JP2008215887A - 電気化学センサ及び電気化学センサシステム - Google Patents
電気化学センサ及び電気化学センサシステム Download PDFInfo
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- JP2008215887A JP2008215887A JP2007050433A JP2007050433A JP2008215887A JP 2008215887 A JP2008215887 A JP 2008215887A JP 2007050433 A JP2007050433 A JP 2007050433A JP 2007050433 A JP2007050433 A JP 2007050433A JP 2008215887 A JP2008215887 A JP 2008215887A
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- electrochemical sensor
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Abstract
【解決手段】支持体21と、支持体21上に形成された導電性のDLC膜からなる作用電極2と、対極3とを備える電気化学センサ1。また、電気化学センサ1と、電気化学センサ1を検体の酸化還元電流が検出されるように制御する制御部とを備える電気化学センサシステム。
【選択図】図2
Description
実施例1
原料ガスとしてSi2H6及びCH4を用い、イオン化蒸着装置を使用してケイ素と炭素から構成される非晶質層(厚さ3μm)を0.25cm2のアルミニウム板上に形成させた。これを、対向して配置された1対の電極を備える真空成膜装置内に入れ、原料ガスとしてエタン及びピリジンを供給しながら電極間に13.56MHzの周波数を有する電圧を印加し、原料ガスをプラズマ化させた。プラズマ化された原料ガスから生成した炭素が非晶質層上に堆積し、作用電極としての導電性のDLC膜が形成された。ピリジンは水素ガスをキャリアガスとして用いて導入した。形成された作用電極の抵抗率は0.3Ωcm−1であった。作用電極と同様の条件で対極としてのDLC膜も形成させた。また、参照電極としての銀−塩化銀電極も形成させた。以上のようにして電気化学センサを作製した。
作用電極として白金板を用いたことの他は実施例1と同様の方法で尿酸の酸化電流値を測定したところ0.1322mA・cm−1であり、尿酸濃度は0.8248mMと計算された。誤差は64.8%であった。
試料溶液にアスコルビン酸を投入しなかったこと以外は実施例1と同様にして測定を行ったところ、尿酸濃度は0.501mMと計算された。計算された濃度の実際の濃度に対する誤差は0.2%であった。
作用電極として白金板を用いたことの他は実施例2と同様にして測定を行ったところ、尿酸濃度は0.462mMと計算された。計算された濃度の実際の濃度に対する誤差は7.6%であった。白金板の場合、水の吸着による電気化学反応が起こり、これが残余電流として検出されたために誤差が大きくなったと考えられる。これに対して実施例2のようにDLC膜の場合は、白金板と比較して残余電流が少ないため高い検出精度が達成された。ガラス状炭素電極又は高配向熱分解炭素電極を用いて同様の実験を行った場合も、DLC膜と比較して誤差が大きかった。
実施例1と同様の条件で、作用電極又は対極としてのDLC膜をポリカーボネート基板上に形成した。形成されたDLC膜上に、RFスパッタによりナノメータスケールの粒径を有する銅微粒子を堆積させた。銀及び塩化銀を含むペーストの印刷により参照電極を形成させた。また、リード線としての3本の銅配線パターンを、作用電極、対極又は参照電極にそれぞれ接続されるようにメタルマスクを用いて形成させた。そして、作用電極、対極及び参照電極と銅配線パターンの端部が露出するような窓が形成されたポリカーボネートフィルムを接着して、図3と同様の構成を有する電気化学センサを作製した。これに実施例1と同様にポテンシオスタットを接続して、電気化学センサシステムを構成した。
作用極に銅板を用いたこと以外は実施例3と同様に試料溶液におけるグルコースの酸化電流を測定したところ3.2mAであった。この酸化電流値からはグルコースの濃度は4.69mMと計算され、誤差は6.2%であった。
ポリカーボネート基板上にプラズマCVDによって導電性のDLC膜(厚さ0.5μm)を成膜し、そこにナノメータスケールの粒径を有する銅微粒子をRFスパッタによって付与した。その他は実施例3と同様にしてグルコース濃度が5mMである試料溶液について酸化電流を測定し、グルコース濃度を計算したところ4.99mMであり、誤差は0.3%であった。
メタノール:アセトン=1:9(体積比)の混合溶媒に酸化ホウ素を溶解させて調製した蒸発原料を水素キャリアガスとともに反応器内に導入し、13.56MHzの周波数で電圧を印加してプラズマ化させ、導電性ホウ素ドープダイヤモンド薄膜をポリカーボネート基板上に成膜することを試みた。しかし、ポリカーボネート基板の温度をポリカーボネートの融点である230℃以下では導電性ホウ素ドープダイヤモンド薄膜を成膜することができなかった。
