JP2008114710A - Device for reducing frictional resistance of hull - Google Patents

Device for reducing frictional resistance of hull Download PDF

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JP2008114710A
JP2008114710A JP2006299555A JP2006299555A JP2008114710A JP 2008114710 A JP2008114710 A JP 2008114710A JP 2006299555 A JP2006299555 A JP 2006299555A JP 2006299555 A JP2006299555 A JP 2006299555A JP 2008114710 A JP2008114710 A JP 2008114710A
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hull
ship
bubble
pressure gas
gas supply
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JP4953294B2 (en
JP2008114710A5 (en
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Hidemiki Kawashima
英幹 川島
Masahiko Makino
雅彦 牧野
Munehiko Hinatsu
宗彦 日夏
Yoshiaki Kodama
良明 児玉
Hisanobu Kawashima
久宣 川島
Toshifumi Hori
利文 堀
Masashi Onawa
将史 大縄
Motoyuki Sakota
我行 迫田
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National Maritime Research Institute
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T70/00—Maritime or waterways transport
    • Y02T70/10—Measures concerning design or construction of watercraft hulls

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a device capable of sufficiently reducing the friction resistance of a hull during the navigation while rationally feeding a high-pressure gas for generating bubbles by providing a bubble generation unit for allowing a large number of bubbles to flow along a lower side of a ship bottom during the navigation on a forward bottom part, and preventing deviation of the bubbles from the ship bottom surface to the sides thereof during the rolling of the hull. <P>SOLUTION: In a forward part, a gas chamber 2 formed inboard the ship bottom is divided into a plurality of divisions 2a in the width direction of the ship bottom. A bubble jet port is formed in a hull shell plating part 1a corresponding to each division 2a to jet bubbles of the high-pressure gas to be fed from an air compressor 8. The feed of the high-pressure gas to each division 2a is controlled based on information from a rolling sensor for unifying the distribution of the bubbles along the ship bottom shell plating, and a pair of right and left bubble holding plates 15 are protruded from a lower side of the ship bottom in order to prevent sidewise leakage of the bubbles during the rolling of the hull. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、航行中の船体の船底部外面に沿う水の摩擦抵抗を低減させるための装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a device for reducing the frictional resistance of water along the outer surface of the bottom of a hull during navigation.

航行中の船舶では、一般に船底部の没水表面に水の摩擦抵抗を受けており、特に大型船の場合には船体抵抗の大部分が船底部における外水の相対流により生じる摩擦抵抗で占められている。
そこで、航行時に船底面を気泡流で覆うことにより船体摩擦抵抗の低減を図る技術が、古くから提案されている。そして、上記気泡流が船底面から側方へ拡散するのを抑制できるように、船底面に沿い船長方向へ延在する複数の拡散抑制板を設けたものも開発されている。
特許第３６９２３９８号公報 特開２００２−６８０７３号公報 特開２０００−２９６７９７号公報 In navigating vessels, the submerged surface of the bottom of the ship generally receives frictional resistance of water, and in the case of large ships in particular, most of the hull resistance is occupied by the frictional resistance generated by the relative flow of outside water at the bottom of the ship. It has been.
Therefore, a technique for reducing the hull frictional resistance by covering the bottom of the ship with a bubble flow during navigation has been proposed for a long time. And what provided the some diffusion suppression board extended in the ship length direction along the ship bottom so that the said bubble flow can suppress spreading | diffusion from the ship bottom to the side is also developed.
Japanese Patent No. 3692398 JP 2002-68073 A JP 2000-296797 A

一般に、船舶は航行中に風や波浪により船体の動揺を生じやすく、このため摩擦抵抗低減用の気泡で常時船底面を一様に包むことは困難とされ、特に船側に近い船底面では、船体の横揺れに伴い傾斜して上昇した際に、気泡が船体から離れてしまうという不具合がある。
また、船底部の全面にわたって気泡噴出口を設けることは、大幅なコスト上昇を招くことになる。
そこで、本発明は、航行時に船底下面に沿い多数の気泡を流すための気泡発生部を船首船底部に備えるとともに、上記気泡が船体の横揺れの際に船底面から側方へ逸脱するのを防止できるように配慮して、気泡発生用の高圧気体の供給の合理化を図りながら、航走時における船体の摩擦抵抗の低減を十分に行えるようにした装置を提供することを課題とする。 In general, a ship is likely to be shaken by wind and waves during navigation, so it is difficult to always wrap the bottom of the ship uniformly with bubbles for reducing frictional resistance. There is a problem that the bubbles are separated from the hull when they are tilted and lifted along with the rolling motion.
In addition, providing the bubble ejection port over the entire surface of the ship bottom causes a significant cost increase.
Therefore, the present invention is provided with a bubble generating part at the bow bottom for flowing a large number of bubbles along the bottom surface of the ship bottom during navigation, and the bubbles deviate from the ship bottom to the side when the hull rolls. It is an object of the present invention to provide an apparatus capable of sufficiently reducing the frictional resistance of the hull while sailing while rationalizing the supply of high-pressure gas for generating bubbles in consideration of prevention.

