KR101376283B1 - Feed additives comprising extract of horseradish and spent mushroom substrate for reducing malodor of livestock excretion - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a mixed composition of horseradish and mushroom cultivation waste medium to suppress the generation of odors of manure and manure by adding to a mixed feed fed to a breeding animal, and more specifically, the mixed feed to which the mixed composition is added By adding the composition of horseradish and mushroom waste medium to the blended feed, hunger phenomenon due to lack of fiber content in existing feed, constipation due to lack of variance, abnormal fermentation due to lack of fiber to enter the large intestine, and various stress To improve the digestibility by improving the problems caused by lowering immunity, and to suppress the generation of odors of manure and manure by the effect of sterilization, insecticidal effect and carcinogen activity by horseradish components and the compound feed added to the composition It is about. Using the feed additive composition according to the present invention can reduce the malodorous substances of livestock manure 15-25%.

Description

Feed additives comprising extract of horseradish and spent mushroom substrate for reducing malodor of livestock excretion

The present invention relates to a feed additive composition for reducing manure malodor including wasabi and mushroom cultivation waste medium.

Odor from livestock manure is one of the detrimental factors around the livestock house. The odor of livestock manure is also related to the health of the livestock. Livestock is healthy only when normal fermentation takes place in the large intestine and increases digestibility. If the fermentation in the large intestine does not cause lactic acid fermentation by lactic acid bacteria or the like, pathogenic microorganisms multiply and toxins are produced. Increasing the concentration of toxins produced by pathogenic microorganisms lowers the activity of the intestinal mucosa, and in severe cases, the intestinal mucosa may be necrotic and cause disease.

In order to lower the vitality of pathogenic microorganisms and increase the vitality of lactic acid bacteria, it is necessary to provide a substrate that is well utilized by lactic acid bacteria. The higher the vitality of lactic acid bacteria, the lower volatile fatty acids such as acetic acid, propionic acid, and butyric acid, which are used as energy sources for intestinal epithelial cells, are increased. Compounds such as indole, skatole, phenol and p-cresol increase. For this reason, research is being conducted to provide substrates required by lactic acid bacteria for improving livestock productivity and eco-friendly livestock.

Feed costs account for about 60-70% of total production costs. This fact indicates that feed costs are excessive in pig production, and the livestock industry has devised ways to use organic by-products to reduce the share of feed costs.

Korean Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2011-0044641 discloses a method of preparing a blended feed in which the blending ratio of sweet rice is adjusted to suppress the generation of malodor in a breeding animal, and Korean Patent No. 218,977 includes horseradish peroxidase. Additives for feed and drinking water are disclosed to improve stress resistance and immunity in animals.

Wasabi is a perennial plant belonging to Cryciferae, whose name is Wasabia japonica / koreana. Common names are horseradish or wasabi, and there are also horseradish (Armoracia rusticana). Nose irritant is used to remove fishy fishy smell, fish appetite, vitamin B1 synthesis, beta amylase activity promotion, antibacterial activity, antioxidant activity has been found.

Peroxidase, which is included in horseradish, is an enzyme present in various organisms such as microorganisms, fungi, and plants, and serves to oxidize aromatic organic compounds. These peroxidases exist in the form of several isozymes in higher plants and indole oxidation, polysaccharide cross-reaction, lignination, phenolic compounds oxidation, wounded pathogen infection It is an important enzyme that regulates resistance to and growth and differentiation of cells.

In addition, Korean Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2009-0065428 discloses a method for producing a fermentation forage for livestock using mushroom by-product (waste medium) as a main raw material.

Mushrooms cultivated nationwide are oyster mushrooms, matsutake mushrooms, enoki mushrooms, mushroom mushrooms, ganoderma lucidum mushrooms, and situation mushrooms. Various mushrooms are produced. have. The annual amount of waste medium in Korea was about 1.76 million M / T, with 40.2% of oyster mushroom waste medium, 34.7% of oyster mushroom waste medium, and 18.9% of matsutake mushroom medium. (Kim et al., 2007, Korean Journal of Animal Science and Technology 49 (1): 79-88)

Conventionally discharged mushroom cultivation waste medium has been used almost as compost for recycling and as a moisture control agent in some compost manufacture. Since the amount of waste medium continues to increase every year, the waste medium has recently been used as a method for treating waste medium.

