JP2008155085A - Waste water treatment method and apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a waste water treatment technology which can cope with a wide change of water quality, and can stably continue removal of ammonia nitrogen and organic matter. <P>SOLUTION: Waste water which has been subjected to adsorption treatment using an adsorbent is subjected to anammox treatment and activated sludge treatment. A ratio of chemical oxygen demand to ammonia nitrogen concentration in the waste water (a COD/N ratio [mg-COD/mg-N]) is obtained. Waste water with a COD/N ratio of ≥7.0 is subjected to the activated sludge treatment (S3). Waste water with a COD/N ratio of ≤0.3 is subjected to the anammox treatment (S5) using ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and anammox bacteria. Waste water with a COD/N ratio of >0.3 and <7.0 is subjected to the adsorption treatment (S6) where the adsorbent capable of adsorbing the organic matter is applied, and then to the anammox treatment (S5). The waste water after the anammox treatment is subjected to the activated sludge treatment (S3). After the activated sludge recovered from the waste water after the activated sludge treatment is used as the adsorbent, the activated sludge can be introduced to the activated sludge treatment. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a wastewater treatment method and a wastewater treatment apparatus for purifying wastewater, and in particular, has a wide range of applicable water quality for wastewater treatment in which nitrification and denitrification of ammonia contained in wastewater is caused by the action of microorganisms. The present invention relates to a wastewater treatment method and a wastewater treatment apparatus with high nitrogen and organic substance removal efficiency.

  In the treatment of wastewater using microorganisms, the ammonia contained in the wastewater is converted to nitrogen gas by the progress of oxidation (nitrification) of ammonia nitrogen and denitrification of the oxidized nitrogen (nitric acid, nitrous acid) by bacteria. Can do. This processing method can be classified as follows.

  A) A method of converting ammonia into oxidized nitrogen by nitrifying bacteria using activated sludge, and converting oxidized nitrogen into nitrogen gas using an organic substance such as methanol as an electron donor (for example, the activity of Patent Document 1 below) See Sludge Modification).

  B) A method of converting oxidized nitrogen to nitrogen gas by a group of bacteria that convert ammonia to oxidized nitrogen by nitrifying bacteria and then oxidize sulfur to reduce oxidized nitrogen.

C) Oxidation of ammonia to nitrite nitrogen by ammonia oxidizing bacteria (partial nitrification), and generation of nitrogen gas from ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen by anammox bacteria belonging to denitrifying bacteria (NH ₄ ⁺ + NO ₂ ⁻ → N ₂ + 2H ₂ O) step to convert ammonia into nitrogen gas (see Patent Document 2 below).
JP-A-8-267087 Special table 2001-506535

  Among the above processing methods, the processing method of A) is widely spread worldwide, and a highly stable formulation has been established based on many experiences. Since organic matter is required for reductive denitrification of nitrogen, it is not suitable for wastewater with little organic matter. Further, in actual treatment, in general, in order to enable operation only with organic substances contained in wastewater, the wastewater is circulated and applied in a form applied to repeat denitrification treatment and nitrification treatment. . However, in this case, oxidized nitrogen inevitably remains. Therefore, in order to reduce this concentration, it is necessary to increase the ratio of circulating the wastewater, and the repetition rate of the treatment is increased, which increases the operating cost. Moreover, the removal rate of oxidized nitrogen can be increased to about 90% by repeating the treatment by circulation. However, when the treatment is completed, it is necessary to add organic matter to the waste water from the outside, and the organic matter to be supplied Costs.

  Since the treatment method B) requires the addition of sulfur, the cost for using this chemical is required.

  The treatment method of C) does not require expensive chemicals and organic substances, and the oxygen supply amount necessary for the treatment is an amount that oxidizes half of the ammonia nitrogen at the start of the treatment. There is little load. However, in other words, organic matter contained in wastewater cannot be treated, and when applied to wastewater with a high concentration of organic matter, other bacteria are likely to grow. become unable. The nitrogen removal rate is about 90% or less, and the remaining about 10% remains in the wastewater as nitrate nitrogen.

  The present invention is a wastewater treatment method and wastewater treatment capable of efficiently treating organic matter and ammonia nitrogen in wastewater with a high removal rate without using expensive chemicals and organic matter addition, and enabling wastewater treatment for a wide range of water quality. It is an object to provide an apparatus.

  Another object of the present invention is to provide a wastewater treatment method and a wastewater treatment apparatus that can easily cope with a wide range of water quality fluctuations of wastewater and can stably continue the removal treatment of ammonia nitrogen and organic matter in the wastewater.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors have conducted intensive research. As a result, by appropriately combining the activated sludge treatment in A) and the treatment using anammox bacteria in C), the water quality of the wastewater can be changed. In addition, the present inventors have found that organic substances and ammonia nitrogen can be removed from wastewater with a high removal rate, and the present invention has been completed.

  According to one aspect of the present invention, a wastewater treatment method performs an adsorption treatment in which an adsorbent capable of adsorbing organic matter is allowed to act on wastewater to adsorb the organic matter contained in the wastewater to the adsorbent, and the wastewater after the adsorption treatment The adsorbent is removed from the anammox treatment by causing ammonia oxidizing bacteria and anammox bacteria to act, and the ammonia oxidizing bacteria and anammox bacteria are removed from the waste water after the anammox treatment, and the activated sludge is treated together with the adsorbent after the adsorption treatment. The gist is to do.

  According to another aspect of the present invention, a wastewater treatment method obtains a COD / N ratio [mg-COD / mg-N] which is a ratio of chemical oxygen demand to ammonia nitrogen concentration of wastewater, and COD Wastewater with a / N ratio of 7.0 or higher is subjected to activated sludge treatment, and wastewater with a COD / N ratio of 0.3 or lower is subjected to anammox treatment using ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and anammox bacteria. The gist of the present invention is to apply the anammox treatment to the wastewater having a ratio of more than 0.3 and less than 7.0, after performing an adsorption treatment to act an adsorbent capable of adsorbing organic matter.

  According to another aspect of the present invention, a wastewater treatment method obtains a COD / N ratio [mg-COD / mg-N] which is a ratio of chemical oxygen demand to ammonia nitrogen concentration of wastewater, and COD Wastewater with a / N ratio of 0.3 or less is subjected to anammox treatment using ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and anammox bacteria, and organic substances can be adsorbed to wastewater with a COD / N ratio of more than 0.3 and less than 7.0 The gist is that the anammox treatment is performed after the adsorption treatment that causes the adsorbent to act, and the activated sludge treatment is performed on the waste water after the anammox treatment.

  In the wastewater treatment method, the activated sludge recovered from the wastewater after the activated sludge treatment is used as an adsorbent in the adsorption treatment, and the activated sludge that has adsorbed the organic matter after the adsorption treatment is introduced into the activated sludge treatment. be able to.

