JP2006280313A - Cultivation method and apparatus for flower seedling - Google Patents

Cultivation method and apparatus for flower seedling Download PDF

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JP2006280313A
JP2006280313A JP2005106955A JP2005106955A JP2006280313A JP 2006280313 A JP2006280313 A JP 2006280313A JP 2005106955 A JP2005106955 A JP 2005106955A JP 2005106955 A JP2005106955 A JP 2005106955A JP 2006280313 A JP2006280313 A JP 2006280313A
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light source
auxiliary light
flower
cultivation
seedlings
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Hitoshi Watanabe
均 渡辺
Toshio Ando
敏夫 安藤
Akihide Kudo
章英 工藤
Masanori Ishiwatari
正紀 石渡
Shinichi Abe
慎一 安部
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Chiba University NUC
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cultivation method for flower seedlings using sunlight and auxiliary light source together, and capable of stably producing excellent seedlings further efficiently, and to provide a cultivation apparatus for achieving the cultivation method. <P>SOLUTION: This cultivation method for flower seedlings comprises using sunlight and auxiliary light source together. The flower seedlings is irradiated with a light of 25-300 μmol/m<SP>2</SP>/s using the auxiliary light source. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、花卉苗の栽培方法及び栽培装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for cultivating flower seedlings.

光は植物の生育に欠かせない要素であり、この光を供給する主たる光源は太陽光である。太陽光の日射量は夏季晴天時には約10万ルクスという膨大な量にもなり、冬季であっても晴天時であれば約5万ルクスの日射量となるため、極めて有用な光源である。   Light is an essential element for plant growth, and the main light source that supplies this light is sunlight. The amount of solar radiation is an extremely useful light source because it is an enormous amount of about 100,000 lux when it is sunny in the summer and about 50,000 lux when it is sunny even in the winter.

しかし一方、上記太陽光を光源として用いた場合であっても、例えば冬季において曇雨天などの悪天候が長引いた場合、日射量の不足から植物の生長が遅延してしまうという問題がある。そこでこの日射量の不足に対し、補助光源として人工光源を用いる方法が考えられている。   On the other hand, even when the sunlight is used as a light source, there is a problem that the growth of plants is delayed due to insufficient solar radiation when, for example, bad weather such as cloudy weather is prolonged in winter. Therefore, a method of using an artificial light source as an auxiliary light source has been considered for the shortage of solar radiation.

この従来の方法として、例えば下記特許文献1に、植物育成用の可視光線ランプと藻やカビの発生抑制用の紫外線ランプとを備えた植物育成装置が記載されている。   As this conventional method, for example, Patent Document 1 described below describes a plant growing apparatus provided with a visible light lamp for plant growth and an ultraviolet lamp for suppressing the generation of algae and mold.

特開2003−339236号公報JP 2003-339236 A

しかしながら、上記特許文献1に記載の植物育成装置は、露地栽培やハウス栽培を対象としたものではなく、外光を遮断した空間内に植物苗を配置し、適切な温度環境及び光環境を常時人工的に提供して苗を育成する閉鎖型苗生産システムであり、太陽光と補助光源とを併用して行う栽培方法ではない。   However, the plant growing apparatus described in Patent Document 1 is not intended for outdoor cultivation or house cultivation, and plant seedlings are arranged in a space where external light is blocked, and an appropriate temperature environment and light environment are always maintained. It is a closed seedling production system that artificially provides and grows seedlings, and is not a cultivation method that uses sunlight and an auxiliary light source in combination.

そこで、本発明は、太陽光と補助光源とを併用して行う花卉苗の栽培方法において、より効率よく良い苗が安定的に生産できる栽培方法、更にはそれを実現するための栽培装置を提供することを目的とする。   Then, this invention provides the cultivation method which can produce more efficiently a good seedling stably in the cultivation method of the flower seedling seedling performed combining sunlight and an auxiliary light source, and also the cultivation apparatus for implement | achieving it The purpose is to do.

本発明者らは、上記課題について鋭意検討を行い、太陽光と補助光源とを併用する栽培方法において、様々な光の照射量等に対する植物の育成状況を検討したところ、補助光源を用いる際、20000ルクス以上38000ルクス以下の範囲、より望ましくは25000ルクス以上38000ルクス以上とすることで、非常に効率よく花卉苗を栽培することができる点に想到し、本発明をするに至った。   The present inventors diligently studied about the above problems, and in the cultivation method using both sunlight and an auxiliary light source, when examining the growing situation of plants for various light irradiation amounts, etc., when using an auxiliary light source, The inventors have conceived that flowering seedlings can be cultivated very efficiently by setting the range to 20000 lux or more and 38000 lux or less, more desirably 25000 lux or more and 38000 lux or more.

