JP2006504703A - 1,3−ジオキソランヌクレオシドの調製方法 - Google Patents
1,3−ジオキソランヌクレオシドの調製方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2006504703A JP2006504703A JP2004539827A JP2004539827A JP2006504703A JP 2006504703 A JP2006504703 A JP 2006504703A JP 2004539827 A JP2004539827 A JP 2004539827A JP 2004539827 A JP2004539827 A JP 2004539827A JP 2006504703 A JP2006504703 A JP 2006504703A
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- JP
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- Prior art keywords
- purine
- alkyl
- pyrimidine
- base
- formula
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 239000002777 nucleoside Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims description 14
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- KDCGOANMDULRCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Purine Natural products N1=CNC2=NC=NC2=C1 KDCGOANMDULRCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000000543 intermediate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- CZPWVGJYEJSRLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrimidine Chemical group C1=CN=CN=C1 CZPWVGJYEJSRLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 50
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 48
- -1 6-aza-cytosine) Chemical compound 0.000 claims description 44
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical group CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 18
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycerol Substances OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 16
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000006239 protecting group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000010 aprotic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000003833 nucleoside derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- SCYULBFZEHDVBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Dichloroethane Chemical compound CC(Cl)Cl SCYULBFZEHDVBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- OPTASPLRGRRNAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N cytosine Chemical compound NC=1C=CNC(=O)N=1 OPTASPLRGRRNAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- IGFXRKMLLMBKSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N purine Chemical compound N1=C[N]C2=NC=NC2=C1 IGFXRKMLLMBKSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- RWQNBRDOKXIBIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N thymine Chemical compound CC1=CNC(=O)NC1=O RWQNBRDOKXIBIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002841 Lewis acid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000007517 lewis acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000005526 G1 to G0 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- ISAKRJDGNUQOIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Uracil Chemical compound O=C1C=CNC(=O)N1 ISAKRJDGNUQOIC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetaldehyde Diethyl Acetal Natural products CCOC(C)OCC DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- XRECTZIEBJDKEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N flucytosine Chemical compound NC1=NC(=O)NC=C1F XRECTZIEBJDKEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007363 ring formation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000872931 Myoporum sandwicense Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940104302 cytosine Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229930024421 Adenine Natural products 0.000 claims description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960000643 adenine Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- GFFGJBXGBJISGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N adenyl group Chemical group N1=CN=C2N=CNC2=C1N GFFGJBXGBJISGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002877 alkyl aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006114 decarboxylation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940113082 thymine Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- HXXVIKZQIFTJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-ethenylpyrimidine Chemical compound C=CC1=CN=CN=C1 HXXVIKZQIFTJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000005697 5-halopyrimidines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- PVRBGBGMDLPYKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-benzyl-7h-purine Chemical compound N=1C=NC=2N=CNC=2C=1CC1=CC=CC=C1 PVRBGBGMDLPYKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- DBCMWACNZJYUHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-ethenyl-7h-purine Chemical compound C=CC1=NC=NC2=C1NC=N2 DBCMWACNZJYUHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910019093 NaOCl Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002777 acetyl group Chemical class [H]C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000006297 carbonyl amino group Chemical group [H]N([*:2])C([*:1])=O 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013375 chromatographic separation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960004413 flucytosine Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- FFUAGWLWBBFQJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethyldisilazane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)N[Si](C)(C)C FFUAGWLWBBFQJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- HBCQSNAFLVXVAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrimidine-2-thiol Chemical compound SC1=NC=CC=N1 HBCQSNAFLVXVAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium hypochlorite Chemical compound [Na+].Cl[O-] SUKJFIGYRHOWBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J tin(iv) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Sn](Cl)(Cl)Cl HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940035893 uracil Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- FYADHXFMURLYQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,4-triazine Chemical compound C1=CN=NC=N1 FYADHXFMURLYQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- MGAXHFMCFLLMNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1h-pyrimidine-6-thione Chemical compound SC1=CC=NC=N1 MGAXHFMCFLLMNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- SVXNJCYYMRMXNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-amino-2h-1,2,4-triazin-3-one Chemical compound NC=1C=NNC(=O)N=1 SVXNJCYYMRMXNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LRSASMSXMSNRBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-methylcytosine Chemical compound CC1=CNC(=O)N=C1N LRSASMSXMSNRBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NOYDQGFVFOQSAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-nitropyrimidine Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CN=CN=C1 NOYDQGFVFOQSAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- GHASVSINZRGABV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorouracil Chemical compound FC1=CNC(=O)NC1=O GHASVSINZRGABV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021627 Tin(IV) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010511 deprotection reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960002949 fluorouracil Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- FVLAYJRLBLHIPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrimidin-5-amine Chemical compound NC1=CN=CN=C1 FVLAYJRLBLHIPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XVIAPHVAGFEFFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrimidine-5-carbonitrile Chemical compound N#CC1=CN=CN=C1 XVIAPHVAGFEFFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 2
- FTVLMFQEYACZNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylsilyl trifluoromethanesulfonate Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)OS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F FTVLMFQEYACZNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000029936 alkylation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005804 alkylation reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims 1
- 230000030279 gene silencing Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 150000007529 inorganic bases Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 125000001181 organosilyl group Chemical group [SiH3]* 0.000 claims 1
- UUEVFMOUBSLVJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo-[[1-[2-[2-[2-[4-(oxoazaniumylmethylidene)pyridin-1-yl]ethoxy]ethoxy]ethyl]pyridin-4-ylidene]methyl]azanium;dibromide Chemical compound [Br-].[Br-].C1=CC(=C[NH+]=O)C=CN1CCOCCOCCN1C=CC(=C[NH+]=O)C=C1 UUEVFMOUBSLVJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000002577 pseudohalo group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000561 purinyl group Chemical group N1=C(N=C2N=CNC2=C1)* 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 20
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 19
- 241000700721 Hepatitis B virus Species 0.000 description 18
- 241000725303 Human immunodeficiency virus Species 0.000 description 14
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 13
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- HBAQYPYDRFILMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 8-[3-(1-cyclopropylpyrazol-4-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidin-5-yl]-3-methyl-3,8-diazabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-2-one Chemical class C1(CC1)N1N=CC(=C1)C1=NNC2=C1N=C(N=C2)N1C2C(N(CC1CC2)C)=O HBAQYPYDRFILMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 10
- 208000030507 AIDS Diseases 0.000 description 9
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 235000019439 ethyl acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 8
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 8
- WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxolane Chemical compound C1COCO1 WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000007810 chemical reaction solvent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 6
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 125000004029 hydroxymethyl group Chemical group [H]OC([H])([H])* 0.000 description 5
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 5
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 4
- AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycolic acid Chemical compound OCC(O)=O AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001241 acetals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000010933 acylation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005917 acylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 4
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 4
- 230000002255 enzymatic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- JTEGQNOMFQHVDC-NKWVEPMBSA-N lamivudine Chemical compound O=C1N=C(N)C=CN1[C@H]1O[C@@H](CO)SC1 JTEGQNOMFQHVDC-NKWVEPMBSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000003835 nucleoside group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000002221 trityl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1C([*])(C1=C(C(=C(C(=C1[H])[H])[H])[H])[H])C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 4
- HBOMLICNUCNMMY-XLPZGREQSA-N zidovudine Chemical compound O=C1NC(=O)C(C)=CN1[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](N=[N+]=[N-])C1 HBOMLICNUCNMMY-XLPZGREQSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UUJHJGSIXPKURY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxolan-4-yl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC1COCO1 UUJHJGSIXPKURY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WJJSZTJGFCFNKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-oxathiolane Chemical compound C1CSCO1 WJJSZTJGFCFNKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RBNPOMFGQQGHHO-UWTATZPHSA-N D-glyceric acid Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)C(O)=O RBNPOMFGQQGHHO-UWTATZPHSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 3
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrolidine Chemical compound C1CCNC1 RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000003282 alkyl amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000000840 anti-viral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011914 asymmetric synthesis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000975 bioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- HHLFWLYXYJOTON-UHFFFAOYSA-N glyoxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=O HHLFWLYXYJOTON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000002373 hemiacetals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 208000006454 hepatitis Diseases 0.000 description 3
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000002596 lactones Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- GLVAUDGFNGKCSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercaptopurine Chemical compound S=C1NC=NC2=C1NC=N2 GLVAUDGFNGKCSF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000004170 methylsulfonyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 3
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 3
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000707 stereoselective effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CSRZQMIRAZTJOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylsilyl iodide Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)I CSRZQMIRAZTJOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SPEUIVXLLWOEMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COC(C)OC SPEUIVXLLWOEMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FLJWVVUJGVNXMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-sulfanylacetaldehyde Chemical compound SCC=O FLJWVVUJGVNXMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JTEGQNOMFQHVDC-RQJHMYQMSA-N 4-amino-1-[(2s,5r)-2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-oxathiolan-5-yl]pyrimidin-2-one Chemical compound O=C1N=C(N)C=CN1[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO)SC1 JTEGQNOMFQHVDC-RQJHMYQMSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NPYPQKXJJZZSAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-benzylpyrimidine Chemical compound C=1N=CN=CC=1CC1=CC=CC=C1 NPYPQKXJJZZSAX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IKHGUXGNUITLKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaldehyde Chemical compound CC=O IKHGUXGNUITLKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 206010008909 Chronic Hepatitis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N D-Mannitol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- COFCNNXZXGCREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl 2,3-dihydroxypropanoate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(O)CO COFCNNXZXGCREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D317/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D317/08—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms having the hetero atoms in positions 1 and 3
