JP2007151529A - Bottom watering system having filtration draining function on bottom watering layer capable of controlling pondage - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a simple method for bottom watering, restricted by neither pot and planter size nor installation conditions. <P>SOLUTION: The bottom watering system can control pondage of bottom watering part and has a reserving and draining functions on a filtration. Not only the bottom watering part has characteristics applicable to bottom watering of conventional limited conditions, but also, by using the bottom watering system, watering under wide and complex installation conditions and in a room and the like and control of watering pondage are made possible. And the bottom watering part can drain and is characterized by having filtration function. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a bottom irrigation system for planting, gardening, and greening various containers such as general home gardening, verandas and balconies of indoors and apartments, and rooftop greening.

  At the cultivation site of general household gardening and cultivating farmers, the bottom irrigation method using the capillary phenomenon of non-woven string or tape-like shape is currently the mainstream. However, although this method is effective under limited conditions, it does not perform well at planting sites such as pots and containers with large soil capacity for cultivation and rooftops with a large area.

  Conventional bottom surface irrigation methods using capillary action are limited to materials, conditions, and environments where the principle can be used, and irrigation strings can only be used for irrigation and irrigation only at the guided site and its surroundings. First, when the distance from the irrigation section is long and wide, it is difficult to irrigate the irrigation string or the like as a whole and irrigate it. For this reason, this conventional method has only been provided within a limited range and conditions.

  In order to sufficiently flood and irrigate a wide area using the conventional bottom surface irrigation method applying capillary action, make the strings and tapes for suction and watering thicker and longer, increase the number, widen, etc. However, the present situation is that it has not yet been fundamentally solved. If the available conditions are exceeded, a reservoir is installed on a large scale, and a number of conventional pots with a bottom irrigation function are lined up in it, or an automatic irrigation device using power is added. At present, the method of assisting irrigation is taken.

Patent Publication 2005-52128 Patent Publication 2003-102278

  There are many irrigation methods and constructions in which rainwater is stored and irrigated in large-scale plantations, from gardening for general households and rooftop planting. Most of these have rainwater reservoirs at the bottom and side of the planting, and a certain amount of rainwater is used for irrigation. According to this, in most cases, the water pressure of the rainwater layer stored in the reservoir is left to infiltrate and permeate the soil.

  Document 1 relates to bottom watering of a planter for general horticulture. There is a space where water can be stored in the non-woven bag located on the bottom of the planter, and there is a maximum water storage line at the boundary between the upper end of the non-woven bag and the culture soil. It is a condition of the bottom irrigation method. In this method, when the stored water level is lowered from the maximum water storage position, the irrigation function to the culture soil provided in the upper part is remarkably inferior, and it is difficult to maintain a sufficient function as bottom irrigation.

  Reference 2 is one of large-scale planting and tree planting methods such as roadside tree construction and highway median strips. How to install culture soil and customer soil to grow trees over a wide area such as several kilometers Because it is too expensive, create a unit made of porous concrete mixed with large porous particulate matter, and in the limited environment inside the unit, there is a culture soil and a single soil and tree for growing trees Put it in one by one and try to install this unit in a place where trees are needed, such as a median. According to this document, a rainwater reservoir is disposed at the bottom of a unit, and the accumulated rainwater is submerged from a porous concrete wall containing a porous granular material so as to irrigate a tree inside the unit pipe. .

  From general household horticulture to verandas and balconies of condominiums, indoor and rooftop greening, etc., the irrigation environment for plants is not always maintained at the place where it is intended to be installed. For this reason, a pipe with a watering hole, such as a PVC system, is placed in the culture soil to be planted, and an automatic irrigation device is installed to allow irrigation. Irrigation means such as stretching are taken.

  Some potted plants for general households and horticulture are suitable for irrigation from the bottom rather than irrigating from the top of the culture soil depending on the type, and there are many pots and planters with bottom irrigation function. Is provided. Many of these have a double structure with a water reservoir at the bottom of the pot, and from there, try to irrigate the bottom of the culture soil with a material that can be applied to strings such as non-woven fabric and tape-like capillarity. Most are things. However, this method has limitations on the size of pots and planters and the volume of culture soil. To solve this limitation, measures such as making the irrigation string thicker and longer, increasing the number, and widening the tape are taken. However, it does not lead to a fundamental solution and is currently limited to general shapes, limited size bowls and planters.

  The present invention solves these conventional problems, and is characterized by providing a simple method of irrigating the bottom surface without being limited to the size of the pots and planters and the installation environment conditions. It is about trying to provide a means to solve.

  The present invention has a feature that makes it possible to adjust the amount of water stored in the bottom irrigation section. In addition, the bottom irrigation part has functions of water storage and drainage, and also has a filtration function. By providing a filtration function, it has a feature of providing a function of filtering out drainage from the culture soil that has become over-nutritioned during drainage and draining it out of the container.

  The bottom irrigation part has a mixed layer of bottom irrigation material and filter material. In the embodiment of the present invention, charcoal or coconut charcoal is used as the filter medium. This material is not limited to this as long as it has a filtration function. Because this charcoal deteriorates in a sealed container, it has a function that enables air inflow and outflow to prevent deterioration of the filter medium from the part that combines water storage adjustment and drainage in the bottom irrigation section. It is characterized by.

  In the embodiment of the present invention, the bottom irrigation material is made of a lightweight and porous material, is rich in water retention, sucks and drains irrigation from the contact surface between the irrigation part and the culture soil part to the culture soil, and obtains auxiliary power such as power. At least watering from the system part related to the bottom watering site was made possible.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to easily provide irrigation from the bottom without using an auxiliary function such as a conventional power method or automatic irrigation device, and for greening such as power and water supply. Even if the environment is insufficient, it is possible to obtain the effect of allowing the bottom irrigation system to be introduced.

  Conventional bottom irrigation methods are mainly devised to create a reservoir layer on the bottom and side surfaces, and rely on sensors and power for irrigation from the reservoir. ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, it has the characteristic which provides the effect which enabled adjustment of bottom surface irrigation water storage volume and made it possible to determine the water storage volume to obtain. In addition, the present invention aims to provide an effect that enables irrigation from the bottom irrigation reservoir without requiring facilities such as power and auxiliary functions for irrigation.

  The present invention is characterized in that it is possible to ensure the amount of irrigation water storage and to have a function of draining excess irrigation water at the bottom, and further having a filtration function in the irrigation water storage layer, It has a function of filtering out drainage from the cultured soil through the bottom irrigation filtration mixed layer and suppressing it from flowing out of the container. By having the filtration function, if the bottom irrigation system of the present invention is introduced to gardening and greening on apartments such as detached houses and condominiums, rooftop gardening, etc., moss to drainage holes due to overdrained drainage etc. The effect of suppressing the outflow of excess nutrients, which are the cause of clogging of drains and water leakage due to the occurrence of water, is obtained.

  The bottom irrigation system layer is equipped with a storage volume adjustment unit, air inflow / outflow unit, drainage unit, mixed layer of irrigation material and filter material, and the amount of water stored in the container while each functioning in the system is transferred to the entire culture soil surface. It has the feature that the effect of irrigating can be obtained.

  It is possible to adjust the amount of irrigated water stored at the bottom, and even if the irrigation environment and facilities are insufficient, such as condominiums and rooftop greening, it is possible to ensure the necessary and sufficient amount of irrigation for the reservoir and satisfy the irrigation to plants The effect is easily obtained.

Embodiment of the Invention

  An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The dimensions, materials, materials, shapes, arrangements, and the like described in this example are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, but are merely examples for explaining the present embodiment.

  1 to 4 are described in a container type surrounded by a certain size, the present invention does not restrict the application of the bottom irrigation system of the present invention in terms of the size, shape, installation location, etc. of the container. Is possible. Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of this embodiment. Reference numeral 1 denotes a portion related to water storage amount regulation, drainage, and air inflow / outflow divided within a container. The explanation arrangement of this embodiment will be described as three places. In the description of the figure, 1 in the left and right arrangement is an explanatory diagram relating to the internal function, and 1 in the central arrangement is arranged and explained as an explanatory diagram relating to the internal structure of 1. The internal functions and the internal structure 1 shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 are simply described in the drawings, but each has the internal functions and the structure shown in FIG.

  1 in FIG. 1 has a certain degree of hardness and can maintain the internal cavity. In this embodiment, a material formed in a mesh shape of a plastic coil shape is used. This structural form is a form that prevents the intrusion of particles from the three irrigation filtration mixed material layers, and is not limited to this as long as it has the function to be provided by the present invention. When one internal structure is larger than, for example, an irrigation material or a filter medium, one body is covered with a cold chill or a nonwoven fabric from the beginning in order to prevent the mixed material from entering the inside of the one. The material for covering 1 is not limited as long as it can maintain the internal function of 1 to be provided by the present invention.

