JP2008061257A - 移動局位置情報を利用してパイロット信号サーチ時間を短縮する方法及び装置 - Google Patents
移動局位置情報を利用してパイロット信号サーチ時間を短縮する方法及び装置 Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/69—Spread spectrum techniques
- H04B1/707—Spread spectrum techniques using direct sequence modulation
- H04B1/7073—Synchronisation aspects
- H04B1/7085—Synchronisation aspects using a code tracking loop, e.g. a delay-locked loop
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- H04W48/00—Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
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- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/69—Spread spectrum techniques
- H04B1/707—Spread spectrum techniques using direct sequence modulation
- H04B1/7073—Synchronisation aspects
- H04B1/7075—Synchronisation aspects with code phase acquisition
- H04B1/70754—Setting of search window, i.e. range of code offsets to be searched
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- H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
- H04B1/69—Spread spectrum techniques
- H04B1/707—Spread spectrum techniques using direct sequence modulation
- H04B1/7097—Interference-related aspects
- H04B1/711—Interference-related aspects the interference being multi-path interference
- H04B1/7115—Constructive combining of multi-path signals, i.e. RAKE receivers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04B2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of transmission systems not covered by a single group of H04B3/00 - H04B13/00
- H04B2201/69—Orthogonal indexing scheme relating to spread spectrum techniques in general
- H04B2201/707—Orthogonal indexing scheme relating to spread spectrum techniques in general relating to direct sequence modulation
- H04B2201/70701—Orthogonal indexing scheme relating to spread spectrum techniques in general relating to direct sequence modulation featuring pilot assisted reception
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04B2201/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of transmission systems not covered by a single group of H04B3/00 - H04B13/00
- H04B2201/69—Orthogonal indexing scheme relating to spread spectrum techniques in general
- H04B2201/707—Orthogonal indexing scheme relating to spread spectrum techniques in general relating to direct sequence modulation
- H04B2201/70702—Intercell-related aspects
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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Abstract
【解決手段】モバイルの位置がネットワーク内で決定される。そしてこの位置は決められたパイロット信号セットにおいて識別される全てのパイロット信号をサーチするのに用いられるサーチウインドウサイズと他のサーチパラメータを決定するのに使用される。サーチウインドウサイズはまたモバイルの位置と発信されたパイロット信号へのマルチパス効果に関する別の構成要素に基づいて決定される。
【選択図】図3
Description
符号分割多元接続(CDMA)無線システムで使用されるモバイルは、トラフィックチャネルのコントロール下にあるとき、3つのタイプのハンドオフ手順を支持する。多重接続通信システムにおけるCDMA技術の使用は1990年2月13日発行、「衛星や地上リピータを使用したスペクトル拡散多元接続通信システム」と題する、本発明の譲受人に譲渡され、ここに参照により組み入れられた米国特許第4,901,307号で開示されている。3つのタイプのハンドオフは、
1.ソフトハンドオフ−モバイルが旧基地局との通信を中断することなく新基地局との通信を開始するハンドオフ。ソフトハンドオフは同一の周波数が付与されたCDMAチャネルの間でのみ使用され得る。
2.CDMA to CDMAハードハンドオフ−基地局のばらばらのセット、異なる帯域クラス、異なる周波数割当、或いは異なるフレームオフセット間でモバイルが遷移されるハンドオフ。
3.CDMA to Analogハンドオフ−cdma順方向トラフィックチャネルからアナログ音声チャネルへモバイルが向けられるハンドオフ。
・候補周波数隣接セット(Candidate Frequency Neighbor Set):CDMA候補周波数上のパイロットのリスト。
現在のシステムでは、基地局はサーチウインドウ(Search Window)、即ちPNオフセットの範囲をセットし、その範囲内でモバイルは使用可能マルチパスコンポーネントをサーチすることになる。これらのマルチパスコンポーネントは結合する順方向リンクトラフィックチャネルの検波のためにモバイルによって使用される。サーチ動作基準と一般的な無線システム基準は、電気通信工業会により発行されたTIA/EIA−95xとTIA/EIA−98−B規格と、米国規格協会により発行されたANSI J−STD−018とで規定され、それら全てがここに参照により組み入れられる。これらのサーチは一般に次のものにより規定される:
・アクティブセットと候補セット:アクティブ及び候補セットにおけるパイロットのサーチ手順は同一である。アクティブ及び候補セットにおける各パイロットのサーチウインドウサイズは、SRCH_WIN_Aに対応するテーブル1で規定されるPNチップの数である。例えば、SRCH_WIN_As=6は28PNチップサーチウインドウ又はサーチウインドウセンタ±14PNチップに対応する。モバイルはパイロットの最も早く到着する使用可能マルチパスコンポーネントの中央にアクティブ及びキャンディデートセットの各パイロットに対するサーチウインドウを置く。
各電話製造者はサーチ戦略を実行する独自の方法を持っている。全ての戦略において、特定パイロットをサーチする時間は、ウインドウサイズとサーチャのハードウエアに依存する。あるハードウエアが与えられると、パイロットのサーチ時間はサーチウインドウサイズに線形に比例する。サーチウインドウサイズの縮小はサーチ時間の実質的な短縮になる。現在のサーチ手順を用いれば、ウインドウサイズは与えられたセルがカバーする地域のサイズによってほとんど決定される。セルは、モバイルと通信する基地局がカバーする地理的な地域である。4つのそのようなセルが図1に示されている。供しているセル内のモバイルの場所にかかわらず、現在のサーチウインドウは最悪の場合のシナリオに対応したサイズになる。即ち、それらは、セル内ながら基地局から最大距離に位置したモバイルに対応したサイズになる。
モバイル用自動位置検出能力を提供するために多くの技法が考えられている。一の技法は多くのセルサイトからの信号の到着時間差の測定を含む。これらの信号は位置情報を検出するため「三角法」で測量される。典型的なCDMAシステムは各モバイルに最も近いセルサイトに届くに十分なだけの信号電力を送信するよう要求するので、この技法は有効になるセルサイトの高集中及び/或いはサイトの送信電力の増加を要求する。この三角法測量は、セルサイトの集中が増大することまたは各モバイル局の信号電力が増大されなければならないことを要求しつつ、少なくとも3つのサイトとの通信を要求する。別のアプローチは、GPS(Global Positioning System)機能のモバイルへの追加を含む。このアプローチは4つの衛星への見通し線を要求し、モバイルの位置を突き止めるには多少遅いが、最も正確なアプローチである。
図2から図5はこの発明の種々方法と装置の例を示す。説明を容易にするために、しかしながらどんな限定も意図せずに、これらの例はデジタル信号処理装置の関係で記載されている。上記を参照して機械可読指示のシークエンスを実行するのに使用されるデジタル信号処理装置は種々ハードウエアコンポーネントと相互連結具現化されてもよい。これらのデジタル信号処理装置の種々アレンジは関係する方法の以下記載を読めば当業者に明らかになる。
前述の特許や刊行物は取得のために使用されるパイロット信号を全て記載する。パイロット信号の使用により、モバイルはタイムリーな方法で局地(local)基地局を捕捉できる。モバイルはパイロットチャネルで搬送される受信パイロット信号から擬似ランダムノイズ(PN)コードフェイズオフセットを含む同期情報と、関係する信号電力情報を得る。いったんパイロットチャネルを捕捉すれば、モバイルはパイロットチャネルに結合する同期チャネル(sync channel)もまた捕捉できる。
s(t)=Ae−ωt+Φ.
