JP2007089429A - Method for producing livestock feed, and livestock feed - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for producing livestock feed comprising a new technology for utilizing woodchips having astringency of a tannin, a lignin or the like. <P>SOLUTION: The method for producing livestock feed comprises the following: a first mixing process where at least woodchips, bacillus natto and actinomyces are mixed together; an aging process where the mixture obtained in the first mixing process is aged; a second mixing process where food production wastes caused during food production are added to the aged material obtained in the aging process to be mixed together; and a fermentation process where the mixture obtained in the second mixing process is subjected to mixing/heating treatment in a fermentation device so as to sufficiently ferment the mixture. Woodchip fibers where the astringency of the tannin, the lignin or the like is degraded, and also the food production wastes leaving various nutritional components and/or taste components therein turn to feed raw material satisfactorily suitable for animals to eat, and it seems for the animals to be a great eater of the material composed of the sufficiently fermented mixture. In addition, the livestock feed is suppressed in increase of pathogenic microorganisms so as to be sanitary one. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to livestock feed for raising animals such as pigs, cows, horses or chickens, and a method for producing the same.

  It is known that when animals such as pigs, cows, horses or chickens are bred, a great odor is generated due to undegradable organic matter in manure derived from the animals. As a technique for suppressing the generation of such a bad odor, a technique for suitably composting feces or treating urine by an activated sludge method is known. However, the present inventor has developed a simpler and less expensive manure treatment method, and Patent Document 1 discloses a technique relating to an animal breeding flooring material (hereinafter referred to as a flooring material) that does not generate malodor. .

  That is, in Patent Document 1, natto bacteria are mixed with animal feces, soil, wood scraps, and strawberries, and after maturation, food production waste is added and mixed, and this is fermented to eliminate the smell of animal feces. Techniques for obtaining flooring materials are described. When this flooring material is laid in an animal breeding place, it decomposes organic matter in manure, which is a source of environmental pollution, reduces odors from manure, and does not cause environmental pollution such as river pollution and the spread of malodors. An animal can be raised.

  On the other hand, the wood which is the raw material of the wood waste has a biological defense function and a self-protection function against stress from the environment, pathogens and pests, for example, cedar and hinoki generate so-called astringency such as tannin and lignin. By doing so, the tree itself is protected from pathogenic bacteria. Even if these trees fall down and die due to wind, etc., the dead trees are less susceptible to spoilage due to astringency, and the animals do not eat, so they are not spoiled or decomposed in the forest. It remains as a social problem in the forest area.

Japanese Patent No. 3561593

  There is a need for an effective method for using astringent wood chips for such social problems, but the present inventor has eagerly studied for the purpose of further improving the floor covering material, while the animals being raised are Found to eat flooring materials. That is, since the floor covering material described in Patent Document 1 described above is obtained by sufficient fermentation, it is considered that the decomposition of astringents such as tannin and lignin contained in the wood waste is proceeding or completely decomposed. .

  The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a new utilization technique of wood waste having astringency such as tannin and lignin.

  The method for producing livestock feed according to the present invention includes a first mixing step of mixing at least wood scrap, natto and actinomycetes, an aging step of aging the mixture mixed in the first mixing step, and aging in the aging step. A second mixing step in which food production waste generated during food production is added to and mixed with the aged product, and a fermentation in which the mixture mixed in the second mixing step is subjected to a mixing heat treatment in a fermentation apparatus to sufficiently ferment the mixture. And a processing step.

  The inventors of the present invention have found that the animals raising the above-mentioned floor covering material eat, and have reached the present invention. That is, a mixture obtained by aging a mixture containing wood waste and further adding and mixing food production waste can be used as a feed for animals being bred. The reasons why animals prefer to eat this feed are as follows.