  The activated sludge treatment includes a first denitrification treatment step under an anaerobic condition, a first nitrification treatment step under an aerobic condition, and a second denitrification treatment performed after the first nitrification treatment step. And a second nitrification treatment step performed after the second denitrification treatment.

  Furthermore, according to one aspect of the present invention, a wastewater treatment apparatus performs an adsorption treatment tank for containing an adsorbent capable of adsorbing organic matter in wastewater, and partial nitrification and denitrification of ammonia nitrogen in wastewater. An anammox treatment tank for containing ammonia oxidizing bacteria and anammox bacteria, an activated sludge treatment tank for containing activated sludge for nitrifying and denitrifying ammonia nitrogen in wastewater, and the anammox treatment tank from the adsorption treatment tank Water supply means for supplying wastewater to the water, water supply means for supplying wastewater from the anammox treatment tank to the activated sludge treatment tank, and for supplying the adsorbent from the adsorption treatment tank to the activated sludge treatment tank And a supply means.

  According to another aspect of the present invention, a wastewater treatment apparatus includes an adsorption treatment tank for containing an adsorbent capable of adsorbing organic matter in wastewater, and partial nitrification and denitrification of ammonia nitrogen in wastewater. An anammox treatment tank for containing ammonia oxidizing bacteria and anammox bacteria to be performed, an activated sludge treatment tank for containing activated sludge for nitrifying and denitrifying ammonia nitrogen in wastewater, and the concentration of ammonia nitrogen in wastewater According to the COD / N ratio [mg-COD / mg-N], which is the ratio of chemical oxygen demand, waste water having a COD / N ratio of 7.0 or more is supplied to the activated sludge treatment tank, Switching to switch waste water having a COD / N ratio of 0.3 or less to the anammox treatment tank, and waste water having a COD / N ratio of more than 0.3 and less than 7.0 to the adsorption treatment tank Means and said adsorption And summarized in that and a water supply means for supplying waste water from physical tank to the anammox process tank.

  According to another aspect of the present invention, a wastewater treatment apparatus includes an adsorption treatment tank for containing an adsorbent capable of adsorbing organic matter in wastewater, and partial nitrification and denitrification of ammonia nitrogen in wastewater. An anammox treatment tank for containing ammonia oxidizing bacteria and anammox bacteria to be performed, an activated sludge treatment tank for containing activated sludge for nitrifying and denitrifying ammonia nitrogen in wastewater, and the concentration of ammonia nitrogen in wastewater In accordance with the COD / N ratio [mg-COD / mg-N], which is the ratio of chemical oxygen demand, wastewater is supplied to the anammox treatment tank, and wastewater having a COD / N ratio of 0.3 or less is supplied to the COD. A switching means for switching so that waste water having an / N ratio of more than 0.3 and less than 7.0 is supplied to the adsorption treatment tank, and a water supply hand for supplying waste water from the adsorption treatment tank to the anammox treatment tank When, and summarized in that and a water supply means for supplying waste water to the bioreactor tank from the anammox process tank.

  According to the present invention, by performing the adsorption treatment, the organic matter in the wastewater can be effectively used for the activated sludge treatment. In addition, depending on the organic matter concentration and ammonia concentration contained in the wastewater, organic matter and ammonia nitrogen can be efficiently removed by selecting and combining the appropriate treatment methods from the activated sludge treatment method and the treatment method using anammox bacteria. It is possible to treat wastewater with a wide range of organic substance concentrations and ammonia concentrations. Therefore, a wastewater treatment method and a treatment apparatus with high treatment efficiency and high applicability are provided. In addition, since a treatment suitable for the nature of the bacteria can be applied, the treatment can be continued without impairing the growth balance of microorganisms. Since it can be carried out without adding organic substances or expensive chemicals to the processing system from the outside, it is advantageous in terms of processing cost and the structure of equipment required for processing is simple.

  In wastewater treatment, organic matter in wastewater becomes nutrients for microorganisms and affects the activity and growth balance of microorganisms. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the concentration of organic matter in wastewater according to the type of treatment method. Specifically, in the treatment method A) using activated sludge described above (activated sludge treatment method), denitrifying bacteria that convert nitrate nitrogen to nitrogen gas assimilate the organic matter, so that treatment is performed when there is little organic matter. The higher the ammonia concentration in the wastewater, the more organic matter is required. On the other hand, in the treatment method C) using ammonia oxidizing bacteria and anammox bacteria (hereinafter referred to as anammox treatment method), anammox bacteria produce nitrogen gas from nitrite nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen. If organic matter is not required and the concentration of organic matter is high, other bacteria that assimilate this preferentially proliferate, so that slow-growing anammox bacteria are easily removed. Therefore, in the anammox treatment method, it is necessary that the organic matter in the wastewater is relatively small.

  The inventor of the present application can suitably carry out a combination of anammox treatment and activated sludge treatment by using an adsorption treatment in which an adsorbent capable of adsorbing organic matter is allowed to act on wastewater and the organic matter contained in the wastewater is adsorbed on the adsorbent I found. In other words, wastewater whose organic matter has been reduced by adsorption treatment is subjected to anammox treatment by allowing ammonia oxidizing bacteria and anammox bacteria to act after removing the adsorbent, and the adsorbent adsorbing organic matter is treated with activated sludge together with the wastewater after anammox treatment. In As a result, the anammox treatment suitably proceeds with a small amount of organic matter, and the organic matter initially contained in the wastewater is effectively used in the activated sludge treatment. In addition, the nitrate nitrogen remaining after the anammox treatment is denitrified by the activated sludge treatment, and it becomes possible to eliminate the shortage of organic matter in the activated sludge treatment, so that the nitrogen removal rate of the wastewater is further improved. Moreover, since activated sludge can be used as an adsorbent, it does not require special equipment or chemicals, and can be easily implemented using conventional anammox treatment equipment and activated sludge treatment equipment.

  The above-described wastewater treatment method can be performed more efficiently by changing so as to omit the adsorption treatment and / or the anammox treatment according to the quality of the wastewater. Specifically, the organic matter amount and ammonia nitrogen concentration of the wastewater are measured, and based on this measurement value, it is determined whether the adsorption treatment and the anammox treatment can be omitted, and the optimum treatment procedure is selected. Since the anammox process is always used effectively, the operation efficiency is improved. Hereinafter, a wastewater treatment method for selecting a treatment procedure according to water quality will be described in detail.

  The amount of organic matter in wastewater is usually evaluated by COD (chemical oxygen demand), and when the appropriate range regarding COD and ammonia concentration in the treatment methods of A) and C) is investigated, the activated sludge treatment method of A) COD / N ratio [mg-COD / mg-N] (ratio of chemical oxygen demand [mg-O / L] to ammonia nitrogen concentration [mg-N / L] of wastewater) is 7.0 or more It was found that the reaction was easily applied to wastewater, and the reaction was likely to stop midway when it was less than 7.0 (Reference: Water Research 39 (2005), 3715-3726).

On the other hand, in the anammox treatment method of C) above, a reaction in which anammox bacteria generate nitrogen gas from ammonia and nitrous acid (NH ₄ ⁺ + 1.32NO ₂ ⁻ + 0.066HCO ₃ ⁻ + 0.13H ⁺ → 1.02N ₂ + 0.26NO) ^{_{3 -... + 0.066CH 2}} O 0.5 N 0.15 + 2.03H 2 O, Appl Microbiol Biotechnol (1998) 50, in the reference 589-596), from 1 mole of ammonia nitrogen 0.066 moles of Fungus organic matter CH ₂ O _0.5 N _0.15 is synthesized. Based on this chemical formula, the COD per mole of the cell organic matter is 2.5 × 16 = 40 g, and the COD of the cell organic matter synthesized from 1 mg of ammonia nitrogen is 0.066 × 40/14 = 0.19 [mg-COD / mg-N]. On the other hand, since the yield of general activated sludge that assimilate organic matter is about 0.6 [mg-COD / mg-COD], COD when the growth of anammox bacteria and other bacteria is balanced. When the / N ratio is a, 0.6a = 0.19, and a = 0.19 / 0.6≈0.3. Therefore, the anammox treatment method of C) is suitable for application to wastewater having a COD / N ratio of 0.3 [mg-COD / mg-N] or less. Increases the frequency of growth.

  Therefore, when the COD value and ammonia concentration of the wastewater are measured and the COD / N ratio is 7 or more or 0.3 or less, the wastewater treatment may be carried out according to the treatment method of A) or C), respectively. . On the other hand, for the range in which the COD / N ratio is more than 0.3 and less than 7, any treatment method cannot be applied as it is, but the organic matter is removed by adsorption by the adsorption treatment so that the COD / N ratio is 0.3. The anammox treatment method of C) can be suitably applied. One embodiment of this wastewater treatment method will be described with reference to FIG.

  First, as shown in the flow chart of FIG. 1, the COD value, which is an index of the ammonia nitrogen concentration and the amount of organic substances in wastewater, is measured. Based on the measured value, the ratio of COD per ammonia nitrogen: COD / N ratio [Mg-COD / mg-N] is determined (step S1). It is determined whether or not the COD / N ratio is 7.0 or more (step S2). If 7.0 or more, wastewater treatment (activated sludge treatment) using activated sludge is performed according to treatment method A) ( Step S3). When the COD / N ratio is less than 7.0, it is determined whether the COD / N ratio is 0.3 or less (step S4). If the COD / N ratio is 0.3 or less, the wastewater is treated with anammox bacteria according to the treatment method C). When the used wastewater treatment (anammox treatment) is performed (step S5) and the COD / N ratio exceeds 0.3, the following adsorption treatment (step S6) is performed and then the anammox treatment of C) is performed (step S5). ). In general wastewater quality, wastewater with a COD / N ratio of 0.3 to 7 can reduce the organic matter concentration so that it becomes 0.3 or less by one adsorption treatment. Includes a step of measuring again the ammonia nitrogen concentration and COD value of the wastewater after the adsorption treatment (step S6) (step S7) and a step of checking whether the COD / N ratio is 0.3 or less (step) S8) can be performed as necessary, and the necessity of repeating the adsorption process is determined based on the result.

  In addition, 7.0 and 0.3 which are the judgment reference values of the COD / N ratio in the steps S2, S4 and S8 may be desirably changed depending on the water quality condition and tendency of the waste water. For example, when the organic matter in the wastewater contains materials that are difficult to biodegrade, the judgment reference values for the COD / N ratio in steps S2, S4, and S8 are set to be larger than 7.0 and 0.3, respectively. . In the following description, it will be described that the standard values for judgment are 7.0 and 0.3.

  In the adsorption treatment of step S6, a material capable of physically or chemically adsorbing organic substances such as sludge and powdered activated carbon is brought into contact with the wastewater as an adsorbent, and the adsorbent is removed after adsorbing the organic substance from the wastewater. Specifically, if necessary, the waste water is agitated to uniformly disperse the adsorbent as necessary, and then the adsorbent is separated by settling separation by standing, centrifugation, etc., and solid-liquid separation or filtration of the supernatant is used. Remove the adsorbent from the wastewater. When sludge is used as the adsorbent, the activated sludge recovered after the activated sludge treatment in step S3 can be used, and the activated sludge after the adsorption treatment is denitrified by returning it to the activated sludge treatment. It can be used effectively for the activity and growth of bacteria, and nitrification and denitrification of a small amount of ammonia nitrogen contained in sludge is also possible. Even when a carbon material such as activated carbon is used as the adsorbent, it is possible to add carbon material adsorbing organic matter to the activated sludge and use it in combination to enhance the activated sludge adsorption function. Good. The amount of the adsorbent used in the adsorption treatment is appropriately set according to the adsorption capacity. When a carbon material is used, a ratio of about 0.01 to 1 g with respect to 1 g of the activated sludge dry mass is preferable. By the adsorption treatment, wastewater having a COD / N ratio of 0.3 or less is recovered from wastewater having a COD / N ratio of 0.3 to 7.0, and anammox treatment can be applied.

Wastewater having a COD / N ratio of 0.3 or less undergoes partial nitrification (nitritation) and denitrification by the anammox treatment in step S5. That is, ammonia oxidizing bacteria and anammox bacteria are introduced into wastewater, oxygen is supplied in the presence of bicarbonate, and ammonia nitrogen is converted to nitritation and conversion to nitrogen gas. In this process, the oxygen to the waste water is supplied, the reaction of ammonia oxidizing bacteria to convert ammonia to nitrite nitrogen (nitrite ^{_{reduction, 2NH 4 + + 3O 2 →}} 2NO 2 - + 4H + + 2H 2 O) and, de Reaction of nitromophilic anammox bacteria to generate nitrogen gas from ammonia and nitrous acid (NH ₄ ⁺ + 1.32NO ₂ ⁻ + 0.066HCO ₃ ⁻ + 0.13H ⁺ → 1.02N ₂ + 0.26NO ₃ ⁻ + 0.066CH ₂ O _0.5 N _0.15 +2.03 H ₂ O) proceeds, and the treatment is performed in one or two stages depending on the condition setting. Since anammox bacteria have a slow growth rate and are easily driven out when the growth of other bacteria becomes dominant, a contrivance to stabilize the activity of anammox bacteria is desirable for stable treatment. In order to stabilize anammox bacteria, 1) a method of preventing the destruction of anammox bacteria by suppressing the growth of nitrifying bacteria that nitrate nitrite nitrogen by reducing the pH of the wastewater to 7.2 or less, and 2) By adjusting the bacterial activity balance or oxygen supply so that the nitritation rate of ammonia nitrogen becomes rate-limiting, the increase of nitrite nitrogen is prevented, and anammox bacteria have a high concentration of nitrite nitrogen There is a method of avoiding poisoning and inactivation due to. In method 2), partial nitrification and conversion to nitrogen gas proceed simultaneously. Supply control of oxygen is important, and the accuracy of supply control is enhanced by supplying oxygen (air) while confirming the dissolved oxygen concentration of the wastewater under anaerobic conditions. Since the waste water after the anammox treatment does not substantially contain ammonia nitrogen and organic matter remains, the COD / N ratio exceeds 7.0, and the activated sludge treatment becomes possible. Further, nitrate nitrogen corresponding to about 10% of the initial ammonia nitrogen remains, but the nitrogen content can be sufficiently removed by applying activated sludge treatment together with organic matter.

  The activated sludge treatment in step S3 is a sludge treatment in which the activated sludge is brought into contact with the waste water to denitrify nitrate nitrogen and nitrify ammonia nitrogen in the waste water. A batch system may be used. In the activated sludge treatment, the denitrification process of oxidized nitrogen proceeds under anaerobic conditions, and the nitrification (nitrification) process of ammonia nitrogen proceeds under aerobic conditions. A large volume of wastewater is adjusted to an anaerobic condition by leaving the contact area with oxygen small by standing or the like, and adjusted to an aerobic condition by supplying oxygen to the wastewater by aeration or the like. In the denitrification process, nitric acid is converted to nitrogen gas by the denitrification bacteria and removed. In the nitrification process, organic substances are oxidized and decomposed by aeration, and ammonia is oxidized to nitric acid by the nitrification bacteria. In the nitrification process under aerobic conditions, the activated sludge also takes in phosphate phosphorus in the wastewater. If the wastewater contains ammonia, nitric acid corresponding to the initial ammonia concentration remains in the wastewater after these steps, but a part of the wastewater after the nitrification step is returned to the denitrification step for treatment. By being configured to be repeatedly applied, the residual nitric acid concentration of the wastewater discharged from the treatment system decreases. Thereby, in the normal activated sludge treatment, it is possible to reduce the residual nitric acid concentration to about 10% of the initial ammonia concentration. In the present invention, it is further reduced by using the activated sludge used for the adsorption treatment. It is also possible (details will be described later).

  The wastewater treatment in FIG. 1 can be performed by, for example, a wastewater treatment apparatus as shown in FIG. This wastewater treatment apparatus includes a batch-type adsorption treatment tank 10 and an anammox treatment tank 20, a continuous activated sludge treatment tank 30, and a final sedimentation tank 40, and is measured by a water quality measuring device (not shown). By switching the switching valve 11 according to the COD / N ratio determined from the ammonia nitrogen concentration and the COD value, waste water is supplied to any of the adsorption treatment tank 10, the anammox treatment tank 20, or the activated sludge treatment tank 30. The An arithmetic processing device that uses an electromagnetic valve or the like as the switching valve 11 and supplies a control signal based on the COD / N ratio using the measured value of the water quality measuring device may be provided so that the switching valve 11 is automatically switched. . The activated sludge treatment tank 30 is divided into an anaerobic tank 30a that performs denitrification treatment and an aerobic tank 30b for nitrification treatment that includes an aeration device 31 for supplying oxygen, and waste water is continuously fed at a constant rate. It is processed continuously by supplying it to the anaerobic tank 30a, but even if these tanks are used in a batch system, it is a single batch processing tank that performs both anaerobic processing and aerobic processing. Also good. The aerobic tank 30b is an aerobic condition, and the adsorption treatment tank 10, the anammox treatment tank 20, the anaerobic tank 30a, and the final sedimentation tank 40 are anaerobic conditions. A supply device 22 is provided to adjust the rate of oxidation of ammonia into nitrous acid by ammonia-oxidizing bacteria by adjusting the air supply rate, that is, the oxygen supply rate. In this embodiment, activated sludge is used as an adsorbent, and the activated sludge having adsorbed organic matter in the adsorption treatment tank 10 is supplied to the activated sludge treatment tank 30 and used as activated sludge that advances denitrification and nitrification. After that, it is separated from the waste water in the final sedimentation tank 40 and returned to the adsorption treatment tank 10 to be used again as an adsorbent.

  Waste water having a COD / N ratio exceeding 0.3 (less than 7.0) in the above-described step S4 is supplied to the adsorption treatment tank 10 and is an adsorbent using a stirring device 12 attached as necessary. The activated sludge A1 is dispersed, and the wastewater and activated sludge are sufficiently brought into contact with each other to adsorb organic matter in the wastewater onto the activated sludge A1. After that, the waste water is allowed to stand and the activated sludge A1 is settled and separated, and the waste water is supplied to the anammox treatment tank 20 through the pipe by the water supply means 13 such as a pump. The activated sludge A1 (including some ammonia) adsorbing organic substances is introduced into the anaerobic tank 30a of the activated sludge treatment tank 30 through a pipe by a supply means 14 such as a pump. The organic matter contained in the activated sludge A1 is used in a reaction in which denitrifying bacteria convert oxidized nitrogen (nitrous acid and nitric acid) into nitrogen gas in the anaerobic tank 30a.

  The wastewater supplied to the anammox treatment tank 20 is dispersed by the bacterial agent B containing ammonia bacteria and anammox bacteria using a stirrer 21 attached as necessary, and is supplied by oxygen supplied from the air supply device 22. Advance partial nitrification by ammonia bacteria. At this time, the anammox bacteria produce nitrogen gas from the produced nitrite nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen. By this treatment, about 90% of the ammonia in the wastewater is converted into nitrogen gas, and about 1/10 of the ammonia nitrogen concentration remains as nitrate nitrogen. The treated waste water is allowed to stand to settle and separate the bacterial agent B, and is fed to the anaerobic tank 30a of the activated sludge treatment tank 30 through a pipe by a water feeding means 23 such as a pump.

  The wastewater supplied to the activated sludge treatment tank 30 is brought into contact with the activated sludge A2 in the anaerobic tank 30a. During this time, denitrifying bacteria ingest organic matter and convert oxidized nitrogen (nitrate ions and nitrite ions) in the wastewater into nitrogen gas. Thereafter, the wastewater is sent to the aerobic tank 30b, the organic matter is oxidatively decomposed by oxygen supplied from the aeration apparatus 31, and the ammonia nitrogen is nitrified by nitrifying bacteria to be converted into nitrate nitrogen. The activated sludge treatment tank 30 further includes water supply means 32 such as a pump in order to return a part of the waste water after the treatment in the aerobic tank 30b to the anaerobic tank 30a through the pipe. Thereby, since the denitrification process in the anaerobic tank 30a is repeatedly performed to wastewater, the final nitric acid concentration of wastewater falls. Wastewater from the aerobic tank 30a is sent to the final sedimentation tank 40 through a pipe by a water supply means 33 such as a pump.

  The waste water supplied to the final sedimentation tank 40 is left still and discharged after the activated sludge A3 is settled and separated. The separated activated sludge A3 is put into the adsorption treatment tank 10 through a pipe by a supply means 41 such as a pump.

  In FIG. 1, the target of the activated sludge treatment in step S3 is waste water having a COD / N ratio of 7.0 or more, waste water that has undergone anammox treatment in step S5, and an adsorbent such as sludge used in the adsorption treatment in step S6. It is. Waste water that has undergone the anammox treatment is substantially free of ammonia nitrogen and contains organic matter and nitrate nitrogen corresponding to about 10% of the initial ammonia nitrogen. Therefore, when denitrification and nitrification are advanced according to the activated sludge treatment, nitric acid and organic substances are removed. On the other hand, the adsorbent separated from the wastewater having a COD / N ratio of 7.0 or more and the wastewater after the adsorption treatment is decomposed and removed by the activated sludge treatment, but the ammonia is converted into oxidized nitrogen. Remains. Considering these, the activated sludge treatment can be changed so that the wastewater is treated efficiently.

  For example, the waste water after the anammox treatment that does not substantially contain ammonia substantially completely removes nitrogen components and organic substances by the activated sludge treatment, so that it is not necessary to repeat the treatment by reflux. Therefore, the wastewater after the anammox treatment is substantially treated with nitric acid by treating activated sludge separately from the wastewater having a COD / N ratio of 7.0 or more in step S2 and the adsorbent subjected to the adsorption treatment in step S6. It can be discharged as wastewater that does not contain water.

  In addition, when the wastewater treatment apparatus of FIG. 2 is used as a treatment apparatus dedicated to low organic wastewater having a COD / N ratio of less than 7.0, the ammonia nitrogen treated in the activated sludge treatment tank 30 is sludge after adsorption treatment. Therefore, even if the reflux from the aerobic tank 30b to the anaerobic tank 30a is not performed, the residual nitric acid concentration in the final sedimentation tank 40 becomes considerably low. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the rate of reflux from the aerobic tank 30b to the anaerobic tank 30a or to omit the reflux, thereby improving the processing efficiency. Alternatively, the anaerobic tank 30a is arranged after the aerobic tank 30b so that the denitrification process is performed after the nitrification process, or an anaerobic tank (or both an anaerobic tank and an aerobic tank) is added after the aerobic tank 30b. And it is also possible to supply the waste water after an anammox process to a denitrification process as an organic matter source. In addition, when an activated sludge treatment apparatus dedicated to high organic wastewater with a COD / N ratio of 7.0 or more is installed, the activated sludge used in the adsorption treatment tank 10 is changed to high organic wastewater by changing the supply means 14 and 41 and the piping. In the treatment of low organic wastewater, the nitrogen component of wastewater can be substantially completely removed. Considering these, as one of the configurations capable of realizing a high removal rate for organic matter and nitrogen, the wastewater treatment device I of the configuration of FIG. 2 that supplies low organic wastewater and the activated sludge treatment device II that supplies high organic wastewater 2 is exchanged between the activated sludge used in the adsorption treatment tank 10 of FIG. 2 with the activated sludge treatment apparatus II, and the discharged water from the activated sludge treatment apparatus II is transferred from the anammox treatment tank 20 of FIG. Is configured to be supplied to the activated sludge treatment tank 30 together with the discharged water. In other words, after performing either anammox treatment or activated sludge treatment depending on the COD / N ratio of wastewater, the waste water from both treatments is collected and introduced into the second activated sludge treatment, whereby residual nitrate nitrogen is reduced. Removed.

  In the activated sludge used in the above-described adsorption treatment, the bacteria of the activated sludge oxidize the organic matter adsorbed in the aerobic tank after sufficiently ingesting the organic matter, and the bacteria grow and acclimatize by repeating this, Improve organic matter accumulation capacity of activated sludge. As a result, the organic matter can remain in the activated sludge even after the nitrification step, and the second denitrification step can be performed without supplying the organic matter when the denitrification step and the nitrification step are repeated. Therefore, when such an activated sludge having a high organic matter accumulation capacity is prepared, ammonia is obtained by providing a plurality of pairs of anaerobic tanks 30a and aerobic tanks 30b in the activated sludge treatment tank 30 of the wastewater treatment apparatus of FIG. Since the residual nitrate nitrogen is removed in the second anaerobic tank even in the wastewater containing the wastewater, it becomes possible to deal with wastewater having all COD / N ratios, and wastewater from which nitrogen has been sufficiently removed can be obtained. In addition, accumulation of a large amount of organic matter in the adsorption treatment also increases the activity of phosphorus-accumulating bacteria, which effectively incorporates the phosphorus component in the wastewater in the aerobic tank, which is also effective in improving the phosphorus removal rate of the wastewater. .

  FIG. 3 is a process diagram showing an example in which wastewater treatment equivalent to the wastewater treatment apparatus of FIG. 2 is continuously performed using a plurality of batch-type treatment tanks, and wastewater having a COD / N ratio of 0.3 to 7 Is processed. In this example, five treatment tanks a to e are used, the treatment tanks a and b are classified as adsorption treatment tanks, the treatment tank c is treated as an anammox treatment tank, and the treatment tanks d and e are classified as activated sludge treatment tanks. Therefore, means for supplying air (oxygen) is attached to the processing tanks c to e.

  In FIG. 3A, the treatment tank b is used for storing raw waste water, the treatment tank c is under anammox treatment, the treatment tank e is under denitrification treatment with activated sludge, and the treatment tank d is nitrified with activated sludge. Shows the steps. Thereafter, steps (b) to (l) are continued.

  In the step (b), a part of the waste water in the treatment tank d is transferred to an empty treatment tank a to settle and separate sludge (about 1 hour).

  In the step (c), the supernatant waste water of the processing tank a is discharged, and in the processing tank c, the anammox treatment is completed, and the bacterial agent is settled and separated (about 20 minutes). In the treatment tank e, waste water is aerated and nitrification is started.

  In the step (d), the supernatant waste water of the processing tank c is sent to the processing tank d, and the activated sludge of the processing tank a is added to the waste water of the processing tank b to start the adsorption process (about 30 minutes). The processing tank a which has become empty starts to store raw wastewater.

  In the step (e), the sludge in the processing tank b is allowed to settle (about 1 hour), the supernatant wastewater is transferred to the processing tank c, and the anammox treatment in the processing tank c is started.

