JP2007284792A - スーパーソルバス熱処理ニッケル基超合金の最終結晶粒径を制御する方法及び当該方法で形成される製品 - Google Patents
スーパーソルバス熱処理ニッケル基超合金の最終結晶粒径を制御する方法及び当該方法で形成される製品 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 229910000601 superalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 81
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 26
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 96
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 29
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 25
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 22
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 21
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 17
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 9
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 4
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 4
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 4
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009718 spray deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 241000024188 Andala Species 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001513 hot isostatic pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhenium atom Chemical compound [Re] WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004343 Calcium peroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000012868 Overgrowth Diseases 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004176 azorubin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005094 computer simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002939 deleterious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005555 metalworking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010272 near-net-shape forging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012255 powdered metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/10—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of nickel or cobalt or alloys based thereon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
- C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
- C22C19/051—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W
- C22C19/056—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W with the maximum Cr content being at least 10% but less than 20%
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
- C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
- C22C19/051—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W
- C22C19/057—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W with the maximum Cr content being less 10%
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
Abstract
【解決手段】 本発明の方法は、後段の加工段階で超合金の超塑性を発現するのに十分微細な結晶粒径を有するビレットを形成する段階を含む。ビレットを次いで、超合金のγ′ソルバス温度未満の温度で加工して加工品を形成するが、その際、歪速度が平均結晶粒径を制御するための下限歪速度を超え、しかも臨界結晶粒成長を避けるための上限歪速度未満に維持されるようにビレットを加工する。加工品を次いで加工品の結晶粒を均一に粗大化するのに十分な時間超合金のγ′ソルバス温度を超える温度で熱処理し、しかる後に加工品を加工品内でγ′相を再析出させるのに十分な速度で冷却する。
【選択図】 図1
Description
式中、σは流動応力であり、Kは定数であり、ε′は歪速度であり、mは歪速度感受性である。粉末冶金法、スプレー鋳造成形法、鋳造及び鍛錬法その他の適当な方法のいずれで形成するにしても、超合金のビレットは、当業者に公知の通り、所望の微細結晶粒径を生ずる特定の温度範囲を始めとする条件下で形成しなければならない。併せて、かかる条件は、鍛造温度域でm=約0.3の最小歪速度感受性を維持するものでなければならない。或いは、歪速度感受性を制御するため、あらゆる歪に対して流動応力が一定となる(歪硬化も歪軟化もない)歪速度及び温度レジームでの鍛造によって、超塑性となるように鍛造プロセスを制御することは従来から行われている。しかし、以下で述べる通り、本発明では、若干の流動硬化に続いて流動応力減衰が観察されたこの領域を僅かに超えるところで鍛造することによって、最適な結晶粒径を達成できるという予想外の効果を示す。
歪エネルギーの定義の前提として潜在しているのは、流動応力が局所的な歪、歪速度及び温度、すなわち経由した変形経路に依存するので、歪エネルギーが全蓄積歪だけではなく歪が得られた変形経路にも依存することである。そこで、鍛造品における2箇所で全蓄積歪は同一であるが、歪エネルギーは変形経路に応じて大きく異なることもある。歪速度が高い箇所は高い流動応力で変形し(流動応力は歪速度と共に増加する)、低い歪速度で変形した箇所よりも高い歪エネルギーを有する。同様な差は、異なる温度で変形した箇所にも存在する。本発明の歪エネルギー法によれば、このような異なる箇所は、従来技術で教示されているように歪レベルが異なるだけではなく、歪エネルギーのレベルが異なることに起因する異なる結晶粒径を有する。
