JP2008007474A - Plant-vitalizing agent - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a plant-vitalizing agent which can more effectively promote the growth and flowering of a plant. <P>SOLUTION: This plant-vitalizing agent is characterized by containing a fermentation solution obtained by ageing the alcohol immersion of a malt containing at least one of wheat and soybeans as a raw material under a prescribed temperature condition. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a plant vitality agent that alleviates stress on plant growth and promotes plant growth and flowering.

  In order for plants to grow, various nutrients are necessary. For example, the three major elements of fertilizers such as nitrogen, phosphate, potassium, and minerals such as Ca, Mg, Fe, S, B, Mn, Cu, Zn, Mo, Cl, Si, Na, etc. are fertilized in the form of raw fertilizer and top dressing Or it is given by diluting liquid fertilizer during soil irrigation or foliar application. However, these components are indispensable for plant growth, but even if given at a certain concentration or higher, they cannot contribute to the improvement of plant growth and yield, but rather cause excessive damage.

  Plant growth regulators such as gibberellin and auxin, which are used to control the growth and morphogenic reactions of plant germination, rooting, elongation, flower bud differentiation, flowering induction, fruit set, etc., are multifaceted and complex. Therefore, the effect as a plant growth regulator cannot be obtained unless it is used in an appropriate concentration range.

  In crop cultivation, it is important to promote the growth of plants, increase the yield per unit area and increase the yield, obtain a harvest with excellent taste and character, and shorten the cultivation period. For this reason, chemical fertilizers and pesticides have been applied for the purpose of improving productivity. There is a growing interest in production materials, mainly agricultural chemicals and natural products.

  In recent years, crop cultivation has become possible by using agricultural facilities. By the way, in open field cultivation, cultivation is performed in the season according to the characteristics of the plant, but in year-round cultivation, production cannot always be performed in an appropriate cultivation environment. Therefore, plants are exposed to stresses such as temperature, drying, humidification, nutrients, and low sunshine. These stresses cause damage to plants, resulting in poor growth, reduced yield, reduced quality, and, in extreme cases, death, leading to a significant reduction in productivity. In order to avoid these damages, cultivation management is performed by fertilization and environmental control in the facility, but complete stress elimination is impossible at present.

In recent years, the use of plant vitality agents that enhance plant activity has attracted attention, and various plant vitality agents have been developed and utilized. In this regard, a technique is known in which liquid fertilizers containing sugar, minerals, amino acids, plant extracts, seaweed extracts, fermented extracts of microorganisms, and the like are sprayed on the leaves or fertilized in solution. However, many of the current plant vitality agents have variations in the content of components and are not practically sufficient in terms of effects. Furthermore, recently, for example, a plant vital agent containing a monohydric alcohol having 12 to 24 carbon atoms disclosed in Patent Document 1 below is known.
JP 2000-198703 A

  By the way, by using a plant vitality agent as disclosed in Patent Document 1, vitality can be imparted to the plant. However, in recent years, plant growth and flowering can be more effectively promoted. A plant vitality agent that can be produced is desired.

  Then, an object of this invention is to provide the plant vitality agent which can aim at the growth promotion and flowering promotion of a plant more effectively.

  In order to achieve the above object, the plant vital agent according to the present invention is a fermented liquid obtained by aging alcohol soaked in straw containing at least one of wheat and soybeans as a raw material under a predetermined temperature condition. It is characterized by being a raw material.

  According to the plant vital agent according to the present invention, it is highly safe because it is completely harmless to the human body and the environment, and it is possible to more effectively promote the growth and flowering of plants.

  The plant vital agent of the present invention is a fermented liquid obtained by aging an alcoholic soak of wheat straw containing at least one of wheat and soybeans as a raw material under a predetermined temperature condition (hereinafter referred to as a plant in the present invention). Therefore, the plant fermentation broth is preferably diluted, and the plant fermentation broth is diluted, and the diluted plant fermentation broth (hereinafter referred to as “diluted plant fermentation broth”) is added to the plant in an effective amount. Administer.

