JPH08225408A - Plant chlorophyll content improving method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To improve plant chlorophyll content for obtaining effect for maintaining a plant freshness, improving a green color and maintaining the green color by treating stems and leaves, treating the soil, and treating by an immersion with a specific amount of 5-aminolevulinic acid (salt). CONSTITUTION: This plant chlorophyll content improving method comprises using 10-1000 L/10 are, especially 50-300 L/10 are, solution containing 1-1000ppm, especially 10-500ppm, 5-aminolevurinic acid (salt) in the case of treating stems and leaves, 1-1000g/10 are, especially 10-500g/10 are, the same acid in the case of treating the soil or a water culturing, and a solution containing 0. 001-10ppm, especially 0.01-5ppm the same acid and treating for 1hr-1 week, especially for 3 hr-1 day in the case of treating by an immersion.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a plant growth promoter, and more specifically, by promoting plant growth to promote rooting of plants, prevention of lodging, improvement of yield, improvement of cold resistance, preservation of freshness and green color. Improvement, green maintenance, healthy seedling development, promotion of organ growth, increase in number of divisions, shortening the period required for growth,
The present invention relates to a novel plant growth promoter having effects of reducing phytotoxicity and improving survival rate in cuttings and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, many efforts have been made to improve the yield of plants. Among them, research on plant growth regulators has recently been accelerated due to the discovery of plant hormones, which are plant physiologically active substances common to all plants. Developed. Currently, six known plant hormones are gibberellins, auxins, cytokinins, ethylene, abscisic acid, and brassinolide. However, these plant hormones include indole acetic acid as a rooting promoter, gibberellin for producing seedless grapes, ethephon for accelerating fruit ripening, and maleic hydrazide for controlling axillary buds in tobacco. Mainly, they act on a part of plant organs, but do not act on the whole plant or improve yield.

On the other hand, a drug which improves the photosynthetic ability of a plant has been attracting attention as a drug which improves the yield of the plant and acts on the whole plant. As an example, N-allyl-N
-Methylglycine, N, N-dimethylglycine and the like have been found to have a photosynthetic ability-improving action in cultured cells (Annual Report of the Annual Meeting of the Society of Plant Chemoregulation, 1990). It is also known that choline chloride or a derivative thereof has a photosynthetic ability-improving action, but the action has not been sufficiently satisfactory.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a plant growth promoter which acts on the whole plant and improves the yield of the plant.

[0005]

Therefore, as a result of various studies, the present inventors have found that 5-aminolevulinic acid or a salt thereof is known to have a herbicidal action or an insecticidal action (Japanese Patent Publication No. 61-502814). And JP-A-2-138201) have found that the photosynthetic activity, respiration suppression, CO ₂ absorption capacity, chlorophyll content improving activity and plant growth promoting activity are surprisingly excellent.

That is, the present invention provides a plant chlorophyll content improving agent containing 5-aminolevulinic acid or a salt thereof as an active ingredient.

[0007] 5-Aminolevulinic acid or a salt thereof used as an active ingredient of the plant growth promoter of the present invention is known to be useful as a herbicide and an insecticide. Not known at all.

Examples of the salt of 5-aminolevulinic acid include hydrochloride, phosphate, nitrate, sulfate, acetate, propionate, butyrate, valerate, citrate, fumarate, and maleate. And metal salts such as sodium, potassium and calcium salts. In addition, these salts are used as an aqueous solution at the time of use, the action thereof is the same as the case of using 5-aminolevulinic acid alone, and 5-aminolevulinic acid and one or more of these salts can be used in combination.

5-Aminolevulinic acid or a salt thereof is a known compound and can be produced by any method of chemical synthesis, microbial production and enzymatic production. When a production method using a microorganism or an enzyme is used, the product can be used as it is without being separated and purified unless it contains a substance harmful to plants.

The plant growth promoter of the present invention may be 5-aminolevulinic acid or a salt thereof alone, but may also contain other plant growth regulators, saccharides, amino acids, organic acids, alcohols, vitamins, minerals and the like. can do. Other plant growth regulators used here include, for example:
Brassinolides such as epibrassinolide, choline chloride, choline such as choline nitrate, indolebutyric acid, indoleacetic acid, ethiclozeate, 1-naphthyl acetamide, isoprothiolane, nicotinamide, hydroxyisoxazole, Calcium peroxide, benzylaminopurine, metasulfocarb, oxyethylene docosanol, ethephon, cloquinhonac,
Gibberellin, streptomycin, daminogit,
Benzylaminopurine, 4-CPA, ancimidol, inabenfide, uniconazole, chlormecoat, Dike black, daminozide, mefluidide, calcium carbonate, piperonyl butoxide, and the like.

Examples of the saccharide include glucose, sucrose, xylitol, sorbitol, galactose,
Examples include xylose, mannose, arabinose, majurose, sucrose, ribose, rhamnose, fructose, maltose, lactose, maltotriose and the like.

As the amino acids, for example, asparagine,
Examples thereof include glutamine, histidine, tyrosine, glycine, arginine, alanine, tryptophan, methionine, valine, proline, leucine, lysine and isoleucine.

The organic acids include, for example, formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, valeric acid, oxalic acid, phthalic acid, benzoic acid, lactic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, malonic acid, malic acid,
Examples include succinic acid, glycolic acid, glutamic acid, aspartic acid, maleic acid, caproic acid, caprylic acid, myristic acid, stearic acid, palmitic acid, pyruvic acid, α-ketoglutaric acid, and levulinic acid.

As the alcohol, for example, methanol,
Examples thereof include ethanol, propanol, butanol, pentanol, hexanol and glycerol.

Examples of vitamins include nicotinic acid amide, vitamin B ₆ , vitamin B ₁₂ , vitamin B ₅ , vitamin C, vitamin B ₁₃ , vitamin B ₁ , vitamin B ₃ , vitamin B ₂ , vitamin K ₃ , and vitamin A. , Vitamin D ₂ , vitamin D ₃ , vitamin K ₁ , α-tocopherol, β-tocopherol, γ-tocopherol, δ
-Tocopherol, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, biotin, folic acid, nicotinic acid, pantothenic acid, α-liponic acid and the like can be mentioned. As minerals, for example, nitrogen, phosphoric acid, potassium, boron, manganese, zinc, copper,
Examples thereof include iron, molybdenum and magnesia.

Examples of the dosage form of the plant growth promoter of the present invention include powders, granules, liquids and the like. These dosage forms are prepared by using a solvent, a dispersion medium, a bulking agent and the like according to a conventional method. Can be manufactured.

When the plant growth promoter of the present invention is applied to plants, it may be used for foliage treatment (foliage treatment agent) or for soil treatment (soil treatment agent).
Alternatively, the plant may be absorbed before planting or cutting. Further, it may be added to water during hydroponic cultivation.

When this agent is used as a foliage treatment agent,
1 to 1000 ppm of aminolevulinic acid or a salt thereof, particularly 10 to
It is contained at a concentration of 500ppm, which is 10 to 10 per 10 ares.
It is preferable to use 00 l, especially 50 to 300 l. When used for a plant such as a monocotyledonous plant where the drug is hard to adhere to the leaf surface, it is desirable to use a spreading agent together. The type and amount of the spreading agent used are not particularly limited.

When this agent is used as a soil treating agent,
-1 to 10 amino acids as aminolevulinic acid or a salt thereof
It is preferable to use 1000 g, especially 10 to 500 g. In addition, it is preferable to use substantially the same amount during hydroponics.

Using this agent, soak it before planting
When a method of absorbing aminolevulinic acid or a salt thereof is adopted, the concentration of 5-aminolevulinic acid or a salt thereof in the solution to be added is preferably 0.001 to 10 ppm, particularly 0.01 to 5 ppm, and the soaking time is 1 hour or more. It is desirable that the time be within one week, especially three hours or more and one day.

The effect can be obtained by performing any of the treatments at any stage of the growth of the plant, but the effect is particularly great when the treatment is carried out during the seedling stage or the grain filling stage. A sufficient effect can be obtained even if the treatment is performed once, but the effect can be further enhanced by performing the treatment a plurality of times. When processing a plurality of times, the methods described above can be combined. When used in combination with other pesticides, fertilizers, etc. due to the convenience of use, it may be mixed with any compound as long as it does not impair the effects of this agent.

The plant to which the present agent is applied is not particularly limited. For example, cereals such as rice, barley, wheat, barley, corn, millet; pumpkin, turnip, cabbage, radish, Chinese cabbage, spinach, bell pepper, Vegetables such as tomatoes; tangerines, apples, oysters, plums, pears,
Fruit trees such as grapes and peaches; chrysanthemums, gerberas, pansies,
Orchids, peonies, tulips and other flowers;
Trees such as oak, cedar, hinoki, oak, beech; beans such as adzuki bean, kidney bean, soybean, peanut, fava bean, peas; grasses such as black mulberry, bentgrass, nosiba; potato, sweet potato, taro, yam, taro Potatoes; leek such as leek, onion, rakkyo; and grasses such as alfalfa, clover and vetch.