- C07D317/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms having the hetero atoms in positions 1 and 3 not condensed with other rings
- C07D317/32—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms having the hetero atoms in positions 1 and 3 not condensed with other rings with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D405/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D405/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing two hetero rings
- C07D405/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing two hetero rings directly linked by a ring-member-to-ring-member bond
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- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
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- C07D473/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing purine ring systems
- C07D473/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing purine ring systems with oxygen, sulphur, or nitrogen atoms directly attached in positions 2 and 6
- C07D473/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing purine ring systems with oxygen, sulphur, or nitrogen atoms directly attached in positions 2 and 6 two oxygen atoms
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- C07D473/16—Heterocyclic compounds containing purine ring systems with oxygen, sulphur, or nitrogen atoms directly attached in positions 2 and 6 two nitrogen atoms
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- C07D473/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing purine ring systems with oxygen, sulphur, or nitrogen atoms directly attached in positions 2 and 6
- C07D473/20—Heterocyclic compounds containing purine ring systems with oxygen, sulphur, or nitrogen atoms directly attached in positions 2 and 6 two sulfur atoms
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- C07D493/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D493/08—Bridged systems
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- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
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Abstract
【化1】
Description
この出願は、2002年8月6日に出願された米国仮出願第60/401,655号の優先権を主張する。この特許出願の開示は、参照して本明細書に組み込まれる。
a)式(VII)または(VIII):
の化合物を得る工程;およびついで
d)式7aまたは7bの化合物を、活性化および/または保護プリンまたはピリミジン塩基、またはその誘導体へカップリングして、式8aまたは8b:
の化合物を得る工程;およびついで
e)必要であれば、式8aまたは8bの化合物を脱保護し、1,3−ジオキソランヌクレオシドを生じる工程。
a)式1または1’(どちらもD−およびL−異性体を含む):
R5は=CR5’またはCH(OH)R5’であり;かつ
R5’は、アルキルまたはアラルキルである)
の化合物の調製または入手工程;およびついで
b)式1の化合物を酸化するか、または式1’の化合物を加水分解して、式2(D−およびL−異性体を含む):
の化合物を得る工程;およびついで
c)式2の化合物と、X’−CH2CH(OR6)2(式中、X’は、適切な脱離基、好ましくはハロゲン(F、Cl、Br、I)、またはMsO、TsOなど、最も好ましくはBrである)とをカップリングして、式3(D−およびL−異性体を含む):
各XおよびYは独立して、H、ハロゲン(F、Cl、Br、I)、OH、OR’(R’はC1〜C4の低級アルキルである)、OCH3、SH、SR’、SCH3、NH2、NHR’、NR’2、またはCH3であり;かつ
Zは、CH、CからX(Xは、上記のように規定される)である。
a)式VIIまたはVIII:
の化合物を得る工程;およびついで
d)式7aまたは7bの化合物を、活性化および/または保護プリンまたはピリミジン塩基、またはその誘導体へカップリングして、式8aまたは8b:
の化合物を得る工程;およびついで
e)必要であれば、式8aまたは8bの化合物を脱保護し、1,3−ジオキソランヌクレオシドを生じる工程。
a)式1または1’(どちらもD−およびL−異性体を含む):
R5は=CR5’またはCH(OH)R5’であり;かつ
R5’は、アルキルまたはアラルキルである)
の化合物の調製または入手工程;およびついで
b)式1の化合物を酸化するか、または式1’の化合物を加水分解して、式2(D−およびL−異性体を含む):
の化合物を得る工程;およびついで
c)式2の化合物と、X’−CH2CH(OR6)2(式中、X’は、適切な脱離基、好ましくはハロゲン(F、Cl、Br、I)、またはMsO、TsOなど、最も好ましくはBrである)とをカップリングして、式3(D−およびL−異性体を含む):
各XおよびYは独立して、H、ハロゲン(F、Cl、Br、I)、OH、OR’(R’はC1〜C4の低級アルキルである)、OCH3、SH、SR’、SCH3、NH2、NHR’、NR’2、またはCH3であり;かつ
Zは、CH、またはCからX(Xは、上記のように規定される)である。
本明細書において用いられている「実質的に含まない」、「実質的に不存在にある」、または「単離された」という用語は、そのヌクレオシドの指定された鏡像異性体を少なくとも95重量%、好ましくは99から100重量%含むヌクレオシド組成物のことを言う。好ましい実施態様において、この方法は、反対の立体配置の鏡像異性体を実質的に含まない化合物を生成する。