即ち、より具体的には、本発明に係る花卉苗の栽培方法は、太陽光と補助光源とを併用した花卉苗の栽培方法であって、補助光源を用いて花卉苗に光合成有効光量子束密度200μmol/m/s以上500μmol/m/s以下の光を照射することを特徴とする。この範囲の光照射量は、上記した光の照射量を達成でき花卉苗の育成に十分な量であるだけでなく、光照射に基づく熱エネルギーを花卉苗近傍に供給することができ、花卉苗近傍の温度の適正化に寄与し、良質な苗を安定的に供給させることが可能となる。また良質な花卉苗を短期間に生産することも可能となる。なおここで照射量は、花卉苗の設置面において測定した場合における照射量である。また、本発明の栽培対象とする花卉苗は特段に限定されるものではなく、種々の花卉苗に対して好適に用いることができるが、例えばアゲラタム、ペチュニア、ニチニチソウ、パンジー、マリーゴールド等が好適である。なお、より望ましい光合成有効光量子束密度の範囲としては300μmol/m/s以上500μmol/m/s以下である。 That is, more specifically, the method for cultivating flower seedlings according to the present invention is a method for cultivating flower seedlings using both sunlight and an auxiliary light source, and the photosynthesis effective photon flux density is applied to the flower seedlings using the auxiliary light source. and irradiating light below 200μmol / m 2 / s or more 500μmol / m 2 / s. The light irradiation amount in this range is not only sufficient to achieve the above-mentioned light irradiation amount, but also to supply heat energy based on the light irradiation to the vicinity of the flower seedling, It contributes to the optimization of the temperature in the vicinity, and it is possible to stably supply good quality seedlings. It is also possible to produce high-quality flower seedlings in a short period of time. Here, the irradiation amount is an irradiation amount when measured on the installation surface of the flower seedling. Further, the flower seedlings to be cultivated in the present invention are not particularly limited and can be suitably used for various flower seedlings. For example, ageratum, petunia, periwinkle, pansy, marigold and the like are preferable. It is. As the range of more desirable photosynthetic photon flux density is below 300μmol / m 2 / s or more 500μmol / m 2 / s.

またこの花卉苗の栽培方法において、補助光源は、近接照射することが望ましい。近接照射の範囲としては以下に限定されるわけではないが、50cm以上120cm以下離れて花卉苗に対し光を照射することも望ましい範囲である。上記の光合成有効光量子束密度の範囲にて目的を概ね達成することは可能であるが、補助光源が花卉苗からあまりに離れすぎてしまうと花卉苗近傍に対して熱エネルギーの供給を通じた適正化という効果が薄くなってしまう場合もあり、あまりに近づきすぎると植物に対して損傷を与えてしまう虞もあるため、花卉苗から50cm以上120cm以下離れた範囲で光を照射させることがより望ましい。なおここで上記花卉苗と補助光源との距離は、花卉苗の設置面からランプ中央までの距離とする。なお、花卉苗から補助光源までのより望ましい距離は80cm以上100cm以下である。   In this method for cultivating flower seedlings, it is desirable that the auxiliary light source is irradiated in proximity. Although the range of the proximity irradiation is not limited to the following, it is also a desirable range to irradiate the flower seedlings with a distance of 50 cm or more and 120 cm or less. It is possible to achieve the objective in the range of the above-mentioned photosynthetic effective photon flux density, but if the auxiliary light source is too far away from the flower seedling, it is called optimization by supplying thermal energy to the vicinity of the flower seedling In some cases, the effect may be diminished, and if it is too close, the plant may be damaged. Therefore, it is more desirable to irradiate light within a range of 50 cm to 120 cm away from the flower seedling. Here, the distance between the flower seedling and the auxiliary light source is the distance from the flower seedling setting surface to the center of the lamp. A more desirable distance from the flower seedling to the auxiliary light source is 80 cm or more and 100 cm or less.

またこの花卉苗の栽培方法において、補助光源として、高圧ナトリウムランプを用いることも好ましい態様である。高圧ナトリウムランプは極めて強い光量を提供することのできるランプであって、花卉苗に供給する光量とその光量を実現している状態において花卉苗に供給する熱エネルギー量のバランスが非常に優れており、より好ましい態様である。なお、高輝度放電灯としては例えば高圧ナトリウムランプ、水銀灯、メタルハライドランプがあり、これら単独でも、併用してもよい。   In this method for cultivating flower seedlings, it is also a preferable aspect to use a high-pressure sodium lamp as an auxiliary light source. The high-pressure sodium lamp is a lamp that can provide an extremely strong light amount, and the balance between the amount of light supplied to the flower seedling and the amount of heat energy supplied to the flower seedling in a state where the amount of light is realized is extremely excellent. This is a more preferable embodiment. Examples of the high-intensity discharge lamp include a high-pressure sodium lamp, a mercury lamp, and a metal halide lamp, which may be used alone or in combination.

また光の照射は、特段に限定されるわけではないが、夜間において3時間以上8時間以内行うことが望ましく、より望ましくは4時間以上7時間以内である。   Further, the light irradiation is not particularly limited, but it is preferably performed at night for 3 hours to 8 hours, and more preferably for 4 hours to 7 hours.

また、本発明に係る栽培装置は、太陽光と補助光源とを併用して花卉苗を栽培する栽培装置であって、前記補助光源は20000ルクス以上38000ルクス以下の光を花卉苗に照射することが可能であることを特徴の一つとする。この構成とすることにすることにより、上述した栽培方法を達成でき、より良質な苗が安定的に生産できる。なお、より望ましい照射量の範囲としては、25000ルクス以上38000ルクス以下である。適宜調整可能な部分はあるが、本発明は光合成有効光量子束密度を200μmol/m/s以上500μmol/m/s以下とすることで20000ルクス以上38000ルクス以下を達成しており、また、300μmol/m/s以上500μmol/m/s以下とすることで25000ルクス以上38000ルクス以下を達成することができている。 Moreover, the cultivation apparatus which concerns on this invention is a cultivation apparatus which grows a flower seedling using sunlight and an auxiliary light source together, Comprising: The said auxiliary light source irradiates a flower seedling with light of 20000 lux or more and 38000 lux or less Is one of the features. By setting it as this structure, the cultivation method mentioned above can be achieved and a higher quality seedling can be produced stably. A more preferable range of irradiation dose is 25000 lux or more and 38000 lux or less. There is suitably adjustable parts, the present invention has achieved the following 38000 lux 20000 lux by a photosynthetic photon flux density than 200μmol / m 2 / s or more 500μmol / m 2 / s, also, We are able to achieve 38000 lux or less than 25,000 lux by less 300μmol / m 2 / s or more 500μmol / m 2 / s.