  Specifically, as the plant fermentation liquid in the present invention, a seasoning liquid (fermented liquid) obtained by the production method described in Japanese Patent No. 2964370 can be suitably used. That is, as the plant fermentation broth in the present invention, alcohol soaked in straw obtained by solid culture of at least one microorganism selected from the group consisting of Aspergillus, Penicillium, Rhizopus and Bacillus is 15 ° C. or less. A seasoning liquid (fermented liquid) obtained by aging under the above temperature conditions can be suitably used.

  By the research of the present inventors, a diluted solution of the seasoning liquid (fermented liquid) obtained by the production method described in Japanese Patent No. 2964370 originally developed as a food is given to the plant. By doing so, we made a new discovery that the growth of plants was promoted. This seasoning liquid (fermented liquid) has been developed as a food, has very high safety, and is completely harmless to the human body and the environment.

  The present invention can be applied to plants in various states. For example, it can be applied to plants in institutional cultivation or plants in open field cultivation, applied to plants in hydroponics, or plants in soil cultivation, applied to seedlings or grafted seedlings in raising seedlings, tissue culture culture Examples of the method include application to an in-plant plant and application to a conditioned plant of a tissue culture seedling.

  Further, the form of the plant vitality agent of the present invention may be any of liquid, paste, wettable powder, granule, powder, tablet and the like. Therefore, various means can be used as a method for supplying the plant vital agent of the present invention to a plant. For example, a liquid (the diluted plant fermentation broth) can be sprayed directly on the leaves, stems, flowers, fruits, etc., or injected into the soil or diluted and mixed with hydroponics or feed water for hydroponics Or by directly applying a powder or a granule like a fertilizer or adding it to a medium in tissue culture.

  In the present invention, the term “plant” refers to what can be recognized from the term plant itself, vegetables, fruits, fruit trees, grains, seeds, bulbs, flowers, herbs (herbs), taxonomic plants, and the like. To do.

  Examples of plants that can be expected to have a growth-promoting effect by the plant vitality agent of the present invention include cucumbers, pumpkins, watermelons, melons, tomatoes, eggplants, peppers, strawberries, okra, sweet beans, broad beans, peas, and green beans in fruit vegetables. . For leafy vegetables, Chinese cabbage, hornbill, cabbage, cauliflower, broccoli, green cabbage, onion, leeks, garlic, rakkyo, leek, asparagus, lettuce, salad, celery, spinach, garlic, parsley, honey, celery, udo, myoga , Fuki, perilla etc. Root vegetables include radish, turnip, burdock, carrot, potato, taro, sweet potato, yam, ginger, lotus root and the like. In addition, it can also be used for rice, wheat, corn, forage crops, flowering plants, fruit trees and trees. Furthermore, it can be used for tissue culture such as production of meliclon seedlings and seedlings.

  In this way, the target plant has its growth stress mitigated by the plant vital agent of the present invention, and promotes the growth of the plant such as promotion of growth, increase in fruit weight, increase in the number of fruits, increase in the number of florets, etc. Any plant may be used as long as it exhibits a beneficial effect.

  Hereinafter, details of the present invention will be described based on examples. In addition, this invention is not limited at all by the Example demonstrated below.

  The plant fermented liquor as a plant vitality agent used in each of the following Examples (Examples 1 to 4) was prepared as follows.

  As a raw material, defatted soybean (35.3%), wheat (35.3%) and brewing alcohol (29.4%) are used, for example, and adjusted by the production process as shown in FIG. A fermentation broth (the above-described plant fermentation broth) was obtained. The fermentation liquid production process in the present embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is basically the same as the general soy sauce production process except that brewing alcohol is used instead of the saline used in the general soy sauce production process. It is the same and is based on the manufacturing method described in Japanese Patent No. 2964370. The main components of this plant fermentation broth (stock solution) are as shown in Table 1. In each of the following Examples (Examples 1 to 4), this plant fermentation broth was diluted, and this diluted diluted plant fermentation broth was used as a plant vitality agent.