環化中間体を介したβ−D−またはβ−L−1,3−ジオキソランヌクレオシドの製造方法
工程1 − 環化中間体の調製
このプロセスのための鍵出発原料は、適切に置換されたD−またはL−環式中間体である。D−またはL−環式中間体は、購入することができ、または標準的脱離または酸化、および還元技術を包含するあらゆる既知の手段によって調製することができる。1つの実施態様において、D−またはL−環式中間体は、次のプロトコルにしたがって調製される。
R5は=CR5’またはCH(OH)R5’であり;
R5’は、アルキルまたはアラルキルであり;かつ
Mは、金属、好ましくはアルカリ金属、例えばNaまたはKである)。
R5は=CR5’またはCH(OH)R5’であり;
R5’は、アルキルまたはアラルキルであり;かつ
Mは、金属、好ましくはアルカリ金属、例えばNaまたはKである)。
ii)同時結晶化 − 個々の鏡像異性体が、ラセメートの溶液から別々に結晶化される技術であって、ラセメートが固体状態において集塊でありさえすれば可能である技術;
iii)酵素分割 − 酵素を用いた、鏡像異性体についての異なる反応速度によるラセメートの一部または完全分離が行なわれる技術;
iv)酵素不斉合成 − 合成の少なくとも1つの工程が、所望の鏡像異性体の鏡像異性体的に純粋であるかまたは濃縮された(enriched)合成先駆物質を得るために酵素反応を利用する合成技術;
v)化学的不斉合成 − 所望の鏡像異性体が、この生成物中に不斉性(すなわちキラリティー)を生成する条件下にアキラル先駆物質から合成される合成技術。これは、キラル触媒またはキラル助剤を用いて行なわれてもよい。
vii)一次および二次不斉トランスフォーメーション − ラセメートからのジアステレオマーが平衡し、所望の鏡像異性体からのジアステレオマーの溶液中の優勢を生じるか、または所望の鏡像異性体からのジアステレオマーの優先的結晶化は、平衡をかき乱し、したがって場合によっては原則的に、すべての材料が、所望の鏡像異性体から結晶性ジアステレオマーに転換される技術。この所望の鏡像異性体はついで、ジアステレオマーから放出される;
viii)動的分割 − この技術は、動的条件下、キラル、非ラセミ試薬または触媒を用いての鏡像異性体の等しくない反応速度により、ラセメートの一部または全部分割(または一部分割された化合物のさらなる分割)の達成のことを言う;
ix)非ラセミ先駆物質からのエナンチオ特異的合成 − 所望の鏡像異性体が、非キラル出発原料から得られ、立体化学的統合性(integrity)が、合成経路に対して妥協しないか、または最小限しか妥協しない合成技術;
x)キラル液体クロマトグラフィー − ラセメートの鏡像異性体が、固定相との異なる相互作用によって(キラルHPLC経由も包含する)、液体移動相において分離される技術。固定相は、キラル材料から作製することができる。または移動相は、異なる相互作用を引起こすために追加のキラル材料を含有してもよい;
xi)キラルガスクロマトグラフィー − ラセメートを揮発させ、鏡像異性体を、固定非ラセミキラル吸着相を含有するカラムとの、気体移動相における異なる相互作用によって分離させる技術;
xii)キラル溶媒での抽出 − 鏡像異性体を、特別なキラル溶媒中への1つの鏡像異性体の優先的溶解によって分離させる技術;
xiii)キラル膜を通過する輸送 − ラセメートを薄膜バリヤとの接触下に置く技術。このバリヤは一般的に、1つがラセメートを含有する2つの混和性流体を分離し、駆動力、例えば濃度または圧力差が、膜バリヤを通る優先的輸送を引起こす。分離は、ラセメートの1つだけの鏡像異性体を通過させることができる、この膜の非ラセミキラル性の結果として生じる。
融点を、メル・テンプ(Mel−temp)II装置で測定し、修正しない。NMRスペクトルを、バリアン(Varian)400AMX分光計で、内部標準としてTMSを用いて、1HNMRについては400MHz、13CNMRについては100MHzで記録した。化学シフト(δ)を、百万分の1(ppm)で報告し、シグナルは、s(一重項)、d(二重項)、t(三重項)、q(四重項)、m(多重項)、またはbs(広幅一重項)として報告する。IRスペクトルは、ニコレット(Nicolet)510P FT−IR分光計で測定した。質量スペクトルは、マイクロマス・オートスペック(Micromass Autospec)高解像質量分光計で記録した。TLCは、アナルテック社(Analtech Co.)から購入したユニプレーツ(Uniplates)(シリカゲル)上で実施した。カラムクロマトグラフィーは、フラッシュクロマトグラフィー用のシリカゲル−60(220−440メッシュ)、または真空フラッシュカラムクロマトグラフィー用のシリカゲルG(TLCグレード、>440メッシュ)のどちらかを用いて実施した。UVスペクトルは、ベックマン(Beckman)DU650分光光度計で得られた。元素分析は、ジョージア州ノルクロスのアトランティック・マイクロラブ社(Atlantic Microlab,Inc.,Norcross,GA)、またはテネシー州ノックスビルのガルブレイス・ラボラトリーズ社(Galbraith Laboratories,Inc.,Knoxville,TN)によって実施した。HPLCは、モデル600コントローラー、モデル996光ダイオードアレイ検出器、およびモデル717プラスオートサンプラーを備えたウォーターズ(Waters)HPLC装置(マサチューセッツ州ミルフォードのミリポア社(Millipore Corporation,Milford,MA))を用いて実施した。システム制御、データ収集、およびプロセシングのために、ミレニアム(Millennium)2010ソフトウエアを用いた。キラライザー(chiralyser)偏光検出器、パーキン−エルマー(Perkin−Elmer)モデル241MC偏光計(コネチカット州ウイルトン(Wilton,CT))を、旋光度の決定のために用いた。
CCl4(60mL)、CH3CN(60mL)、およびH2O(90mL)中の1,2:5,6−O−ジイソプロピリデン−D−マンニトール(1、13.1g、50ミリモル)RuCl3・H2O(0.4g)、NaIO4(0.2モル、42.8g)、およびNaHCO3(0.11モル、9.24g)の混合物を、室温で3時間攪拌した。有機相を除去し、水性相を、減圧下、乾燥に至るまで濃縮した。残渣を、EtOH(300mL)中で1時間還流し、濾過した。この濾過物を乾燥に至るまで濃縮し、トルエン(50mL)と共蒸発させた。残渣を、DMF(100mL)中のブロモアセトアルデヒドジエチルアセタール(50ミリモル、7.52mL)と混合した。この混合物を、5時間還流した。溶媒を真空除去した。残渣をEtOAc(200mL)で処理し、混合物をH2O(50mL×2)で洗浄した。有機相を乾燥した(Na2SO4)。溶媒を除去すると、化合物3を生じた(13.5g、50%)。1H−NMR(CDCl3):1H−NMR(CDCl3):δ4.70(t、1H、CHOEt)、4.62(m、1H、2−H)、4.18(m、4H、2xCH2)、3.50−3.75(m、4H、2xMeCH2)、1.50、1.40(ss、6H、C(Me)2)、1.20(t、J=6.8Hz、6H、2xCCH3)。
蟻酸(H2O中80%、20mL)中の化合物3(1.0g、4.2ミリモル)の溶液を、室温で1時間20分攪拌した。この溶液を35℃以下で乾燥に至るまで濃縮した。残渣をトルエン(2×10mL)と共蒸発させると、粗ジオールを油として生じた。これをアセトニトリル(50mL、0.01%のH2Oを含有)中に溶解した。この溶液に、BF3・OEt2(8.4ミリモル、1.065mL)を添加し、室温で20時間攪拌した。EtOAc(100mL)を添加し、その結果生じた溶液を、H2O(10mL)および水性NaHCO3(3×10mL)で洗浄した。有機溶液を乾燥した(Na2SO4)。溶媒を除去し、残渣をシリカゲルカラム(5%MeOH/CH2Cl2)によって精製すると、化合物5を固体として生じた。1H−NMR(CDCl3):δ5.26(s、1H、2−H)、4.92(d、J= 12.4Hz、1H)、4.69(dd、J=1.2、6.8Hz、1H)、4.49(dd、J=1.2、8.8Hz、1H)、4.19(d、J=12.8Hz、1H)、4.05(dd、J=7.2、9.2Hz、1H)。