また、本栽培装置において、補助光源からの光を花卉苗に向かって反射させる収納可能な反射部材と、を有することも望ましい。この構成とすることにより、昼間には反射部材を取り除いて太陽光を花卉苗に照射可能とする一方、日没後の夜間においては反射部材を配置してより効率のよい補助光の照射を花卉苗に行うことができ、更には、花卉苗周辺に反射部材を配置することで花卉苗周辺の温度条件を均一化することにも寄与する。なお反射部材としては、光源からの光を反射して花卉苗に照射させることができる限りにおいて特段の制限はないが、例えば光反射シート等が好適である。また反射部材の配置としても制限されるわけではないが、均一な光照射の観点からは花卉苗周辺全体を囲うよう反射部材を配置することはより望ましい態様である。 Moreover, in this cultivation apparatus, it is also desirable to have a storable reflection member that reflects light from the auxiliary light source toward the flower seedling. By adopting this configuration, the reflecting member is removed during the daytime so that the sunlight can be irradiated to the flower seedling. On the other hand, at night after sunset, the reflecting member is arranged so that more efficient auxiliary light irradiation can be performed. Furthermore, by arranging the reflecting member around the flower seedling, it contributes to uniforming the temperature condition around the flower seedling. The reflecting member is not particularly limited as long as it can reflect the light from the light source and irradiate the flower seedling, but for example, a light reflecting sheet is suitable. Further, although the arrangement of the reflecting member is not limited, it is more desirable to arrange the reflecting member so as to surround the entire flower seedling periphery from the viewpoint of uniform light irradiation.

また本栽培装置において、補助光源は、近接照射することが望ましく、より望ましくは花卉苗から50cm以上120cm以下だけ離れるよう配置されてなることも望ましく、補助光源として高輝度放電灯を用いてなることも望ましい態様である。なお、花卉苗から補助光源までのより望ましい距離は80cm以上100cm以下である。   Moreover, in this cultivation apparatus, it is desirable that the auxiliary light source is close-irradiated, more desirably, it is desirably arranged so as to be separated from the flower seedling by 50 cm or more and 120 cm or less, and a high-intensity discharge lamp is used as the auxiliary light source. Is also a desirable embodiment. A more desirable distance from the flower seedling to the auxiliary light source is 80 cm or more and 100 cm or less.

以上により、太陽光と補助光源とを併用して行う花卉苗の栽培方法において、より効率よく良い苗が安定的に生産できる栽培方法、更にはそれを実現するための栽培装置を提供することができる。   As described above, in a method for cultivating flower seedlings using both sunlight and an auxiliary light source, it is possible to provide a cultivation method capable of stably producing more efficient and good seedlings, and a cultivation apparatus for realizing the cultivation method. it can.

以下、本発明の実施の形態について、図面を用いて説明する。   Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

図1は本実施形態に係る栽培装置の概略図である。本栽培装置1は、植物の苗などを載せるためのベンチ2と、このベンチに固定される支柱群3と、この支柱群3に固定され、ベンチ2に対して所定の距離を保ち、ベンチに対し光を照射可能に配置される複数の補助光源4と、支柱群3に設置され、必要に応じて補助光源からの光を反射させて花卉苗に向かわせる光反射カーテン5と、を有して構成されている。この構成を採用することにより、植物の苗などと光源とを一定の距離に保つことができ、安定した光量と熱エネルギーを供給することができ、良質な苗を安定して栽培することができるようになる。   FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a cultivation apparatus according to the present embodiment. The main cultivation apparatus 1 includes a bench 2 on which plant seedlings and the like are placed, a support group 3 fixed to the bench, and a support group 3 fixed to the support group 3. A plurality of auxiliary light sources 4 arranged so as to be able to irradiate light, and a light reflection curtain 5 which is installed in the support column group 3 and reflects the light from the auxiliary light sources to the flower seedlings as necessary. Configured. By adopting this configuration, the plant seedlings and the light source can be kept at a certain distance, a stable amount of light and heat energy can be supplied, and high-quality seedlings can be cultivated stably. It becomes like this.

ベンチ2は、補助光源と花卉苗との距離を好適に保ち、花卉苗に照射される光の量を所望の範囲に保つために用いられるものであって必ずしも必須の要素ではないが、花卉苗の設置面(地面)のばらつきを防ぎ、花卉苗に照射する光量を安定させるためには極めて望ましい要素である。なおベンチ2には複数の穴が設けられるセルトレイを用いて花卉苗を配置することが好ましい。   The bench 2 is used to keep the distance between the auxiliary light source and the flower seedling suitably, and to keep the amount of light irradiated to the flower seedling in a desired range, and is not necessarily an essential element. This is an extremely desirable factor in order to prevent variations in the installation surface (ground) and stabilize the amount of light applied to the flower seedlings. In addition, it is preferable to arrange flower seedlings using a cell tray provided with a plurality of holes on the bench 2.