The application of this agent to plants promotes plant growth. For example, this agent promotes rooting of plants, prevents lodging, improves yield, improves cold resistance, preserves freshness, improves green, maintains green, Healthy seedling growth, promotion of organ growth, increase in the number of splits, shortening of the period required for growth, reduction of phytotoxicity or cuttings, cuttings,
It can be used for the purpose of planting, transplanting or increasing the survival rate of cuttings and seedlings.

Hereinafter, the method of use of the present agent, the application object thereof, and the like according to these purposes will be described in detail. First, for the purpose of promoting rooting of a plant, the method of using this agent may be any of the above-mentioned foliar treatment, soil treatment and dipping treatment. It is characteristic that this agent has a root-promoting effect even by foliar treatment.
The treatment for the purpose of promoting rooting is applicable to all plants having roots, but in particular, cedar, hinoki, tea, mulberry,
Dogwood, acalyx, butterbur, azalea, azalea, dwarf azalea, himalayan seed, carnation, chrysanthemum, tulip, turf, rice, camellia, eye box, mokusei, metasequoia, masaki, aoki, ginkgo, geranium, tobacco, dahlia, rose, orchid, pine, maple It is suitable to be applied to oak, eggplant, cucumber, tomato, lettuce, cabbage and the like. The treatment period is not particularly limited, but it is particularly preferable to perform the treatment when the plant such as the seedling stage is in the growth stage.

The method of using the present agent for the purpose of improving the survival rate of plants may be any of the above-mentioned soil treatment, foliage treatment and dipping treatment. Preferred applications for this purpose include cedar seedlings, tea seedlings, paddy rice seedlings, cypress seedlings, pine seedlings, eggplant seedlings, cucumber seedlings, cabbage seedlings, chrysanthemum seedlings, sweet potato seedlings, and the like.

The method of using this agent for the purpose of raising healthy seedlings is not particularly limited, but it can also be used by immersing seeds in a chemical solution of this agent. The concentration of the chemical solution used here, the immersion time, and the like are preferably the same as in the case of planting seedlings. Preferred applications for this purpose include, for example, rice seedlings, cedar seedlings, tea seedlings, cypress seedlings, pine seedlings, eggplant seedlings, cucumber seedlings, cabbage seedlings, chrysanthemum seedlings, bell pepper seedlings, citrus seedlings, okra seedlings, corn seedlings. Etc. In addition, when this agent is used for the purpose of growing healthy seedlings, it can be used in combination with other healthy seedling agents, and such other healthy seedling agents include isoprothiolane agent, calcium peroxide agent, nicotinic acid amide. Agents, hydroxyisoxazole agents, benzylaminopurine agents, metasulfocarb agents and the like.

The method of using the present agent for the purpose of preventing lodging of plants is not particularly limited, but especially when the plants are treated during the growing season, the roots and stems are enriched and the effect of preventing lodging is obtained. large. While many plant growth regulators promote growth and, at the same time, grow plants to make them prone to lodging, this plant does not cause unnecessary plant growth. This agent alone shows a sufficient effect, but the effect can be further enhanced when used in combination with an agent that suppresses internode elongation. To give one example of the combination,
Ansimidol agents, inabenfide agents, uniconazole agents, chlormecoat agents, dikeglac agents, daminogit agents, mefluizide agents and the like can be mentioned. Preferred applications for this purpose include chrysanthemums, lilies, poinsettias, tulips, rice, azaleas, rhododendrons,
Wheat, hibiscus, barley, oats, sea cucumber, cherry, botany, avelia, corn and the like can be mentioned.

The method of use and the time of use of the present agent for the purpose of improving the whole or part of the yield of the plant are not particularly limited, but the use in the early stage of grain development is particularly preferred. More specifically, in the case of grains such as rice and wheat, the flowering period before flowering-the flowering period is onion, garlic, etc., the bulb enlargement period is sweet potato, potato, etc., and the potato enlargement period is cabbage, lettuce, etc. The first half of the term is particularly effective for spinach and komatsuna. This drug is effective in increasing the yield of all plants and is characterized by having a wide range of application such as grains, potatoes, leeks, beans, vegetables, and fruits. Especially rice, barley, wheat,
Sweet potato, potato, soybean, red bean, kidney bean, taro, yam, onion, leek, garlic, cabbage, spinach, lettuce, komatsuna, peach, oyster, grape, fig, kiwi, apple, banana, pineapple, tomato, eggplant, pepper It is suitable for increasing the sales of red pepper, okra, pumpkin, strawberry, asparagus, radish, carrot, broccoli, cauliflower, burdock and lotus root. Further, the present agent can be used in combination with a choline agent, a brassinolide agent and the like.

The method of use and the time of use for the purpose of improving the cold resistance of the plant are not particularly limited, but it is preferable to use it during the growing season. By using this agent, plants can be enriched, cold resistance can be improved, and recovery of plants damaged by cold damage can be accelerated. The treatment for improving the cold resistance is preferably applied to, for example, rice, barley, wheat, corn, spinach, komatsuna, lettuce, chisha, cabbage and the like.

For the purpose of maintaining the freshness of the plant, the present agent may be applied to the plant before harvesting or may be applied to the plant after harvesting. As the pre-harvest treatment, either foliar treatment or soil treatment can be used, but it is preferable to perform the treatment within 2 weeks, preferably within 1 week of harvesting. The post-harvest treatment is mainly foliage treatment, but in the case of cut flowers and attachment, the treatment can be carried out based on the above-mentioned attachment method. Applicable plants for this purpose are effective against vegetables, cut flowers, etc., rather than fruits. Specific examples include spinach, komatsuna, rape, pea, leek, nozawana, hops, lettuce, chisha,
Examples include cabbage, broccoli, cauliflower, peppers, leeks, green beans, chrysanthemums, carnations, freesia, gerberas, buttercups, stocks, lilies, gentian, hyacinths and the like.

The method of use and the time of use for the purpose of improving the green color and maintaining the green color of the plant are not particularly limited, but the present invention is effective not only during growing but also when applied to a plant after harvesting. The post-harvest treatment is mainly foliage treatment, but in the case of cutting flowers or making attachments, it can be done based on the above-mentioned attachment method. Applicable plants for this purpose include, for example, moss, grass, spinach, komatsuna, rape, pea, leek, hop, lettuce, chisha, cabbage, broccoli, peppers, leeks, green beans, chrysanthemums, carnations, freesia, gerberas, Asians. Examples include toms, Chinese cabbage, orchids, potos, hortens, agave, and aloe.

The method of use and the time of use for the purpose of reducing phytotoxicity are not particularly limited, but it is preferable to use it before spraying the causative agent that causes phytotoxicity. This agent has an effect of reducing all phytotoxicity in order to promote the growth of the whole plant and improve its activity, but has an excellent phytotoxicity-reducing effect, especially for phytotoxicity caused by photosynthesis-inhibiting herbicides.
Examples of such types of herbicides include pyrazolate herbicides, dimethasone herbicides, chlorophthalim herbicides, oxadiazon herbicides, phthalimide herbicides, fluridone herbicides, and dicyanomaleronitrile herbicides. Agents, carbamate herbicides, urea herbicides, triazine herbicides and the like. In this case, the effect of accelerating the recovery is strong even if used after spraying the causative agent which causes phytotoxicity. In addition, it also has an excellent effect of reducing the phytotoxicity caused by organophosphate insecticides and carbamate insecticides.

There is no particular limitation on the method of use and the time of use for the purpose of increasing the number of divisions, but any of seed treatment, soil treatment, and soil or foliage treatment after planting seedlings may be used. Preferred applications for this purpose are:
Examples include grains such as paddy rice and wheat.

The method of use and the time of use for the purpose of shortening the period required for growth are not particularly limited, and either soil treatment or foliage treatment may be used. Preferable applications for this purpose include rice, grains such as wheat, as well as various vegetables and fruit trees. In particular, when used for plants that are vulnerable to cool damage, it is possible to prevent cool damage by accelerating the growing season.

For the purpose of promoting the growth of an organ, it is preferably used by adding it to the medium at the time of culturing the organ. Here, examples of the organ include callus, shoot primordium, hairy root and the like.

Although the mechanism of action of the plant growth promoter of the present invention is not clear, improvement of photosynthetic activity, improvement of CO ₂ absorption capacity,
Respiratory depression and improvement of chlorophyll content are considered. That is, the treatment with the present agent improves the photosynthetic activity, the chlorophyll content, and the CO ₂ absorption ability. Plants fix CO ₂ by photosynthesis, while metabolizing photosynthetic assimilates by respiration and releasing CO ₂ . Treatment with this drug suppresses respiration, increasing the amount of assimilable products accumulated. It is thought that such three effects promote plant growth.

[0037]

5-aminolevulinic acid or a salt thereof according to the present invention comprises photosynthetic activity enhancing effect, CO ₂ absorption capacity improving effect, respiratory inhibition, the chlorophyll content increased action. This allows
The plant growth promoter of the present invention exhibits an excellent growth promoting action, and as a result, promotes rooting, prevention of lodging, improvement of yield, improvement of cold resistance, maintenance of freshness, improvement of green color, maintenance of green color, growth of healthy seedlings, promotion of organ growth. , Increasing the number of parts, shortening the period required for growth,
It is excellent in reducing phytotoxicity and improving the survival rate in cuttings.