In the livestock feed produced as described above, it is considered that astringents such as tannin and lignin contained in the wood waste are decomposed, and it is presumed that there is no sense of resistance of the animals due to this astringency. Moreover, since various nutritional components and taste components remain in the food manufacturing waste, it is considered that it can be a feed material sufficient for animals to eat. Furthermore, since there is no odor produced by fermentation treatment, it is considered that animals prefer to eat. Therefore, it is considered that animals prefer to eat what has been sufficiently fermented by mixing wood waste and food manufacturing waste.
Furthermore, using trees such as fallen trees as feed as a new utilization technique can prevent devastation of the forest and is effective for forest conservation.

The first mixing step preferably further includes a step of mixing at least one selected from animal dung, soil, and straw material, and more preferably includes a step of mixing all of them.
If animal dung, soil, and straw are mixed in addition to the wood waste, the state of the microorganisms during fermentation can be made good and can be sufficiently fermented. Thereby, the feed for livestock which does not have the odor which animal droppings have and the odor which arises by a fermentation process can be obtained. Moreover, since the organic matter in manure is decomposed | disassembled and processed by natto bacteria and actinomycetes, malodor can also be reduced. Therefore, it is considered that animals prefer eating foods that have been sufficiently fermented by mixing animal dung, soil, straw and food manufacturing waste in addition to wood chips.

Moreover, the livestock feed of this invention is manufactured by the above-mentioned manufacturing method, The ammonia gas concentration contained in internal gas is 20 ppm or less, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.
Here, “no odor” means that the concentration of ammonia gas contained in the gas in the livestock feed is 20 ppm or less and does not give off an odor that humans feel unpleasant.

  Furthermore, the present inventor has discovered that a combination of natto and actinomycetes has a suppressive effect on the growth of pathogenic microorganisms that cause food poisoning and the like, leading to the present invention. That is, when a feed is produced by mixing natto and actinomycetes, the growth of pathogenic microorganisms is suppressed, and the animal feed can be raised hygienically. Moreover, since the organic matter in the mixture is decomposed and treated by natto and actinomycetes, malodor can be reduced. Here, “suppression” means antagonism or antibacterial action against pathogenic microorganisms, that is, a state in which the number of these bacteria is reduced or killed.

  The most important features of the present invention are a first mixing step for mixing at least wood chips, natto and actinomycetes, an aging step for aging the mixture mixed in the first mixing step, and an aging product ripened in the aging step. A second mixing step of adding and mixing food production waste generated during food production, and a fermentation processing step of subjecting the mixture mixed in the second mixing step to a mixing heat treatment in a fermentation apparatus to sufficiently ferment the mixture. , To have. As a result, it is considered that the fiber of waste wood, such as tannin and lignin, that has been decomposed, and the food manufacturing waste that contains various nutritional and taste ingredients can be sufficient feed materials for animals to eat. It is considered that animals prefer to eat the mixture that has been sufficiently fermented. Moreover, since a feed is produced by mixing natto and actinomycetes, it can be a livestock feed in which the growth of pathogenic microorganisms is suppressed. By using the feed for livestock as described above, a new method for using wood chips can be provided.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on the embodiments.
In the method for producing livestock feed of the present invention, a first mixing step of mixing at least wood chips, natto and actinomycetes, and a mixture mixed in the first mixing step are aged in an atmosphere having a relative humidity of 60 to 80%. A ripening step, a second mixing step of adding and mixing food production waste generated during food production to the ripened product ripened in this ripening step, and a mixture mixed in this second mixing step in a fermenter 60-65 And a fermentation treatment step in which a mixed heat treatment is performed at a temperature of ° C to sufficiently ferment the mixture. The first mixing step further includes a step of mixing animal dung, soil, and straw material.

  More specifically, livestock feed is 17 to 23 parts by weight of humus soil, 17 to 23 parts by weight of animal feces, 17 to 23 parts by weight of black soil, 8 to 12 parts by weight of wood waste, 8 to 12 parts by weight of straw, and 20 to 20 parts of straw. 30 parts by weight and a predetermined amount of Bacillus natto and actinomycetes are mixed, provided that the predetermined amount of Bacillus natto is 100,000 to 1,000,000,000 as the number of bacteria per 1 kg of the total mixture, and then the mixture Is left to age for 20-30 days in an atmosphere of 60-80% relative humidity, after which 40-60 parts by weight of food manufacturing waste generated during food production is added, and the mixture is fermented at 60-65 ° C. The mixture is heat-treated at a temperature of 5 to fully ferment, and the animal has no odor and no odor produced by the fermentation process. The number of actinomycetes will be described later. Here, the ammonia gas concentration contained in the “no odor” internal gas is 20 ppm or less, which means a situation in which human beings feel unpleasant.

Here, the straw material means any rice cake-like plant material derived from other rice plants, etc. in addition to rice straw, wheat straw, rice straw, etc., preferably rice straw or wheat straw These brazing materials are generally used after being cut to a length of about 5 to 30 cm, for example.
The straw material is a siliceous, strong tissue component and hollow fiber material, and can fix natto and soil fungi on the surface and the inner surface of the tube, making it an optimal material for livestock feed. One.

In addition, natto bacteria are aerobic bacteria and have good compatibility with cocoons, such as fats, proteins, carbohydrates, urea, ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, animal and vegetable oils, etc. Degradation is accelerated. In addition, the fiber of the straw component is eventually decomposed into carbon dioxide gas, which is released to the outside air at the same time as the air in the livestock feed, thus maintaining the aerobic conditions in the livestock feed. The soil fungi and natto bacteria are also active.
Here, the amount of straw used at the time of production of livestock feed needs to be about 20% or more per unit weight of livestock feed, but about 30% or less is desirable for balance with other materials. However, since the bran material is excellent in heat retention, it may be added at low temperatures.

As the humus, for example, commercially available humus or homemade humus is used.
In general, any animal feces can be used as the animal feces, but herbivore feces are preferred, and fresh cow feces are particularly preferred. In addition to a large amount of anaerobic bacteria and protozoa in the animal feces, there are about 1,000 fungi, especially 10 to 100 billion anaerobic bacteria per ml of intestinal feces. In addition to 10,000 to 1,000,000 ciliates (protozoa), there are about 1,000 fungi, which break down the feed consumed by cattle. And cow dung is in a state where organic matter is very easily decomposed, and organic matter that is easily decomposed in feces is rapidly decomposed by fungi. It is necessary for the feces having the above characteristics to be used in combination with other materials in order to decompose organic matter in order to maintain efficient performance.
In general, any soil can be used as the soil, but loam such as black soil is preferably used.

  As wood waste, any wood waste can be used as long as it is fine wood chips, but cedar wood sawdust and hinoki sawdust having astringency such as tannin and lignin are preferably used for forest conservation. The technique of laying wood chips and chips in a barn, absorbing urine and moisture, mixing them with feces, and making organic compost is established as a known technique. Also in this invention, it is preferable to use it as a moisture adjusting material so that it may become about 10% or more as a ratio contained in livestock feed. When using a raw material with a high water content, a large amount is used.

As rice bran, rice hulls produced at the time of rice milling, such as seed coats, outer endosperm, etc. produced when cereals are polished, are preferably used. It is desirable to use about 8 to 12% of persimmon. Rice bran is rich in seed coat and germ powder, fat, protein, and vitamins that can be picked when brown rice is milled. In addition, many microorganisms belonging to the genus Microbacteria are reproduced in the cocoon, and the lactic acid bacteria belonging to the genus Microbacteria are aerobic Gram-positive bacteria and do not form spores. Lactic acid bacteria belonging to the genus Microbacteria are excellent in preventing the growth of harmful microorganisms and maintaining the balance of intestinal bacteria with an intestinal regulating action, and also serve to suppress the smell of manure. In addition, anaerobic bacteria that prefer anaerobic conditions also grow in the lactic acid bacteria of the anther. Since anaerobic lactic acid bacteria have a denitrification ability to decompose ammonia into nitrogen gas, it is important to grow lactic acid bacteria in livestock feed.
Therefore, it is important to use straw for livestock feed.