支柱群3は、補助光源と植物の苗との距離を一定に保つために必要な部材であって、一定に保つことができるものである限りにおいて支柱である必要は必ずしもなく、板や壁を要素として用いてもかまわない。但し、本栽培装置は太陽光と補助光源とを併用するものであるため、板や壁を用いる場合であっても昼間には太陽光を取り入れることができる程度に透明な部材であることが好適である。   The column group 3 is a member necessary to keep the distance between the auxiliary light source and the plant seedling constant, and is not necessarily a column as long as it can be kept constant. It can be used as an element. However, since this cultivation device uses sunlight and an auxiliary light source in combination, it is preferable that the cultivation device is a transparent member that can take in sunlight in the daytime even when using a plate or a wall. It is.

補助光源4は、植物の苗を安定に成長させるために必須な要素であり、植物に必要な光を供給するとともに、光源から放射される熱エネルギーによって植物の苗の成長を促進する。植物の花卉や苗の安定的な成長に必要な照射量としては20000ルクス以上の照射量、より望ましくは25000ルクス以上を実現できる必要がある。この照射量を達成することができる限り制限されるわけではないが、具体的には高圧ナトリウムランプ等の高輝度放電灯が好適である。また、光源とベンチとの距離は、光源の出力等によって異なるが、補助光源の出力が110w〜940wの高圧ナトリウムランプ(高輝度放電灯)である場合、概ね50cm以上120cm以下の範囲内にあることが望ましく、より望ましくは80cm以上100cm以下の範囲内である。補助光源の数は一つでも可能ではあるが、複数とすることが、花卉苗に照射される光や熱の均一性の観点から望ましい態様である。なお望ましい光合成有効光量子束密度としては200μmol/m/s以上500μmol/m/s以下、より望ましくは300μmol/m/s以上500μmol/m/s以下である。 The auxiliary light source 4 is an essential element for stably growing plant seedlings. The auxiliary light source 4 supplies light necessary for plants and promotes the growth of plant seedlings by thermal energy emitted from the light source. The irradiation dose required for stable growth of plant florets and seedlings needs to be able to realize an irradiation dose of 20000 lux or more, more preferably 25000 lux or more. Although not limited as long as this irradiation amount can be achieved, specifically, a high-intensity discharge lamp such as a high-pressure sodium lamp is suitable. The distance between the light source and the bench varies depending on the output of the light source and the like, but when the output of the auxiliary light source is a 110w-940w high-pressure sodium lamp (high-intensity discharge lamp), it is generally in the range of 50 cm to 120 cm. More preferably, it is in the range of 80 cm to 100 cm. Although the number of auxiliary light sources can be one, it is desirable to use a plurality of auxiliary light sources from the viewpoint of uniformity of light and heat irradiated to the flower seedlings. Note Desirable photosynthetic photon flux density 200μmol / m 2 / s or more 500μmol / m 2 / s or less, more desirably less than 300μmol / m 2 / s or more 500μmol / m 2 / s.

光反射カーテン5は、日没後の夜間において補助光源が使用される場合に、花卉苗とは異なる方向に漏れ出る光を反射させて花卉苗に向かわせるためのものであり、また、花卉苗周辺の温度条件を均一化することにも役立つ。光反射カーテン5は、昼間は太陽光を遮らないようにするため、本実施形態の例では支柱群3の梁部に収納可能となるよう設置されている。なお本実施形態では光反射カーテンを用いているが、温度条件のみを考慮するのであれば遮光カーテンとする構成も可能ではある。   The light reflecting curtain 5 is for reflecting the light leaking in a direction different from that of the flower seedling when the auxiliary light source is used at night after sunset and directing it toward the flower seedling. It also helps to make the temperature conditions uniform. The light reflecting curtain 5 is installed so as to be housed in the beam portion of the column group 3 in the example of the present embodiment so as not to block sunlight during the daytime. In the present embodiment, a light reflecting curtain is used. However, if only the temperature condition is taken into consideration, a configuration of a light shielding curtain is also possible.

以上により、太陽光と補助光源とを併用して行う花卉苗の栽培方法において、より効率よく良い苗が安定的に生産できる栽培方法、更にはそれを実現するための栽培装置を提供することができる。   As described above, in a method for cultivating flower seedlings using both sunlight and an auxiliary light source, it is possible to provide a cultivation method capable of stably producing more efficient and good seedlings, and a cultivation apparatus for realizing the cultivation method. it can.

なお、本実施形態の構成により、効率よい花卉苗育成のための光量の範囲を達成しつつそれと同時に熱エネルギーを供給して温度条件の適正化を図ることができるが、冬季における温度低下が補助光源による熱エネルギー供給を上回ることもあるため、補助的にヒーターを設けることも極めて望ましい態様である。   In addition, the configuration of this embodiment can achieve a range of light quantity for efficient flower seedling growth, and at the same time, supply thermal energy to optimize the temperature condition. Since the heat energy supply by the light source may be exceeded, it is also a very desirable aspect to provide a supplementary heater.