[0038]

EXAMPLES Next, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples, but these are merely for illustrative purposes and the present invention is not limited to these examples.

Example 1 Cucumber blue Nagachi craw seeds were added to a 2% sodium hypochlorite solution for 10 days.
Sterilized by pickling for a minute. This was washed under running water for 4 hours to absorb water. Seed this on moist vermiculite 25
The seedlings were grown for 6 days at 6000 lux under a daylight white fluorescent lamp at ℃. Using a cutter, cut a section of 5 mm below the cotyledon, cut into 6 parts each of distilled water and a 1 ppm and 3 ppm aqueous solution of 5-aminolevulinic acid (hereinafter abbreviated as 5-ALA), and apply at 25 ° C and 6000 lux 20 under light irradiation
After culturing for a time, each length was measured. In addition, a five-level evaluation of green color visually with a distilled water treatment group (control) as 3 is also shown. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0040]

[Table 1]

As is evident from the results, the addition of 5-ALA has the effects of promoting growth and improving green color.

Example 2 Rice seedlings (Sasanishiki) of about 8 cm above the ground, which were grown in a nursery box, were cut off leaving 5 mm above the ground, 10 seeds were spread on a high glass dish, and a 5-ALA aqueous solution was placed at a height of 1 cm. It was grown under continuous light of 6000 lux at 25 ° C for 8 days. Eight days later, the length and total weight of the regenerated leaves were measured. Table 2 shows the average value of 10 grains.

[0043]

[Table 2]

As is clear from Table 2, the growth of regenerated leaves was promoted by the addition of 5-ALA.

Example 3 Eight rice seedlings (Sasanishiki), about 3 cm above the ground, raised in a nursery box were immersed in aqueous solutions of 0, 1, and 3 ppm of 5-ALA for 1 hour, 6 hours, 9 hours, 24 hours and 48 hours, respectively, and washed with water. After that, they were transplanted to paddy pots and grown in a greenhouse for 2 weeks. Two weeks later, the seedlings were removed and the total weight excluding the above-ground section manager and the fir section,
The number of roots was measured and the average was calculated. The results are shown in Tables 3, 4 and 5.

[0046]

[Table 3]

[0047]

[Table 4]

[0048]

[Table 5]

As is clear from Tables 3, 4 and 5, it can be seen that the treatment of the present invention promotes the growth, has the effects of promoting rooting, improving the survival rate, and raising healthy seedlings.

Example 4 Rice seeds (Akinishiki) were sterilized and sprouted according to a conventional method. Select seeds of the same size and insert them into foamed polyethylene sheets with grooves using a cutter knife, using forceps to insert 10 grains per sheet.
Float on a waist high petri dish filled with 150 ml of A aqueous solution, 28 ° C,
They were grown for 7 days under 5000 lux light irradiation. Seven days later, the above-ground length, the longest root length and the number of roots were measured. Table 6 shows the average value per 10 grains.

[0051]

[Table 6]

As is clear from Table 6, it can be seen that the addition of 5-ALA promotes the growth, rooting and healthy seedling growth of the above-ground portion, root length and number of roots.

Example 5 Rice seedlings grown in a nursery box (Akinishi, aboveground manager about 5)
cm), cut off the roots, leaving 5 mm of the roots, so that the roots adhere to the solution in flat-bottomed test tubes containing 50 ml of 5-ALA aqueous solution of each concentration.
It was fixed with a cotton plug. Prepare 12 tubes of each concentration and divide into 2 equal parts. One is grown for 7 days under light irradiation at 28 ° C and 5000 lux for 24 hours [Condition A], and the other is to shield the test tube part with aluminum foil. Then, the plant was grown for 7 days by repeating the conditions of 28 ° C., 5000 lux light irradiation, and 23 ° C. dark every 12 hours while keeping the roots out of light [condition B]. Seven days later, the grown seedlings were taken out, the roots were cut, and the total length of the roots was measured. Table 7 shows the results of calculating the average of six tubes under each condition.

[0054]

[Table 7]

As is clear from Table 7, it is found that the addition of 5-ALA promotes the growth, rooting and healthy seedling growth.

Example 6 Using a porcine feces anaerobic solution using a photosynthetic bacterium as a medium, 5-ALA
A contained broth was prepared (For details of the preparation method, see Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-92293.
No.). This broth is centrifuged at 8000 rpm for 30 minutes,
A supernatant was obtained. When the concentration of 5-ALA in the supernatant was measured, it was 720 ppm. This broth was diluted with distilled water to a predetermined 5-ALA concentration and carried out in the same manner as in Example 4 except that the culture time was changed to 3 days. ) Are shown in Table 8.

[0057]

[Table 8]

As is evident from Table 8, even the unpurified broth produced by microorganisms shows the same effect as the pure product.

Example 7 Rice seedlings (Akinishiki) cultivated in a nursery box were removed from a rice plant having a ground length of about 15 cm and cut at a root length of 1 cm. This for each concentration
Kasuga liquid A containing 5-ALA [Experimental Agricultural Chemistry, 2nd volume, 3rd edition (Asakura Shoten) p306] Fix pH 5.1 in a 100 ml Erlenmeyer flask containing 100 ml with a cotton plug, and root the base with aluminum foil. And shaded. Table 9 shows the results of measuring the root length (longest root length) that was grown 7 days under irradiation with light of 5000 lux at 28 ° C. and regenerated after 7 days.

[0060]

[Table 9]

As is clear from Table 9, it can be seen that the addition of 5-ALA promotes growth, rooting, and growing healthy seedlings.

Example 8 Rice seedlings (Akinishiki) grown in a nursery box about 12 cm in length above ground
Was planted at 4 locations per 2/2000 are (a) paddy field pot prepared on June 22 according to a conventional method. 5- Immediately after planting rice
ALA was untreated, and 10 g, 30 g, and 100 g were added per 10 a to treat the soil. After that, carry out normal management at a water level of 2 cm, and
The soil was washed off on July 10th, the day after, and the aboveground part length and total dry weight were measured. Table 10 shows the result of calculating the average value per one for each pot.

[0063]

[Table 10]

As is clear from Table 10, the treatment of 5-ALA has the effect of promoting growth and improving the survival rate. Furthermore, the proportion of weight has increased more than the improvement in the length of the above-ground part, and the treatment of 5-ALA is not due to the stunt that leads to lodging, but to the promotion of healthy growth of plants, and healthy seedlings It is cultivated, and it is understood that this agent is extremely effective in practical use.

Example 9 A rice seedling (Akinishiki) grown in a nursery box was about 10 cm above the ground.
1 / 2000a paddy pot prepared according to the usual method on July 17
Two plants were planted at four locations per pot. Immediately after rice planting, 4 ml (80 l / 10a) of 5-ALA aqueous solution of each concentration, to which the spreading agent neoesterin was added at a 1 / 2000-fold dilution, was sprayed. After that, normal control was performed at a water level of 2 cm, and the soil was washed off on August 7th, three weeks later, and the aboveground part length, total dry weight, and the number of pieces were measured. Table 11 shows the result of calculating the average value per one pot.

[0066]

[Table 11]

As is clear from Table 11, growth promotion and improvement of the survival rate are recognized by the 5-ALA treatment. In addition, while the weight increase is remarkable, the length of the above-ground part is only slightly increased, and the number of splits is increasing, so that seedlings that are strong against lodging and healthy and expected to improve yield are growing. I understand.

Example 10 Rice seedlings (Akinishiki) grown in a nursery box about 12 cm in length above ground
The roots of the seedlings were soaked on a 5-ALA aqueous solution of each concentration for 12 hours on June 22 to allow the solution to be absorbed. This was planted on the same pot in the same manner as in Example 8 on June 23, and the water level was 2 until 17/10, 17 days later.
Cultivated in cm with normal management. Wash off the soil on July 10th,
Aboveground section length and total dry weight were measured. Table 12 shows the results of calculating the average value of 16 pots for each concentration of 2 pots.

[0069]

[Table 12]

As is clear from Table 12, the promotion of growth and the improvement of survival are recognized by the 5-ALA treatment. In addition, since the increase in the length of the above-ground part is small with respect to the increase in weight, this effect shows a healthy growth promotion effect without accompaniment, etc.
This shows that this agent is extremely effective in practical use.

Example 11 A radish was placed on a 1 / 5000a pot filled with field soil treated with 10 kg / 10a of conversion fertilizer as N on 6/12.
(Comet, Sakata) 10 seeds were sown and cultivated in a greenhouse. On 6/26 days (2-4 leaf stage of true leaf), 4 seedlings of uniform size per pot were thinned out, and the spreader neoesterin was added 2000 times to the solution of each concentration of 5-ALA. 2 ml of foliage was applied to each pot. Then 7 /
Normal management and harvesting until 4 days. The harvest was washed with water, dried at 80 ° C. for 24 hours in a dryer, and the weight of each was measured. Table 13 shows the average weight of each pot.

