3 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
R250 | Receipt of annual fees |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250 |
|
LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |