JP2006511526A - 細胞内で開裂可能な結合を有する免疫接合体 - Google Patents
細胞内で開裂可能な結合を有する免疫接合体 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、様々な癌細胞、感染性疾患生物をターゲットし、自己免疫疾患を治療するための改善された能力を有する治療接合体であって、ターゲッティング残基および治療残基を含む接合体に関する。ターゲッティングと治療残基とは、治療効力を増強する、細胞内で開裂可能な結合を介して結合している。
長年にわたり、ヒト癌に毒性因子を特異的に送達するためのモノクローナル抗体(mAb)の使用は、特異的にターゲッティングした薬物療法の分野における科学者の目標となっている。腫瘍関連mAbと適当な毒性因子との接合体が開発され、癌の治療において複合的に成功しているが、他の疾患には実質的に応用されていない。毒性因子は、最も一般的には化学療法薬であるが、粒子放射放射性核種や、細菌性または植物性毒素もmAbに接合されている。
(a) ターゲッティング残基、
(b) 化学療法薬残基、および
(c) チオール基を介してターゲッティング残基へ結合し、かつヒドラゾン以外の細胞内で開裂可能な残基を介して化学療法薬残基へ結合するリンカー
を含んでなる、免疫接合体に関する。他の態様によれば、本発明は、
(a) ターゲッティング残基、
(b) 化学療法薬残基、および
(c) チオール基を介してターゲッティング残基へ結合し、かつヒドラゾン以外の細胞内で開裂可能な残基を介して化学療法薬残基へ結合するリンカー
を含んでなる、免疫接合体であって、上記リンカーがアミノ酸残基とチオール反応性残基とを含んでなり、アミノ酸残基を介して化学療法薬残基におよびチオール反応性残基を介してターゲッティング残基に結合している免疫接合体に関する。
癌細胞は、好ましくは造血腫瘍(hematopoietic tumor)、癌、肉腫、黒色腫、またはグリア腫瘍由来の細胞である。
本発明の好ましい態様の一側面によれば、本発明は、ターゲッティング残基、化学療法薬残基、およびチオール基を介してターゲッティング残基へ、およびヒドラゾン以外の細胞内で開裂可能な残基を介して化学療法薬残基へ結合するリンカーを含んでなる、免疫接合体に関する。
を伴う治療薬接合体によってこれらB細胞を涸渇させることは、特にB細胞抗体をある情況においてHLA-DR抗体および/またはT細胞抗体(抗TAC抗体のようなIL-2を抗原としてターゲットとするものなど)と結合させるときには、自己免疫疾患治療において好ましい方法である。
実施例
実施例1:10ヒドロキシカンプトテシンのC-20-O-(N-'MCC')グリシネート誘導体であって、MCCが4-(N-マレイミドメチル)-シクロヘキサン-l-カルボニル残基であるものの調製
抗体を、20-40倍モル過剰量のジチオトレイトールおよびエチレンジアミン四酢酸(EDTA)(約5mM最終濃度)でpH 7.4で処理し、アルゴンを流し、37℃で45分間インキュベーションした。冷却した内容物を、遠心分離溶出条件(遠心分離SEC)下にて50mM酢酸ナトリウム-150mM塩化ナトリウム, pH 5.3(「ABS緩衝液」)中Sephadex G50/80の2本の連続した3mlカラムで精製した。溶出液を280nmでの吸光度を用いてタンパク質濃度について分析し、チオール含量をEllman分析法によって分析した。還元抗体は7-9チオール基を含んでいた。還元抗体を20倍モル過剰量のCPT誘導体とDMF中で反応させ、接合混合物中のDMFの最終濃度が≦5%v/vとなるようにし、氷上(約4℃)で20-30分間インキュベーションした。Sephadex G50/80上ABS緩衝液で2回連続して遠心分離-SEC精製を行った後、溶出液を疎水性カラムを通過させて非共有結合CPT誘導体を除去し、最終的接合体を得た。7を用いる接合体の場合には、さらに30K MWCO遠心分離フィルター上での限外濾過による精製が必要であった。総ての調製物において、反応混合物並びに精製接合体は透明溶液であり、CPT誘導体の水溶性が用いられたことを示していた。SE-HPLCによる分析は、ガードカラムとイン・ライン吸光度検出器を備えた分析用SEC250カラム上で溶離剤として0.2Mリン酸ナトリウムpH 6.8および流速として1ml/分を用いて行った。生成物は、260-540nmの領域で分光光度法による吸光度掃引によっても分析した。360nmでの吸光度をCPT-11標準品で得られた吸光度で補正して、接合体におけるCPT濃度を決定した。CPT誘導体からのスピルオーバー(spillover)について補正した280nmでの吸光度を用いて、抗体濃度を計算した。この方法で、CPT誘導体対IgGのモル比を決定した。生成物を10 %(v/v)の1Mスクロースと混合し、1mgおよび0.1mgずつのロットに等分し、凍結乾燥した。凍結乾燥した調製物をアルゴン置換した後、冷凍庫に保管した。
接合体は、実施例4に記載の方法で調製した。下記のものは、様々な接合体に関するデーターである。
接合体は、実施例4に記載の方法で調製した。下記のものは、様々な接合体に関するデーターである。
接合体は、実施例4に記載の方法で調製した。下記のものは、様々な接合体に関するデーターである。
一般的方法は、図4に示す。簡単に説明すれば、CPTおよび10-ヒドロキシ-CPTをSingerの方法(上記引用)によって相当するC-20-O-グリシネートに転換した。平行合成において、イソチオシアナトベンジルDTPAペンタ第三ブチルエステルを相当するアミン前駆体から生成させた後、S-トリチルシステインにカップリングした。フラッシュクロマトグラフィー精製により、中間体11(質量スペクトル: M+Na m/e 1207; M-H:1183)を得た。
SN-38は、プロドラッグCPT-11からイン・ビボで代謝により転換される活性薬剤である(Liehr, Giovanella, Verschraegen (監修)(上記引用))。SN-38は、トポイソメラーゼI活性の阻害においてCPT-11より3桁強力な活性化学療法薬である。抗体接合に適する二官能価SN-38は、下記の通りに簡単に調製される。すなわち、[CPT-11]-20-O-バリネートを、そのバリンN末端をBOCとして保護したものを、水酸化物のような塩基1当量を用いてそのC-10-カルバメートで選択的に開裂させる。カリウム第三ブトキ2当量と水1当量とから誘導されるような「無水水酸化物」(Gassman and Schenk, J. Org. Hem., 42:918-920 (1977))は、この目的に有利に用いられる。CPTのバリネートエステルは、1N水酸化ナトリウム水溶液の1当量に少なくとも1時間安定であることが示されている。この方法により、C-10-カルバメートを選択的に開裂する。次に、バリン残基のアミノ基をイソチオシアネートに転換し、ペプチド鋳型MCC-Gly-Lys-Lys(R')-NHにカップリングする。あるいは、SN-38自身を、最初にメトキシトリチル誘導体のような酸感受性誘導体としてC10-ヒドロキシル基を保護することによって誘導体形成する。次に、C20-ヒドロキシル基をバリネートエステルに転換する。この時点で、C-10位のメトキシトリチル基を除去する。別の方法は、最初に相当する「BOC」エステルとしてC-10ヒドロキシルを保護し、20-ヒドロキシル基を誘導体形成し、脱保護することによってすることによってSN-38の20-バリネートエステル(または任意の他のエステル)誘導体を調製する。次に、これに続いてトリメチルシリルクロリドで処理して、C-10ヒドロキシルとC-20のエステルのアミノ基を誘導体形成させ、マレイミド-PEG-NHSのようなアミン反応性のヘテロ二官能価架橋剤と反応させ、C-10位のトリメチルシリル基を脱保護する。
Claims (41)
- (a) ターゲッティング残基、
(b) 化学療法薬残基、および
(c) チオール基を介してターゲッティング残基へ結合し、かつヒドラゾン以外の細胞内で開裂可能な残基を介して化学療法薬残基へ結合するリンカー
を含んでなる、免疫接合体。 - 前記細胞内で開裂可能な残基が、細胞内エステラーゼによって開裂可能なものである、請求項1に記載の免疫接合体。
- 前記細胞内で開裂可能な残基がエステル残基である、請求項1または2に記載の免疫接合体。
- 前記エステル残基が、アミノ酸のα-カルボン酸から形成されるエステルである、請求項3に記載の免疫接合体。
- 前記細胞内で開裂可能な残基が、細胞内酵素によって開裂可能なペプチド結合を含んでなるものである、請求項1に記載の免疫接合体。
- 前記細胞内で開裂可能な残基が、酸性pHにて細胞内コンパートメントの開裂を受けやすいエーテル結合を含んでなるものである、請求項1に記載の免疫接合体。
- 前記エーテル結合が、化学療法薬と前記細胞内で開裂可能な残基との間で形成されるエーテル結合である、請求項6に記載の免疫接合体。
- 前記細胞内で開裂可能な残基が、テトラヒドロピラン残基、テトラヒドロフラン残基、またはオルソエステル残基を含んでなるものである、請求項7に記載の免疫接合体。
- 前記リンカーが、前記ターゲッティング残基のチオール基に結合するチオール反応性基を含んでなるものである、請求項1に記載の免疫接合体。
- 前記チオール反応性基が、ターゲッティング残基のチオール基に結合するマレイミドまたはビニルスルホンである、請求項9に記載の免疫接合体。
- 前記リンカーが、前記ターゲッティング残基のリシン側鎖のマレイミド残基と反応するチオール基を含んでなるものである、請求項1に記載の免疫接合体。
- 前記化学療法薬残基とターゲッティング残基との間に、水可溶化残基をさらに含んでなる、請求項1〜11のいずれか一項に記載の免疫接合体。
- 前記水可溶化残基がアミノポリカルボキシレートである、請求項12に記載の免疫接合体。
- 前記アミノポリカルボキシレートが、DTPA、EDTA、TTHA、ベンジル-DTPA、DOTA、ベンジル-DOTA、NOTA、ベンジル-NOTA、TETA、およびN,N'-ジアルキル置換ピペラジンからなる群から選択される、請求項13に記載の免疫接合体。
- 前記化学療法薬残基が、ドキソルビシン(DOX)、エピルビシン、モルホリノドキソルビシン(モルホリノ-DOX)、シアノモルホリノ-ドキソルビシン(シアノモルホリノ-DOX)、2-ピロリノ-ドキソルビシン(2-PDOX)、CPT、CPT-11、SN-38、トポテカン、タキサン、ゲルダナマイシン、アンサマイシン、およびエポチロンからなる群から選択されるものである、請求項1〜14のいずれか一項に記載の免疫接合体。
- 前記ターゲッティング残基が、抗体、またはその断片と結合する抗原である、請求項1〜15のいずれか一項に記載の免疫接合体。
- 前記抗体がモノクローナル抗体(mAb)である、請求項16に記載の免疫接合体。
- 前記抗体が、多価および/または多重特異性であるモノクローナル抗体である、請求項17に記載の免疫接合体。
- 前記ターゲッティング残基がネズミ、キメラ、ヒト化、またはヒトモノクローナル抗体であり、前記抗体が完全な、断片(Fab、Fab'、F(ab)2、F(ab')2)または小断片(一本鎖構築物)形態である、請求項1〜18のいずれか一項に記載の免疫接合体。
- 前記ターゲッティング残基が、癌または悪性細胞上で発現した、抗原または抗原のエピトープと反応性のモノクローナル抗体である、請求項1〜19のいずれか一項に記載の免疫接合体。
- 前記癌細胞が、造血腫瘍、癌、肉腫、黒色腫、またはグリア腫瘍由来の細胞である、請求項20に記載の免疫接合体。
- 前記ターゲッティング残基が、B細胞系抗原、T細胞系抗原、骨髄系抗原、およびHLA-DR抗原に結合するモノクローナル抗体である、請求項1〜19のいずれか一項に記載の免疫接合体。
- 前記ターゲッティング残基が、CD74、CD22、上皮糖タンパク質-1、MUC1、癌胎児性抗原(CEAまたはCD66e)、結腸特異性抗原-p、α-フェトプロテイン、CC49、前立腺特異性膜抗原、カルボニックアンヒドラーゼIX、HER-2/neu、BrE3、CD19、CD20、CD21、CD23、CD33、CD45、CD74、CD80、VEGF、EGF受容体、P1GF、MUC2、MUC3、MUC4、ガングリオシド、HCG、EGP-2、CD37、HLA-DR、CD30、Ia、A3、A33、Ep-CAM、KS-1、Le(y)、S100、PSA、テネイシン、葉酸受容体、Thomas-Friedreich抗原、腫瘍壊死抗原、腫瘍血管新生抗原、Ga 733、IL-2、IL-6、T101、MAGE、L243に結合する抗原、CD66a-d (それぞれ、BGP、CGM6、NCAおよびCGM1)、抗TAC、およびそれらの組合せからなる群から選択される抗原に結合するモノクローナル抗体である、請求項1〜19のいずれか一項に記載の免疫接合体。
- 前記ターゲッティング残基が、LL1、LL2、hA20、1F5、L243、RS7、PAM-4、MN-14、Mu-9、AFP-31、G250、J591、CC49、およびImmu 31からなる群から選択されるものである、請求項1〜19のいずれか一項に記載の免疫接合体。
- 前記ターゲッティング残基が、LL1、LL2、hA20、1F5、L243、RS7、PAM- 4、MN-14、Mu-9、AFP-31、G250、J591、CC49、およびImmu 31からなる群から選択される1種類以上の抗体を含んでなる二重特異性および/または二価抗体構築物である、請求項1〜19のいずれか一項に記載の免疫接合体。
- 前記ターゲッティング残基が少なくとも1つの化学療法薬残基に結合するものである、請求項1〜25のいずれか一項に記載の免疫接合体。
- 前記ターゲッティング残基が約7〜12個の前記化学療法薬残基に結合するものである、請求項26に記載の免疫接合体。
- 前記リンカーが、ターゲッティング残基に結合するためのそのN末端におけるチオール反応性残基と、少なくとも1つの化学療法薬残基に結合するための1以上の側鎖アミノ基とを含むペプチドを含んでなる、請求項1〜27のいずれか一項に記載の免疫接合体。
- 前記リンカーが、N末端における官能基と、C末端における水可溶化残基と、前記化学療法薬残基に結合するのに利用可能な側鎖を有する1以上の内部塩基性アミノ酸とを含んでなる、請求項1〜28のいずれか一項に記載の免疫接合体。
- 前記水可溶化残基が、DTPA、EDTA、TTHA、ベンジル-DTPA、DOTA、ベンジル-DOTA、NOTA、ベンジル-NOTA、またはN,N'-ジアルキル置換ピペラジンである、請求項29に記載の免疫接合体。
- 前記免疫接合体が非経口投与に適した形態とされた、請求項1〜31のいずれか一項に記載の免疫接合体。
- 前記化学療法薬残基が、ドキソルビシン(DOX)、エピルビシン、モルホリノドキソルビシン(モルホリノ-DOX)、シアノモルホリノ-ドキソルビシン(シアノモルホリノ-DOX)、2-ピロリノ-ドキソルビシン(2-PDOX)、CPT、CPT-11、SN-38、トポテカン、タキサン、ゲルダナマイシン、アンサマイシン、およびエポチロンからなる群から選択される、請求項1〜32のいずれか一項に記載の免疫接合体。
- 患者の悪性腫瘍、自己免疫疾患、感染症、または感染性病変の治療のための、請求項1〜33のいずれか一項に記載の免疫接合体の治療上有効量の使用。
- 前記悪性腫瘍が悪性固形腫瘍または造血新生物である、請求項34に記載の使用。
- 前記免疫接合体が、前記感染症または感染性病変と関連した病原体上の抗原またはエピトープまたは鉄−シデロフォアキレート受容体をターゲットとする、請求項34に記載の使用。
- 前記病原体が、細菌、真菌、ウイルス、リケッチア、マイコプラズマ、および原生動物からなる群から選択される、請求項36に記載の使用。
- 前記病原体が、Streptococcus agalactiae、Legionella pneumophilia、Streptococcus pyogenes、Escherichia coli、Neisseria gonorrhosae、Neisseria meningitidis、Pneunaococcus、Hemophilis irfluenzae B、Treponema pallidum、ライム病スピロヘータ、Pseudomonas aeruginosa、Mycobacterium leprae、Brucella abortus、Mycobacterium tuberculosis、狂犬病ウイルス、インフルエンザウイルス、サイトメガロウイルス、単純ヘルペスウイルスI、単純ヘルペスウイルスII、ヒト血清パルボ様ウイルス、呼吸器シンシチウムウイルス、帯状疱疹ウイルス、B型肝炎ウイルス、麻疹ウイルス、アデノウイルス、ヒトT細胞白血病ウイルス、エプスタイン‐バーウイルス、ネズミ白血病ウイルス、耳下腺炎ウイルス、水疱性口内炎ウイルス、シンドビスウイルス、リンパ球脈絡髄膜炎ウイルス、疣ウイルス、ブルータングウイルス、センダイウイルス、ネコ白血病ウイルス、レオウイルス、ポリオウイルス、シミアンウイルス40、マウス乳癌ウイルス、デングウイルス、風疹ウイルス、Plasmodium