[0072]

[Table 13]

As is clear from Table 13, the 5-ALA treatment promotes growth and improves yield.

Example 12 On June 12th, 10 corns (honey bantam sweet corn, Sakata) were sowed in pots of 1 / 5000a filled with field soil treated with 10kg / 10a of conversion fertilizer as N as the original manure on 6/12. Cultivated in a greenhouse. On 6/26 days (3-4 leaf stage), we thinned out 7 seedlings of uniform size per pot,
A foliar treatment was carried out by spraying a solution in which the spreading agent neoesterin was added to the solution of each concentration of 5-ALA at a concentration of 2000 times, 2 ml for each pot. After that, perform normal management,
On 7/7, the aerial part was cut off (5 to 6 leaf stage), the aerial part length and the aerial part weight (wet weight) were measured, and the average for each pot was calculated. The results are shown in Table 14.

[0075]

[Table 14]

As is clear from Table 14, the growth was promoted by the 5-ALA treatment. In addition, since the effect of promoting the weight of the above-ground part is greater than that of the above-ground part manager, a healthy growth-promoting effect without a stunt appears, indicating that healthy seedlings resistant to lodging are cultivated.

Example 13 On 7/10, 6 seeds of soybean (axilome) were sown in a pot of 1 / 5000a filled with field soil which had been treated with 10 kg / 10a of N as a fertilizer as a basic fertilizer and cultivated in a greenhouse. . On July 24 (first bi-leaf stage), three seedlings of the same size were thinned out, leaving three seedlings per pot, and the spreading agent neoesterin was added 1000 times to the solution of each concentration of 5-ALA. The foliage treatment was carried out using a spray of 3 ml per pot of the solution added so that
After that, normal management was performed, and the soil was washed off with water on 8/11 and harvested, and the aboveground length was measured. After that, it was dried in an oven at 80 ° C. for 24 hours, and the total weight of each piece was measured. Table 15 shows the averaged value for each pot.

[0078]

[Table 15]

As is clear from Table 15, the 5-ALA treatment was effective in promoting growth and raising healthy seedlings.

Example 14 Eight kidney beans (Aaron, Sakata) were sowed in a 1 / 5000a pot filled with field soil treated with 10 kg / 10a of conversion fertilizer as N on 6/12 as a primary fertilizer. Cultivated in. 7/3
On the day (first bileaf stage), four seedlings of the same size were thinned out, leaving four seedlings per pot, and the spreading agent neoesterin was added to the 5-ALA solution at a concentration of 2000 times. The added solution was subjected to foliage treatment using a spray of 2 ml per each pot. After that, normal management was performed, and the soil was washed off with water on 7/17 and harvested, and the fresh weight and the number of leaves of the above-ground part were counted.
The roots are separated from the aerial parts and dried in a dryer at 80 ° C for 24 hours.
The dry weight per pot was measured. Each concentration was tested in three pots, and the above-ground weight and the number of leaves were averaged per one pot, and the dry root weight was averaged per one pot. The results are shown in Table 16.

[0081]

[Table 16]

As is clear from Table 16, the promotion of growth is observed by the 5-ALA treatment. In addition, it can be seen that the growth of the plant progresses from the increase in the average number of leaves, and the number of days required until harvest can be reduced. In addition, the effect on the weight of the dried root was extremely large, and it was found that it was extremely effective in promoting rooting, improving the survival rate, and raising healthy seedlings.

Example 15 and Comparative Example 1 On the 8 / 24th, the tip of the sweet potato vine (5 leaves from the tip) was taken from the sweet potato field, and the two leaves at the bottom of the well-collected potatoes were taken, and 5-ALA of each concentration was obtained. The stem portion was put in an aqueous solution and an aqueous solution of trade name Suncatch [Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Co., Ltd.] adjusted to have a choline chloride concentration of 20 ppm for 24 hours.
Twenty-four hours later, on August 25, field No. 8 was filled with field soil, and the remaining three leaves were planted vertically so as to become the above-ground part and sufficiently watered. It was cultivated in a greenhouse for 2 weeks, the soil was washed away with water on 9/7, and harvested. The roots thus generated were cut off one by one with a scalpel, and the resulting roots were dried at 50 ° C. for 48 hours. An experiment was performed on each of the four solutions, and the weight of the four dried roots was averaged. The results are shown in Table 17.

[0084]

[Table 17]

As is clear from Table 17, 5-ALA treatment has the effects of promoting growth, promoting rooting and improving the survival rate. Furthermore, compared with Comparative Example 1, the effect of the present agent was more than doubled at a concentration of 1/2000 compared to Suncatch, which is a growth promoter that claims to improve the survival rate of potatoes. It became clear.

Example 16 Two ridges of 1 m width were formed on a field on which chemical fertilizer was applied at 10 kg / 10a in terms of N as a primary manure on 9/1, and two radishes (Miyashige Sochu, Tensei Aoneck) were used. The seeds were sown one by one, and normal thinning, topdressing, and other management were performed. One month later, on October 1st, the radish of each species was divided into two parts, and on one side, a solution obtained by adding neoesterin, which is a spreading agent, to a 100 ppm aqueous solution of 5-ALA so that the concentration became 2000 times, was added. On the other hand, a solution obtained by adding the same amount of neoesterin to water was sprayed onto the leaves using a spray of 1 ml per plant. After that, normal management was performed again, and the diameter of the thickest portion of the exposed portion of the radish was measured on October 18 using a caliper. Table 18 shows the measurement data and average values.

[0087]

[Table 18]

As is clear from Table 18, the effects of 5-ALA treatment on growth promotion and yield improvement were shown in the field. Although the difference in diameter seems to be small at first glance, the thickness of radish is a major factor in terms of commercial value, and this difference in diameter is equivalent to a difference of about 20% in radish weight, so this effect is practically Very useful.

Example 17 and Comparative Example 2 On December 3rd, onion seedlings (Senshu Nakako High Yellow Onion) were sealed in a plastic bag and placed in a 37 ° C. incubator for 48 hours to damage the seedlings. Leaves were cut. After washing the seedlings, the roots were soaked for 12 hours in a 5-ALA aqueous solution of each concentration and a sun catch aqueous solution adjusted to a choline chloride concentration of 20 ppm. Onion seedlings treated as described above were used as original fertilizer on December 6 to make a 1-meter-wide ridge on a field to which 10 kg / 10a of chemical fertilizer had been applied, and planted them at intervals of 25 cm with three stripes of 15 cm width. Thereafter, normal management was carried out, and the number of strains showing sufficient growth on March 26 was counted. Number of plants planted,
Table 19 shows the number of surviving strains and the survival rate.

[0090]

[Table 19]

As is clear from Table 19, the survival rate is improved by the 5-ALA treatment. According to the observation, the strains that could not survive and died die due to cold damage due to the cold of winter, and it can be seen that treatment with this agent can improve cold resistance. Also,
It can be seen that the present agent shows higher effects at lower concentrations than the comparative example.

Example 18 and Comparative Example 3 On the 7/17 day, 10 seeds of Japanese radish (comet, sakata) seeds were sown in a 1 / 5000a pot filled with 10 kg / 10a N-converted compound fertilizer as a basic fertilizer. It was cultivated in a greenhouse. On July 28th, 6 seedlings of the same size per pot were left, and thinned. On August 2nd, select 12 pots with well-sized seedlings, using a photosynthetic activity measurement device (Shimadzu) at a temperature of 27 ° C and a reference gas flow rate.
0.5l / min, measured gas flow rate 0.5l / min, fan flow rate 8l / m
In, the concentration of absorbed carbon dioxide was measured under the conditions of a light amount of 70,000 lux. At the same time, the light was blocked and the amount of CO ₂ increase due to respiration was measured. After that, a 1000-fold dilution of the spreading agent neoesterin, and the same solution containing 30 ppm and 100 ppm of 5-ALA, and 3 pots each of the same solution containing a sun catch so that the choline chloride becomes 100 ppm, 1 pot each 3 ml per spray. After that, the usual management is performed, and the absorbed carbon dioxide concentration and respiration are measured in the same manner as on 8/4 days, 2 days after spraying, 5 days, 8/7 days, and 9 days, 8/11 days. By CO
_{2 The} increase was measured. Further, it was harvested on August 28, 26 days after spraying, washed with water, dried in an oven at 80 ° C. for 24 hours, and the total dry weight was measured. It calculates the CO ₂ concentration at each measurement point the CO ₂ concentration measured before the treatment to 8/2 days in each pot as 100%, were averaged 3 pots for each condition. The total dry weight was treated similarly. The results are shown in Tables 20, 21 and 22.