本発明の船体摩擦抵抗低減装置は、航行時に船底下面に沿い多数の気泡を流すための気泡発生部が船首船底部に設けられるとともに、同気泡発生部から発生した気泡の船体側方への逸脱を防止するための左右一対の気泡保持板が、船底両側部に沿い、それぞれ船首部から船尾部へ向けて船底下面に突設されており、航行中に上記気泡発生部から噴出し船底部の外面に沿って流れる気泡の分布の均一化を図るべく、上記気泡発生部が、船体の横揺れセンサで検出される船体横傾斜角に基づいて船体の横傾斜により喫水の浅くなる側への気泡噴出を喫水の深くなる側への気泡噴出よりも噴出量を減少させるための高圧気体供給制御系を備えていることを特徴としている。   The hull frictional resistance reduction device of the present invention is provided with a bubble generating part for flowing a large number of bubbles along the bottom surface of the bottom of the ship at the time of navigation, and the deviation of the bubbles generated from the bubble generating part to the side of the hull is provided. A pair of left and right air bubble retaining plates are provided on both sides of the bottom of the ship and project from the bottom of the bottom of the ship toward the stern of the ship. In order to make the distribution of bubbles flowing along the outer surface uniform, the bubble generating section is configured to generate bubbles toward the side where the draft becomes shallower due to the horizontal inclination of the hull based on the horizontal inclination angle of the hull. A high-pressure gas supply control system for reducing the amount of jetting is smaller than the jetting of bubbles toward the deeper side of the draft.

また、本発明の船体摩擦抵抗低減装置は、上記気泡発生部が、船首部において船底部の幅方向にわたり複数の分室に分割され同分室の底壁に多数の気泡噴出口を備えるようにして設けられた気体室と、上記複数の分室へ高圧気体供給源からそれぞれバルブを介して通じる高圧気体供給管とを備えて構成され、上記高圧気体供給制御系が、上記横揺れセンサで検出される船体横傾斜角に基づいて上記バルブの開度を制御するように構成されていることを特徴としている。   Further, the hull frictional resistance reduction device of the present invention is provided such that the bubble generating portion is divided into a plurality of compartments in the bow portion across the width direction of the bottom of the vessel, and a plurality of bubble outlets are provided on the bottom wall of the same compartment. And a high-pressure gas supply pipe that leads from the high-pressure gas supply source to each of the plurality of compartments via a valve, and the high-pressure gas supply control system is detected by the roll sensor. The opening degree of the valve is controlled based on the lateral inclination angle.

さらに、本発明の船体摩擦抵抗低減装置は、上記高圧気体供給制御系が、上記船体の横傾斜の際に、喫水の最も浅くなる側の上記分室への高圧気体供給を停止すべく、同分室に対応する上記バルブを閉じるように設定されていることを特徴としている。   Further, in the hull frictional resistance reduction device of the present invention, the high-pressure gas supply control system is configured to stop the high-pressure gas supply to the branch chamber on the side where the draft is shallowest when the hull is tilted sideways. It is characterized by setting so that the said valve | bulb corresponding to may be closed.

また、本発明の船体摩擦抵抗低減装置は、航行中における上記船体の対水速度に応じて上記気泡噴出口からの気泡噴出量を制御すべく、上記高圧気体供給制御系が船速計で検出された船速に基づき上記分室へ供給される高圧気体供給量を上記バルブの開度により調整できるように設定されていることを特徴としている。   Further, the hull frictional resistance reduction device of the present invention is configured such that the high-pressure gas supply control system detects with a ship anemometer in order to control the amount of bubble ejection from the bubble ejection port according to the water speed of the hull during navigation. The high-pressure gas supply amount supplied to the compartment based on the ship speed is set so as to be adjusted by the opening of the valve.

さらに、本発明の船体摩擦抵抗低減装置は、航行中における上記船体の対水速度に応じて上記気泡噴出口からの気泡噴出量を制御すべく、船速計で検出された船速に基づき上記分室へ供給される高圧気体供給量を上記高圧気体供給管に接続された高圧気体発生源の制御により調整するための制御系が設けられたことを特徴としている。   Furthermore, the hull frictional resistance reduction device of the present invention is based on the ship speed detected by the ship speedometer to control the amount of bubble ejection from the bubble ejection port according to the water velocity of the hull during navigation. A control system is provided for adjusting the amount of high-pressure gas supplied to the compartment by controlling a high-pressure gas generation source connected to the high-pressure gas supply pipe.

また、本発明の船体摩擦抵抗低減装置は、上記左右一対の気泡保持板の相互間における船底下面に、船首部から船尾部へ向けて延在する中間気泡保持板が突設されていることを特徴としている。   Further, in the hull frictional resistance reduction device of the present invention, an intermediate bubble holding plate extending from the bow portion toward the stern portion is provided on the bottom surface of the ship bottom between the pair of left and right bubble holding plates. It is a feature.

本発明の船体摩擦抵抗低減装置では、航行時に船底下面に沿い多数の気泡を流すための気泡発生部が船首船底部に設けられるとともに、同気泡発生部から発生した気泡の船体側方への逸脱を防止するための左右一対の気泡保持板が、船底両側部に沿い、それぞれ船首部から船尾部へ向けて船底下面に突設されるので、航行中の船体の船底部外面は、船首部における上記気泡発生部から噴出される微細な気泡によって適切に覆われるようになる。   In the hull frictional resistance reduction device of the present invention, a bubble generating part for flowing a large number of bubbles along the bottom surface of the ship bottom during navigation is provided at the bow bottom, and the bubbles generated from the bubble generating part deviate to the side of the hull. A pair of left and right air bubble retaining plates are provided along the sides of the bottom of the ship and project from the bottom of the bottom of the ship toward the stern of the ship. It comes to be appropriately covered with fine bubbles ejected from the bubble generating part.