  Reference numeral 3 in FIG. 1 denotes a layer having a mixed material of the bottom irrigation material and the filter material. The two metal fittings for storing and draining disposed inside 1 have a function for adjusting the amount of stored water, and by adjusting the length, the amount of irrigation to the reservoir can be adjusted. This makes it possible to determine the bottom irrigation reservoir volume based on the relationship between the area where the irrigation system is installed and the height of the two reservoir fittings (depth of the reservoir), and the irrigation amount of the bottom irrigation reservoir can be ascertained. It was possible. The height of the 2 storage and drainage fittings can be adjusted, and we wait for the characteristics that make it possible to easily obtain the required amount of irrigated water storage by determining the installation area and the height of the 2 storage and drainage fittings. . This bottom irrigation system can be installed on the entire planting area, or can be adapted to the installation conditions such as irrigation to the required area.

  The two water storage and drainage fittings disposed inside 1 in FIG. 1 penetrate the container bottom. In order to prevent leakage of irrigation, the bottom of the container and the external penetrating part are fixed with 6 rubber packings and washers, respectively. The drainage pipe 5 is connected to this 2 to enable drainage in the container. The drainage pipe 5 is a part relating to the drainage action from the upper part of the container, and the action relating to the function enabling the inflow and outflow of air is guided from the lower part. In this embodiment, the height of the metal fitting 2 is set within the upper end of 1. This system has a feature that the system has a function of activating the filter medium charcoal and coconut charcoal that deteriorate in a sealed environment due to the inflow and outflow of air. The material of the drainage pipe 5 is not limited as long as it fulfills the function to be obtained by the present invention, such as a metallic hose made of aluminum or the like. In the case of a veranda such as a condominium or the like, it is possible to connect the drain pipe directly to the drain outlet according to the installation environment.

  The size, arrangement, installation quantity, etc. of 1 shall be adapted according to the installation environment and conditions. In some cases, the shape 1 may be integrated with the bottom surface, such as being installed or connected at intervals in the installation area. In the present example, emphasis was placed on irrigation and irrigation of 4 culture soils from the bottom surface, and a plurality of 1s were arranged at intervals. As a result, the third layer sufficiently infiltrates and absorbs moisture from the bottom of the container, and further expands the third layer to the entire upper surface of 1, thereby ensuring a larger contact surface for 4 culture soils and watering. In this way, the entire amount of irrigated water is distributed over the entire soil surface.

  1 is the proper condition for watering and water absorption from the bottom of the irrigation, such as narrowing the space when irrigating a narrow area such as a small container, narrowing the interval, 1 shortening the shape, 2 shortening the length, etc. It is preferable. Conversely, in the case of irrigation over a wide area, the interval of 1 is increased, the shape of 1 is enlarged, and in some cases, the length of the water storage / drainage adjustment fitting 2 is increased to increase the amount of stored water. Further, a method such as increasing the thickness of the three layers covering the upper part of 1 is used to adapt to the installation environment and conditions. If these methods are utilized, the bottom surface irrigation system of the present invention can be applied without being limited to installation conditions and environment.

  In general, one of the container installation conditions such as a veranda or a roof has a load problem. In order to clear this problem, lightweight materials such as artificial lightweight soil and peat moss are added to or used in the culture soil, but these are agitated in the container by the minute vibration transmission of the outdoor unit installed on the veranda. In many cases, this agitation phenomenon results in the lighter material of the mixed material inside the container floating on the culture soil, and being blown away by the influence of the wind. As a result, the weight of the container is not reduced, and materials having a high specific gravity are stacked, which causes problems such as difficulty in irrigation and drainage in addition to the problem of load. In order to adapt this bottom surface irrigation system to a veranda, rooftop, etc., and to suppress this agitation phenomenon, the bottom surface irrigation system provided by the present invention has the same specific gravity as far as the irrigation material, filter material and culture soil to be used. The material is selected so that

  The irrigation material 3 in FIG. 1 was made of artificial soil that is porous, rich in water retention, and lightweight. Moreover, in order to suppress stirring of each layer consisting of 3 and 4, it is possible to install a water-permeable sheet or the like between 3 and 4 in advance, to put each material in a bag-like shape such as a water-permeable sheet, It shall be adapted according to the installation environment and conditions. This form or material is not limited as long as it has the function.