式中、総和記号(Σ)は、鍛造作業の際の鍛造の複数Aregime@及び材料変数の合計を意味する。例えば、RCC試験片の多段階鍛造では、初期段階の歪レベル又は歪速度が最適でなくても、第2の段階を最適な歪又は歪速度で実施すると、望ましい完成品ミクロ組織が得られることが判明した。
Claims (10)
- γ′ソルバス温度を有するγ′析出強化ニッケル基超合金から製品を製造する方法であって、当該方法が、
後段の加工段階で超合金の超塑性を発現するのに十分微細な結晶粒径を有するビレットを形成する段階と、
超合金のγ′ソルバス温度未満の温度でビレットを加工して加工品を形成する段階であって、歪速度が平均結晶粒径を制御するための下限歪速度を超え、しかも臨界結晶粒成長を避けるための上限歪速度未満に維持されるようにビレットを加工する段階と、
加工品の結晶粒を均一に粗大化するのに十分な時間超合金のγ′ソルバス温度を超える温度で加工品を熱処理する段階と、
加工品内でγ′相を再析出させるのに十分な速度で加工品を冷却する段階と
を含んでなる方法。 - 前記下限歪速度が0.001s−1である、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記上限歪速度が0.1s−1である、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記ビレット内の公称歪が0.3以上となるようにビレットを加工する、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記ビレット内の公称歪が0.5以上となるようにビレットを加工する、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記ビレットの加工が実質的に非超塑性レジーム又はかろうじて超塑性レジームとなるのに十分に高い歪速度でビレットを加工する、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記加工段階の際にビレットに付加される歪エネルギーを基準にしてビレット内の歪が最大となるようにビレットを加工する、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記歪エネルギーが、ビレットでの歪速度を約0.3の指数値を累乗したものによって推計される、請求項7記載の方法。
- 前記超合金が約50%以上のγ′体積分率を有する、請求項1記載の方法。
- 請求項1記載の方法で製造された加工品であって、当該加工品がガスタービンエンジンのタービンディスクであり、冷却段階後の加工品の結晶粒が約ASTM6〜8の粒径範囲に実質的に限られており、しかもASTM6〜8の平均結晶粒径を有する、加工品。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US11/379,203 US7763129B2 (en) | 2006-04-18 | 2006-04-18 | Method of controlling final grain size in supersolvus heat treated nickel-base superalloys and articles formed thereby |
| US11/379,203 | 2006-04-18 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2007284792A true JP2007284792A (ja) | 2007-11-01 |
| JP2007284792A5 JP2007284792A5 (ja) | 2012-08-30 |
| JP5554468B2 JP5554468B2 (ja) | 2014-07-23 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007108534A Expired - Fee Related JP5554468B2 (ja) | 2006-04-18 | 2007-04-17 | スーパーソルバス熱処理ニッケル基超合金の最終結晶粒径を制御する方法及び当該方法で形成される製品 |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US7763129B2 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP1847627B1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP5554468B2 (ja) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011012346A (ja) * | 2009-06-30 | 2011-01-20 | General Electric Co <Ge> | スーパーソルバス熱処理ニッケル基超合金の最終結晶粒径を制御し改善する方法 |
| JP2012046823A (ja) * | 2010-08-30 | 2012-03-08 | General Electric Co <Ge> | ニッケル−鉄基合金及びニッケル−鉄基合金を形成する方法 |
| US9598774B2 (en) | 2011-12-16 | 2017-03-21 | General Electric Corporation | Cold spray of nickel-base alloys |
| KR101862059B1 (ko) | 2016-11-29 | 2018-05-29 | 국방과학연구소 | 고강도 니켈기 초내열합금의 설계 방법 |
| JP2019504185A (ja) * | 2015-12-07 | 2019-02-14 | エイティーアイ・プロパティーズ・エルエルシー | ニッケル基合金の処理方法 |
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| CA2878711A1 (en) * | 2012-07-12 | 2014-04-17 | General Electric Company | Nickel-based superalloy, process therefor, and components formed therefrom |
| US10245639B2 (en) * | 2012-07-31 | 2019-04-02 | United Technologies Corporation | Powder metallurgy method for making components |
| CN103014633B (zh) * | 2012-12-12 | 2015-08-05 | 何霞文 | 一种带有复合陶瓷膜的金属工件的制备工艺 |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1847627B1 (en) | 2022-04-06 |
| EP1847627A2 (en) | 2007-10-24 |
| US20070240793A1 (en) | 2007-10-18 |
| EP1847627A3 (en) | 2008-10-08 |
| JP5554468B2 (ja) | 2014-07-23 |
| US7763129B2 (en) | 2010-07-27 |
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