そして、上記気泡発生部が、船体の横揺れセンサで検出される船体横傾斜角に基づいて船体の横傾斜により喫水の浅くなる側への気泡噴出を喫水の深くなる側への気泡噴出よりも噴出量を減少させるための高圧気体供給制御系を備えているので、波浪中の航行に際して船体が大きく横揺れする際にも、上記気泡発生部から噴出し船底部外面に沿って流れる気泡の分布の均一化がもたらされるようになる。   Then, the bubble generating unit causes the bubble jetting to the side where the draft becomes shallow due to the horizontal tilting of the hull based on the hull lateral tilt angle detected by the hull roll sensor than the bubble jet to the side where the draft becomes deeper. Since it has a high-pressure gas supply control system to reduce the amount of jets, even when the hull sways greatly during navigation in the waves, the distribution of the bubbles flowing along the outer surface of the jet bottom from the bubble generating part Uniformity is brought about.

また、上記気泡発生部が、船首部において船底部の幅方向にわたり複数の分室に分割され同分室の底壁に多数の気泡噴出口を備えるようにして設けられた気体室と、上記複数の分室へ高圧気体供給源からそれぞれバルブを介して通じる高圧気体供給管とを備えて構成され、上記高圧気体供給制御系が、上記横揺れセンサで検出される船体横傾斜角に基づいて、上記船体の横傾斜により喫水の浅くなる側の上記分室への高圧気体供給量を喫水の深くなる側の上記分室への気体供給量よりも減少させるように、上記バルブの開度制御を行うことにより、船底部を覆うための気泡の配分が無駄なく適切に行われるようになる。   In addition, the bubble generating section is divided into a plurality of compartments in the bow portion across the width of the bottom of the ship, and is provided with a plurality of bubble outlets on the bottom wall of the same compartment, and the plurality of compartments A high-pressure gas supply pipe that communicates with each of the high-pressure gas supply source from the high-pressure gas supply source, and the high-pressure gas supply control system is configured based on the hull lateral inclination angle detected by the roll sensor. By controlling the opening of the valve so as to reduce the amount of high-pressure gas supplied to the compartment on the side where the draft becomes shallower due to the lateral inclination than the amount of gas supplied to the compartment on the side where the draft becomes deep, Distribution of the bubbles for covering the bottom portion is appropriately performed without waste.

さらに、上記高圧気体供給制御系が、上記船体の横傾斜の際に、喫水の最も浅くなる側の上記分室への高圧気体供給を停止すべく、同分室に対応する上記バルブを閉じるように設定されていると、航行中の船舶の旋回時などに船体が大きく横傾斜した際にも、船底部外面への気泡の配分が無駄なく適切に行われるようになる。   Further, the high-pressure gas supply control system is set to close the valve corresponding to the same compartment in order to stop the supply of the high-pressure gas to the compartment on the side where the draft is shallowest when the hull is laterally inclined. In this case, even when the hull is largely tilted when turning a marine vessel that is being navigated, the bubbles are appropriately distributed to the outer surface of the bottom of the vessel without waste.

また、船舶の対水速度が小さい場合は船体の外水による摩擦抵抗も小さくなるので、航行中における船体の対水速度に応じて上記気泡噴出口からの気泡噴出量を制御できるように、上記高圧気体供給制御系が船速計で検出された船速に基づき上記分室へ供給される高圧気体供給量を上記バルブの開度により調整できるように設定されていると、船速の低い場合は気泡の噴出を抑制できるようにして高圧気体供給量の節減を図ることができる。   Also, when the water velocity of the ship is small, the frictional resistance due to the outside water of the hull is also reduced, so that the amount of bubble ejection from the bubble outlet can be controlled according to the water velocity of the hull during navigation. If the high-pressure gas supply control system is set so that the amount of high-pressure gas supplied to the compartment can be adjusted by the opening of the valve based on the ship speed detected by the ship speedometer, It is possible to reduce the amount of high-pressure gas supply by suppressing the ejection of bubbles.

さらに、航行中における船体の対水速度に応じて上記気泡噴出口からの気泡噴出量を制御できるように、船速計で検出された船速に基づき、上記分室へ供給される高圧気体供給量を上記高圧気体供給管に接続されたコンプレッサの制御により調整するためのコンプレッサ制御系が設けられている場合も、船速の低いときに気泡の噴出を抑制して、高圧気体供給量の節減を図ることができる。   Further, the amount of high-pressure gas supplied to the compartment based on the ship speed detected by the ship speedometer so that the amount of bubble jet from the bubble outlet can be controlled according to the water velocity of the hull during navigation. Even when a compressor control system for adjusting the pressure by controlling the compressor connected to the high-pressure gas supply pipe is provided, it is possible to suppress the ejection of bubbles when the ship speed is low, thereby reducing the amount of high-pressure gas supply. Can be planned.

また、上記左右一対の気泡保持板の相互間における船底下面に、船首部から船尾部へ向けて延在する中間気泡保持板が突設されていると、船底下面に沿う気泡群の保持が一層適切に行われるようになって、航行時における船体摩擦抵抗の低減に寄与できるようになる。   Further, when an intermediate bubble holding plate extending from the bow portion toward the stern portion is projected on the bottom surface of the ship bottom between the pair of right and left bubble holding plates, the bubble group along the bottom surface of the ship bottom is further retained. It will be carried out appropriately and will contribute to the reduction of the hull frictional resistance during navigation.