<Example 1>
The effect of foliar application of the diluted plant fermentation broth (plant vitality agent) in this example to fruit vegetables (tomato, pepper, eggplant in this example) was examined.
(Investigation method: tomato, pepper, eggplant)

  Each seedling of tomato, pepper and eggplant was planted in an unglazed pot filled with commercially available soil (flower and vegetable soil) and cultivated in a vinyl greenhouse based on customary practices. Irrigation was performed once / day, and for fertilization, slow fertilizer (IB chemical fertilizer) was additionally fertilized once every two weeks. And after the seedling survival was recognized, spraying of the diluted plant fermentation broth in this Example, a commercial agent for comparison (manufactured by Fumakilla Co., Ltd .: for amino acid power vegetables) and water was started in each spraying zone. Foliar spraying was performed once / week. In addition, in the case of a tomato and a bell pepper, it is a diluted plant fermentation liquid diluted 200 times and 1000 times, and in the case of an eggplant, it is a diluted plant fermentation liquid diluted 500 times and 1000 times.

  The plant height, fresh weight above ground, fresh weight below ground, number of nodes, and root length were investigated for the plants that had been harvested. The survey results for tomatoes in this survey are shown in Table 2, the survey results for peppers are shown in Table 4, and the survey results for eggplant are shown in Table 6.

In addition, the yield was investigated by harvesting the fruits that were in the best harvest period and examining the weight and number of fruits. For tomato, the fruit sugar content was also investigated as the fruit quality. Table 3 shows the survey results for tomatoes in these surveys, Table 5 shows the survey results for bell peppers, and Table 7 shows the survey results for eggplants. In addition, the result of Table 2-Table 7 is an average value of 4 stocks.
(Discussion)

  As is clear from the results in Table 2, the effect of promoting the growth of tomatoes was confirmed by spraying the diluted plant fermentation liquor in this Example diluted 1000 times on the leaves. Further, as apparent from the results in Table 3, the effect of increasing the fruit weight, the number of fruits, and the fruit sugar content of tomatoes was confirmed by foliar application of the diluted plant fermentation liquor in this Example diluted 1000 times. These effects were almost the same as when the commercial agent was sprayed on the foliage.

  As is clear from the results in Table 4, the growth promoting effect of peppers was confirmed by spraying the diluted plant fermentation liquor in this Example diluted 1000 times on the foliage. Further, as apparent from the results in Table 5, the effect of increasing the number of peppers was confirmed by foliar application of the diluted plant fermentation liquor in this Example diluted 200 times and 1000 times. These effects were almost the same as when the commercial agent was sprayed on the foliage.

  As is clear from the results in Table 6, the effect of promoting the growth of eggplant was confirmed by spraying the diluted plant fermentation liquor in this Example diluted 500 times on the leaves. Further, as apparent from the results in Table 7, the effect of increasing the fruit weight and the number of fruits of eggplant was confirmed by foliar application of the diluted plant fermentation broth in this example diluted 500 times and 1000 times. These effects were almost the same as when the commercial agent was sprayed on the foliage.

  From these results, the diluted plant fermentation broth in this example has the effect of promoting fruit formation and fruit development in the subsequent reproductive growth while promoting the vegetative growth of fruit vegetables and maintaining a good tree vigor. Considered. Thus, it is suggested that spreading the diluted plant fermentation broth in this example alleviated the stress that fruits and vegetables receive in various growth environments and led to growth promotion.

<Example 2>
The effect of foliar spraying of the diluted plant fermentation broth (plant vitality agent) in this example on flower buds (in this example, petunia, eustoma) was examined.
(Investigation method: Petunia)

  Petunia commercial pot seedlings were planted in planters filled with commercial soil (flower and vegetable soil) and cultivated in a glass greenhouse based on customary practices. Irrigation was performed once / day, and for fertilization, slow fertilizer (IB chemical fertilizer) was additionally fertilized once every two weeks. And after the survival of the strain was recognized, the diluted plant fermentation broth diluted in the present example 200 times and 1000 times, a commercial agent for comparison (manufactured by Fumakilla Inc .: for amino acid power vegetables) and water spraying The foliar spraying was performed at a frequency of once / week, starting with each spraying section.