Examples of the food production waste generated during the production of food include vegetable waste produced during the production of fermented foods produced through fermentation processes such as shochu and pickles, waste liquid, and molasses produced during sugar production. As described above, these materials are humus 17-23 parts by weight, animal feces 17-23 parts by weight, soil 17-23 parts by weight, wood chips 8-12 parts by weight, as described above 8 to 12 parts by weight of 糠 is mixed and mixed, and 40 to 60 parts by weight of the waste generated during food production is added to and mixed with the aged mixture thus produced. In the present invention, these blending ratios are such that the microorganisms originally contained in these materials and the natto bacteria added from the outside grow smoothly during the aging and mixing heat treatment, and the organic matter in the mixture is satisfied. It was decided to ferment.
The humus soil, animal dung, soil, wood scraps and straw are used as they are in the normal condition without being dried and not containing special moisture. This means the blending ratio for those that are in a state.

Although a small amount of natto may be added, 1 kg of fermented livestock feed, that is, 17-23 parts by weight of humus soil, 17-23 parts by weight of animal feces, 17-23 parts by weight of soil, 8-12 parts by weight of wood waste, and cocoon 8 150,000-300,000 are preferable with respect to 1 kg of the mixed material (84-93 weight part) which consists of -12 weight part. For example, a diluted solution of a purely cultured Bacillus natto spore dispersion containing 1 to 100,000,000 Bacillus natto bacteria in 1 ml thereof is used. It is preferable to add 100,000 to 1,000,000,000 of this Bacillus natto diluted solution as the number of bacteria per 1 kg of livestock feed.
As the soil used in the present invention, any kind of soil can be generally used, but loam rich in soil fungi is preferable, and so-called black soil (black poca) is particularly preferable.

Next, a method for producing livestock feed will be described.
(First mixing step)
(1) First, the prepared brazing material is cut into, for example, about 5 to 30 cm.
(2) Next, the above-mentioned bran material is added at the above-mentioned blending ratio to the blend of the above-mentioned blending ratio of humus, animal dung, wood scrap, soil, rice cake, natto and actinomycetes at the above-mentioned blending ratio. Mix thoroughly until homogeneous.

(Aging process)
(3) Next, the mixture thus produced is aged for 20 to 30 days in an atmosphere having a temperature of 15 to 60 ° C. and a relative humidity of 60 to 80%.
Exposing the mixture to such an atmosphere is accomplished, for example, by covering the mixture with a vinyl sheet on the ground. The aging here means that various bacteria sufficiently act and the aging temperature becomes about 60 ° C., and is carried out in order for the various bacteria to sufficiently decompose the organic matter.
(Second mixing step)
(4) To the matured product after ripening, food production waste generated during food production such as shochu waste liquid, pickled waste liquid or molasses is added in the above ratio, and this mixture is put into a fermenter, The waste product may be added to the fermented apparatus after the aged product has been charged.

(Fermentation process)
(5) The mixture charged into the fermentation apparatus is heated and treated at a temperature of 60 to 65 ° C. for 3 to 3.5 hours, for example, while stirring and mixing, whereby the fermentation of organic matter in the mixture is completed. In order to remove the malodor of the fermentation gas generated during this treatment, the fermentation gas is preferably released into the atmosphere after being subjected to ozone treatment or biological deodorization treatment by being drawn into a duct.
(6) Finally, the feed for livestock of the present invention is obtained by taking out the fermentation product after the mixed heat treatment from the fermenter and allowing it to cool.