図１は本発明の一実施例としての船体摩擦抵抗低減装置を備えた船舶の側面図、図２は図１のＡ−Ａ矢視線における船体底面図、図３は図１のＢ−Ｂ線に沿う拡大断面図、図４は図３の一部についての説明図、図５は上記装置の制御系を示す系統図である。   FIG. 1 is a side view of a ship provided with a hull frictional resistance reducing device as one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a hull bottom view taken along the line AA in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a BB line in FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of a part of FIG. 3, and FIG. 5 is a system diagram showing a control system of the apparatus.

図１，２に示すように、大型船として構成された船舶の船底部１において、図２，３に示すごとく船首部の底部の船内で船幅方向に形成された気体室２が設けられている。   As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a gas chamber 2 formed in the ship width direction is provided in the bottom of the bow as shown in FIGS. Yes.

気体室２は船底部１の幅方向にわたって隔壁２ｂにより３個の分室２ａに分割されており、図４に示すように各分室２ａに対応する船底外板部分１ａには、多数の気泡噴出口１ｂが形成されていて、このようにして気体室２は気泡発生部としての機能を具備している。なお、この船底外板部分１ａには、分室２ａに連通するように船底外板に形成された凹部を覆う多孔質板を採用するようにしてもよい。特に、多数のステンレス金網を重ね合わせて焼結した多孔質板としてのステンレス焼結金網を船底外板部分１ａに装着すると、十分な強度および耐久性を確保することができる。   The gas chamber 2 is divided into three compartments 2a by a partition wall 2b over the width direction of the ship bottom portion 1, and as shown in FIG. 4, a large number of bubble outlets are provided in the ship bottom skin portion 1a corresponding to each compartment 2a. 1b is formed, and thus the gas chamber 2 has a function as a bubble generating part. In addition, you may make it employ | adopt the porous board which covers the recessed part formed in this ship bottom outer plate so that it may communicate with the compartment 2a for this ship bottom outer plate part 1a. In particular, when a stainless sintered wire mesh as a porous plate obtained by laminating and sintering a large number of stainless steel wire meshes is mounted on the ship bottom outer plate portion 1a, sufficient strength and durability can be ensured.

また、図３〜５に示すように、各分室２ａへ通じる高圧気体供給管３が船内に配設され、各高圧気体供給管３には、図５に示すように、空気流量制御部Ｄ（図３参照）を構成するためのバルブ５および流量計６が介装されていて、その本管３Ａは元栓７を介し１.５〜５気圧程度の高圧気体の発生源としてのエア・コンプレッサ（またはエア・ブロワ）８に接続されている。なお、図３に示すように、エア・コンプレッサ８と元栓７との間には高圧空気室８ａを介在させるようにしてもよい。   Moreover, as shown in FIGS. 3-5, the high-pressure gas supply pipe | tube 3 which leads to each compartment 2a is arrange | positioned in a ship, and as shown in FIG. A valve 5 and a flow meter 6 for constructing the air compressor (see FIG. 3) are provided, and the main pipe 3A is an air compressor (as a source of high-pressure gas of about 1.5 to 5 atm via a main plug 7). Or air blower 8). As shown in FIG. 3, a high-pressure air chamber 8 a may be interposed between the air compressor 8 and the main plug 7.

そして、図４に示すように、航行中に各分室２ａの気泡噴出口１ｂから噴出し船底部１の外面に沿って流れる気泡ｂの分布の均一化を図るため、図５に示すごとく、船体の横揺れセンサ９と、同横揺れセンサ９で検出される船体横傾斜角に基づいて分室２ａへの高圧気体供給量を制御する高圧気体供給制御系10とが設けられている。   Then, as shown in FIG. 4, in order to uniformize the distribution of the bubbles b that flow from the bubble outlets 1b of the respective compartments 2a and travel along the outer surface of the ship bottom 1 during navigation, as shown in FIG. And a high-pressure gas supply control system 10 for controlling the amount of high-pressure gas supplied to the compartment 2 a based on the hull lateral inclination angle detected by the roll sensor 9.

すなわち、高圧気体供給制御系10は、横揺れセンサ９からの検出情報に基づき、船体の横傾斜の際に、喫水の浅くなる側の分室２ａへの高圧気体供給量を、喫水の深くなる側の分室２ａへの高圧気体供給量よりも減少させるべく、バルブ５の開度を制御できるように構成されている。   That is, the high-pressure gas supply control system 10 determines the amount of high-pressure gas supplied to the compartment 2a on the side where the draft becomes shallower when the hull is tilted based on the detection information from the roll sensor 9 on the side where the draft becomes deeper. The opening degree of the valve 5 can be controlled so as to reduce the amount of the high-pressure gas supplied to the compartment 2a.

また、高圧気体供給制御系10は、横揺れセンサ９からの検出情報に基づき、船体の横傾斜の際に、喫水の最も浅くなる側の分室２ａへの高圧気体供給を停止すべく、同分室２ａに対応するバルブ５を閉じるように設定されている。   Further, the high-pressure gas supply control system 10 is based on the detection information from the roll sensor 9 so as to stop the high-pressure gas supply to the compartment 2a on the side where the draft is the shallowest when the hull is inclined. The valve 5 corresponding to 2a is set to be closed.

さらに、航行中における船体の対水速度に応じて気泡噴出口１ｂからの気泡噴出量を制御できるように、高圧気体供給制御系10が船速計11で検出された船速に基づき分室２ａへ供給される高圧気体供給量をバルブ５の開度によって調節できるように設定されている。   Further, the high-pressure gas supply control system 10 moves to the compartment 2a based on the ship speed detected by the ship speedometer 11 so that the amount of bubble injection from the bubble outlet 1b can be controlled according to the water velocity of the hull during navigation. The high-pressure gas supply amount to be supplied is set so as to be adjusted by the opening degree of the valve 5.

また、航行中における船体の対水速度に応じて、気泡噴出口１ｂからの気泡噴出量を制御できるように、船速計11で検出された船速に基づき分室２ａへ供給される高圧気体供給量を高圧気体発生源としてのエア・コンプレッサ８の制御により調節するための制御系として、エア・コンプレッサ制御系12も設けられている。   In addition, the high-pressure gas supply supplied to the compartment 2a based on the ship speed detected by the ship speedometer 11 so that the amount of air bubbles ejected from the air bubble outlet 1b can be controlled according to the water speed of the hull during navigation. An air compressor control system 12 is also provided as a control system for adjusting the amount by controlling the air compressor 8 as a high-pressure gas generation source.

本実施例では、特に航行時において船首船底部の気泡発生部としての気体室２から船底下面に沿い後方へ流れる気泡が、船体側方へ逸脱するのを防止できるように、図１〜３に示すごとく、左右一対の気泡保持板15，15が、船底両側部に沿い、それぞれ船首部から船尾部へ向けて船底下面に突設されている。
なお、気泡保持板15は、図３に対応させて図６に示す変形例のように、各分室２ａの相互の隔壁２ｂの位置においても、船首部から船尾部へ向けて船底下面に突設することができる。 In this embodiment, in order to prevent the bubbles flowing backward from the gas chamber 2 as the bubble generating part of the bow bottom at the time of sailing along the bottom surface of the ship bottom from deviating to the side of the hull, FIGS. As shown, a pair of left and right bubble holding plates 15, 15 are provided on the bottom surface of the bottom of the ship from the bow part toward the stern part along both sides of the ship bottom.
The bubble holding plate 15 projects from the bottom of the ship bottom toward the stern part from the bow part to the stern part even at the positions of the mutual partition walls 2b of the respective compartments 2a as in the modification shown in FIG. 6 corresponding to FIG. can do.

また、図７（船底下面図）に示す変形例のように、船首部における気泡発生部としての気体室２の後方の船底部に、２段目の気泡発生部を構成するための第２気体室２Ａを設けるようにしてもよい。   Further, as in the modification shown in FIG. 7 (bottom bottom view), the second gas for forming the second-stage bubble generating part on the bottom of the ship behind the gas chamber 2 as the bubble generating part in the bow. The chamber 2A may be provided.

そして、この場合も、航行中に各気体室２，２Ａから船底下面へ添わせるように生じる気泡の船体側方への逸脱を防止するため、左右一対の気泡保持板15，15が船底両側部に沿い、それぞれ船首部から船尾部まで船底下面に突設される。   In this case as well, a pair of left and right bubble holding plates 15 and 15 are provided on both sides of the bottom of the ship in order to prevent deviation of the air bubbles generated so as to follow from the gas chambers 2 and 2A to the bottom of the bottom of the ship during navigation. And projecting on the bottom bottom of the ship from the bow to the stern.

また、図８（船底下面図）に示す変形例のように、船首船底部において、左右に対をなすようにして後方へ傾斜する一対の気泡発生用気体室２，２を設け、船底両側部に沿う左右一対の気泡保持板15，15の中間に中央気泡保持板15ａを設けるようにしてもよい。   Further, as in the modification shown in FIG. 8 (bottom bottom view), a pair of bubble generating gas chambers 2 and 2 are provided at the bow bottom so as to incline backward to form a pair on the left and right sides. A central bubble holding plate 15a may be provided between the pair of left and right bubble holding plates 15 and 15 along the line.

さらに、図９（船底下面図）に示す変形例では、船首船底部において、先頭の気泡発生用気体室２のやや後方で左右に気泡発生用側方気体室２Ｂ，２Ｂが設けられ、船底両側部における気泡保持板15，15の相互間に一対の中間気泡保持板15ｂ，15ｂが設けられる。   Further, in the modified example shown in FIG. 9 (bottom bottom view), the bubble generating side gas chambers 2B and 2B are provided on the bow bottom at the back of the bow slightly behind the leading bubble generating gas chamber 2 on the left and right sides. A pair of intermediate bubble holding plates 15b, 15b are provided between the bubble holding plates 15, 15 in the section.

また、図１０に示す変形例は、図３に示すものと比べて、気泡発生用気体室２の内部が分室に分割されていない場合を示しているが、このような構成でも、船底両側部における気泡保持板15，15の相互間に適宜の数の中間気泡保持板15ｃを船長方向に設けることによって十分な気泡保持効果を得ることができる。   Further, the modification shown in FIG. 10 shows a case where the inside of the bubble generating gas chamber 2 is not divided into compartments as compared with that shown in FIG. By providing an appropriate number of intermediate bubble holding plates 15c between the bubble holding plates 15 and 15 in the ship length direction, a sufficient bubble holding effect can be obtained.

