JP2006230204A - Green unit device and greening construction method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a greening construction method for greening a concrete-placed surface such as a rooftop or the like with trees and the like, and a vertical space of a balcony or the like having little choice of simple greening construction methods: and to provide a green unit device enabling the inexpensive construction of a full-scale garden where planted trees and the like grow well without dying from lack of water even though any specific expensive irrigation equipment is not provided. <P>SOLUTION: The green unit device is structured as follows: laying a waterproof sheet in a planting container; making a plant-placing rack; vertically dividing the inner part of the container into upper and lower parts so as to make the upper part a compound soil layer for planting and making the lower part a water tank; providing a rainwater-catching board at an upper edge part of the container so as to efficiently catch rainwater to regulate overflow and control the volume of water kept in the tank with an L-shaped water amount confirming pipe to automatically supply water into the soil with a water-supply rope; and firmly fixing the trees with an S-shaped anchor bolt to green the vertical space with ivy or the like via net-attached support pipes. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

The present invention can be used to plant trees, flowers, ivy plants, etc. on concrete placement surfaces such as rooftops, apartments and condominium balconies, building porches, house eaves, and other paved ground. The present invention relates to a green unit device and a tree planting method capable of improving the urban environment by the effect of mitigating the rise.

In urban areas, as urbanization progresses, high-rise buildings become more prosperous, and many roads and ground are paved with asphalt and concrete, impairing the conditions necessary for plant growth such as soil and water, creating a favorable natural environment. Is lost. In addition, thermal energy discharged from high-rise buildings is strongly requested to secure green spaces and maintain urban parks to regain the natural environment from the current situation, which is one of the causes of destroying the natural environment such as global warming.

However, as mentioned above, it is difficult to secure park sites and green areas in urban areas, so spaces for greening road edges and ground paved with rooftops, balconies, concrete, etc. of buildings and condominiums etc. However, since rooftops and balconies have concrete casting surfaces, various structures and methods are being developed when building gardens on this concrete casting surface.

As a conventional means for constructing a garden on a concrete placement surface, a tree growing apparatus main body is constituted by a base foundation body portion and an outer wall body composed of a frame-shaped angle body and a bowl-shaped angle body on the concrete placement surface, and an inner periphery. The surface portion is waterproofed, an overflow hole is formed at a predetermined height, and a water retaining material is filled in the space portion in which the inner space portion is formed between the inner peripheral surface portion and the flange portion of the frame-shaped angle body. Use a fixed auxiliary tool that can lock anchor pins and locking claws on a tree-growing device that is a water storage tank and has a net-like body installed so that the upper soil does not flow in, and a net body for preventing soil outflow. Etc. were fixed and planted.
Japanese Patent No. 3416799

The above patent document is a method developed by the present inventor, but has the following problems.
1 Lighter planting equipment.
2 Separation of blending soil layer and water tank.
3 Water supply method from the water tank.
4. Secure natural water necessary for plants to grow.
5 A method to check the amount of water stored.
6 Greening method of upper and lower spaces such as balconies.

As the weight reduction of the planting device, the conventional device was heavy in both the steel frame used for the foundation and the high-quality soil used for the soil, but the green unit device described in claim 1 is made of steel. It is a planting container that can be manufactured according to the construction site using lightweight materials that are lightweight, strong and easy to process, and are environmentally friendly. Bark compost, akadama soil, Kanuma soil, grass charcoal blending soil, and the second layer is artificial artificial soil blended with moss, coco peat, peat moss, grass charcoal, lightweight artificial with better water retention and drainage than good quality soil It is a green unit device that can significantly reduce the amount of embankment by using blending soil and fixing planted trees using S-type anchor bolts and fixing aids.