[0093]

[Table 20]

[0094]

[Table 21]

[0095]

[Table 22]

As is clear from Table 20, the photosynthetic activity was obviously improved by the treatment with 5-ALA, and it was found that the effect was greater than that of Suncatch as compared with the comparative example. As is clear from Table 21, the respiratory activity is clearly reduced by the 5-ALA treatment, and the activity is larger than that of the sun catch as compared with the comparative example. Table 22 shows that the effect of the treatment with the present agent is large with respect to the total dry weight of the plants after these treatments, and it is clear that the treatment has the effect of promoting growth and improving the yield. Further, this effect is larger than that of the sun catch in comparison with the comparative example. Tables 20, 21 and
Considering all of 22, the treatment with this drug improves (1) photosynthetic activity, and (2) suppresses respiration per pot while increasing plant weight (apparent effect [ table
The effect per biomass is greater than 21]),
(3) It has a growth promoting effect, and (4) it has an effect of improving yield. Further, it can be seen that all the effects of (1) to (4) are greater than those of the commercially available growth promoter Suncatch as compared with the comparative example.

Example 19 Shoot primordium derived from horseradish was treated with NAA (1-naphthalene acetic acid) 2 ppm BA (benzyladenine) 0.02 ppm sucrose 3 wt% and LS (Rinsmeier Scoog) containing each concentration of 5-ALA. ) 40 mmφ length 15 with 30 ml of medium added
Aseptically plant in a 0 mm test tube, 25 ℃, 6000
It was cultured for 4 weeks under dark conditions of lux for 16 hours and light irradiation for 8 hours. Visual observation revealed that the 5-ALA-added group was clearly darker in green color than the non-added group. In order to investigate this difference quantitatively, about 4 g of these shoot primordia were ground together with sea sand in an agate mortar, and the volume ratio of acetone: water (8
Chlorophyll was extracted at 0:15), then redissolved in ethyl ether, and after dehydration, the absorbance at 660 nm and 642.5 nm was measured, and the total amount of chlorophyll was determined by the method described in the Food Engineering Laboratory Manual (Yokokendo, 1970, P496). Was calculated. An experiment was carried out with two tubes for each concentration, and the average value was calculated. The results are shown in Table 23.

[0098]

[Table 23]

As is clear from Table 23, the chlorophyll content was increased by the 5-ALA treatment, and growth promotion, freshness, green color, green color, photosynthetic activity, and CO ₂ absorption ability were improved. Recognize.

Example 20 On December 18th, 10 seeds of radish (Comet, Sakata) seeds were sowed in a 1 / 5000a pot filled with field soil treated with 10 kg / 10a of conversion fertilizer as N as the original manure on N / D. Grown in a greenhouse. Under normal management, on the 2nd and 7th, thin out every 4 pots, leaving 4 well-sized ones (2 to 4 leaf stage), 30 ppm of 5-ALA and various surfactants 0.1
% Water solution was sprayed onto the pot, 2 ml per pot. Normal management was performed in a non-heated greenhouse, and the plants were harvested on March 13th. The total weight and the weight of the root and above-ground parts were measured, and the average value per individual was calculated. Table 24 shows the results.
Shown in

[0101]

[Table 24]

The 5-ALA treatment clearly has the effect of promoting growth and improving the yield, and the effect appears in both the aboveground part and the underground part. It can be seen that the effect is further increased by adding a surfactant. It can also be seen that various types of surfactants can be used.

Example 21 Wheat (Norin 61) was placed in a 1 / 5000a pot filled with field soil treated with 10kg / 10a N conversion of chemical fertilizer as an original manure on 10/5.
Were sown and cultivated in a greenhouse under normal management.
On November 8th, thinning was carried out, leaving four tubes of the same size, and the fluorescent lamps were turned on from 15:00 to 22:00 to perform light cultivation. On January 18th, 5-ALA at each concentration was added, and the spreading agent Neoesterin was added to 2000.
4 ml of an aqueous solution containing the solution was sprayed so as to double the amount. After that, normal management was performed, and seedlings that had grown to a plant height of about 50 cm were sprayed with water from the side of the plant on the 2/4, and all seedlings were laid down. Normal management was performed as it was and the recovery rate was investigated on 2/8. The test was performed with 4 pots (16 tubes) at each concentration. The results are shown in Table 25.

[0104]

[Table 25]

As is clear from Table 25, 5-ALA treatment produced healthy seedlings and prevented lodging, indicating that this agent is useful for improving yield.

Example 22 Wheat (Norin 61) was placed on a 1 / 5000a pot filled with field soil treated with 10kg / 10a N conversion of chemical fertilizer as an original manure on 10/5.
Were sown and cultivated in a greenhouse under normal management. 11
/ 8 days, thinning out four fluorescent lamps
Lighting was carried out from 15:00 to 22:00, and light cultivation was performed. On February 13 (heading stage and before flowering), a solution containing the spreading agent neoesterin at a ratio of 1/2000 in a 5-ALA aqueous solution of each concentration was sprayed at a rate of 4 ml per pot using a spray. The experiment was performed for 10 pots at each concentration. Thereafter, normal management was performed, and the ears were harvested on March 25, threshing, washed with water to remove poorly seeded seeds and dust, dried at 80 ° C for 24 hours, and the weight per pot and the number of grains were counted. Table 26 shows the result of calculating the average value for each concentration.

[0107]

[Table 26]

As is clear from Table 26, both the weight and the number of grains were increased by the 5-ALA treatment, indicating that the yield was improved. In addition, since there is no significant difference in the weight per grain, it can be considered that the increase in the number of fruit set mainly led to the improvement in yield.

Example 23 The same procedure as in Example 22 was carried out except that 5-ALA at each concentration was dissolved in a 500-fold aqueous solution of liquid fertilizer (Hyponex) and the solution was given to the strain. The results are shown in Table 27.

[0110]

[Table 27]

As is clear from Table 27, both the weight and the number of particles were increased by the 5-ALA treatment, and it was found that the yield was improved. In addition, the weight per grain is increasing, which can be considered to be linked to the production of high quality wheat.

Example 24 Hairy roots of horseradish radish derived according to a conventional method were planted in a plant jarfamenter (Bioreactor CTB-33 manufactured by Taitec Co., Ltd.) with a wet weight of 2.5 g each at a temperature of 25 ° C. and an aeration rate of 0.5. Culture was performed at l / min and a rotation speed of 250 rpm. The medium was replaced with a niche medium containing various concentrations of 5-ALA every 7 days. Table 28 shows the amount of hairy roots at 2, 3 and 4 weeks.

[0113]

[Table 28]

As is clear from Table 28, the growth of hairy roots was promoted by the 5-ALA treatment, and it was found that the present agent has a growth promoting effect, a rooting promoting effect, and a yield improving effect.

Example 25 Hairy roots of horseradish were cultured in the same manner as in Example 24, harvested 4 weeks later, and peroxidase (POD) activity was measured. Table 29 shows the concentration of 5-ALA and the number of POD units.

[0116]

[Table 29]

As is clear from Table 29, the peroxidase (POD) activity per reactor was improved by the treatment with 5-ALA, and it was also effective in improving the yield of secondary metabolites such as POD. I understand.

Example 26 Barley (variety: oats) was placed in a 1 / 2500a pot filled with field soil in which a chemical fertilizer was applied at 10 kg / 10a in terms of N as a primary manure.
Fifteen seeds were sown on October 12th, and were cultivated in a greenhouse under a long-day condition with electric illumination under the condition of five seeds. Twice treatment on December 5 (before flowering season) and December 7 (flowering season) and treatment twice on December 7 (flowering season) and December 17 (after flowering season) Establish a plot, add 5-ALA single concentration or 5-ALA and epibrassinolide (EBR) mixed solution with surfactant neoesterin in 200
Fistula was sprayed at a rate of 200 liters per 10a to make a 0-fold dilution. Barley was harvested on February 19, and the yield after drying was measured.
The experiment was performed with 18 pots in the untreated section and 6 pots in the treated section, and the average value was calculated. The results are shown in Tables 30 and 31.

[0119]

[Table 30]

[0120]

[Table 31]

As is clear from Tables 30 and 31, the yield was clearly improved by the 5-ALA treatment, and the treatment was effective before, during and after the flowering season. It can be seen that the effect of the flowering period treatment is larger before the flowering period. In addition, it can be seen that the effect is enhanced by the combination in combination with epibrassinolide, and a synergistic effect is exhibited.

Example 27 [0122] 15/2 seeds of wheat (variety: Norin 61) were sowed on 10/12 on a 1 / 2500a pot filled with a field soil in which 10 kg / 10a of a chemical fertilizer was applied as a source fertilizer in N equivalent, It was cultivated in a greenhouse under long-day conditions by illumination with 5 tailors. 11/29 (before the flowering season)
・ Two treatment areas for 12/5 days (flowering peak), 12/5 days (flowering peak), 2 treatment areas for 12/15 days (after flowering peak), 5-A
A surfactant, neoesterin, was added to each LA single concentration agent or a mixture of 5-ALA and epibrassinolide at a 2000-fold dilution, and the mixture was sprayed with foliage at a rate of 200 liters per 10a. 2/2
The wheat was harvested on the 8th and the yield after drying was measured. The experiment was carried out using 18 pots in the untreated section and 6 pots in the treated section, and the average value was calculated. Tables 32 and 33 show the test results.

[0123]

[Table 32]

[0124]

[Table 33]

As is clear from Tables 32 and 33, the yield was clearly improved by the 5-ALA treatment, and the treatment was effective before, during, and after the flowering season. Recognize. In addition, it can be seen that the effect is enhanced by the combination with the epibrassinolide and has a synergistic effect.