化合物5(200mg、1.5ミリモル)を、THF(20mL)中に溶解した。この溶液に、1N NaOH(2mL、2ミリモル)を添加し、混合物を室温で2時間攪拌した。この混合物に、NaHCO3(3ミリモル、252mg)、ついで過剰BzCl(1.5mL)を添加し、混合物を、室温で2時間攪拌した。EtOAc(50mL)を添加し、この溶液のpHを、6N HClの添加によって1.5に調節した。有機溶液をH2O(2×5mL)で洗浄し、乾燥した(Na2SO4)。溶媒を除去し、残渣をTHF(20mL)中に溶解した。この溶液に、ピリジン(1.5ミリモル、118mg)およびPd(OAc)4(3ミリモル、1.33g)を添加し、混合物を室温で16時間攪拌した。EtOAc(100mL)を添加し、混合物をH2O(3×20mL)で洗浄した。有機相を乾燥した(Na2SO4)。溶媒を除去し、残渣をシリカゲルカラム(10%EtOAc/ヘキサン)によって精製すると、化合物7を生じた(38%)。1H−NMR(CDCl3):δ8.10−7.42(m、5H、Bz)、6.44、6.38(ddd、J=2.0、4、4、4.0Hz、1H、4−H)、5.55、5.46(tt、J=3.2、4.0Hz、1H、2−H)、4.43(m、2H、2−CH2)、4.24(m、1H、5−H)、4.02(m、1H、5’−H)、2.11、1.99(ss、3H、Ac)。
HMDS(10mL)中2−アミノ−6−クロロプリン(2ミリモル、339mg)および(NH4)2SO4(10mg)の懸濁液を5時間還流し、透明溶液を乾燥に至るまで蒸発させた。残渣をCH2Cl2(10mL)中に溶解した。この溶液に、CH2Cl2(5mL)中のアセテート7(133mg、0.5ミリモル)の溶液、およびヨードトリメチルシラン(TMSI、2.6ミリモル、0.37mL)を0℃で添加した。混合物を室温で20時間攪拌し、3時間還流した。その結果生じた混合物を室温まで冷却し、pH7に中和した。有機溶液を乾燥し(Na2SO4)、溶媒を除去した。残渣をシリカゲルカラム(5%MeOH/CH2Cl2)によって精製すると、生成物を、3/2の比(β−異性体の方が多い)のα/β−異性体、2’−ベンゾイルオキシメチル−1’,3’−ジオキソラン−4’−イル−2−アミノ−6−クロロプリン(132mg、70%)の混合物を生じた。
Claims (19)
- R7は、アシル、シリル、アルキル、またはアラルキル基(C1〜20)である、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 化合物6のカルボキシル基の脱カルボキシル工程、およびプリンまたはピリミジン塩基、またはその誘導体とのカップリング、ついで脱保護によって式:III−VI:
Rは、H、ハロゲン、OH、OR’、SH、SR’、NH2、NHR’、NR’2、C1〜C4の低級アルキル、CH=CH2、N3C=CH2、CO2H、CO2R’、CONH2、CN、CONHR’、CH2OH、CH2CN、CH2CH2OH、CF3、CH2CH2F、CH=CHCO2H、CH=CHCO2R’、CH=CHCl、CH=CHBr、またはCH=CHIであり;
R’は、低級アルキル(C1〜4)であり;
各XおよびYは独立して、H、ハロゲン、OH、OCH3、SH、SCH3、NH2、NHR’、NR’2、またはCH3であり;かつ
Zは、CHまたはC−Xである)
のD−およびL−ジオキソランヌクレオシドを形成する工程
もさらに含む、請求項2に記載の方法。 - 式VIIおよびVIIIのエステルの加水分解に用いられる塩基は、有機または無機塩基またはこれらの組合わせである、請求項2に記載の方法。
- この塩基が、水性アルカリまたはアルカリ土類金属塩基である、請求項5に記載の方法。
- この塩基が、水性NaOHまたは水性KOHである、請求項6に記載の方法。
- 酸化が、NaIO4/RuCl3水和物、NaOCl/RuCl3水和物、KMnO4、NaIO4、およびKIO4、およびこれらの組合わせからなる群から選択される酸化剤を用いて実施される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 脱カルボキシルが、約−10℃から100℃で、非プロトン性溶媒または水、またはこれらの組合わせ中で実施される、請求項4に記載の方法。
- この溶媒が、非プロトン性溶媒である、請求項9に記載の方法。
- この溶媒が、ヘキサン、シクロヘキサン、トルエン、エチルアセテート、THF、ジオキサン、アセトニトリル、ジクロロメタン、ジクロロエタン、ジエチルエーテル、ジメチルホルムアミド(DMF)、ジメチルスルホキシド(DMSO)、ジメチルアセトアミド、またはこれらの組合わせである、請求項10に記載の方法。
- この酸がルイス酸である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- この酸がBF3エテレートである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 塩基またはその誘導体のシリル化;および
このシリル化塩基またはその誘導体の、ルイス酸の存在下における式6の化合物へのカップリング
による、プリンまたはピリミジン塩基、またはその誘導体のカップリング工程を含む、請求項4に記載の方法。 - ルイス酸が、錫テトラクロライド、チタンテトラクロライド、またはトリメチルシリルトリフレートからなる群から選択される、請求項14に記載の方法。
- この塩基またはその誘導体が、ヘキサメチルジシラザン(HMDS)でシリル化される、請求項14に記載の方法。
- 式II−VIのヌクレオシドを光学的に活性な形態において単離する工程もさらに含む、請求項4に記載の方法。
- この光学的に活性な形態は、再結晶化技術、光学的に活性な出発原料からの合成、キラル合成、またはキラル固定相を用いたクロマトグラフィー分離によるラセミ形態の分割によって単離される、請求項17に記載の方法。
- このプリンまたはピリミジン塩基は、アデニン、N6−アルキル−プリン、N6−アシルプリン(ここでアシルは、C(O)(アルキル、アリール、アルキルアリール、またはアリールアルキルである))、N6−ベンジルプリン、N6−ハロプリン、N6−ビニルプリン、N6−アセチレンプリン、N6−アシルプリン、N6−ヒドロキシアルキルプリン、N6−チオアルキルプリン、N2−アルキルプリン、N2−アルキル−6−チオプリン、チミン、シトシン、5−フルオロ−シトシン、5−メチルシトシン、6−アザピリミジン(6−アザ−シトシンを含む)、2−および/または4−メルカプトピリミジン、ウラシル、5−ハロウラシル(5−フルオロウラシルを含む)、C5−アルキルピリミジン、C5−ベンジル−ピリミジン、C5−ハロピリミジン、C5−ビニルピリミジン、C5−アセチレンピリミジン、C5−アシルピリミジン、C5−ヒドロキシアルキルプリン、C5−アミド−ピリミジン、C5−シアノピリミジン、C5−ニトロ−ピリミジン、C5−アミノピリミジン、N2−アルキル−プリン、N2−アルキル−6−チオプリン、5−アザシチジニル、5−アザ−ウラシリル、トリアゾロピリジニル、イミダゾロ−ピリジニル、ピロロピリミジニル、およびピラゾロピリミジニルからなる群から選択される、請求項4に記載の方法。
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JPS5753479A (en) * | 1980-07-28 | 1982-03-30 | Dynamit Nobel Ag | Substituted 2,5,7-trioxane-bicyclo(2,2,2)octane- 6-one, 3,6,8-trioxa-bicyclo(3,2,1)octane-4-one, 1,3-dioxane-2-carboxylic acid compound and 1,3-dioxolane-2-carboxylic acid compound and manufacture thereof |
JPH08501086A (ja) * | 1992-08-25 | 1996-02-06 | ユニバーシティ オブ ジョージア リサーチ ファウンデーション,インコーポレイテッド | エナンチオマー的に純粋なβ‐D‐ジオキソラン−ヌクレオシド |
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