However, raw materials such as sawdust, which is a major component of mushroom cultivation waste media, have low digestibility of carnivores, making them difficult to be used for feed, resulting in structural changes of fibrous material by incorporating mycelium in mushroom cultivation to improve digestion of carcasses. In order to make the study is also being conducted in parallel.

The mycelium of mushrooms is not only able to directly degrade lignin, but also has the ability to break down the bond between lignin and cellulose, and the protein content of the mycelium is known to be a good nutrient source of about 52%.

Techniques to reduce the odor of manure by adding a mixed composition of horseradish and mushroom waste medium to the feed is not known until now, the inventions are merely used as a recycling method of waste medium.

In this regard, it is required to develop a feed that can more effectively reduce the odor of manure.

As a result of the intensive efforts of the present inventors under such technical background, the present inventors have completed the present invention.

An object of the present invention is to provide a feed additive composition of wasabi and mushroom waste medium that can reduce the concentration of malodorous substances in the manure.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a compound feed comprising the feed additive composition.

According to one aspect of the invention, there may be provided a feed additive composition for reducing manure malodorous substances including wasabi and mushroom culture waste medium.

According to one embodiment, the mushroom cultivation waste medium may be one or more selected from the group consisting of oyster mushroom, enoki mushroom, matsutake mushroom, mushroom mushroom cultivation waste medium.

According to one embodiment, the malodorous substance may be at least one selected from the group consisting of phenol, p-cresol, indole and skatol.

According to one embodiment, the manure may be one or more manure selected from the group consisting of dogs, cats, poultry (including chicken) and pigs.

According to another aspect of the present invention, a compound feed comprising the feed additive composition may be provided.

According to one embodiment, the feed addition composition may be 0.01 ~ 0.5% by weight, horseradish culture medium is 0.1 ~ 5% by weight relative to the total weight.

According to one embodiment, the feed addition composition may be 0.03% by weight of horseradish, 0.5% by weight of mushroom culture waste medium relative to the total weight.

The present invention is to add the composition was mixed with horseradish and mushroom waste medium to the blended feed hunger phenomenon due to lack of fiber content in the existing compound feed, constipation due to lack of variance, abnormal fermentation due to lack of fiber to enter the large intestine, various Digestion can be improved due to the decrease in immunity due to stress, and the generation of odors of manure or manure can be suppressed by effects such as bactericidal, insecticidal effect, and carcinogen inhibitory effect by horseradish components. By using the feed additive composition of the present invention can reduce the malodorous substances of livestock manure 15-25%.

Figure 1 shows the concentration of malodorous substances (p-cresol, skatole) after horseradish feeding in finishing pigs.
Figure 2 shows the concentration of malodorous substances (indoles) in manure after horseradish feeding.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail.

The present invention relates to a feed additive composition for reducing odor substances of manure, the feed additive composition of the present invention is characterized in that it comprises horseradish and mushroom culture waste medium.

Justice

As used herein, the term "odor material" means any substance that may cause discomfort to humans included in livestock manure or urine, and examples thereof include phenol, p-cresol, indole and skatole. .

The slurry of the present invention means a mixture of livestock manure and urine.

Wasabi used in the present invention was Wasabia as a cruciferous plant koreana , Wasabia japonica , Armoracia rusticana (horseradish) may be one or more selected from the group consisting of.

In addition, wasabi used in the present invention may be one or more sites selected from the group consisting of leaves, fruits, flowers, stems and roots, preferably may be leaves or roots.

Mushroom cultivation waste medium used in the present invention may be one or more selected from the group consisting of oyster mushroom, enoki mushroom, matsutake mushroom and mushroom mushroom waste medium, preferably may be a mushroom mushroom medium.

The mushroom cultivation waste medium has a common point that contains a lot of fiber (NDF, ADF, lignin), but the main ingredients, such as sawdust, rice straw, etc., depending on the type of cultivation mushroom and cultivation method, the fibrous material in the feed process Further chemical or biological treatments may be added to improve the digestibility of the.

According to one aspect of the invention, there may be provided a feed additive composition for reducing manure malodorous substances including wasabi and mushroom culture waste medium.

According to one embodiment, the mushroom cultivation waste medium may be one or more selected from the group consisting of oyster mushroom, enoki mushroom, matsutake mushroom and mushroom mushroom cultivation waste medium.

According to one embodiment, the malodorous substance may be at least one selected from the group consisting of phenol, p-cresol, indole and skatol.