  In the step (f), the activated sludge adsorbing the organic matter in the treatment tank b is transferred to the treatment tank d, and the treatment tank d starts denitrification treatment in an anaerobic state (about 20 minutes).

  In the step (g), the nitrification treatment of the treatment tank e is completed, and in the step (h), a part of the waste water in the treatment tank e is transferred to an empty treatment tank b to settle and separate sludge (about 1 hour).

  In step (i), the supernatant wastewater in the treatment tank b is discharged, and in the treatment tank c, the anammox treatment is completed, and the bacterial agent is settled and separated (about 20 minutes). In the treatment tank d, waste water is aerated and nitrification treatment is started.

  In the step (j), the supernatant wastewater of the processing tank c is sent to the processing tank e, and the activated sludge of the processing tank b is added to the waste water of the processing tank a to start the adsorption process (about 30 minutes). The processing tank b that has become empty starts to store raw wastewater.

  In the step (k), the sludge in the processing tank a is allowed to settle (about 1 hour), the supernatant wastewater is transferred to the processing tank c, and the anammox treatment in the processing tank c is started.

  In the step (l), the activated sludge adsorbing the organic matter in the treatment tank a is added to the treatment tank e, and the treatment tank e starts denitrification treatment in an anaerobic state (about 20 minutes). Thereafter, returning to the step (a), the steps (a) to (l) are repeated.

  In this way, wastewater having a COD / N ratio in the range of 0.3 to 7.0 that is not suitable for both caustic sludge treatment and anammox treatment can be suitably treated, and is appropriate based on the wastewater COD / N ratio. Wastewater treatment procedures are selected and wastewater treatment with a high removal rate of nitrogen components and organic substances is performed.

  As described above, the activity of anammox bacteria is affected by the dissolved oxygen concentration and nitrous acid concentration in the system, resulting in decreased activity or poisoning. The treatment proceeds under conditions such that the concentration is 20 mg-N / L or less, preferably 5 mg-N / L or less, and the dissolved oxygen concentration is 1 mg-O / L or less, preferably 0.5 mg-O / L or less. is important. For this purpose, the nitrite nitrogen produced by the ammonia-oxidizing bacteria is all consumed by the anammox bacteria by controlling the conditions so that the treatment rate of the ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (nitrite-nitrogen production rate) is rate-limiting. To. This includes: a) controlling oxygen supply to wastewater (ie, ammonia-oxidizing bacteria), and b) the ability of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria in the system (the ability to produce nitrite nitrogen) to be the capacity of anammox bacteria. (Nitrite uptake capacity) The two factors of adjusting the bacterial balance to be below are factors, and whether the rate of nitrite nitrogen production is rate-limiting or not is determined by measuring the dissolved oxygen concentration of wastewater It can be judged by whether or not the concentration increases. When the oxygen supply rate is low, the nitrite nitrogen production rate is rate-limiting regardless of the bacterial balance, but in the bacterial balance where the processing capacity of ammonia oxidizing bacteria in the system exceeds the processing capacity of anammox bacteria, oxygen supply If nitrite nitrogen exceeds the processing capacity of anammox bacteria due to the increase in nitrite, the nitrite nitrogen concentration immediately rises and poisons. If the capacity of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria is less than the capacity of anammox bacteria, an excess supply of oxygen is detected by increasing the dissolved oxygen concentration of wastewater before nitrite nitrogen exceeding the capacity of anammox bacteria is generated. Is possible. Considering the safety regarding poisoning, it is preferable that the treatment capacity [mol-N / h] of the anammox bacteria is 1.5 times or more than the nitrite nitrogen production capacity [mol-N / h] of the ammonia oxidizing bacteria. In the case of a bacterial balance in which the treatment capacity of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria exceeds the treatment capacity of anammox bacteria, it is desirable that the oxygen supply rate be 0.5 equivalent or less with respect to the treatment capacity of anammox bacteria. By doing so, inactivation of the anammox bacteria can be avoided, so that a preparation step for curing the bacteria and the like is not required, and the processing efficiency is improved. In addition, the growth and activity of anammox bacteria can be stably continued. Since the reaction of partial nitrification and denitrification in the anammox treatment requires bicarbonate ions, a bicarbonate such as sodium bicarbonate is usually added. The base constituting the bicarbonate is not particularly limited as long as it does not inhibit the growth and proliferation of bacteria such as heavy metals. It is preferable to add an amount of 0.1 to 2 moles of bicarbonate per mole of ammonia, depending on the ammonia concentration of the wastewater. However, carbon dioxide in the air can be used, and bicarbonate is not necessarily used when the pH of the wastewater is high. Ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and anammox bacteria may be prepared by culturing bacteria in advance or commercially available. Culture of each bacterium can be appropriately performed by a known technique according to a conventional method, and can be obtained by a known method from sludge of an existing water treatment plant that decomposes ammonia. Ammonia-oxidizing bacteria can be isolated with reference to, for example, the literature of B. Sorriano and M. Walker (J. Applied Bacteriology, 31, 493-497 (1968)). The sludge deposited with the registration number 94987 (December 12, 1987) by the Centraal Bureau voor Schimmelcultures in Baarn, the Netherlands can be used. The amount and activity of each cultured bacterium are examined as follows, and the treatment ability of each bacterium can be understood from these.

(Ammonia-oxidizing bacteria)
Bacterial mass: Wagner M., Rath G., Amann R., Koops H.-P. and Schleifer K.-H., "In situ identification of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria", Syst. Appl. Microbiol. 18 (1995 ), p251-264.
Activity: Grunditz C. and Dalhammar G., "Development of nitrification inhibition assays using pure cultures of nitrosomonas and nitrobacter", Water Research, Vol.35 (2001), Issue 2, p433-440.
(Anamox bacteria)
Cell weight: Schmid M. et al., "Candidatus" Scalindual brodae ", sp. Nov., Candidatus" Scalindua Wagneri ", sp. Nov., Two New Species of Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidizing Bacteria", Syst. Appl. Microbiol. , 26 (2003), No. 4, p529-538.
Activity: Sliekers A. et al., "Completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite in one single reactor", Water Research, Vol. 36 (2002), Issue 10, p2475-2482.
Hereinafter, the treatment of wastewater according to the present invention will be specifically described with reference to Examples.

  Except for changing the activated sludge tank 30 to a batch-type single tank, the following wastewater treatment was performed using a wastewater treatment apparatus having the same configuration as in FIG. In addition, the measuring device which measures the dissolved oxygen concentration of wastewater is attached to the anammox processing tank.