Next, examples of the present invention will be described in detail.
Example 1
First, the prepared rice straw is cut to about 5 to 30 cm. Next, 20 kg of the rice bran was added to a mixture in which 20 kg of humus soil, 20 kg of cow dung, 10 kg of sawdust, 20 kg of black soil, 10 kg of rice bran, and about 2 billion natto bacteria and soil bacteria that had been matured were mixed together. Until the whole mixture became homogeneous.
Next, the resulting mixture was covered with a vinyl sheet on the ground for 30 days at room temperature to 40 ° C. and 60 to 80% relative humidity, thereby aging the mixture. .

50 kg of shochu waste liquor is added to the whole ripened product, and this mixture is put into an SN type fermenter manufactured by Tenjin Seisakusho (limited company), and this mixture is stirred and mixed at a temperature of 60 ° C. The organic matter in the mixture was sufficiently fermented by heat treatment for 3 hours. The fermentation gas generated during this treatment was drawn into a duct to be subjected to ozone treatment or biological deodorization treatment, and then released into the atmosphere.
The fermented product taken out from the fermenter after the mixed heat treatment was allowed to cool to obtain the livestock feed of the present invention. The livestock feed produced in this way was easy to handle without the odors of cow dung, shochu waste liquor, etc. used as the raw material, nor the odors produced by fermentation treatment. The concentration of ammonia gas contained in the gas in the livestock feed was 20 ppm or less.

When the feed for livestock was fed as a feed in a pig house, the pigs preferred it and therefore was suitable as a feed. Further, the livestock feed of the present invention was considered to be rich in fiber compared with general feed, and the odor of manure after eating by the pig was reduced.
In addition, when 200 pigs / 240m ² (10 paddocks) were raised in a pig house, 100 m were shipped in 6 months, but 2m ³ of the floor covering material (livestock feed) was newly supplied during this period. Therefore, more than 10 liters / head / month of bedding material (livestock feed) has been eaten by pigs. In this way, it is presumed that even if normal feed is fed, pigs prefer to eat bedding material (livestock feed).

Furthermore, the livestock feed was used as a flooring material in a pig house as follows. For one pigs that are kept in piggery, spread the bedding material in an amount of about 1.0 m ³ in the vertical 1.3 m × horizontal 1.3 m × rectangular size of height 0.6 m, pigsty floors Laid.
On this floor covering material (livestock feed), 3 kg of feces and urine per day, that is, a total of 6 kg of feces and urine was added to each pig, and the components of the floor covering material after fermentation were analyzed. The analytical values are shown in Table 1.

  Throughout the year, the internal temperature of the pig house was from room temperature to 40 ° C., the surface humidity of the pig laying material (livestock feed) was 60 to 80%, and the internal humidity was 40 to 90%. In order to eliminate the mudiness due to manure, the flooring material was made uniform once a week and the flooring material was sprinkled from time to time to maintain its surface humidity at 50-60%. As a result of such treatment, the manure was fermented by the flooring material, and the organic matter in the manure was decomposed, resulting in a reduction in odor intensity.

(Example 2)
The pigs were fed as feed in the pig house except that 20 kg of wheat straw was used instead of 20 kg of rice straw used in Example 1 and 20 kg of molasses was used instead of 50 kg of shochu waste liquid. I like it.

(Example 3)
In the same manner as in Example 1, first, rice straw is cut into about 5 to 30 cm. Next, 9 lots of 10 kg mixture consisting of 2 kg of humus soil, 2 kg of cow dung, 1 kg of sawdust, 2 kg of black soil, 1 kg of rice bran and 2 kg of rice bran were prepared, and a diluted solution of purely cultured natto bacteria for each lot of the mixture The following addition amounts of the respective sections were added and mixed with each other, and sufficiently stirred and mixed until the entire mixture became homogeneous.