さらに、図３に対応させて図１１に示す変形例では、船首船底部における気泡発生用気体室２が多数の分室２ａに分割されて、各分室２ａごとに空気流量制御部Ｄを備えることにより、各分室２ａから船底下面への気泡発生が精密に制御されるように構成されている。   Further, in the modification shown in FIG. 11 corresponding to FIG. 3, the bubble generating gas chamber 2 at the bow bottom is divided into a number of compartments 2a, and an air flow rate control unit D is provided for each compartment 2a. The bubble generation from the respective compartments 2a to the bottom surface of the ship bottom is precisely controlled.

また、図１２に示す変形例は、気泡発生用の気体室２が、船底下面１よりも下方へ突出して、同気体室２の下面または後側から気泡の発生を効率よく行えるようにした場合を示しているが、この場合も船底両側部には気泡保持板15が設けられる。   Further, in the modification shown in FIG. 12, the gas chamber 2 for generating bubbles protrudes below the bottom surface 1 of the ship bottom so that bubbles can be efficiently generated from the lower surface or the rear side of the gas chamber 2. In this case as well, bubble holding plates 15 are provided on both sides of the ship bottom.

上述の実施例および各変形例の船体摩擦抵抗低減装置では、航行時に船底下面に沿い多数の気泡ｂを流すための気泡発生部が船首船底部に設けられるとともに、同気泡発生部から発生した気泡の船体側方への逸脱を防止するための左右一対の気泡保持板15が、船底両側部に沿い、それぞれ船首部から船尾部へ向けて船底下面に突設されるので、航行中の船体の船底部外面は、船首部における上記気泡発生部から噴出される微細な気泡ｂによって適切に覆われるようになる。   In the hull frictional resistance reduction device of the above-described embodiment and each modified example, the bubble generating part for flowing a large number of bubbles b along the bottom surface of the ship bottom during navigation is provided on the bow bottom and the bubbles generated from the bubble generating part A pair of left and right air bubble retaining plates 15 for preventing the deviation of the ship to the side of the hull are projected on the bottom of the bottom of the ship from the bow to the stern along the sides of the bottom of the ship. The outer surface of the ship bottom is appropriately covered with the fine bubbles b ejected from the bubble generating part at the bow.

そして、上記気泡発生部が、船体の横揺れセンサ９で検出される船体横傾斜角に基づいて船体の横傾斜により喫水の浅くなる側への気泡噴出を喫水の深くなる側への気泡噴出よりも噴出量を減少させるための高圧気体供給制御系10を備えているので、波浪中の航行に際して船体が大きく横揺れする際にも、上記気泡発生部から噴出し船底部外面に沿って流れる気泡ｂの分布の均一化がもたらされるようになる。   Then, the bubble generating section performs the bubble ejection to the side where the draft becomes shallow due to the lateral inclination of the hull based on the hull lateral inclination angle detected by the hull roll sensor 9 from the bubble ejection to the side where the draft becomes deeper. Is equipped with a high-pressure gas supply control system 10 for reducing the amount of jets, so that the bubbles that flow along the outer surface of the jet bottom from the above-mentioned bubble generating part even when the hull largely rolls during navigation in waves The distribution of b is made uniform.

また、上記気泡発生部が、船首部において船底部の幅方向にわたり複数の分室２ａに分割され同分室２ａの底壁としての船底外板部分１ａに多数の気泡噴出口１ｂを備えるようにして設けられた気体室２と、複数の分室２ａへ高圧気体供給源からそれぞれバルブ５を介して通じる高圧気体供給管３とを備えて構成され、高圧気体供給制御系10が、横揺れセンサ９で検出される船体横傾斜角に基づいて、船体の横傾斜により喫水の浅くなる側の分室２ａへの高圧気体供給量を喫水の深くなる側の分室２ａへの気体供給量よりも減少させるように、バルブ５の開度制御を行うことにより、船底部を覆うための気泡ｂの配分が無駄なく適切に行われるようになる。   In addition, the bubble generating part is divided into a plurality of compartments 2a across the width of the bottom of the ship at the bow and is provided with a plurality of bubble outlets 1b in the ship bottom skin portion 1a as the bottom wall of the compartment 2a. The high-pressure gas supply control system 10 is detected by the rolling sensor 9. The high-pressure gas supply control system 10 is connected to the plurality of compartments 2 a through a valve 5. Based on the hull lateral inclination angle, the high-pressure gas supply amount to the compartment 2a on the side where the draft becomes shallow due to the horizontal inclination of the hull is made smaller than the gas supply amount to the compartment 2a on the side where the draft becomes deep, By controlling the opening of the valve 5, the distribution of the bubbles b for covering the bottom of the ship is appropriately performed without waste.

さらに、高圧気体供給制御系10が、船体の横傾斜の際に、喫水の最も浅くなる側の分室２ａへの高圧気体供給を停止すべく、同分室２ａに対応するバルブ５を閉じるように設定されているので、航行中の船舶の旋回時などに船体が大きく横傾斜した際にも、船底部外面への気泡の配分が無駄なく適切に行われるようになる。   Further, the high pressure gas supply control system 10 is set to close the valve 5 corresponding to the branch chamber 2a in order to stop the supply of the high pressure gas to the branch chamber 2a on the side where the draft becomes the shallowest when the hull is inclined sideways. As a result, even when the hull is largely inclined during turning of the marine vessel that is being navigated, air bubbles are appropriately distributed to the outer surface of the bottom of the vessel without waste.