The present invention provides a method of reducing malodor by reducing the generation of malodorous substances in animal feed and urine without inhibiting feed intake by controlling the selection and mixing ratio of horseradish and mushroom cultivation waste medium. The breeding animal is not limited in kind, but may be manure of pigs, poultry (including chickens), dogs or cats.

According to one embodiment, the manure may be manure of a pig.

According to another aspect of the present invention, a compound feed comprising the feed additive composition may be provided.

According to one embodiment, the feed addition composition may be 0.01 ~ 0.5% by weight, horseradish culture medium is 0.1 ~ 5% by weight relative to the total weight.

At this time, if the wasabi is less than 0.01% by weight, it is not preferable because there is no odor reduction effect on the livestock manure, when it exceeds 0.5% by weight the flavor of horseradish is strong and the feeding rate of the livestock is lowered is not preferable. not.

In addition, when the mushroom cultivation waste medium is less than 0.1% by weight, it is not preferable because there is no odor reduction effect on the livestock manure, when it exceeds 5% by weight also lower the feeding rate of the livestock, It is not desirable because it affects.

According to one embodiment, the feed addition composition mixed wasabi and mushroom cultivation waste medium can be added to the mixed feed for breeding animals, 0.03% by weight of horseradish, 0.5% by weight mushroom cultivation waste medium added to the total feed weight can do.

According to one embodiment, the feed addition composition may be 0.01% by weight of horseradish, 0.5% by weight mushroom culture waste medium to the total weight.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples. However, the following examples are illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

Example  1. Concentration of odorous substances in pig To reduction  Effect of Wasabi Wasabi

1. Experimental Method

Test feed supplemented with 0.1% horseradish was taken from the pig's anus after 5 days of feeding to piglets and repeated four times. After harvesting, store the sample at -20 ℃ and thaw it, and then mix 10g of powder with 100mL of waste medium and feed it with no added wasabi to the concentration of malodorous substances (p-cresol, skatole). Comparative analysis with one control.

2. Experimental results

As shown in FIG. 1, the concentration of p-cresol was reduced by 70% to 0.43 ppm in horseradish than 0.43 ppm in the control. Scatol concentration was detected 0.31 ppm in the control, but was not detected in horseradish. Therefore, when the test feed supplemented with horseradish 0.1% relative to the total feed weight, it was determined that the effect of inhibiting the generation of p-cresol and scatol, which are odorous substances, was higher than that of the control.

Example  2. pork min or Urinary  Odor Concentration To reduction  Effect of Wasabi Wasabi

1. Experimental Method

The test feed supplemented with horseradish 0.03% by weight was equally fed to pigs at 3% of body weight.

Pigs' urine and urine were collected from the metabolism cage by starch extraction.The collected ones were stored at -20 ° C, and after thawing, 10g of flour and 100mL of medium were prepared to prepare a dilution solution. ) Was compared with the control group fed the wasabi-free diet.

2. Experimental results

As shown in Figure 2, the indole concentration of urine was reduced by 66% to 1.19 ppm in wasabi than 3.49 ppm of the control. Indole concentrations of manure were 52% lower than 1.57 ppm in wasabi compared to 2.57 ppm in control. Therefore, when the test feed supplemented with horseradish 0.03% of the total feed weight was judged that the effect of inhibiting the generation of indole, a malodorous substance in manure, was higher than that of the control by the components of wasabi.

Example  3. Odor substances in pig manure To decrease the concentration  Mad horseradish and mushroom cultivation Waste badge  Mixed composition pay effect

1. Experimental Method

Test feed containing 0.03% of horseradish, 0.5% of enoki mushroom medium, and test feed of 0.03% of horseradish and 0.5% of mushroom mushroom medium At the same level, the test period was 14 days for the preliminary test and 4 days for the main test, and was repeated four times.

Pig's minutes and urine were collected from the metabolism cage by starch method, and the collected ones were stored at -20, and after thawing, the whole amount of minutes and urine was mixed to control the concentration of odorous substances (phenol, p-cresol, indole, scartol). Comparative analysis with.

2. Experimental results

Table 1 is a measurement table of odor-reducing substance feeding effect on the reduction of odorous substance concentration in pig manure.