  The amount of the diluted solution of the purely cultured Bacillus natto spore dispersion is 100,000 to 1,000,000,000 as the number of bacteria per 1 kg of each mixture composed of humus, cow dung, sawdust, black soil, rice bran, and rice straw. 000 pieces were divided into 9 sections and added to each of the 9 lots. That is, for each mixture (1 kg), the first section: 100,000 pieces, the second section: 500,000 pieces, the third section: 1,000,000 pieces, the fourth section: 5,000,000 pieces , 5th section: 10,000,000 pieces, 6th section: 50,000,000 pieces, 7th section: 100,000,000 pieces, 8th section: 500,000,000 pieces, 9th section: 1 1,000,000,000 were added and mixed with stirring.

Next, each mixture thus obtained is covered with a vinyl sheet on the ground to be exposed to an atmosphere of room temperature to 40 ° C. and 60 to 80% relative humidity for 30 days, thereby aging each mixture. I let you.
Add 5kg each of molasses to each matured product after aging, and put these mixtures into an SN type fermenter manufactured by Tenjin Seisakusho (limited company). The organic substance in the mixture was sufficiently fermented by heat treatment at a temperature of 3 hours. The fermentation gas generated during this treatment was drawn into a duct to be subjected to ozone treatment or biological deodorization treatment, and then released into the atmosphere.

  After completion of the mixed heat treatment, each fermentation product taken out from the fermenter was allowed to cool to obtain livestock feed. Each livestock feed produced in this way was easy to handle without the odor of the cow dung etc. used as the raw material thereof, nor the odor generated by the fermentation treatment.

  When the feed for livestock produced in each of the above-mentioned districts was fed as feed in the piggery, the pigs preferred to eat, so that it was suitable as a feed in any district. Further, the livestock feed of the present invention was considered to be rich in fiber compared with general feed, and the odor of manure after eating by the pig was reduced.

  Furthermore, the livestock feed of the present invention carries actinomycetes for suppressing the growth of pathogenic microorganisms. That is, natto and actinomycetes are used as growth inhibitors for pathogenic microorganisms. Streptomyces genus etc. are mentioned as actinomycetes. The livestock feed can be mixed and supported with natto and actinomycetes in the first mixing step, or can be used by spraying and supporting a liquid material containing these. Examples of pathogenic microorganisms include enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157, Salmonella, Staphylococcus aureus and the like that are particularly known as causative agents of insectivorous toxins. Examples will be described below.

Example 4
(1) Preparation of livestock feed As a livestock feed, cedar sawdust (wood waste) having a thickness of approximately 60 cm is used as a growth inhibitor, and various test bacteria culture solutions are used in the following test areas. 10 ³ to 10 ¹² / g, actinomycetes added and mixed bacteria genus Streptomyces such that the 10 ³ to 10 ⁷ / g, 3-7 days, humidity of 50% to 90% of the state Left at rest.
A: Cedar sawdust + Bacillus natto
B: Cedar sawdust + actinomycetes C: Cedar sawdust + natto fungi + actinomycetes After this, about 100 g was sampled at a position of about 20 cm in depth from the surface layer of each of these mixtures, and the growth inhibition test for the following pathogenic microorganisms A sample was prepared.

(2) Enterohemorrhagic E. coli O157
Human-derived isolate EHEC O157: H7 [VT1-producing type (strain producing verotoxin type 1)] was used. Enrichment was performed using Bacto-casitone medium (Bacto-casitone: 10 g, NaCl: 5 g, Yeast extract: 3 g, Agar: 3 g / L, pH 7.0).

(3) Salmonella
Salmonella typhimurium IFO 13245 type culture was used. Enrichment was performed using a brilliant green agar medium.

(4) Staphylococcus aureus egharak, a human-derived isolate. Enrichment was performed using a normal nutrient agar medium.