Example 28 Paddy rice seeds (variety; starlight) sterilized with Benlate T (200 times) for 24 hours were incubated at 30 ° C. in the dark to germinate. Two days later, in a nursery box (60 x 30 cm) packed with artificial soil
7000 seeds were seeded, and a surfactant, neoesterin, was added to each concentration of 5-ALA so as to be diluted 2000 times, and sprayed with 500 ml per nursery box, and then covered with soil. It was left in a nursery box for 2 days, and subsequently maintained in a greenhouse. 37 days later, the above-ground part length, leaf age and five above-ground dry matter weights of 50 seedlings of each concentration randomly selected were measured, and the average was calculated. Table 34 shows the results.

[0127]

[Table 34]

As is evident from Table 34, the above-mentioned leaf weight was increased by the 5-ALA treatment, but the above-mentioned leaf weight was increased. You can see that it is done.

Example 29 Five soybean (cultivar: Axilome) seeds were sown in a 1 / 5000a pot filled with field soil on July 28, and four seeds were cultivated in a greenhouse. On the 8th / 18th day (the first compound leaf stage), the surfactant neoesterin was added to each concentration of 5-ALA so as to be diluted 2000 times, and 100 l was sprayed on the foliage per 10a, or similarly per 10a.
The soil was sprayed with 100 l of water. On August 30th, the growth of soybeans was surveyed, the above-ground weight was measured, and the average weight per strain was calculated. Tables 35 and 36 show the test results.

[0130]

[Table 35]

[0131]

[Table 36]

As is clear from Tables 35 and 36, the growth-promoting effect is clearly observed by the treatment with 5-ALA in any treatment method.

Example 30 Ten soybean (cultivar: Axilome) seeds were sown on a 1 / 5000a pot filled with field soil on October 27, and three seeds were cultivated in a greenhouse. 5-AL early after arrival of soybean flowering
To each concentration of A, the surfactant neoesterin was added to be diluted 2000-fold, and foliage was sprayed at a rate of 200 liters per 10a on December 21 and December 28. Soybean growth survey was conducted on 1/13 and the weight was measured today. Table 37 shows the test results.

[0134]

[Table 37]

As is clear from Table 37, 5-ALA treatment clearly shows growth promotion, and it is understood that the yield is improved.

Example 31 Red beans (variety: Tanba Dainogon) were placed in a 1 / 5000a pot filled with field soil treated with 10 kg / 10a of a chemical fertilizer in N conversion as a primary manure.
Seven seeds were sown on August 27, and three seeds were cultivated in a greenhouse. The surfactant neoesterin was added to the 5-ALA concentration once each on 9/10 (first bi-leaf stage) and 9/17 (second bi-leaf stage) to give a dilution of 2000-fold. 100
The foliage was sprayed at a ratio of l. On 10/1 day and 10/11 day, the growth study of adzuki bean plants was carried out, the above-ground weight was measured, and the average weight per strain was calculated. Tables 38 and 39 show the test results.

[0137]

[Table 38]

[0138]

[Table 39]

As is clear from Tables 38 and 39, the growth promotion was clearly observed by the 5-ALA treatment. The treatment period is effective in both the first compound leaf stage and the second compound leaf stage, and it can be seen that the treatment in the first compound leaf stage is more effective. The effect appears not only in the weight of the living body but also in the weight of the dry matter, indicating that the growth promoting effect of the living body itself is large, not merely a change in the water content.

Example 32 Red beans (variety: Tanba Dainogon) were placed in a 1 / 5000a pot filled with field soil treated with 10 kg / 10a of chemical fertilizer in N conversion as a primary manure.
Seven seeds were sown on 9/10, and three seeds were cultivated in a greenhouse. At the beginning of 11/22 day, the surfactant neoesterin was added to each concentration of 5-ALA at a dilution of 2000 times, and 10
Foliage was sprayed at a rate of 500 l per a. On January 18th, a growth study of red beans was conducted and the seedling weight was measured. Table 40 shows the test results.

[0141]

[Table 40]

As is clear from Table 40, the growth or growth was clearly promoted by the 5-ALA treatment, and the yield was improved.

Example 33 Corn (variety: Pioneer) was sowed on well-washed river sand on 12/1 day and grown in a greenhouse up to the 2.5 leaf stage. 12 /
Select seedlings of the same size for 14 days, immerse the foliage of the seedlings in a solution of 5-ALA at each concentration of 5-ALA so that the surfactant, neoesterin, is diluted 2000 times, and dry the leaves. Waiting to do so, the fertilizer was replanted as a primary fertilizer into a 1 / 5000a pot filled with field soil treated with 10kg / 10a N in terms of N and cultivated in a greenhouse. On 1/12, the growth of corn was investigated and the body weight was measured, and the average weight per strain was calculated. table
41 shows the test results.

[0144]

[Table 41]

As is clear from Table 41, the 5-ALA treatment clearly has a growth promoting effect. Unlike the general foliage treatment, the treatment method of the present example has no possibility that the drug is absorbed from the root part, and it can be seen that the agent is effectively absorbed by the leaf surface.

Example 34 10/2 corn (variety: pioneer) seeds were sown in a 1 / 2500a pot filled with upland soil, which was treated with a compound fertilizer as a source fertilizer at a rate of 10 kg / 10a in terms of N, on 7/28 days. Four tailors were cultivated in the greenhouse. 5-ALA on August 18 (2.5 leaf stage)
The surfactant neoesterin was added to each concentration so that it would be diluted 2000 times, and 100 l per 10a was sprayed on the foliage, or 10a was similarly applied.
The soil was sprayed at a water volume of 100 l per water. On September 3rd, the growth of corn was investigated, the above-ground dry matter was measured, and the average weight per strain was calculated. The test results are shown in Tables 42 and 43.

[0147]

[Table 42]

[0148]

[Table 43]

As is clear from Tables 42 and 43, the growth promotion effect is recognized by the 5-ALA treatment in any of the foliage and soil treatment methods.

Example 35 A fertilizer (comet, sakata) 10 seeds was sown in a pot of 1 / 5000a, which was prepared by adding a chemical fertilizer as a source fertilizer at a rate of 10 kg / 10a in terms of N, and sown in a 1 / 5000a pot. Three
It was cultivated in a greenhouse with this tailoring. December 8 (2nd leaf)
One for each of the four stages on December 15th, December 21st and December 28th
2000 times the surfactant neoesterin to 5-ALA 100 ppm
Foliage was sprayed at a rate of 200 liters per 10a in such a manner as to give a double dilution. On January 12th, a growth study of radish plants was carried out to measure the biological weight. Table 44 shows the test results.

[0151]

[Table 44]

Table 44 clearly shows that the 5-ALA treatment clearly promotes growth and improves yield. The present agent shows an effect even when treated at any stage of growth, which indicates that it has a wide suitable treatment period.

Example 36 A compound fertilizer was applied at 10 kg / 10a in terms of N as an original manure to an upland field, two ridges having a width of 80 cm and a length of 5 m were formed, and seeds of radish (cultivar: comet) (10 l / 10 a) were obtained. Was sown on September 12 and cultivated normally. To each concentration of 5-ALA, add the surfactant neoesterin to a 2000-fold dilution and add 10
One treatment at a rate of 200 liters per a 9/26 days (2.5 leaf stage)
The two treatments were sprayed on foliage on September 26 and October 16, respectively. The beet radish was harvested on October 29, the biological weight was measured, and the average weight per strain was calculated. Tables 45 and 46
The test results are shown in.

[0154]

[Table 45]

[0155]

[Table 46]

As is clear from Tables 45 and 46, 5-ALA treatment promotes growth and improves yield in fields as well.
Further, it can be seen that the effect is increased by the twice processing, and the effect is increased by the repeated processing.

Example 37 Chemical fertilizer was added as a primary manure to a field adjusted to pH 6.8 with slaked lime at a rate of 10 kg / 10a in terms of N, and two ridges having a width of 110 cm and a length of 5 m were formed, and spinach (cultivar: autumn) Spinach seeds (15l / 10a) were sown in 3 rows on 11/6,
On the day, they were covered with vinyl sheets and cultivated in a normal tunnel (simple house). On 12/12, add neoesterin to the surfactant to each concentration of 5-ALA so as to be diluted 2000 times,
It was sprayed on foliage at a rate of 200 l per 10a. The leaf age of spinach at the time of spraying was the true leaf 3-5 leaf stage. Spinach was harvested on 1/17 and the body weight was measured. Table 47 shows the test results. Values are the average biological weight per strain.

[0158]

[Table 47]

As is clear from Table 47, 5-ALA treatment also promotes growth and improves yield in fields.

Example 38 Pollen obtained from tea flowers was converted into sucrose 1 containing 5-ALA at each concentration.
The plate was placed on a 0% agar medium (agar 1%) and incubated at 28 ° C in the dark. Twenty-four hours later, pollen tube elongation was measured.
Table 48 shows the test results.