ポリカーボネート基板に代えてp型(111)面Siウエハを使用したこと以外は比較例4と同様の方法でに導電性ホウ素ドープダイヤモンド薄膜(厚さ0.5μm)を成膜し、そこにナノメータスケールの粒径を有する銅微粒子をRFスパッタによって付与した。。これ以外は実施例3と同様にしてグルコース濃度が5mMである試料溶液について酸化電流を測定し、グルコース濃度を算出したところ4.98mMであり、誤差は0.5%であった。
銅微粒子に代えて酸化ルテニウム微粒子をRFスパッタによりDLC膜に付与したこと以外は実施例3と同様にして試料溶液のグルコース濃度を算出したところ、4.99mMであった。
参照電極を形成せず、図4と同様の構成を有する電気化学センサを作製し、参照電極に代えて対極に対する電位によって作用電極を制御したこと以外は実施例3と同様の方法で試料溶液のグルコース濃度を測定したところ4.98mMであり、誤差は0.4%であった。
DLC膜を酸素プラズマ処理し、更に、アミノプロピルトリエトキシシランを80℃で反応させて、フタロシアニン修飾コバルトをDLC膜上に固定したことの他は実施例3と同様の電気化学センサシステムを構成した。これを用いて試料溶液のグルコース濃度を測定したところ、5.01mMであった。
DLC膜上にグルコースオキシターゼを固定したことの他は実施例3と同様にして、電気化学センサシステムを構成した。これを用いて試料溶液のグルコース濃度を測定したところ、5.00mMであった。
実施例1と同様にして形成させたDLC膜の表面に、混酸(濃硝酸+濃硫酸)で処理してニトロ基を導入し、そのニトロ基を塩化錫を触媒としてエタノール中でアミノ基に還元した。次いで、アミノ基に2,7−Di−tert−butyl−9,9−dimethyl−4,5−bis)N’−phenylthioureylene)−xantheneを結合させて、検体を捕捉する機能が付加されたDLC膜が得られた。その後、0.05Mリン酸水素ニナトリウム−リン酸ニ水素カリウムによるpH7.4の緩衝溶液にゼラチン及びフェロセンを溶解させて溶解液を調製し、加熱された溶解液DLC膜の表面に厚さ50μmに塗布した。冷却後、酸化還元物質であるフェロセンを含有するゲル電解質膜がDLC膜上に形成された。
実施例4と比較例5でそれぞれ作製した電気化学センサを用い、グルコース濃度の測定と測定後の純水による洗浄を4回繰り返して行った。実施例4の場合、グルコース濃度の測定値は順に4.99、5.01、4.98及び5.02mMであり、安定していた。これに対して、ダイヤモンド薄膜を用いた比較例5の場合は順に5.02、5.03、5.05及び5.06mMであり、測定と洗浄を繰り返すのにしたがって測定誤差が明らかに大きくなる傾向が認められた。これは、ダイヤモンド薄膜の表面から洗浄により充分に試料溶液が除去できなかったことに起因すると考えられる。
Claims (7)
- 支持体と、
該支持体上に形成された導電性のDLC膜からなる作用電極と、
対極と、を備える電気化学センサ。 - 前記DLC膜が遷移金属元素を含有する、請求項1記載の電気化学センサ。
- 前記DLC膜の表面に固定された生体関連物質を更に備える、請求項1記載の電気化学センサ。
- 前記DLC膜の表面に固定された、検体を捕捉する化合物であって捕捉された検体の量に応じて酸化還元物質の酸化還元電流を定量的に変化させる化合物を更に備える、請求項1または2に記載の電気化学センサ。
- 前記支持体がプラスチック基板である、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の電気化学センサ。
- 前記作用電極及び前記対極を覆うゲル電解質膜を更に備える、請求項1〜5のいずれか一項に記載の電気化学センサ。
- 請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の電気化学センサと、該電気化学センサにおいて生じる酸化還元電流を検出する制御部と、を備える電気化学センサシステム。
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JP2009244188A (ja) * | 2008-03-31 | 2009-10-22 | Tdk Corp | 電気化学センサ及び電気化学センサシステム |
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JP2012188688A (ja) * | 2011-03-09 | 2012-10-04 | Yamaguchi Univ | ダイヤモンドライクカーボン薄膜の製造方法及び該薄膜が金属基板上に形成された電極材料 |
JP5789034B1 (ja) * | 2014-05-08 | 2015-10-07 | 中原大學 | 尿酸の検出電極及びその製造方法 |
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JP7220598B2 (ja) | 2019-03-15 | 2023-02-10 | 本田技研工業株式会社 | 生体情報測定センサ、生体情報測定装置及び生体情報測定方法 |
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CN115524382A (zh) * | 2022-09-19 | 2022-12-27 | 华侨大学 | 一种电化学电极传感器及其应用 |
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