  FIG. 2 is a diagram in which the mixed layers of the irrigation material and the filter material of the third embodiment are separated into respective layers. In the present embodiment, 3 is a mixed layer as a means for completing bottom surface irrigation and filtered drainage more easily in one system. The bottom surface irrigation system of the present invention can be an irrigation system including only a irrigation material layer and only a filtration material layer, depending on the installation environment and necessary conditions.

  FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example in which drainage and air inflow / outflow are obtained from the lateral direction when the drainage or the like of 2 cannot be obtained in the downward direction. In this embodiment, the bracket structure 2 is an extended shape, and the rising is an L-shaped shape. However, if 2 is placed within the range of 1, it has a horizontal hole at the top of the straight pipe. Even if it is a shape or the like, it is not limited to this as long as it is a shape or material that can obtain the function that the embodiment is intended to obtain. In addition, the arrangement, position, shape, etc. of 2 are related to the arrangement relationship with 1, depending on the installation environment and conditions, and the shape of 5 drainage pipes, etc. shall be appropriately arranged and installed depending on the installation environment, conditions, and conditions to be introduced. .

  FIG. 4 is an example for guiding the two extended metal fittings from four directions in the case of installation in a wider range than the conditions of the example of FIG. The extended form of 2 is determined according to the conditions, drainage position, environment, equipment, etc. to be installed. In addition, the extension shape 2 and the drainage hole shape of the metal fitting shall be adapted including the shape 1 and arrangement.

  According to the present embodiment, by providing a drainage water storage tank for receiving drainage from the lower drainage pipe, etc., the present invention can be used not only outdoors but also indoors, etc. even under conditions where the drainage environment is not maintained. The effect that a garden and greening using a bottom irrigation system can be realized is obtained.

  The present invention makes it possible to provide greening not only for general home gardening but also on the veranda and rooftop greening of condominiums, indoor gardening and greening, as well as for events related to commercial facilities and displays, etc. It is possible to provide safe new gardening for apartments and condominiums. Enables planting in environments where it is difficult to manage due to lack of facilities such as indoor irrigation and drainage of plants, and enables plant growth observation in the classroom even at educational sites such as schools To do. It is possible to provide greening to an environment that was previously considered unsuitable without being limited to the scope of horticulture, and to provide fields beyond the scope of the conventional horticulture industry.

It is sectional drawing of the bottom surface irrigation and water storage amount adjustment filtration drainage system which shows this embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the isolation | separation form of the irrigation filtration mixing layer of this embodiment FIG. It is sectional drawing of the example which guides the irrigation water storage amount adjustment function and drainage function of this embodiment to a horizontal direction. It is sectional drawing which shows the example of an extended form in the case of applying this embodiment to a wide range.

Explanation of symbols

1. Part related to storage volume adjustment, drainage, air inflow and outflow. 2. Storage capacity adjustment fitting and drainage, part related to air inflow / outflow. 3. Irrigation material filter media mixed layer 4. Culture soil 5. Drainage pipe and air inflow. Parts related to outflow

Selection diagram

FIG.

Claims (3)

  The present invention relates to a bottom irrigation system from gardening of general households to veranda gardening of condominiums and greening of rooftops. This bottom irrigation system has a water storage function at the bottom irrigation site, and the amount of stored water can be adjusted. It is related with the bottom irrigation system which can determine the irrigation water storage amount of an installation area by this function.   There are many conventional bottom irrigation systems and bottom irrigation methods in which a non-woven string or tape-like water absorbent is placed from the bottom of the bowl to the reservoir and water is applied from the reservoir by applying capillary action. . However, in these conventional methods, the irrigation conditions are limited, and it is difficult to obtain an effect that sufficiently fulfills the purpose of irrigation, such as it is difficult to irrigate a large capacity container or a large area. The present invention is a bottom irrigation system which has an irrigation reservoir and is intended to provide sufficient irrigation from the entire bottom surface irrigation reservoir to the upper surface of the soil for cultivation that is grounded to the top by a simple method. Therefore, the bottom irrigation system according to claim 1, wherein the required bottom irrigation function can be adapted to each size regardless of the size and size of the container, the installation environment, conditions, and the like.   The bottom irrigation reservoir has a filtering function and a drainage function, and has the function of filtering and adsorbing excess nutrients from the culture soil placed above the bottom irrigation reservoir and preventing it from being discharged out of the container. The drainage function unit has a function of enabling inflow and outflow of air from the outside of the container, and has a function of suppressing and activating deterioration of the filter medium in the bottom irrigation reservoir. The bottom irrigation system according to claim 2.

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