(Example 1)
Raw wastewater (COD / N ratio = COD value = 1800 mg-COD / L, ammonia concentration 650 mg-N / L, nitric acid / nitrite concentration 0 mg-N / L, and adsorption treatment tank 10 containing 2 L of activated sludge (water content) 2.8) 8 L was added and stirred to disperse the activated sludge. Then, the activated sludge was settled and separated, and the ammonia concentration and COD value of the supernatant wastewater were measured. The ammonia concentration was 620 mg-N / L, COD value 150 mg-COD / L, COD / N ratio was 0.24. 8 L of this supernatant waste water was converted into 2 L of bacterial agent containing ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and anammox bacteria (treatment capacity of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria: 12 g-N / (L · d) in terms of ammonia consumption rate, treatment capacity of anammox bacteria: in terms of ammonia consumption rate) The anammox treatment tank 20 containing 18 g-N / (L · d)) was charged. The activated sludge at the bottom was put into an activated sludge treatment tank.

When 500 g of sodium bicarbonate was added to the waste water of the anammox treatment tank 20 and stirred to disperse the bacteria, and the dissolved oxygen concentration measuring device was started to measure the dissolved oxygen concentration, 0.1 mg-O ₂ / L It was constant. The pH value of the waste liquid was 7.5. Thereafter, the aeration apparatus was operated to adjust the air blowing rate so that the oxygen supply rate was 0.2 g-O ₂ / (L · d), and aeration of the wastewater was started. The dissolved oxygen concentration slightly increased with the start of aeration, but since then it was almost constant, aeration was continued. 15 hours after the start of aeration, the dissolved oxygen concentration began to rise, so the supply of oxygen was stopped and the wastewater was allowed to stand. After the bacterial sludge settled at the bottom of the tank, the quality of the supernatant wastewater was measured. The ammonia concentration was 0.1 mg-N / L, the nitric acid concentration was 73 mg-N / L, and the nitrite concentration was 0 mg-N / L. L. The COD value was 20 mg-COD / L, and the COD / N ratio was 0.27. The pH value was 7.0. The supernatant waste water 8L was discharged into an activated sludge treatment tank containing activated sludge (containing water) 42L. The wastewater quality of the activated sludge treatment tank was ammonia concentration: 26 mg-N / L, nitric acid concentration: 18 mg-N / L, and nitrous acid concentration: 0 mg-N / L. The COD value was 53 mg-COD / L, and the pH value was 6.8.

  The waste water in the activated sludge treatment tank was anaerobic, and denitrification was performed for 6 hours with gentle stirring. Thereafter, the aeration apparatus is operated to perform a nitrification treatment under an aerobic condition for 5 hours, and 8 L of waste water (20% by volume of the total amount) is discharged from the activated sludge treatment tank to the final sedimentation tank 40 to separate and separate the activated sludge. . When the water quality of the supernatant was measured, the ammonia concentration was 5.3 mg-N / L, the nitric acid concentration was 15 mg-N / L, and the nitrous acid concentration was 0.1 mg-N / L. The COD value was 5 mg-COD / L, and the pH value was 6.8.

(Example 2)
In Example 1, 2 L of activated sludge remaining in the final sedimentation tank 40 is introduced into the adsorption treatment tank 10, and 8 L of new raw waste water is introduced, and adsorption treatment is performed in the same manner as in Example 1 to settle and separate activated sludge. did. 8 L of the supernatant waste water was transferred to an anammox treatment tank containing a bacterial agent and subjected to an anammox treatment under the same treatment conditions as described above to separate and separate the bacterial agent. When the water quality of the supernatant wastewater was measured, the ammonia concentration was 0.3 mg-N / L, the nitric acid concentration was 69 mg-N / L, and the nitrous acid concentration was 0 mg-N / L. The COD value was 17 mg-COD / L, and the COD / N ratio was 0.25. The pH value was 6.9. The supernatant waste water 8L was discharged into an activated sludge treatment tank containing activated sludge (water content) 40L together with the activated sludge 2L remaining in the adsorption treatment tank.

  The waste water in the activated sludge treatment tank was anaerobic, and denitrification was performed for 2 hours with gentle stirring. Thereafter, the aeration apparatus is operated to perform a nitrification treatment under an aerobic condition for 5 hours, 8 L of waste water (20% by volume of the total amount) is discharged from the activated sludge treatment tank to the final sedimentation tank 40, and the activated sludge is settled and separated. . When the water quality of the supernatant was measured, the ammonia concentration was 4.9 mg-N / L, the nitric acid concentration was 12 mg-N / L, and the nitrous acid concentration was 0 mg-N / L. The COD value was 4 mg-COD / L, and the pH value was 6.6.

  As a result of repeating the same operation 10 times using the activated sludge of the final sedimentation tank 40 and new raw wastewater, the water quality of the wastewater obtained in the final sedimentation tank 40 is ammonia concentration: 0 mg-N / L, nitric acid concentration : 14 mg-N / L, nitrite concentration: 0 mg-N / L, COD value: 10 mg-COD / L, pH value: 6.6.

(Comparative Example 1)
When the raw wastewater was put into the anammox treatment tank 20 without performing the treatment in the adsorption treatment tank 10 and the wastewater treatment was performed five times under the same conditions as in Example 1, the water quality of the supernatant wastewater liquid of the anammox treatment tank 20 was The ammonia concentration was 0 mg-N / L, the nitric acid concentration was 5 mg-N / L, and the nitrous acid concentration was 240 mg-N / L. The COD value was 520 mg-COD / L (COD / N ratio: 2.1), and the pH value was 6.1. This indicates that nitrifying bacteria and denitrifying bacteria have grown to destroy the anammox bacteria.

(Comparative Example 2)
When the raw wastewater was directly introduced into the activated sludge treatment tank and the wastewater was treated under the same conditions as in Example 1, the quality of the supernatant wastewater obtained in the final sedimentation tank 40 was ammonia concentration: 103 mg-N / L Nitric acid concentration: 320 mg-N / L, nitrous acid concentration: 0 mg-N / L. The COD value was 12 mg-COD / L (COD / N ratio: 0.03), and the pH value was 6.0. This indicates that the vaginal bacteria did not act sufficiently due to lack of organic matter.

(Example 3)
Except for adding 0.5 kg of activated carbon to the activated sludge in the adsorption treatment tank 10, the same operation as in Example 1 was performed to treat the wastewater. As a result, the wastewater after the adsorption treatment had an ammonia concentration of 515 mg-N / L, a COD value of 20 mg-COD / L, and the COD / N ratio was 0.04. The ammonia concentration of the waste water after the anammox treatment was 0.2 mg-N / L, the nitric acid concentration was 55 mg-N / L, and the nitrous acid concentration was 0.2 mg-N / L. The COD value was 24 mg-COD / L, and the COD / N ratio was 0.4. The pH value was 7.2. The wastewater after the activated sludge treatment was ammonia concentration: 0 mg-N / L, nitric acid concentration: 12 mg-N / L, and nitrous acid concentration: 0 mg-N / L. The COD value was 9 mg-COD / L, and the pH value was 6.7. The wastewater was again subjected to anaerobic conditions, and denitrification was performed for 2 hours with gentle stirring. As a result, the nitric acid concentration was 3 mg-N / L. This indicates that a part of the organic matter adsorbed in the adsorption treatment remained after the nitrification treatment, and the activity of denitrifying bacteria was possible.