[0161]

[Table 48]

As is clear from Table 48, 5-ALA has an organ growth promoting effect.

Example 39 Turf (coleissiva) 10 years after planting was sectioned into 50 × 50 cm sections, and runners and roots at the boundaries of the sections were cut with a cutter.
Surfactant neoesterin was added to each concentration of 5-ALA so as to be diluted 2000 times, and 200 l per 10a was treated once for 10/4 days and twice for 10/4 days. It was sprayed on the foliage on 10/27 days. In the survey, green retention was evaluated by observation on December 7, December 17, December 25, and January 9th. Table 49 shows the test results.

[0164]

[Table 49]

In the evaluation, the non-processed section was set to 3.0, and displayed as relative values of 1.0 to 5.0. The larger the numerical value, the stronger the green color. As is clear from Table 49, the treatment with this product clearly retains the green color for a long period of time.

Example 40 Ten years after planting, turf (koreishiba) was sectioned into 50 × 50 cm, and runners and roots at the boundaries of the sections were cut with a cutter.
A surfactant was added to each concentration of 5-ALA, and the ratio of 200l per 10a was 10/4 days for the first treatment group and 10/4 days for the second treatment group.
The foliage was sprayed each day. On January 23, the growth of rice was investigated, and four samples having a diameter of 10.4 cm and a depth of 10 cm were taken out from each section, washed with water, dried, and the dry weight was measured. Table 50 shows the test results.

[0167]

[Table 50]

As is clear from Table 50, the 5-ALA treatment has an effect of promoting the growth of grass.

Example 41 As a main fertilizer, a chemical fertilizer was applied at a rate of 10 kg / 10a in terms of N. The width was 2 m.
2 ridges with a length of 8 m were made, and seeds (5 kg / 10a) of wheat (variety: Norin No. 50) were sown on the field field on October 24, and normal cultivation was performed. 5/10 days (before the flowering season) and 5/17 days (the flowering season) twice, 5-ALA concentration alone or 5-ALA and epibrassinolide concentration mixture surfactant Neoeste 20 phosphorus
Foliage was sprayed at a rate of 200 liters per 10a in addition to a dilution of 00 times. Each treatment was performed in triplicate. Wheat yield was measured on July 19th. Table 51 shows the test results.

[0170]

[Table 51]

As is clear from Table 51, the yield was improved by the 5-ALA treatment. In addition, a synergistic effect is seen with the combination of 5-ALA and EBR.

Example 42 As a primary fertilizer, a chemical fertilizer was applied at 10 kg / 10a in terms of N. The width was 2 m.
2 ridges of 8m long are made and barley (variety: Haruna 2 Article)
(5 kg / 10a) was sown on October 20 and cultivated normally. 5/7 day (before the flowering season), 5/14 day (the flowering season) twice, 5-ALA single concentration, or 5-ALA and epibrassinolide mixed solution, surfactant Neo Esterine was added at a dilution of 2000 times, and foliage was sprayed at a rate of 200 l per 10a. Each treatment was performed in triplicate. The barley yield was measured on July 23. Table 52 shows the test results.

[0173]

[Table 52]

As is clear from Table 52, the yield was improved by the 5-ALA treatment. In addition, a synergistic effect is seen with the combination of 5-ALA and EBR.

Example 43 Wheat (cultivar: Agriculture and Forestry 61) was placed in a 1 / 2500a pot filled with field soil in which a chemical fertilizer was applied at 10 kg / 10a in terms of N as a primary manure.
No.) 15 seeds were sown on October 12th, made up of five seeds, and cultivated in a greenhouse under long-day conditions with light. 5-AL at each concentration twice on 11/2 days (before flowering season) and 12/5 days (flowering season)
The spreading agent neoesterin was added to the aqueous solution A so as to be diluted 2000 times, and 8 ml (200 l / 1
0a) Foliage was sprayed. The treatment was performed in 6 pots each. After 2/12 days, one pot was harvested every other day and the ratio of ripe grains was investigated. The results are shown in Table 53.

[0176]

[Table 53]

As is clear from Table 53, the number of days required for growth was reduced by the 5-ALA treatment.

Example 44 A 10-year-old turf (koreishiba) was planted in a 1 / 2500a pot filled with a field soil in which a chemical fertilizer was applied at 10 kg / 10a in terms of N as a primary fertilizer, and ordinary management was performed. . On the 7/31 day, 6 well-grown pots were selected, and carbon dioxide absorption and respiration were measured under the same conditions as in Example 18 except that the light amount was 80,000 lux. Then the spreader Neo Esterin 10
A 3-fold dilution of the 00-fold diluted solution and a solution containing 100 ppm of 5-ALA in the same solution were sprayed at a ratio of 300 l per 10a by spraying. After that, carry out normal management, 8/1 on the day after spraying
On days 3/8, 3/8, 7/7, 7/7, and 14 days, 8/14, measure the concentration of absorbed carbon dioxide and increase in CO ₂ due to breathing in the same manner as on 7/31. did. Assuming that the CO ₂ concentration measured on July 31 for each pot was 100%, the C at each measurement point was
The amount of increase in O ₂ was calculated, and three pots were averaged for each condition.
The results are shown in Tables 54 and 55.

[0179]

[Table 54]

[0180]

[Table 55]

As is clear from Tables 54 and 55, the photosynthetic activity was clearly improved by the 5-ALA treatment, and at the same time, the respiratory activity was suppressed.

Example 45 200 g of Simazine, which is one of the triazine herbicides, was sprayed to a turf pot, which was prepared in the same manner as in Example 44 and whose carbon dioxide gas absorption was measured by the same method, per 10 a. Then, 1000 times diluted solution of the spreading agent neoesterin and 5-ALA
3 pots each containing 00 ppm are sprayed at a rate of 300 l per 10 a. After that, perform normal management,
8/1 day after spraying, 8/3 days after 3 days, 8/7 days after 7 days, 1
Four days later, on 8/14, the absorbed carbon dioxide gas concentration was measured in the same manner as on 7/31. The CO ₂ absorption measured before treatment on the 7/31 day for each pot was taken as 100%, and the CO _{2 at} each measurement point was changed.
The concentration was calculated and 3 pots were averaged for each pot. The results are shown in Table 56.

[0183]

[Table 56]

Example 44 As can be seen from comparison with Table 54, the herbicide simazine causes phytotoxicity and decreases photosynthetic activity. As is clear from Table 56, phytotoxicity caused by simazine on the photosynthetic activity was remarkably reduced by the addition of 5-ALA, and the recovery was accelerated.

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[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] February 27, 1996

[Procedure Amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] Full text

[Correction method] Change

[Correction content]

Method of improving chlorophyll content of plant

[Claims]

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for improving the chlorophyll content of a plant, and more particularly to a novel plant chlorophyll having the effects of maintaining the freshness of plants, improving the green color and retaining the green color by increasing the chlorophyll content of the plants. Regarding content improvement method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, many efforts have been made to improve the chlorophyll content of plants. Among them, research on plant growth regulators has been conducted in recent years due to the discovery of plant hormones, which are plant physiologically active substances common to all plants. Developed rapidly. Currently, six known plant hormones are gibberellins, auxins, cytokinins, ethylene, abscisic acid, and brassinolide. However, these plant hormones such as indoleacetic acid as a rooting promoter, gibberellin for seedless grape production, ethephon for accelerating fruit maturity, maleic hydrazide for controlling axillary buds of tobacco, etc. , Mainly those that act on part of the organ of the plant, acts on the entire plant,
It did not improve the chlorophyll content.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is, therefore, an object of the present invention to provide a method for improving the chlorophyll content of a plant which acts on the whole plant and retains the freshness of the plant, improves the green color, and retains the green color.

[0004]

Therefore, as a result of various studies, the present inventors have found that 5-aminolevulinic acid or its salt known to have a herbicidal action or an insecticidal action (Japanese Patent Publication No. 61-502814). No. 2, JP-A-2-138201)
The present invention was completed based on the finding that the above shows a surprisingly excellent chlorophyll content improving action.

That is, according to the present invention, 5-aminolevulinic acid or a salt thereof is added in an amount of 1 to 1000 ppm in the case of foliar treatment.
It is contained at a concentration of 10 to 10 per 10 ares.
00 liters, in the case of soil treatment or hydroponics, 1 to 1000 grams per 10 are, in the case of soaking treatment,
The present invention provides a method for improving chlorophyll content of plants, which comprises treating the chlorophyll content at a concentration of 0.001 to 10 ppm for 1 hour to 1 week.

[0006]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Although 5-aminolevulinic acid or a salt thereof used in the method of the present invention is known to be useful as a herbicide and an insecticide, it is completely known that it has a chlorophyll increasing action on plants. Has not been done.

Examples of salts of 5-aminolevulinic acid include hydrochloride, phosphate, nitrate, sulfate, acetate, propionate, butyrate, valerate, citrate, fumarate, maleate. , Acid addition salts such as malate and metal salts such as sodium, potassium and calcium salts. In addition, these salts are used as an aqueous solution at the time of use, the action thereof is the same as the case of using 5-aminolevulinic acid alone, and 5-aminolevulinic acid and one or more of these salts can be used in combination.