  As a flower quality, the petal color (lightness, saturation) of the flowering period was investigated using a color difference meter (manufactured by Minolta: CR-200). The results of this investigation are shown in Table 8. In addition, the result of Table 8 is an average value of 4 shares.

(Investigation method: Eustoma grandiflorum)

  Eustoma market plug seedlings were potted in pots filled with commercially available soil (flower and vegetable soil). After raising these seedlings, the seedlings were planted in pots filled with commercial doubles and cultivated in a phytotron controlled at a day temperature of 25 ° C./night temperature of 20 ° C. based on customary practices. Irrigation was performed once / day, and for fertilization, slow fertilizer (IB chemical fertilizer) was additionally fertilized once every two weeks.

  And after the survival of the strain was recognized, the diluted plant fermentation broth in this example diluted 200 times, 500 times and 1000 times, a commercial agent for comparison (manufactured by Fumakilla Inc .: for amino acid power vegetables) and water The foliar spraying was started at each spraying section, and the foliar spraying was performed once / week.

  The survey items were plant height, stem diameter, number of flower buds, number of flowers, aboveground fresh weight, underground fresh weight, fresh flower weight, aboveground dry weight, underground dry weight, and flower dry weight. Tables 9 and 10 show the results of these investigations. The results in Tables 9 and 10 are average values of 6 shares.

(Discussion)

  As is apparent from the results of Table 8, the lightness and saturation of petunia petals are improved by the foliar application of the diluted plant fermentation liquor in this example diluted 200 times and 1000 times, that is, the flower color becomes brighter. The effect of improving flower quality was confirmed. These effects were almost the same as when the commercial agent was sprayed on the foliage.

  As is apparent from the results of Tables 9 and 10, by foliar application of diluted plant fermentation liquor in this Example diluted 200-fold and 500-fold, increase in plant height, stem diameter, and above-ground dry matter weight of Eustoma grandiflorum The growth promoting effects such as the increase in the dry weight of the ground part and the dry part of the underground part were confirmed. In addition, we confirmed the effect of promoting the growth of florets by increasing the number of florets and the weight of florets.

  From these results, the diluted plant fermentation broth in the present example has the effect of promoting flower vegetation, flower bud development and flowering in subsequent reproductive growth, while promoting the vegetative growth of flower buds and maintaining a good tree vigor. It is considered that there is. These effects are presumed to be due to the action of amino acid components effective in flower bud development such as proline in florets. Thus, it is suggested that the application of the diluted plant fermentation liquor in this example alleviated the stress that flower plants receive in various growth environments and led to growth promotion.

<Example 3>
The effect in the case where the diluted plant fermentation liquor (plant vitality agent) in this example was sprayed onto Komatsuna (Komatsuna) subjected to nutrient stress was examined.
(Investigation method)

  After seeding Komatsuna seeds on a urethane mat and germinating, seedlings were raised under a fluorescent lamp illumination at room temperature of 25 ° C. and 6000 lux. After raising the seedlings, a urethane mat was planted on a hydroponics panel and cultivated only with water using a simple NFT hydroponic cultivation apparatus. And after cultivating only water for about 3 weeks, the state where the yellowing of the leaf began to be seen was made into the state which received the nutrient stress.