It is a flowchart which shows the wastewater treatment method which concerns on this invention. It is a schematic block diagram which shows one Example of the waste water treatment apparatus which concerns on this invention. It is process drawing which shows one Example of the waste water treatment method which concerns on this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Adsorption processing tank, 20 Anammox processing tank, 30 Activated sludge processing tank 40 Final sedimentation tank, ae processing tank

Claims (15)

  An adsorbent capable of adsorbing organic matter is allowed to act on the wastewater to adsorb the organic matter contained in the wastewater to the adsorbent, and the adsorbent is removed from the wastewater after the adsorption treatment to remove ammonia oxidizing bacteria and anammox bacteria. A wastewater treatment method comprising performing an anammox treatment, removing ammonia oxidizing bacteria and anammox bacteria from the wastewater after the anammox treatment, and performing an activated sludge treatment together with the adsorbent after the adsorption treatment.   The COD / N ratio [mg-COD / mg-N], which is the ratio of chemical oxygen demand to the ammonia nitrogen concentration of wastewater, is determined, and activated sludge treatment is applied to wastewater with a COD / N ratio of 7.0 or higher. In addition, wastewater with a COD / N ratio of 0.3 or less is subjected to anammox treatment using ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and anammox bacteria, and wastewater with a COD / N ratio of more than 0.3 and less than 7.0 is treated with organic matter. A wastewater treatment method, wherein the anammox treatment is performed after an adsorption treatment in which an adsorbable adsorbent is applied.   The wastewater treatment method according to claim 2, wherein activated sludge treatment is performed on the wastewater after the anammox treatment.   The COD / N ratio [mg-COD / mg-N], which is the ratio of the chemical oxygen demand to the ammonia nitrogen concentration of the wastewater, is determined. The wastewater having a COD / N ratio of 0.3 or less contains ammonia oxidizing bacteria and An anammox treatment using anammox bacteria is performed, and the waste water having a COD / N ratio of more than 0.3 and less than 7.0 is subjected to an adsorption treatment in which an adsorbent capable of adsorbing an organic substance is applied and then subjected to the anammox treatment. A wastewater treatment method, wherein activated sludge treatment is performed on the wastewater after the anammox treatment.   The waste water treatment method according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the adsorbent contains activated sludge, and activated sludge that has adsorbed the organic matter after the adsorption treatment is introduced into the activated sludge treatment.   The wastewater treatment method according to claim 5, wherein the activated sludge recovered from the wastewater after the activated sludge treatment is used as an adsorbent in the adsorption treatment.   The activated sludge treatment includes a first denitrification treatment step under anaerobic conditions, a first nitrification treatment step under aerobic conditions, and a second denitrification treatment performed after the first nitrification treatment step. The waste water treatment method according to claim 6, further comprising a second nitrification treatment step performed after the second denitrification treatment.   The waste water treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the adsorbent contains activated carbon.   The oxygen is supplied at a controlled rate in the anammox treatment so that the rate at which the ammonia-oxidizing bacteria produce nitrite nitrogen from ammonia nitrogen using oxygen is controlled. The wastewater treatment method in any one of -8. An adsorption treatment tank for containing an adsorbent capable of adsorbing organic matter in wastewater;
An anammox treatment tank for containing ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and anammox bacteria for partial nitrification and denitrification of ammonia nitrogen in waste water;
An activated sludge treatment tank for containing activated sludge for nitrifying and denitrifying ammonia nitrogen in wastewater;
Water supply means for supplying wastewater from the adsorption treatment tank to the anammox treatment tank;
Water supply means for supplying wastewater from the anammox treatment tank to the activated sludge treatment tank;
A wastewater treatment apparatus comprising: a supply means for supplying the adsorbent from the adsorption treatment tank to the activated sludge treatment tank. An adsorption treatment tank for containing an adsorbent capable of adsorbing organic matter in wastewater;
An anammox treatment tank for containing ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and anammox bacteria for partial nitrification and denitrification of ammonia nitrogen in waste water;
An activated sludge treatment tank for containing activated sludge for nitrifying and denitrifying ammonia nitrogen in wastewater;
According to the COD / N ratio [mg-COD / mg-N], which is the ratio of chemical oxygen demand to ammonia nitrogen concentration in the wastewater, wastewater with a COD / N ratio of 7.0 or higher is said to be active. Supplied to the sludge treatment tank, wastewater with a COD / N ratio of 0.3 or less is supplied to the Anammox treatment tank, and wastewater with a COD / N ratio of more than 0.3 and less than 7.0 is supplied to the adsorption treatment tank Switching means for switching to
A wastewater treatment apparatus comprising: a water supply means for supplying wastewater from the adsorption treatment tank to the anammox treatment tank.   The wastewater treatment apparatus according to claim 11, further comprising water supply means for supplying wastewater from the anammox treatment tank to the activated sludge treatment tank. An adsorption treatment tank for containing an adsorbent capable of adsorbing organic matter in wastewater;
An anammox treatment tank for containing ammonia-oxidizing bacteria and anammox bacteria for partial nitrification and denitrification of ammonia nitrogen in waste water;
An activated sludge treatment tank for containing activated sludge for nitrifying and denitrifying ammonia nitrogen in wastewater;
According to the COD / N ratio [mg-COD / mg-N], which is the ratio of the chemical oxygen demand to the ammonia nitrogen concentration of the wastewater, the wastewater is supplied as wastewater having a COD / N ratio of 0.3 or less. Switching means for switching to supply wastewater having a COD / N ratio of more than 0.3 and less than 7.0 to the treatment tank;
Water supply means for supplying wastewater from the adsorption treatment tank to the anammox treatment tank;
A wastewater treatment apparatus comprising water supply means for supplying wastewater from the anammox treatment tank to the activated sludge treatment tank. The adsorbent contains activated sludge, and
Supply means for supplying the activated sludge of the adsorption treatment tank to the activated sludge treatment tank;
The wastewater treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 11 to 13, further comprising supply means for supplying the activated sludge recovered from the activated sludge treatment tank to the adsorption treatment tank.   The activated sludge treatment tank includes a first denitrification treatment tank that places the wastewater under anaerobic conditions, a first nitrification treatment tank that places the wastewater under aerobic conditions, and the first nitrification treatment tank. 15. The method according to claim 14, further comprising: a second denitrification treatment tank that accommodates the supplied wastewater; and a second nitrification treatment tank that accommodates the wastewater supplied from the second denitrification process. Waste water treatment equipment.

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