The separation method of the mixing soil layer and the water tank was the conventional method of storing the water such as rainwater by placing crushed coal of the water retention material in the container space, but the amount of water stored in the water retention material is summer, etc. When the water was drought, a drought occurred, and because the partition between the water retention material and the soil was only a net, the soil fell and mixed with the water retention material, or tree roots invaded. Therefore, by providing the planting installation stand according to claim 2, it can be separated into the mixing soil layer part and the water tank part vertically, and since no water retention material is used in the water tank, water storage is several times more than the conventional water storage amount. It became possible and the thirst was resolved. The planting stand is made of clogs made of cypress, foamed polystyrene, resin, etc. that are water resistant, lightweight and easy to process, and the width of the planting stand is 1cm thick fiber mat attached to the left and right inside the container. The surface is formed with a non-woven fabric and root-preventing sheet that prevents the mixing soil from falling and plant roots from entering the water storage tank, and a fixing wire mesh is formed on the surface to assist in fixing planted trees. The leg unit is a green unit device characterized in that the leg portion is narrower than the width of the planting base and a cavity is formed at the bottom of the leg so that water can freely flow and store water.

The water supply method from the water storage part to the planted plant was conventionally thought that the soil was directly absorbed from the water retention material of the water storage part and the plant absorbed water from the soil, but when observing the water supply situation, water was supplied from the upper part of the soil. However, the lower layer soil did not absorb water from the water retaining material, and there was often a break in water between the upper layer soil and the lower layer soil. Therefore, several water supply ropes made by combining Japanese paper and cotton according to claim 3 are put on the surface of the fiber mat from the water storage tank and placed on the upper part of the planting installation table, so that the entire soil for blending is based on the capillary principle. It is a green unit that can automatically supply water and keep good growth without draining. In addition, when water is supplied to a plant in a planting container that does not have a water storage tank, water is sprinkled from the topsoil, but hardly penetrates into the ground and is in a place 2 to 3 cm deep from the topsoil. Although water could not be said to be sufficient for plants, a vegetation installation stand was installed in the vegetation container, and water was distributed over the entire soil moderately by automatically supplying water from the water storage tank using the water supply rope. Is preserved.

  In order to secure the natural water necessary for the plants to grow, rainwater collected in the water collecting pipes formed on the four sides of the planting container has been stored in the water retaining material in the internal space. Even if the water could be stored, it was stored indirectly in the water retaining material, so the amount of water stored was less than the direct water storage. Therefore, by extending the rainwater collecting board according to claim 4 to the outside of the planting container in the wing shape on the left and right of the planting container, the water collecting area can be expanded and natural water can be secured, so that a sufficient water storage amount can be secured. The rainwater catcher is fixed to a fiber mat with an L-shaped round bar that can be inserted freely, and a vinyl sheet with a slot is inserted into an L-shaped round bar that extends outside the planting container in a wing shape. Insert a round bar into the insertion slot, fix the crossed round bars with bolts to make a rainwater catcher, and cover the rainwater catcher with a net-like bag to prevent damage and scattering of the mounting vinyl sheet. It is a green unit device that can be fixed to a container and efficiently collects rainwater without splashing, passes through a fiber mat, and is stored in a water storage tank.

The method for confirming the amount of stored water has been determined by experience from planted plants in the past, so it was not clear and also caused drainage. Therefore, by forming a water amount confirmation tube on the outer wall of the planting container according to claim 5, water management in the water tank can be easily performed even for an amateur and water drainage is eliminated. The water amount confirmation pipe is provided with a hole that can be installed horizontally on the outer wall surface from the bottom of the water storage tank, and the L-type transparent pipe with a net-like material formed at the pipe entrance into the water storage tank is treated to prevent water leakage. It is a green unit device that is installed and inserted into an L-shaped transparent tube to form an L-shaped water amount confirmation tube.

There has been no simple method for greening the upper and lower spaces. Therefore, a nylon net is stretched between the two spring built-in support pipes arranged on the left and right in the planting container according to claim 6, and the spring built-in support pipe is adjusted and fixed to a fence such as a balcony, It is a green unit that enables green space in the upper and lower spaces by planting ivy plants on the installed nylon net.

  Claim 7 is a green unit that can prevent rollover by attaching L-shaped metal fittings (length: 10 cm, width: 30 cm) to the left and right of the planting container in order to prevent rollover due to strong winds, etc. Device. Moreover, the L-shaped metal fittings may have an arbitrary length according to the size of the planting container.

Claim 8 forms root-proof, waterproof, water storage, water supply and drainage facilities in the planting container and a spring-supported column pipe with a nylon net that greens the upper and lower spaces, and a water amount confirmation tube and a rollover prevention device are configured on the outer wall. It is a green unit device. The planting stand can be installed in any container. For example, a free garden can be created by combining containers installed in a circular or square container. Anchor bolts are planted and fixed on the wire mesh for fixing the planting base and the fixing aids for fixing the trees, and the L-shaped brackets for preventing rollover are attached to both the front and back sides of the green unit. It is also a tree planting method characterized by preventing fallen trees and rollover due to strong winds.

Claim 9 forms root prevention, waterproofing, water storage, water supply / drainage facilities, and support pipe insertion holes in the planting container, and a water amount confirmation pipe and rollover prevention device are formed on the outer wall. Fixing upright with a fixing aid, and fixing the spring built-in column tube with a nylon net between two spring-loaded column tubes between the planting container and the balcony, etc. It is a greening method characterized by planting ivy plants on the net and greening the upper and lower spaces.

When building a garden on the rooftop, terrace, balcony, etc., weight and water management were the biggest problems, but the weight of the planting container and soil was reduced, and the rainwater collecting plate was installed. As a result, rainwater was collected and stored efficiently, and water management became easier with a water volume confirmation tube. Also, by attaching L-shaped metal fittings to prevent the planting container from overturning due to strong winds, etc., by planting ivy and shrub plants that fall on balconies etc. It is possible to improve the comfortable living environment due to the oasis effect of greening that blocks the sun, cool winds enter, leaves fall in the winter, and the sun directly hits it.

In addition, a fixing wire net is provided on the planting installation stand, and the planting tree is placed thereon, and the root winding part is planted and fixed by S-type anchor bolts and fixing aids, and planted by building wind or other strong winds. The landscape can be maintained without falling down.

It is easy to build a garden or flower bed on a soilless surface such as a concrete placement surface on the rooftop, balcony of apartments or condominiums, paved ground, etc., and drains trees, etc.・ It is possible to create a comfortable and comfortable healing space without fallen trees or rollovers.

  FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a green unit, FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a planting installation table, and FIG. 3 shows that a root-preventing sheet, a nonwoven fabric, and a fixing wire net are formed on the upper surface of the planting installation table. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing an L-type water amount confirmation tube, FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a state in which a rainwater collecting plate is disassembled, and FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a net-like bag body. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing an S-type anchor bolt for fixing a tree and a fixing auxiliary tool, and FIG. 8 is a state in which a planting tree is planted and fixed on a planting installation stand by the S-type anchor bolt and the fixing auxiliary tool. FIG. 9 is a completed perspective view of an embodiment of a green unit device in which an L-shaped bracket is formed.

  As shown in FIG. 1, 1 is a balcony, 2 is a concrete placement surface of a fence, and a place where a greening method is constructed on the concrete placement surfaces 1 and 2 using the green unit device body 3 according to the present invention. Show. Reference numeral 4 denotes a planting container designed to define a garden range. This planting container 4 includes a spring-supported column pipe 6, a nylon net 8, a planting installation table 12, a rainwater collecting plate 13, and an L-shaped water amount confirmation pipe 17. And a water supply rope 19 and an anchor bolt 23.

  In the figure, the green unit device main body 3 is formed of a recycled material (waste plastic) plate material / square material in a rectangular size of 1 m in length and 2 m in length, but is not limited to this size, and is circular. Alternatively, the spring built-in column pipe 6 and the nylon net 8 may be removed and used alone or in combination.

  Inside the planting container 4, an insertion pipe 5 having a thickness capable of inserting a spring-supported post pipe 6, which will be described later, is fixed to the inner wall surface at the left and right back by U-shaped metal fittings 5 a at one place, and a predetermined space ( To form the water storage tank 11, the planting table 12 is formed of cypress, foamed polystyrene, resin, etc. that is strong against water and easy to process by matching the size of the inner peripheral surface, and from the bottom to the height of the planting table 12 A waterproof sheet 10 is laid and formed on the inner peripheral surface portion of the sheet, a 1 cm thick fiber mat 15 for water supply is fixed to the entire left and right inner walls with an adhesive, and a planting installation table is installed.

The width of the planting base 12a is such that the fiber mat 15 having a thickness of 1 cm for water supply can be installed on the left and right sides of the planting container 4, and the planting base 12b is planted as shown in FIG. The width is narrower than the installation table surface 12a, and a cavity 12c is provided in the lower part so that water can freely flow and store water.
In addition, as shown in FIG. 3, a plant root is prevented from falling on the top surface 12 a of the planting stand as a measure for preventing plant roots from entering the outside of the planting container 4 and the space portion (water tank) 11. Then, the non-woven fabric is laid on the upper inner peripheral surface portion separated vertically by the planting installation table 12, and the fixing wire mesh 21 is fixed to the planting installation table 12 by the presser plate 22 with the presser screw.

Moreover, the height of the space part (water storage tank) 11 may be about 3 cm to 5 cm from the bottom surface part, and the waterproof sheet 10 is laid at this height. An overflow hole 16 is formed in the outer wall surface 4a so as to maintain a predetermined water storage state.

  13 is a rainwater collecting plate that efficiently secures rainwater outside the planting container 4, and the configuration is as shown in FIG. 4, the L-shaped round bar 13 a and the round bar 13 b are framed, and the fiber mat in the planting container 4 An L-shaped round bar 13a is inserted into and fixed to 15 and formed into a cylindrical shape on all sides. A vinyl sheet 13c conforming to the standard is inserted into the L-shaped round bar 13a in a wing shape, and the upper and lower cylindrical shapes of the vinyl sheet 13c are formed. The round bar 13b is inserted so as to cross the L-shaped round bar 13a, the L-shaped round bar 13a and the round bar 13b are fixed with bolts, and the net bag 14 shown in FIG. By fixing to the outer wall hook of the planting container 4 with the covering fixing rope 14a, it is possible to efficiently secure rainwater without scattering. In addition, as the material of the rainwater collecting plate 13, there are other wood type, iron plate type, plastic type, and resin type.

15 is a 1 cm thick fiber mat installed on the entire left and right inner wall surfaces of the planting container 4, installed without cutting from the upper part to the lower bottom part, supplying oxygen to the upper mixing soil 25, and the rainwater collecting plate 13. As a water passage for rainwater collected at, rainwater and makeup water are stored in the lower space (water tank) 11.

  Reference numeral 17 denotes an L-type water amount confirmation tube for grasping the amount of water stored. As shown in FIG. 6, a hole penetrating the outer wall surface 4a and the waterproof sheet 10 is provided in parallel with the bottom surface portion, and a transparent L-shaped tube 17a is inserted. A net 17b is attached to the lower mouth so that the ball 18 does not flow out into the space (water tank) 11 and waterproofed with a sealing material, and the water ball 18 in which the water level can be confirmed in the transparent L-shaped pipe 17a. Is an L-type water amount confirmation pipe 17 having a lid 17c crowned on the head of the transparent L-type pipe 17a.

  No. 19 water rope is a rope made of Japanese paper and cotton, and automatically supplies water stored in the space (water tank) 11 to the upper tree G and blending soil 25 using the capillary principle. The surface of the fiber mat 15 is placed from the water storage tank 11, the hole through which the water supply rope 19 passes is passed through the upper root-proof sheet 20 and the nonwoven fabric 20a, and is arranged in the vicinity of the mixing soil 25 and the tree root Ga.