In this state, Komatsuna was sprayed with the diluted plant fermentation broth in this example diluted 200 times, and a commercial agent for comparison (manufactured by Fumakilla Co., Ltd .: for amino acid power vegetables) and water spraying in each spraying zone. The foliar application was performed at a frequency of 2 times / week. The stress state of Komatsuna was measured using a chlorophyll fluorescence measuring device (Heinz Walz, PAM-2100). The results of this investigation are shown in FIG.
(Discussion)

  As is clear from the results of FIG. 2, it was found that the Fv / Fm value serving as an index of the stress state was increased by foliar application of the diluted plant fermentation broth in the present example diluted 200 times. The Fv / Fm value is a parameter indicating the degree of plant stress, and is 0.85 in a good state with little stress. Thus, the possibility that stress could be relieved by spraying the diluted plant fermentation broth in the present example to Komatsuna in a nutrient stress state was clarified. The stress relieving effect of the diluted plant fermentation broth in this example was substantially equivalent to the case where the commercial agent was sprayed on the foliage.

  In addition, in this investigation, because it was in a state where extreme nutrient stress was given to Komatsuna, it did not reach the recovery of growth for all Komatsuna, but by spraying the diluted plant fermentation broth in this example, This suggests the possibility of promoting growth by reducing various stresses such as temperature, drying, humidification, nutrients, and low sunshine received from outside in normal cultivation.

<Example 4>
The effect when the diluted plant fermentation broth (plant vitality agent) in this example was added to the tissue culture of tomato was examined.
(Investigation method)

  Tomato seeds were surface sterilized with 70% ethanol for 1 minute and 2% sodium hypochlorite for 1 minute, washed three times with sterilized water, and then aseptically sown on MS (Murashige and skoog) medium. Each of the test sections to which the diluted plant fermentation broth in the present example diluted 200-fold, 500-fold, 1000-fold and 2000-fold was added to this MS medium, and only the MS medium and various amino acids were cultured. In each test group (control group), a casamino acid generally used as a nitrogen source was added to the MS medium at a concentration of 0.1% (W / V).

  The number of specimens was 10 in one test section, and glass test tubes with a diameter of 40 mm were used. The culture conditions were a temperature of 24 ° C., a day length of 16 hours, and an illuminance of 3000 lux under fluorescent light illumination. The number of surveyed strains was 5 in one test area, and the survey items were plant height, maximum root length, aboveground fresh weight, and underground fresh weight. The results of this investigation are shown in Table 11. In addition, the result of Table 11 is an average value of 5 shares.

(Discussion)

  As is apparent from the results in Table 11, by adding the diluted plant fermentation liquor in this example diluted 2000 times, the plant height of the tomatoes in tissue culture, the elongation of roots, and the increase in fresh weight of the above-ground and underground portions The effect of promoting growth was confirmed. These effects were almost the same as when 0.1% casamino acid was added.

  Thus, in the plant tissue culture, the rhizosphere tissue directly contacts the medium and absorbs the components in the medium, so that when the plant absorbs the diluted plant fermentation broth in this embodiment in the medium from the surface of the rhizosphere tissue. Conceivable. The casamino acids are mainly composed of amino acids (Asp, Glu, Ser, Gly, His, Arg, Thr, Ala, Pro, Tyr, Val, Met, Cys, Leu, Phe, Lys, etc.). Since the diluted plant fermentation broth exhibits a growth promotion effect equivalent to this casamino acid, it is considered that the amino acid component in the diluted plant fermentation broth in this example had an effect on growth promotion.

  Moreover, as is clear from the results in Table 11, the diluted plant fermentation broth in this example having a high dilution concentration diluted 200-fold or 500-fold is the plant height, root elongation, above-ground part and below-ground part of tissue culture tomato. It was also revealed that growth such as an increase in fresh weight was suppressed, and it was found that there was an appropriate dilution concentration range depending on the plant.

The figure which shows the manufacturing process of the fermented liquor (plant fermented liquor) in the Example of this invention. The figure which shows the investigation result in Example 3 of this invention.

Claims (2)

Using as a raw material a fermented liquid obtained by aging alcohol soaked in straw containing at least one of wheat or soybean as a raw material under a predetermined temperature condition,
A plant vitality agent. Dilute the fermentation broth and administer it to the plant in an effective amount.
The plant vitality agent of Claim 1 characterized by the above-mentioned.

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