falciparum、Plasmodium vivax、Toxoplasma gondii、Trypanosoma rangeli、Trypanosoma cruzi、Trypanosoma rhodesiensei、Trypanosoma brucei、Schistosoma mansoni、Schistosoma japanicum、Babesia bovis、Elmeria tenella、Onchocerca volvulus、Leishmania tropica、Trichinella spiralis、Theileria parva、Taenia hydatigena、Taenia ovis、Taenia saginata、Echinococcus granulosus、Mesocestoides corti、Mycoplasma arthritidis、M. hyorhinis、M. orale、M.arginini、Acholeplasma laidlawii、M. salivarium、およびM. pneumoniaeからなる群から選択される、請求項36に記載の使用。
- 前記自己免疫疾患がクラスIIIの自己免疫疾患である、請求項34に記載の使用。
- 前記クラスIIIの自己免疫疾患が、免疫依存性血小板減少症、皮膚筋炎、シェーグレン症候群、多発性硬化症、シデナム舞踏病、重症筋無力症、全身性エリテマトーデス、ループス腎炎、リウマチ熱、慢性関節リウマチ、多腺性症候群、水疱性類天疱瘡、糖尿病、ヘノッホ・シェーンライン紫斑病、連鎖球菌感染後腎炎(pose-streptococcal nephlitis)、結節性紅斑、高安動脈炎、アジソン病、慢性関節リウマチ、サルコイドーシス、潰瘍性大腸炎、多形性紅斑、IgA腎症、結節性多発性動脈炎、強直性脊椎炎、グットパスチャー症候群、血栓性血管炎(thromboangitis ubiterans)、原発性胆汁性肝硬変、橋本甲状腺炎、甲状腺中毒症、強皮症、慢性活性肝炎、多発性筋炎/皮膚筋炎、多発性軟骨炎、尋常性天疱瘡、ウェゲナー肉芽腫症、膜性腎症、筋萎縮性側索硬化症、脊髄ロウ、巨細胞性動脈炎/多発性筋痛、悪性貧血、急速進行性糸状体腎炎および繊維化肺胞炎からなる群から選択される、請求項39に記載の使用。
- 非経口投与のための、請求項34〜40のいずれか一項に記載の使用。
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US9133268B2 (en) | 2015-09-15 |
US20040185053A1 (en) | 2004-09-23 |
US9388237B2 (en) | 2016-07-12 |
WO2004054622A1 (en) | 2004-07-01 |
US20130216561A1 (en) | 2013-08-22 |
US10280220B2 (en) | 2019-05-07 |
US11066468B2 (en) | 2021-07-20 |
US20160287722A1 (en) | 2016-10-06 |
CA2508831C (en) | 2012-05-01 |
US20090291093A1 (en) | 2009-11-26 |
US7585491B2 (en) | 2009-09-08 |
US8268319B2 (en) | 2012-09-18 |
JP4959136B2 (ja) | 2012-06-20 |
EP1572242A1 (en) | 2005-09-14 |
US20120328634A1 (en) | 2012-12-27 |
US20140004078A1 (en) | 2014-01-02 |
CA2508831A1 (en) | 2004-07-01 |
US20190194318A1 (en) | 2019-06-27 |
AU2003288467A1 (en) | 2004-07-09 |
US8425912B2 (en) | 2013-04-23 |
IL169045A (en) | 2010-12-30 |
EP1572242B1 (en) | 2014-04-16 |
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