Control Wasabi Enoki mushroom waste medium Wasabi
+ Enoki Mushroom
Waste badge  phenol   2.57 (100)  1.97 (77)   2.50 (97)  2.56 (99)  p-cresol 106.63 (100) 96.24 (90) 110.03 (103) 90.29 (85)  Phenols (phenol + p-cresol) 109.20 (100) 98.21 (90) 112.53 (103) 92.85 (85)  Indole   1.11 (100)  0.79 (71)   1.27 (115)  1.12 (101)  Skatol   1.74 (100)  1.81 (104)   1.43 (82)  1.12 (64)  Indoles (Indole + Scarlet)  2.85 (100)  2.60 (91)  2.71 (95)  2.24 (79) Average 100 87.2 99.2 85.5

(Unit: ppm, the percentage in parentheses is compared to the control)

As shown in Table 1, the concentration of phenols (phenol, p-cresol) in the manure was reduced by 10% to 98.12 ppm in wasabi than 109.2 ppm in the control, and was fed by mixing wasabi and enoki mushroom waste medium In the group it was reduced by 15% to 92.85 ppm. The concentration of indole (indol and scatol) in manure decreased by 9% to 2.60 ppm in wasabi compared with 2.85 ppm in the control, and by 21% to 2.24 ppm in the group fed wasabi and enoki mushroom media. It became. Therefore, it is judged that the effect of inhibiting the generation of malodorous phenols (phenol, p-cresol) and indole (indole, skatole) is the highest in the group fed by mixing wasabi and enoki mushroom waste medium.

Example 4. Sensory evaluation according to the reduction of malodorous substances in pig manure

Odor evaluation using a direct sensory method was performed on the manure treated according to Example 3.

Odor phenomena stimulate human sensory organs even when various components are present in extremely low concentrations. Occurrence of odor is closely related to daily life, and the odors are complicated by offsetting and synergistic reactions between causative agents. Only the absolute amount of the substance has a limit in objectively indicating the effect of reducing odor.

There are various methods for the evaluation of odor, and in Korea, the process test method is divided into the direct sensory test method, the olfactory measurement method of the indirect sensory test method and the chemical composition analysis method.

The direct sensory method and the indirect sensory method include a somewhat subjective concept in which a person directly evaluates the olfactory odor, but it is a very important measurement method which has a meaning to directly evaluate the sensory odor phenomenon from the viewpoint of the complex odor felt by a person .

The evaluation procedure is as follows.

1) 100g of manure sample was prepared and put into a sensory evaluation container.

2) After 10 minutes, the sensory evaluation was performed on 10 subjects and the odor intensity was recorded. The numerical value of the odor intensity was set to a value between 0 and 5 in accordance with the sixth odor intensity indication method.

Table 2 is a sensory evaluation test results for the ten testers.

Control Wasabi Enoki mushroom badge Wasabi + Enoki Mushroom Waste Badge Degree of odor 5.0 3.8 4.1 2.8

As shown in Table 2, when treated with horseradish and top mushroom waste medium, the odor reduction effect is superior to the control group treated with nothing, even if treated with wasabi and enoki mushroom waste medium, respectively. It can be seen that the odor reduction effect is maximized.

In contrast with the results of Table 1, the treatment of horseradish + enoki mushroom waste medium shows an average value of 85.5, showing only slightly improved results compared to horseradish treatment in terms of the content of odorous substances. However, when referring to the results of the sensory evaluation shown in Table 2, it can be seen that a remarkable effect that was not measured only by the content of the representative malodorous substance is derived.

When the feed composition of the present invention is used, digestion rate due to hunger phenomenon due to lack of fiber content in conventional compound feed, constipation due to lack of variance, abnormal fermentation due to lack of fiber introduced into the large intestine, and lowering immunity due to various stresses It is possible to suppress the generation of odors of manure or manure by effects such as bactericidal, insecticidal effect and carcinogen inhibitory effect by horseradish components.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to specific embodiments thereof, those skilled in the art will appreciate that such specific embodiments are merely preferred embodiments and that the scope of the present invention is not limited thereby. something to do. It is therefore intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the claims appended hereto and their equivalents.

Claims (7)

Combined feed for reducing the odor of at least one manure selected from the group consisting of dog, cat, poultry and pig, including horseradish 0.01 ~ 0.5% by weight, total mushroom mushroom medium 0.1 ~ 5% by weight based on the total weight.
According to claim 1, wherein the feed composition is 0.03% by weight of horseradish relative to the total weight, the waste mushroom waste medium is a mixed feed for reducing odor of manure, characterized in that 0.5% by weight.
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