(5) Growth inhibition test of pathogenic microorganisms 100 ml of a nutrient broth medium was added to a 300 ml Erlenmeyer flask and plugged. This was autoclaved at 121 ° C. for 15 minutes. Aseptically, 10 g of each of Samples A to C was added, and accumulation shaking culture was performed at 35 ° C. and 60 rpm for 2 days. To this, pathogenic microorganisms (enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157, Salmonella, Staphylococcus aureus) were added to 1 × 10 ³ CFU (colony forming units) / ml, respectively, and 0, 12, 24, 36, Hold for 48 hours. The culture solution was sampled, spread on an agar medium while performing a dilution layer operation, cultured at 30 ° C. for 24 hours, and the number of appearing colonies was counted. The test results are shown in Table 2 as logarithmic values (viable cells (log 10 CFU / ml)) of CFU per ml of culture solution.

In sample A, Escherichia coli O157 and Salmonella proliferated, and the growth inhibitory effect on S. aureus was unclear. That is, when Bacillus natto was used alone, the growth inhibitory effect could not be confirmed.
Sample B was confirmed to have an inhibitory effect on the growth of Escherichia coli O157, but the same effect was not apparent for Salmonella and Staphylococcus aureus. That is, when actinomycetes were used alone, a growth inhibitory effect covering three types of pathogenic microorganisms could not be confirmed. In addition, although the antagonistic action of some pathogenic microorganisms by actinomycetes alone is generally known, according to this general knowledge, the effects of three types of pathogenic microorganisms can be covered as in this test. It is not a thing.

  Here, the growth of sample C was suppressed in all of Escherichia coli O157, Salmonella, and Staphylococcus aureus, and the growth inhibitory effect was confirmed for all three types of pathogenic microorganisms. Therefore, the combination of natto and actinomycetes is presumed to have a synergistic effect on the growth inhibitory action due to the balance of these bacteria. Moreover, in such a situation, it is surmised that the microbiota of useful bacteria in the livestock feed is maintained in a well-balanced state.

(6) Antibacterial activity test against pathogenic microorganisms Antibacterial activity was measured by the paper disk method. As test bacteria, enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157, Salmonella, and Staphylococcus aureus were used. 100 ml of a nutrient broth medium was added to a 300 ml Erlenmeyer flask, and a cotton plug was capped. This was autoclaved at 121 ° C. for 15 minutes. Aseptically, 10 g of each of Samples B and C was added and cultured with shaking at 35 ° C. and 60 rpm. Sampling the culture broth, adding this culture broth to a paper disc (ADVANTEC, diameter 8 mm), culturing at 30 ° C. for 15 hours, confirming the presence or absence of inhibition circles appearing around the paper disc The diameter of the circle was measured. As media for pour, enterohemorrhagic E. coli O157 used Bacto-casitone, Salmonella used brilliant green agar, and Staphylococcus aureus used Vogel Johnson agar.
The above test results are shown in Table 3.

なお、判定として、「−」は抗菌性が無く、以下抗菌性があるものとして、「＋」は径が８ｍｍ以上１１ｍｍ未満、「＋＋」は径が１１ｍｍ以上１３ｍｍ未満、「＋＋＋」は径が１３ｍｍ以上１５ｍｍ未満、「＋＋＋＋」は径が１５ｍｍ以上とした。

In addition, as a judgment, “−” indicates that there is no antibacterial property, hereinafter “antibacterial”, “+” indicates a diameter of 8 mm or more and less than 11 mm, “++” indicates a diameter of 11 mm or more and less than 13 mm, and “++++” indicates a diameter. 13 mm or more and less than 15 mm, and “++++” had a diameter of 15 mm or more.

In sample B, the growth of Escherichia coli O157 was suppressed and antibacterial activity was confirmed, but the antibacterial effect was not obvious for Salmonella and Staphylococcus aureus. That is, similarly to the test described above (Table 2), when actinomycetes were used alone, the growth inhibitory effect covering three types of pathogenic microorganisms could not be confirmed.
In the sample C, a blocking circle was formed in any of E. coli O157, Salmonella, and Staphylococcus aureus, and a high antibacterial effect was confirmed, as in the test described above (Table 2).