基地局を獲得するために、モバイルは基地局からの受信信号に対して位相Φと周波数ωの両方で同期しなければならない。サーチャが受信信号の位相Φを見つける。拡散信号の位相Φを見つけた後、位相と周波数両方追跡のためのハードウエアを持つ復調素子を使用して周波数が見つけられる。モバイルが受信信号の位相を見つける方法は、位相仮説のセットを試すことにより上記サーチウインドウの観点から論じられ、また仮定的な位相仮説、オフセット仮説と呼ばれる、の一つが正しいかどうかを決定する。「ウインドウ」サーチを用いるサーチャ動作の例は、1998年9月8日に出願された「CDMA通信システムにおけるサーチ捕捉を実行する方法及び装置」と題する、本発明の譲受人に譲渡され、また参照によりここに組み込まれている同時継続の米国特許第5,805,648号において与えられる。
様々な装置実施例が特定のモバイル位置システムに関してそしてハードウエア具体例をサポートして以下に述べられている。しかしながら、当業者は様々な位置システムを使用できると認識するであろう。
上述の通りこの方法は、例えば機械可読指示のシークエンスを実行するデジタル信号処理部を動作させることにより実行される。これらの指示は媒体(media)を運ぶ様々なタイプの信号に存する。この点において、本発明の一面は、パイロットサーチ実行に要する時間を短縮する方法を実行するデジタル信号処理部により実行される機械可読指示のプログラムを具体化した実態的な媒体を運ぶ信号からなる製造物に関する。
現在本発明の具体的実施例と考えられるものが示されてきたが、添付クレームで規定されるように本発明の範囲から離れずになされる様々な変更や変形は当業者には明白である。
Claims (11)
- 無線通信ネットワークにおいてパイロット信号サーチを行う方法、該方法は下記を具備する:
ネットワーク内でモバイル局の位置を決定する;
パイロットセット内で識別される全てのパイロットをサーチするのに要するサーチ時間を最小化するために前記モバイルの前記位置と、サーチウインドウサイズと、パラメータ情報を利用する;
前記パイロットセット内で全パイロットをサーチする。 - 請求項1に記載された方法において、モバイル局の位置は通信ネットワーク内で探知される。
- 請求項1に記載された方法は、サーチウインドウサイズを決定するために前記モバイル局の前記位置に関連して信号マルチパス効果を利用するステップをさらに具備する。
- 請求項3に記載された方法は、
セル内のモバイル局のそれぞれの位置に関するサーチウインドウサイズを記憶するステップと、
モバイル局の知られた位置に対する蓄積されたサーチウインドウサイズを用いてサーチパラメータを決定するステップとをさらに具備する。 - 請求項4に記載された方法において、記憶されたモバイル局の位置は三次元テーブルで記憶される。
- 無線通信ネットワークにおいてパイロット信号サーチを行う方法を実行するデジタル信号処理装置により実行可能な機械可読命令のプログラムを具現化する製造物において、前記機械可読命令は以下を具備する:
ネットワーク内でモバイル局の位置を決定する;
パイロットセット内で識別される全てのパイロットをサーチするのに要するサーチ時間を最小化するために前記モバイル局の前記位置と、サーチウインドウサイズと、パラメータ情報を利用する;
前記パイロットセット内で全パイロットをサーチする。 - 請求項6に記載された製造物において、機械可読命令はサーチウインドウサイズを決定するために前記モバイル局の前記位置に関連して信号マルチパス効果を利用することをさらに具備する。
- 請求項7に記載された製造物において、機械可読命令は、
セル内のモバイル局のそれぞれの位置に関するサーチウインドウサイズを記憶することと、
モバイル局の知られた位置に対する蓄積されたサーチウインドウサイズを用いてサーチパラメータを決定すること、とをさらに具備する。 - 無線通信ネットワークにおいてパイロット信号サーチを行う装置、該装置は以下を具備する:
第1のデジタル信号処理部を含む少なくとも1つの基地局、そこでは前記少なくとも1つの基地局はパイロット信号を送信し、前記第1のデジタル信号処理部は通信ネットワーク内でモバイル局の位置を決定するのに使用され;
第2のデジタル信号処理部を含む少なくとも1つのモバイル局、そこでは前記少なくとも1つのモバイル局は前記少なくとも1つの基地局と通信的に結合され、前記第2のデジタル信号処理部はパイロットセット内で識別される全てのパイロット信号をサーチするのに要するサーチ時間を最小化するためにモバイル局の位置と、サーチウインドウサイズと、パラメータ情報を使用できる。 - 請求項9に記載された装置において、前記少なくとも1の基地局の選択された基地局は少なくとも1つのモバイル局へのトラフィックチャネルを使用してサーチウインドウサイズとパラメータ情報と通信する。
- 無線通信ネットワークにおいてパイロット信号サーチを行う装置、該装置は以下を具備する:
通信ネットワーク内でモバイル局の位置を決定する第1の手段;
パイロットセット内で識別される全てのパイロット信号をサーチするのに要するサーチ時間を最小化するためにモバイル局の位置と、サーチウインドウサイズと、パラメータ情報を利用する、前記第1の手段と通信的に結合された第2の手段。
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