Based on the technical knowledge obtained from experience, the above-mentioned soil for blending 25 is a dry moss 50%, a coco pate 20%, which is excellent in water retention and drainage in the lower layer of about 3 cm with respect to the planting container 4. It is assumed that 20% peat moss and 10% grass ash are blended, and the upper layer is loaded with a base material blended with 40% bark compost, 20% red ball soil, 20% Kanuma soil, and 10% grass ash.

The root protection sheet 20 has a planting container 4 inner wall surface, a planting installation surface 12a, and an upper fiber mat 15 surface so that the tree root Ga does not enter the space (storage tank) 11 outside and below the planting container 4. Lay to protect the part. Moreover, the nonwoven fabric 20a is laid and protected so that the blending soil 25 does not fall into the lower space portion (water tank) 11 on the root-proof sheet 20. Since the water-proof sheet 20 and the non-woven fabric 20a allow water to pass through, excess water such as rainwater passes through the non-woven fabric 20a and the root-proof sheet 20 and passes through the fiber mat 15 to store water in the space portion (water tank) 11. Is done.

  In FIG. 1, a support rod 7 having the same length as the interval between the left and right insertion tubes 5 fixed to the planting container 4 is placed near the heads of the left and right spring-supported column tubes 6. Fix it with screws and adjust the height of the ridge 2 to lower the nylon net 8 through the edge rope 8a between the support bar 7 and between the planting container 4 and between the right and left spring-supported column pipes 6, and then close the band 9 Then, the nylon net 8 is fixed to the spring built-in column pipe 6 and the support bar 7. The spring built-in column pipe 6 fitted with the nylon net 8 is inserted into the insertion tube 5, and the height adjustment port 6 a is adjusted so that the spring built-in column pipe 6 supports the planting container 4 and the basket 2, and the spring built-in column pipe 6 is fixed by the repulsive force of the spring built in, and is further firmly fixed by the rubber cap 6b of the head with the protection of the adhesive surface and the adhesive frictional force.

  FIG. 7 shows a fixing auxiliary tool 24 for fastening and fixing the S-type anchor bolt 23 for fixing the planted tree G and the root winding portion Ga. First, as shown in FIG. 8, the rooted sheet 20, the nonwoven fabric 20 a, and the fixing wire net 21 are formed on the top surface of the planting installation table 12. One of the S-type anchor bolts 23 corresponding to the height of the winding part Ga is formed on the fixing wire mesh 21 so as to be in close contact with the root winding part Ga and fixed to each S-type anchor bolt 23 head. The tool 25 is hung, the root winding portion Ga is fastened, the planted tree G is planted and fixed, the blending soil 25 is covered with a specified amount, and can be planted and held in a stable state. And since the root part of the said planting tree G is hold | maintained and fixed with the S type anchor bolt 23 and the fixing auxiliary tool 24, even if there exists a strong wind and a vibration, it does not fall down.

  The L-shaped metal fitting 24 shown in FIG. 9 is attached to the right and left outer wall surfaces of the green unit apparatus main body 3 with gold screws when there is a possibility that the green unit apparatus main body 3 with a narrow depth may roll over due to strong winds or the like. It is fixed to prevent rollover. Fig. 9 shows an example of the completion of a greening of a balcony using a green unit. A shrub is planted in front of the planting container, and deciduous ivy is planted in the nylon net at the back. By greening the directional space, it is possible to improve the living environment by taking advantage of the characteristics of plants to be planted, such as blocking the sun in the summer and warm in the winter.

  Improve the urban environment by making it possible to plant trees on rooftops and other concrete, as well as in apartments and condominium balconies, building pouches, house eaves, etc. Can do. In other words, urban areas with a lot of concrete structures can be planted inexpensively and easily with simple equipment, and the temperature rise phenomenon (heat island phenomenon) can be mitigated by the oasis effect of plants. Maintenance and maintenance are facilitated by installing a tank, water supply rope, and water amount confirmation pipe, and the landscape is maintained well as a garden without dying planted plants even when dry, and it is likely to be used in the future It became a thing.