また、船舶の対水速度が小さい場合は船体の外水による摩擦抵抗も小さくなるので、航行中における船体の対水速度に応じて気泡噴出口１ｂからの気泡噴出量を制御できるように、高圧気体供給制御系10が船速計11で検出された船速に基づき分室２ａへ供給される高圧気体供給量をバルブ５の開度により調整できるように設定されていると、船速の低い場合は気泡の噴出を抑制できるようにして高圧気体供給量の節減を図ることができる。   In addition, when the water speed of the ship is low, the frictional resistance due to the outside water of the hull is also reduced, so that the amount of bubble ejection from the bubble outlet 1b can be controlled according to the water speed of the hull during navigation. If the gas supply control system 10 is set so that the amount of high-pressure gas supplied to the compartment 2a can be adjusted by the opening of the valve 5 based on the ship speed detected by the ship speedometer 11, the ship speed is low. Can reduce the amount of high-pressure gas supply by suppressing the ejection of bubbles.

さらに、航行中における船体の対水速度に応じて気泡噴出口１ｂからの気泡噴出量を制御できるように、船速計11で検出された船速に基づき、分室２ａへ供給される高圧気体供給量を高圧気体供給管３に接続されたエア・コンプレッサ８の制御により調整するためのコンプレッサ制御系12が設けられている場合も、船速の低いときに気泡の噴出を抑制して、高圧気体供給量の節減を図ることができる。   Further, a high-pressure gas supply supplied to the compartment 2a based on the ship speed detected by the ship speedometer 11 so that the amount of bubble injection from the bubble outlet 1b can be controlled according to the water velocity of the hull during navigation. Even when the compressor control system 12 for adjusting the amount by controlling the air compressor 8 connected to the high-pressure gas supply pipe 3 is provided, the high-pressure gas is suppressed by suppressing the ejection of bubbles when the ship speed is low. The amount of supply can be saved.

また、左右一対の気泡保持板15の相互間における船底下面に、船首部から船尾部へ向けて延在する中間気泡保持板15，15ａ，15ｂ，15ｃが突設されていると、船底下面に沿う気泡群の保持が一層適切に行われるようになって、航行時における船体摩擦抵抗の低減に寄与できるようになる。   Further, when intermediate bubble holding plates 15, 15a, 15b, 15c extending from the bow portion toward the stern portion are provided on the bottom surface of the ship bottom between the pair of left and right bubble holding plates 15, It is possible to more appropriately hold the air bubble group along, and contribute to the reduction of the hull frictional resistance during navigation.

本発明の一実施例としての船体摩擦抵抗低減装置を備えた船舶の側面図である。It is a side view of the ship provided with the hull frictional resistance reduction apparatus as one Example of this invention. 図１のＡ−Ａ矢視線における船体底面図である。It is a ship bottom view in the AA arrow line of FIG. 図２のＢ−Ｂ矢視線に沿う拡大断面図である。It is an expanded sectional view which follows the BB arrow line of FIG. 図３の一部についての説明図である。It is explanatory drawing about a part of FIG. 上記装置の制御系を示す系統図である。It is a systematic diagram which shows the control system of the said apparatus. 図３に対応させて本発明の装置の変形例を示す船体横断面図である。FIG. 4 is a transverse cross-sectional view of a hull showing a modification of the device of the present invention corresponding to FIG. 3. 図２に対応させて本発明の装置の他の変形例を示す船体底面図である。It is a hull bottom view which shows the other modification of the apparatus of this invention corresponding to FIG. 図２に対応させて本発明の装置の他の変形例を示す船体底面図である。It is a hull bottom view which shows the other modification of the apparatus of this invention corresponding to FIG. 図２に対応させて本発明の装置の他の変形例を示す船体底面図である。It is a hull bottom view which shows the other modification of the apparatus of this invention corresponding to FIG. 図３に対応させて本発明の装置の他の変形例を示す船体横断面図である。It is a hull cross-sectional view showing another modification of the device of the present invention corresponding to FIG. 図３に対応させて本発明の装置の他の変形例を示す船体横断面図である。It is a hull cross-sectional view showing another modification of the device of the present invention corresponding to FIG. 図１に対応させて本発明の装置の変形例を示す船体要部の縦断面図である。It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the main part of the hull which shows the modification of the apparatus of this invention corresponding to FIG.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 船底部
１ａ 船底外板部分
１ｂ 気泡噴出口
２ 気体室
２ａ 分室
２Ａ 第２気体室
２Ｂ 気泡発生用側方気体室
２ｂ 隔壁
３ 高圧気体供給管
３Ａ 本管
５ バルブ
６ 流量計
７ 元栓
８ エア・コンプレッサ
８ａ 高圧空気室
９ 横揺れセンサ
10 高圧気体供給制御系
11 船速計
12 エア・コンプレッサ制御系
15 気泡保持板
15ａ 中央気泡保持板
15ｂ，15ｃ 中間気泡保持板
ｂ 気泡
Ｄ 空気流量制御部 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Ship bottom part 1a Ship bottom skin part 1b Bubble jet 2 Gas chamber 2a Branch 2A 2nd gas chamber 2B Bubble side gas chamber 2b Bulkhead 3 High pressure gas supply pipe 3A Main pipe 5 Valve 6 Flow meter 7 Main plug 8 Air Compressor 8a High-pressure air chamber 9 Roll sensor
10 High-pressure gas supply control system
11 Ship speedometer
12 Air compressor control system
15 Bubble holding plate
15a Central bubble holding plate
15b, 15c Intermediate bubble holding plate b Bubble D Air flow control unit