以下、上記実施形態のより具体的な例を用いて本発明の効果について確認した。
(実施例1:ペチュニア苗の栽培)
本実施例はペチュニアについて冬季栽培を行った例である。ペチュニア品種としてはバカラサーモンを用い、種は市販のものを購入した。播種容器としては288孔セルトレイ(縦18.3mm×横18.3mm×深さ45.7mm、容積8.0ml)を、播種用土としてはSIERRA LIORTICULTURAL PRODUCTS COMPANY製のメトロミックス 350を用い、セルトレイの各孔に播種を行った。子葉展開後、このセルトレイをベンチに配置した。
Hereinafter, the effect of the present invention was confirmed using a more specific example of the above embodiment.
(Example 1: Cultivation of petunia seedlings)
This example is an example of winter cultivation for petunia. Baccarat salmon was used as a petunia variety, and commercially available seeds were purchased. As a sowing container, a 288-hole cell tray (length 18.3 mm × width 18.3 mm × depth 45.7 mm, volume 8.0 ml) was used as seeding soil, and a metromix 350 manufactured by SIERRA LIOTICULPRODUCTS COMPANY was used. The holes were seeded. After the cotyledon development, this cell tray was placed on a bench.

ベンチは幅94cm、長さ26m、地上からの高さ63cmとし、補助光源の高さは補助光源の中央からベンチまで98cmとなるようにした。光反射カーテンはベンチの端より20cm離して配置し、高さは130cm(補助光源の高さより20cm高い)とした。   The bench was 94 cm wide, 26 m long, 63 cm high from the ground, and the height of the auxiliary light source was 98 cm from the center of the auxiliary light source to the bench. The light reflecting curtain was placed 20 cm away from the end of the bench, and the height was 130 cm (20 cm higher than the height of the auxiliary light source).

補助光源としては高圧ナトリウムランプ(NH110FL(110W)、NH220FL(220W)、NH360FL(360W)、NH940FL(940W)、松下電器製)を用い、光反射カーテンとしてはXLSスクリーン(XLSオブスキュラ、誠和製)を用いた。また、本栽培装置は栽培ハウス内に設置することで行ったが、栽培ハウス内の温度が18℃以下となった場合、栽培ハウス内の温度を18℃に保つべくヒーターを設けることにより行った。   A high pressure sodium lamp (NH110FL (110W), NH220FL (220W), NH360FL (360W), NH940FL (940W), manufactured by Matsushita Electric)) is used as an auxiliary light source, and an XLS screen (XLS Obscura, manufactured by Seiwa Co., Ltd.) is used as a light reflecting curtain. Was used. Moreover, although this cultivation apparatus was performed by installing in a cultivation house, when the temperature in a cultivation house became 18 degrees C or less, it performed by providing a heater in order to keep the temperature in a cultivation house at 18 degreeC. .

また、本発明の効果を確認すべく、ベンチを複数の区に分けた。具体的には補助光源による補光を行わない試験区1、補助光源としてNH110FLを用いた試験区2、補助光源としてNH220FLを用いた試験区3、補助光源としてNH360FL(360W)を用いた試験区4、補助光源としてNH940FLを用いた試験区5の合計5区に分けた。なお各区のベンチ幅は94cm、長さは3.4mとした。なお、試験区2における照射量は59μmol/m/sであり、同様に試験区3では134μmol/m/s、試験区4では209μmol/m/s、試験区5では475μmol/m/sであった。 In order to confirm the effect of the present invention, the bench was divided into a plurality of sections. Specifically, test group 1 in which supplementary light is not provided by an auxiliary light source, test group 2 in which NH110FL is used as an auxiliary light source, test group 3 in which NH220FL is used as an auxiliary light source, and test group in which NH360FL (360 W) is used as an auxiliary light source 4. Divided into a total of 5 sections, test section 5 using NH940FL as an auxiliary light source. The bench width in each section was 94 cm and the length was 3.4 m. The irradiation amount in the test group 2 is 59 μmol / m 2 / s. Similarly, the test group 3 is 134 μmol / m 2 / s, the test group 4 is 209 μmol / m 2 / s, and the test group 5 is 475 μmol / m 2. / S.

更に各区においては、施肥と光量による栽培への影響も考慮すべく、更に各区を週1回施肥を行った週1回施肥区、週2回施肥を行った週2回施肥区、週3回施肥を行った週3回施肥区に分け、それぞれについて栽培を行った。   Furthermore, in each ward, in order to consider the influence on the cultivation by fertilization and light intensity, each ward was applied once a week fertilized once a week, twice a week fertilized twice a week, three times a week. The fertilizer was divided into fertilizers three times a week and cultivated for each.

補光は21日間行い(1月26日播種、2月4日補光開始、2月26日計測)、昼間は太陽光による光照射を、夜間は補助光源による補光を行った。補光は1日5時間行った。なお、光を照射する時間としては、適宜調整可能であるが、3時間以上8時間以下、更には4時間以上7時間以下であることがより望ましい。これら範囲にすることにより、花卉苗に照射される一日の平均の光の量を20000ルクス以上38000ルクス以下の範囲とすることができ、花卉苗の成長に好適な範囲となると考えられる。なおこれ以下であると光の照射量が足りず植物の生長抑制の効果を得る量が少なくなり、これ以上であると光の照射量が多すぎ植物の育成を阻害してしまう場合もあるためである。   Supplementary light was carried out for 21 days (seeding on January 26, start of supplemental light on February 4, measurement on February 26), light irradiation with sunlight during the day, and supplementation with an auxiliary light source at night. Supplementation was performed for 5 hours a day. Note that the time for irradiating light can be adjusted as appropriate, but it is more preferably 3 hours to 8 hours, and more preferably 4 hours to 7 hours. By setting these ranges, it is considered that the average amount of light irradiated to the flower seedlings per day can be in the range of 20000 lux or more and 38000 lux or less, which is a suitable range for the growth of the flower seedlings. If the amount is less than this amount, the amount of light irradiation is insufficient, and the amount for obtaining the effect of suppressing the growth of the plant is reduced. It is.

(計測項目)
計測項目として、本葉長、本葉幅、草丈、株幅、葉緑素値、生体重、乾物重を計測項目とした。本葉長は、茎から葉先までの長さ(縦方向)として補光開始から5日後、10日後、17日後に夫々計測した。また本葉幅は本葉における横方向の長さとして上記本葉長と同日に計測した。また株幅は一つの株の端から端までの長さを株幅として上記本葉長と同日に計測した。更に、草丈は、土表面から茎頂までの長さとして、補光開始から17日後に計測した。更に、葉緑素値は、葉緑素計(CHLOROPHYLL METER SPAD−502、ミノルタ株式会社製)を用いて補光開始から17日後に計測した。生体重は、全重量、地上部量、地下部量を計測した。全重量及び地上部量はデジタル計測器(Chyo Balance Corporation社製:30g及び300g)を用いて補光開始後17日目に計測し、地上部量は全重量から地上部量を引いた値とした。乾物重さは、地上部と地下部とにわけ、一個体ずつ薬包紙に包み、3ヶ月間乾燥させた後に上記のデジタル計測器により計測した。なお計測の際、10個体まとめて計測し、その平均値とした。
(Measurement item)
As the measurement items, the main leaf length, the main leaf width, the plant height, the stock width, the chlorophyll value, the body weight, and the dry weight were used as the measurement items. The true leaf length was measured as the length from the stem to the leaf tip (longitudinal direction) 5 days, 10 days and 17 days after the start of supplementary light. The true leaf width was measured on the same day as the true leaf length as the lateral length of the true leaf. The stock width was measured on the same day as the true leaf length, with the length from end to end of one stock as the stock width. Further, the plant height was measured as the length from the soil surface to the shoot apex 17 days after the start of supplementary light. Furthermore, the chlorophyll value was measured 17 days after the start of supplementary light using a chlorophyll meter (CHLOROPHYLL METER SPAD-502, manufactured by Minolta Co., Ltd.). As for the live weight, the total weight, the above-ground part amount, and the underground part amount were measured. The total weight and the amount of ground part were measured on the 17th day after the start of supplementary light using a digital measuring instrument (Chyo Balance Corporation: 30 g and 300 g). did. The dry matter weight was measured by the above-mentioned digital measuring instrument after being divided into the above-ground part and the underground part, individually wrapped in medicine wrapping paper and dried for 3 months. At the time of measurement, 10 individuals were measured together and taken as the average value.

上記の栽培及び計測の結果を表1に、試験区1及び5における補光開始から21日後のペチュニアについての写真を図2に示す。
The results of the above cultivation and measurement are shown in Table 1, and a photograph of petunia 21 days after the start of supplementary light in test sections 1 and 5 is shown in FIG.

この結果、試験区2〜5のいずれにおいても試験区1に比べ優位差が観測できたが、特に試験区4、5において顕著な有意差が確認できた。特に試験区5の生体重は、週2回施肥区において試験区1の約4倍、週3回施肥区においては試験区1の約3倍と非常に有意であった。以上、本発明による有用性を確認することができた。特に図1で示すように結果は目視により一目で分かるほどであった。上は試験区5、下は試験区1である。   As a result, a significant difference was observed in all of the test groups 2 to 5 compared to the test group 1, but a significant difference was confirmed particularly in the test groups 4 and 5. In particular, the living weight of test group 5 was very significant, about 4 times that of test group 1 in the twice-weekly fertilization group, and about 3 times that of test group 1 in the three times weekly fertilization group. As mentioned above, the usefulness by this invention was able to be confirmed. In particular, as shown in FIG. 1, the results were easily seen at a glance. The top is test zone 5 and the bottom is test zone 1.

また、表2に本実施例に係る高圧ナトリウムランプによる試験区の気温上昇について確認を行った。結果を表2に示し、栽培期間のある一日における高圧ナトリウムランプが温度に及ぼす影響を図3に示す。
Table 2 also confirmed the temperature rise in the test area with the high-pressure sodium lamp according to this example. The results are shown in Table 2, and the effect of the high pressure sodium lamp on the temperature during the cultivation day on the temperature is shown in FIG.

この結果によると、対照区(試験区1)に対し、いずれも放射熱により高い温度上昇を見て取ることができ、特に940W区(試験区5)においては8℃以上も温度上昇が見られた。上記結果により、この成長促進効果は補助光源による光照射と光源による熱エネルギーの相乗効果であると推察される。特に図2で示すように、試験区5(940W区)においては、温度の上昇が極めて高く、花卉苗の成長に著しく寄与するものと推察される。   According to this result, it was possible to observe a high temperature increase due to radiant heat with respect to the control group (test group 1). From the above results, this growth promoting effect is presumed to be a synergistic effect of light irradiation by the auxiliary light source and thermal energy by the light source. In particular, as shown in FIG. 2, in the test group 5 (940 W group), the temperature rise is extremely high, and it is presumed that it significantly contributes to the growth of flower seedlings.

(実施例2:パンジー苗の栽培)
本実施例はパンジーについて冬季栽培を行った例である。パンジーの品種としてはFイオナ パープルアンドホワイトを用い、種は市販のものを購入した。
(Example 2: cultivation of pansy seedlings)
A present Example is an example which performed winter cultivation about pansy. As a variety of pansies, F 1 Iona purple and white was used, and commercially available seeds were purchased.

パンジーに対しては、2月4日に播種、2月15日に補光開始、3月11日計測した(補光は25日)。本葉長、本葉幅、株幅は補光開始から8日後、24日後(25日目)に行った。その他用いた器具、栽培方法、計測方法などはほぼ実施例1と同様である。この栽培の結果を表3に示す。
For pansies, seeding was carried out on February 4th, supplementary light started on February 15, and measurement was carried out on March 11 (complementary light was on the 25th). The true leaf length, true leaf width, and stock width were measured 8 and 24 days after the start of supplementary light (25th day). Other used instruments, cultivation methods, measurement methods, and the like are almost the same as those in Example 1. The results of this cultivation are shown in Table 3.

この結果、試験区1に対し、試験区2〜5のいずれにおいても、本葉長、葉面積、草丈、株幅、葉緑素値、生体重において有意差が見られ、特に、試験区4、5において顕著な有意差が確認できた。本発明の有用性を確認することができた。なお実施例1にて示した図1と同様、試験区1、3における栽培結果を図4に示す。上は試験区3における結果を、下は試験区1における結果を夫々示す。   As a result, a significant difference was observed in the true leaf length, leaf area, plant height, stock width, chlorophyll value, and body weight in all of the test groups 2 to 5 with respect to the test group 1. A markedly significant difference was confirmed. The usefulness of the present invention could be confirmed. In addition, the cultivation result in the test zones 1 and 3 is shown in FIG. 4 similarly to FIG. The top shows the result in test group 3, and the bottom shows the result in test group 1.

(実施例3:マリーゴールド苗の栽培)
本実施例はマリーゴールドについて冬季栽培を行った例である。マリーゴールドの品種としてはゲイトオレンジを用い、種は市販のものを購入した。
(Example 3: Cultivation of marigold seedlings)
In this example, marigold was cultivated in winter. Gate orange was used as a marigold variety, and commercially available seeds were purchased.

マリーゴールドに対しては、2月11日に播種、2月15日に補光開始、3月2日計測した(補光は16日)。本葉長、本葉幅、株幅は補光開始から8日後、15日後(16日目)に行った。その他用いた器具、栽培方法、計測方法などはほぼ実施例1と同様である。この栽培の結果を表4に示す。
For marigold, seeding was carried out on February 11 and supplementary light was started on February 15, and measurement was conducted on March 2 (complementation was on the 16th). The true leaf length, true leaf width, and stock width were measured 8 and 15 days after the start of supplementary light (16th day). Other used instruments, cultivation methods, measurement methods, and the like are almost the same as those in Example 1. The results of this cultivation are shown in Table 4.

この結果、試験区1に対し、試験区2〜5のいずれにおいても、本葉長、葉面積、草丈、株幅、葉緑素値、生体重において有意差が見られ、特に、試験区4、5において顕著な有意差が確認できた。   As a result, a significant difference was observed in the true leaf length, leaf area, plant height, stock width, chlorophyll value, and body weight in all of the test groups 2 to 5 with respect to the test group 1. A markedly significant difference was confirmed.

(実施例4:アゲラタム苗の栽培)
本実施例はアゲラタムについて冬季栽培を行った例である。アゲラタムの品種としてはブルーマリーを用い、種は市販のものを購入した。
(Example 4: Cultivation of ageratum seedlings)
This example is an example of winter cultivation of ageratum. Bluemary was used as a variety of ageratum, and commercially available seeds were purchased.

アゲラタムに対しては、2月27日に播種、3月4日に補光開始、3月22日計測した(補光は19日)。本葉長、本葉幅、株幅は補光開始から10日後、14日後、18日後(19日目)に行った。その他用いた器具、栽培方法、計測方法などはほぼ実施例1と同様である。この栽培の結果を表5に示す。
For ageratum, seeding was carried out on February 27, supplementary light was started on March 4, and measurement was carried out on March 22 (complementation was on the 19th). The true leaf length, true leaf width and stock width were measured 10 days, 14 days and 18 days (19th day) after the start of supplementary light. Other used instruments, cultivation methods, measurement methods, and the like are almost the same as those in Example 1. The results of this cultivation are shown in Table 5.

この結果、試験区1に対し、試験区2〜5のいずれにおいても、本葉長、葉面積、草丈、株幅、葉緑素値、生体重において有意差が見られ、特に、試験区4、5において顕著な有意差が確認できた。なお実施例1にて示した図1と同様、試験区1、3における栽培結果を図5に示す。上は試験区3における結果を、下は試験区1における結果を夫々示す。また、下記表6に高圧ナトリウムランプ補光時における気温についての表を示しておく。
As a result, a significant difference was observed in the true leaf length, leaf area, plant height, stock width, chlorophyll value, and body weight in all of the test groups 2 to 5 with respect to the test group 1. A markedly significant difference was confirmed. In addition, the cultivation result in the test sections 1 and 3 is shown in FIG. 5 similarly to FIG. The top shows the result in test group 3, and the bottom shows the result in test group 1. In addition, Table 6 below shows a table regarding the temperature at the time of supplementing the high pressure sodium lamp.

(実施例5:ニチニチソウ苗の栽培)
本実施例はニチニチソウについて冬季栽培を行った例である。ニチニチソウの品種としてはパシフィカピンクを用い、種は市販のものを購入した。
(Example 5: cultivation of periwinkle seedlings)
This example is an example of winter cultivation of periwinkle. Pacifica pink was used as a variety of periwinkle, and commercially available seeds were purchased.

ニチニチソウに対しては、5月5日に播種、5月16日に補光開始、5月31日計測した(補光は16日)。本葉長、本葉幅、株幅は補光開始から9日後、15日後(16日目)に行った。その他用いた器具、栽培方法、計測方法などはほぼ実施例1と同様である。この栽培の結果を表7に示す。
For periwinkle, seeding was performed on May 5 and supplementary light was started on May 16, and measurement was performed on May 31 (complementation was on the 16th). The true leaf length, true leaf width, and stock width were measured 9 and 15 days after the start of supplementary light (16th day). Other used instruments, cultivation methods, measurement methods, and the like are almost the same as those in Example 1. The results of this cultivation are shown in Table 7.

この結果、試験区1に対し、試験区2〜5のいずれにおいても、本葉長、葉面積、草丈、株幅、葉緑素値、生体重において有意差が見られ、特に、試験区4、5において顕著な有意差が確認できた。なお実施例1にて示した図1と同様、試験区1、3における栽培結果を図6に示す。上は試験区3における結果を、下は試験区1における結果を夫々示す。また、下記表8に高圧ナトリウムランプ補光時における気温についての表を示しておく。
As a result, a significant difference was observed in the true leaf length, leaf area, plant height, stock width, chlorophyll value, and body weight in all of the test groups 2 to 5 with respect to the test group 1. A markedly significant difference was confirmed. In addition, the cultivation result in the test sections 1 and 3 is shown in FIG. 6 similarly to FIG. The top shows the result in test group 3, and the bottom shows the result in test group 1. Table 8 below shows a table of the air temperature during supplementing with the high-pressure sodium lamp.

以上、本実施例により、太陽光と補助光源とを併用して行う花卉苗の栽培方法において、より効率よく良い苗が安定的に生産できる栽培方法、更にはそれを実現するための栽培装置を提供することができる。   As described above, according to the present embodiment, in the method for cultivating flower seedlings using both sunlight and an auxiliary light source, a cultivation method capable of stably producing more efficient seedlings, and a cultivation apparatus for realizing the cultivation method Can be provided.

栽培装置の概略を示す図。The figure which shows the outline of a cultivation apparatus. ペチュニアにおける栽培結果を示す図。The figure which shows the cultivation result in Petunia. 栽培期間のある一日における高圧ナトリウムランプが温度に及ぼす影響を示す図。The figure which shows the influence which the high pressure sodium lamp in a day with a cultivation period has on temperature. パンジーにおける栽培結果を示す図。The figure which shows the cultivation result in a pansy. アゲラタムにおける栽培結果を示す図。The figure which shows the cultivation result in ageratum. ニチニチソウにおける栽培結果を示す図。The figure which shows the cultivation result in a periwinkle.

Claims (8)

太陽光と補助光源とを併用した花卉苗の栽培方法であって、
前記補助光源を用いて花卉苗に光合成有効光量子束密度200μmol/m/s以上500μmol/m/s以下の光を照射する花卉苗の栽培方法。
A method for cultivating flower seedlings using both sunlight and an auxiliary light source,
Method of cultivating flowering plants irradiating the photosynthetic photon flux density 200μmol / m 2 / s or more 500μmol / m 2 / s or less light to flower seedlings using the auxiliary light source.
前記補助光源は、50cm以上120cm以下離れて花卉苗に対し光を照射することを特徴とする請求項1記載の花卉苗の栽培方法。   2. The method for cultivating flower bud seedlings according to claim 1, wherein the auxiliary light source irradiates the flower seedlings with light at a distance of 50 cm to 120 cm. 前記補助光源として、高輝度放電灯を用いてなることを特徴とする請求項1記載の花卉苗の栽培方法。   2. The method for cultivating flower seedlings according to claim 1, wherein a high-intensity discharge lamp is used as the auxiliary light source. 前記光の照射は、夜間において3時間以上8時間以内の範囲で行われることを特徴とする請求項1記載の花卉苗の栽培方法。   The method of cultivating flower seedlings according to claim 1, wherein the light irradiation is performed in a range of 3 hours to 8 hours at night. 太陽光と補助光源とを併用して花卉苗を栽培する栽培装置であって、
光合成有効光量子束密度200μmol/m/s以上500μmol/m/s以下の光を花卉苗に照射する補助光源を有する栽培装置。
A cultivation device for cultivating flower seedlings using both sunlight and an auxiliary light source,
Culture apparatus having an auxiliary light source for irradiating the photosynthetic photon flux density 200μmol / m 2 / s or more 500μmol / m 2 / s or less light to flower seedlings.
前記補助光源からの光を花卉苗に向かって反射させる収納可能な反射部材と、を有することを特徴とする請求項5栽培装置。 A cultivating apparatus comprising: a storable reflection member that reflects light from the auxiliary light source toward the flower seedling. 前記補助光源は、花卉苗から50cm以上120cm以下離れるよう配置されてなることを特徴とする請求項5記載の栽培装置。   6. The cultivation apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the auxiliary light source is arranged to be separated from the flower seedling by 50 cm to 120 cm. 前記補助光源は、高輝度放電灯を用いてなることを特徴とする請求項5記載の栽培装置。

The cultivation apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the auxiliary light source is a high-intensity discharge lamp.

JP2005106955A 2005-04-01 2005-04-01 Cultivation method and apparatus for flower seedling Pending JP2006280313A (en)

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