It is sectional drawing which shows a green unit apparatus. It is a perspective view which shows a planting installation stand. It is a perspective view which shows having formed the waterproof sheet | seat, the nonwoven fabric, and the wire mesh for fixing on the planting installation stand surface. It is sectional drawing which shows an L-type water amount confirmation pipe | tube. It is a perspective view which shows the state which decomposed | disassembled the rainwater collecting plate. It is a perspective view which shows a net-like bag body. It is a perspective view which shows the S type anchor bolt for tree fixation, and a fixing auxiliary tool. It is sectional drawing which shows the state which planted and fixed the planting tree to the planting installation stand with the S type anchor bolt and the fixing auxiliary tool. It is a completed perspective view of an example of the greening method in the green unit apparatus which forms an L-shaped metal fitting.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Concrete casting surface 2 ３ 3 Green unit apparatus main body 4 Planting container 5 Insertion pipe 5a U-shaped metal fitting 6 Spring built-in support pipe 6a Adjustment port 6b Rubber cap 7 Support bar 8 Nylon net 8a Edge rope 9 Closed band 10 Waterproof sheet 11 Space (water tank)
12 Planting installation stand 13 Rain water collecting board 13a L-shaped round bar 13b Round bar 13c Vinyl sheet 14 Net-like bag 14a Fixed rope 15 Fiber mat 16 Overflow hole 17 L-type water amount confirmation pipe 17a Transparent L-type pipe 17b Net 17c Lid 18 Ukitama 19 Water supply rope 20 Root prevention sheet 20a Non-woven fabric 21 Fixing wire mesh 22 Presser plate 23 S-type anchor bolt 24 Fixing aid 25 Mixing soil 26 L-shaped metal fitting G Tree Ga Root winding part

Claims (9)

Use a recycled material (waste plastic) to waterproof the bottomed container with the top open, and separate it up and down on a planting stand that forms a root-proof sheet, non-woven fabric, and wire mesh for fixing, and the top is the soil for compounding Layer, rainwater collecting plate to secure rainwater, fiber mat for water supply formed to the bottom of the lower part, the lower part forms a water tank, overflow hole, water supply rope, and prevents the rollover due to water volume confirmation pipe, strong wind, etc. on the outer wall Nylon nets are attached to the support pipes with built-in springs in the planting vessel in which the metal fittings are formed, and the planted trees are planted and fixed using S-type anchor bolts and fixing aids that prevent the upper and lower spaces from greening and planted trees falling down. This is a green unit device. The planting table is made of cypress, foamed polystyrene, resin, etc. that are strong against water and easy to process, with a root-proof sheet, non-woven fabric and fixing wire mesh on the top, and the legs are wider than the planting table. 2. The green unit apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a narrow U-shaped cavity is provided at the bottom of the leg so that water flows freely and is stored.   The lower part of the planting installation base forms a cavity (water tank), and automatic water supply from the bottom to the upper mixing soil layer and the planting plant can be performed from the water tank by a water supply rope that combines Japanese paper and cotton. The green unit apparatus according to claim 1 or 2.   2. The green unit device according to claim 1, further comprising a rain water collecting plate for taking in more rain water into the water storage tank and securing a water storage amount. 2. The green unit device according to claim 1, wherein a water amount confirmation pipe is formed on the outer wall of the container so that the amount of stored water can be seen at a glance, and drought is eliminated. A nylon net is attached between two spring built-in strut pipes, and the spring built-in strut pipes are connected like a pillar between a planting container and a bush, and the upper and lower spaces can be greened. The described green unit device.   The green unit device according to claim 1, wherein an L-shaped metal fitting is provided on the outer wall of the planting container so that the planting container does not roll over due to strong winds or the like.   In order to prevent planted trees in the planting container according to claims 2 to 7 from overturning and scattering due to wind and rain, etc., planting and fixing planted trees using S-type anchor bolts and fixing aids Greening method characterized by Greening up and down spaces such as balconies, eaves under the eaves, etc., using two spring built-in support pipes connected in the planting container according to claims 1 to 8 with nylon nets Greening method characterized by

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