From the above, in this antibacterial test, an antibacterial effect was confirmed against all three types of pathogenic microorganisms. Therefore, the combination of natto and actinomycetes is presumed to have a synergistic antibacterial action due to the balance of these bacteria.
In addition, although it is set as the test which uses cedar sawdust as a raw material of flooring material in a present Example, the same effect can be anticipated also in the livestock feed manufactured in Examples 1-3.

(Example 5)
The samples A, B, and C tested in Example 4 were evaluated for safety using medaka (Oryzias latipes). This safety evaluation method is shown below.
100 ml of a nutrient broth medium was added to a 300 ml Erlenmeyer flask, and a cotton plug was capped. This was autoclaved at 121 ° C. for 15 minutes. Aseptically, 10 g of each of samples A, B, and C was added, and integrated shaking culture was performed at 35 ° C. and 60 rpm for 2 days.
In addition, 200 ml of sterilized water is added to a 300 ml beaker, and the above-described integrated shaking culture solution is added to a final concentration of 10% (sample A), 4% (sample C), or 1% (sample B). Added. Two medaka fish were put into this and follow-up was performed until 72 hours later. Further, as a control, a confirmation test was similarly performed only on cedar sawdust generally used as a flooring material.

  The test results showed that, in the control group of only cedar sawdust as a control, all medakas died after 24 hours, but any of samples A, B, and C grew without problems even if they were raised up to 72 hours. It was confirmed that the sample was safe, that is, the livestock feed to which natto and actinomycetes were added was an aggregate of highly safe microorganisms. Therefore, this livestock feed does not adversely affect the natural environment, and animals can be bred with peace of mind.

(Example 6)
A livestock feed prepared by adding wood materials such as wood chips to sample C of Example 4 was prepared, and about 1 m ³ of livestock feed per pig in the barn 10 was 1.3 m long by 1.3 m wide. It was expanded to a size of a rectangular parallelepiped with a height of 0.6 m and used as a floor covering material. On this floor covering material (livestock feed), 3 kg of feces and urine per day, that is, about 6 kg in total, was added to each pig and subjected to fermentation treatment. In addition, water was occasionally sprinkled on the flooring material in order to maintain the surface humidity at 50% to 60%. As described above, a floor covering material containing fermented manure and having an appropriate moisture state was obtained. As a result of analyzing pathogenic microorganisms for the wastewater washed with 5 liters of water collected 100 g of this flooring material, all of Escherichia coli O157, Salmonella and Staphylococcus aureus were negative.

  As described above, if a feed for livestock is produced by mixing natto and actinomycetes (Streptomyces) in the first mixing step, the feed for livestock can be raised in a sanitary manner. Moreover, since the organic matter in the mixture is decomposed and treated by natto and actinomycetes, malodor can be reduced. By using the feed for livestock as described above, it becomes a new utilization method of wood waste having astringency such as tannin and lignin. The same effect can be expected when actinomycetes are mixed not only in the first mixing step but also in any step and after any step.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can be widely used as a livestock feed using wood waste and as an animal breeding technique using this livestock feed.

Claims (3)

  A first mixing step of mixing at least wood chips, natto and actinomycetes, an aging step of aging the mixture mixed in the first mixing step, and a food manufacturing waste generated during food production in the ripened product ripened in the aging step A second mixing step in which the product is added and mixed, and a fermentation treatment step in which the mixture mixed in the second mixing step is subjected to a mixed heat treatment in a fermentation apparatus to sufficiently ferment the mixture. A method for producing livestock feed.   The method for producing livestock feed according to claim 1, wherein the first mixing step further includes a step of mixing at least one selected from animal feces, soil, and straw.   A livestock feed obtained by the method for producing livestock feed according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the concentration of ammonia gas contained in the internal gas is 20 ppm or less.