5-Aminolevulinic acid or a salt thereof is a known compound and can be produced by any method of chemical synthesis, microbial production and enzymatic production. When a production method using a microorganism or an enzyme is used, the product can be used as it is without being separated and purified unless it contains a substance harmful to plants.

The plant chlorophyll content improver (hereinafter referred to as "this agent") used in the method of the present invention may be 5-aminolevulinic acid or a salt thereof alone, but other than this, other plant growth regulators and sugars. , Amino acids, organic acids, alcohols,
Vitamins, minerals, etc. can be added. Other plant growth regulators used herein include, for example, brassinolides such as epibrassinolide, choline agents such as choline chloride and choline nitrate, indole butyric acid, indole acetic acid, ethiclozet agent, 1-naphthylacetamide agent. ,
Isoprothiolane agent, nicotinic acid amide agent, hydroxyisoxazole agent, calcium peroxide agent, benzylaminopurine agent, metasulfocarb agent, oxyethylenedocosanol agent, ethephon agent, cloquinhonac agent, gibberellin, streptomycin agent, daminogit agent , Benzylaminopurine agent, 4-CPA agent, ancimidol agent,
Examples thereof include inabenfide agent, uniconazole agent, chlormecote agent, dike black agent, daminogit agent, mefluidide agent, calcium carbonate agent, piperonyl butoxide agent and the like.

Examples of sugars include glucose, sucrose, xylitol, sorbitol, galactose,
Examples include xylose, mannose, arabinose, majurose, sucrose, ribose, rhamnose, fructose, maltose, lactose, maltotriose and the like.

As the amino acid, for example, asparagine,
Examples thereof include glutamine, histidine, tyrosine, glycine, arginine, alanine, tryptophan, methionine, valine, proline, leucine, lysine and isoleucine.

Examples of the organic acid include formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, valeric acid, oxalic acid, phthalic acid, benzoic acid, lactic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, malonic acid, malic acid,
Examples include succinic acid, glycolic acid, glutamic acid, aspartic acid, maleic acid, caproic acid, caprylic acid, myristic acid, stearic acid, palmitic acid, pyruvic acid, α-ketoglutaric acid, and levulinic acid.

As the alcohol, for example, methanol,
Examples thereof include ethanol, propanol, butanol, pentanol, hexanol and glycerol.

Examples of the vitamins include nicotinic acid amide, vitamin B ₆ , vitamin B ₁₂ , vitamin B ₅ ,
Vitamin C, vitamin B ₁₃ , vitamin B ₁ , vitamin B ₃ , vitamin B ₂ , vitamin K ₃ , vitamin A, vitamin D ₂ , vitamin D ₃ , vitamin K ₁ , α-tocopherol, β-tocopherol, γ-tocopherol, δ
-Tocopherol, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, biotin, folic acid, nicotinic acid, pantothenic acid, α-liponic acid and the like can be mentioned. As minerals, for example, nitrogen, phosphoric acid, potassium, boron, manganese, zinc, copper,
Examples thereof include iron, molybdenum and magnesia.

Examples of the dosage form of this agent include powders, granules, liquids and the like. To obtain these dosage forms, a solvent, a dispersion medium, a filler, etc. may be used and the preparation may be carried out by a conventional method. it can.

When this agent is applied to plants, it may be used for foliage treatment (foliage treatment agent) or soil treatment (soil treatment agent). Alternatively, the plant may be absorbed before planting or cutting. Further, it may be added to water during hydroponic cultivation.

When this agent is used as a foliar treatment agent, 5-
Aminolevulinic acid or a salt thereof is contained at a concentration of 1 to 1000 ppm, particularly 10 to 500 ppm,
It is preferable to use 10 to 10001, and especially 50 to 3001 per are. When used for a plant such as a monocotyledonous plant where the drug is hard to adhere to the leaf surface, it is desirable to use a spreading agent together. The type and amount of the spreading agent used are not particularly limited.

When this agent is used as a soil treatment agent, 5
-Aminolevulinic acid or its salt 1 per 10 ares
It is preferable to use 1000 g, particularly 10 to 500 g. In addition, it is preferable to use substantially the same amount during hydroponics.

[0019] Using this agent, apply it before planting 5-
When a method of absorbing aminolevulinic acid or a salt thereof is used, the concentration of 5-aminolevulinic acid or a salt thereof in the soaked solution is 0.001 to 10 ppm, particularly 0.01 to 5 ppm.
It is desirable that the content is ppm, and the soaking time is preferably 1 hour or longer and 1 week or shorter, particularly 3 hours or longer and 1 day or shorter.

Although any of the treatments is effective at any stage of plant growth, it is particularly effective at the seedling stage or the seed filling stage. A sufficient effect can be obtained even if the treatment is performed once, but the effect can be further enhanced by performing the treatment a plurality of times. When processing a plurality of times, the methods described above can be combined. When used in combination with other pesticides, fertilizers, etc. due to the convenience of use, it may be mixed with any compound as long as it does not impair the effects of this agent.

The plants to which this agent is applied are not particularly limited, but include cereals such as rice, barley, wheat, millet, corn, millet; pumpkin, turnip, cabbage, radish, Chinese cabbage, spinach, peppers, Vegetables such as tomatoes; oranges, apples, oysters, plums, pears,
Fruit trees such as grapes and peaches: chrysanthemums, gerberas, pansies,
Flowers of orchids, peonies, tulips, etc .; Satsuki,
Trees such as oak, cedar, hinoki, oak, beech; beans such as adzuki bean, kidney bean, soybean, peanut, fava bean, peas; grasses such as black mulberry, bentgrass, nosiba; potato, sweet potato, taro, yam, taro Potatoes; leek such as leek, onion, rakkyo; and grasses such as alfalfa, clover and vetch.

When this agent is applied to plants, the chlorophyll content of the plants is improved. Therefore, this agent can be used for the purpose of, for example, maintaining the freshness of plants, improving the green color, and retaining the green color.

Hereinafter, the method of using the present agent, the object of application and the like according to these purposes will be described in detail. For the purpose of maintaining the freshness of plants, the agent may be applied to the plants before harvest or after harvest. As the pre-harvest treatment, either foliar treatment or soil treatment can be used, but it is preferable to perform the treatment within 2 weeks, preferably within 1 week of harvesting. The post-harvest treatment is mainly foliage treatment, but in the case of cut flowers and attachment, the treatment can be carried out based on the above-mentioned attachment method. Applicable plants for this purpose are effective against vegetables, cut flowers, etc., rather than fruits. As a specific example, spinach,
Komatsuna, rape, green pea, leek, Nozawana,
Hops, lettuce, chisha, cabbage, broccoli, cauliflower, peppers, leeks, green beans, chrysanthemums, carnations, freesia, gerberas, buttercups,
Stock, lily, gentian, hyacinth, etc. are mentioned.

[0024] The method of use and the time of use for the purpose of improving the green color of the plant and maintaining the green color are not particularly limited, or are effective not only during growth but also when applied to the plant after harvesting. The post-harvest treatment is mainly foliage treatment, but in the case of cutting flowers or making attachments, it can be done based on the above-mentioned attachment method. Applicable plants for this purpose include, for example, moss, grass, spinach, komatsuna, rape, pea, leek, hop, lettuce, chisha, cabbage, broccoli, peppers, leeks, green beans, chrysanthemums, carnations, freesia, gerberas, Asians. Examples include toms, Chinese cabbage, orchids, potos, hortens, agave, and aloe.

[0025]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION According to the method of the present invention, the chlorophyll content of plants is improved, and the effect of maintaining freshness, improving green color and retaining green color is excellent.

[0026]

EXAMPLES Next, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples, but these are merely for illustrative purposes and the present invention is not limited to these examples.

Example 1 Shoot primordium derived from horseradish was treated with NAA (1-naphthalene acetic acid) 2 ppm BA (benzyladenine) 0.
02ppm sucrose 3wt% and each concentration of 5-AL
LS (rinsmeier skoog) medium 30 containing A
It was aseptically inoculated into a 40 mmφ 150 mm length test tube containing ml and cultured at 25 ° C., 6000 lux for 16 hours, and light irradiation for 8 hours under dark conditions for 4 weeks. Visual observation revealed that the 5-ALA-added group was clearly darker in green color than the non-added group. In order to investigate this difference quantitatively, about 4 g of these shoot primordia were ground together with sea sand in an agate mortar and the volume ratio of acetone: water (80: 1
After extracting chlorophyll in 5), it was redissolved in ethyl ether, and after dehydration, the absorbance at 660 nm and 642.5 nm was measured, and the food engineering laboratory manual (Yokokendo, 1970, P496).
The total chlorophyll amount was calculated by the method described in. An experiment was carried out with two tubes for each concentration, and the average value was calculated. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0028]

[Table 1]

As is clear from Table 1, the chlorophyll content was increased by the 5-ALA treatment, and it was found that growth promotion, freshness retention, green improvement and green retention were observed.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A plant chlorophyll content improver comprising 5-aminolevulinic acid or a salt thereof as an active ingredient.