Claims (6)

航行時に船底下面に沿い多数の気泡を流すための気泡発生部が船首船底部に設けられるとともに、同気泡発生部から発生した気泡の船体側方への逸脱を防止するための左右一対の気泡保持板が、船底両側部に沿い、それぞれ船首部から船尾部へ向けて船底下面に突設されており、航行中に上記気泡発生部から噴出し船底部の外面に沿って流れる気泡の分布の均一化を図るべく、上記気泡発生部が、船体の横揺れセンサで検出される船体横傾斜角に基づいて船体の横傾斜により喫水の浅くなる側への気泡噴出を喫水の深くなる側への気泡噴出よりも噴出量を減少させるための高圧気体供給制御系を備えていることを特徴とする、船体摩擦抵抗低減装置。   A pair of left and right air bubbles to prevent the air bubbles generated from the air bubble generating part from deviating to the side of the hull are provided along with the air bubble generating part on the bottom of the bow. A plate is projected on the bottom of the bottom of the ship along the sides of the bottom of the ship from the bow to the stern, and the distribution of the bubbles flowing along the outer surface of the bottom of the ship is ejected from the bubble generation section during navigation. In order to reduce the amount of air bubbles, the bubble generating section causes the bubbles to be blown to the side where the draft becomes deeper due to the lateral inclination of the hull based on the hull lateral inclination angle detected by the hull roll sensor. A hull frictional resistance reduction device comprising a high-pressure gas supply control system for reducing the amount of ejection rather than ejection. 上記気泡発生部が、船首部において船底部の幅方向にわたり複数の分室に分割され同分室の底壁に多数の気泡噴出口を備えるようにして設けられた気体室と、上記複数の分室へ高圧気体供給源からそれぞれバルブを介して通じる高圧気体供給管とを備えて構成され、上記高圧気体供給制御系が、上記横揺れセンサで検出される船体横傾斜角に基づいて上記バルブの開度を制御するように構成されていることを特徴とする、請求項１に記載の船体摩擦抵抗低減装置。   The bubble generating section is divided into a plurality of compartments across the width of the bottom of the ship at the bow and is provided with a plurality of bubble outlets on the bottom wall of the same compartment, and a high pressure to the plurality of compartments A high-pressure gas supply pipe that communicates from the gas supply source through the valve, and the high-pressure gas supply control system controls the opening of the valve based on the hull lateral inclination angle detected by the roll sensor. The hull frictional resistance reduction device according to claim 1, wherein the device is configured to control. 上記高圧気体供給制御系が、上記船体の横傾斜の際に、喫水の最も浅くなる側の上記分室への高圧気体供給を停止すべく、同分室に対応する上記バルブを閉じるように設定されていることを特徴とする、請求項２に記載の船体摩擦抵抗低減装置。   The high-pressure gas supply control system is set to close the valve corresponding to the same compartment in order to stop the high-pressure gas supply to the compartment on the side where the draft is shallowest when the hull is inclined sideways. The hull frictional resistance reduction device according to claim 2, wherein 航行中における上記船体の対水速度に応じて上記気泡噴出口からの気泡噴出量を制御すべく、上記高圧気体供給制御系が船速計で検出された船速に基づき上記分室へ供給される高圧気体供給量を上記バルブの開度により調整できるように設定されていることを特徴とする、請求項２または３に記載の船体摩擦抵抗低減装置。   The high-pressure gas supply control system is supplied to the compartment based on the ship speed detected by the ship speedometer in order to control the amount of bubble injection from the bubble outlet according to the water speed of the hull during navigation. The hull frictional resistance reduction device according to claim 2 or 3, wherein a high-pressure gas supply amount is set so as to be adjusted by an opening degree of the valve. 航行中における上記船体の対水速度に応じて上記気泡噴出口からの気泡噴出量を制御すべく、船速計で検出された船速に基づき上記分室へ供給される高圧気体供給量を上記高圧気体供給管に接続された高圧気体発生源の制御により調整するための制御系が設けられたことを特徴とする、請求項２〜４のいずれか１つに記載の船体摩擦抵抗低減装置。   In order to control the amount of bubble ejection from the bubble ejection port according to the water velocity of the hull during navigation, the amount of high-pressure gas supplied to the compartment is determined based on the ship speed detected by a ship speedometer. The hull frictional resistance reduction device according to any one of claims 2 to 4, further comprising a control system for adjusting by controlling a high-pressure gas generation source connected to the gas supply pipe. 上記左右一対の気泡保持板の相互間における船底下面に、船首部から船尾部へ向けて延在する中間気泡保持板が突設されていることを特徴とする、請求項１〜５のいずれか１つに記載の船体摩擦抵抗低減装置。   6. The intermediate bubble holding plate extending from the bow portion toward the stern portion is projected on the bottom surface of the ship bottom between the pair of right and left bubble holding plates. 6. The hull frictional resistance reduction device as described in one.
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