JP2005530607A - Machine comprising a non-contact application device and a material smoothing device for processing a sheet of material, preferably made of paper or cardboard, and optionally producing a sheet of material prior to the processing - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed is a machine for manufacturing and processing a sheet of material, preferably made of paper or cardboard, with at least one device (40a-1) for smoothing the sheet of material, It includes at least one application device (20a-1) with at least one non-contact application unit combined. The machine of the present invention smoothes the running sheet of material (M) in an on-line or off-line process before and / or after the application of the medium, while the liquid or pasty application medium is contacted in a non-contact manner with the material (M). It can be applied to at least one side of the traveling seat.

Description

  The present invention is a machine for manufacturing and processing or processing a material web, preferably made of paper or cardboard, and a material web distribution device designed to continuously distribute the material web and liquid or pasty applications At least one applicator disposed along the material web path after a material web dispensing device for applying media to at least one side of the movable material web, and an applicator for drying the movable material web to a dry state And a drying device arranged along the material web path and a drying device for processing and / or picking up and / or discharging the material web, preferably a material web reel up for reeling up the material web onto each material web reel And at least the devices placed along the material web path It relates to a machine that contains.

  The present invention therefore relates firstly to a machine capable of manufacturing and processing, known as on-line operation, which involves applying an application medium to at least one side of a material web. In this type of machine, only contact application devices (coating units) are conventionally used as application devices.

  Second, the present invention relates to other machines used in processing, known as off-line operation, including applying application media to at least one side of a material web. This type of machine is a machine (coating or applicator) that is separate from the machine that produces the material web, in which the material web to be treated is fed, usually in the form of a material web reel. In this type of machine, contact application devices (coating units) and non-contact application devices (non-contact coating units) are used as application devices.

  Contact application devices (coating units) can be problematic because performance (runnability) and average operating time during operation pauses can be compromised as a result of contact application or coating. In this way, there is an increased risk of the web being damaged in the application unit (coating unit) and as a result the entire production line is stopped.

  Compared to online operation, offline operation is less volume efficient with respect to coating the material web.

  For many applications, materials with high smoothness and possible gloss are desirable. In order to obtain such quality, the material web can be calendered on a smoothing unit online with a two-roll soft calender to machine finish or high-definition machine finish. In addition, there are many material qualities, and traditionally had to be calendered off-line in further operations after the production of the material web in a suitable machine or coating with a coating machine. Calendaring has a significant effect on the material, especially the surface structure of paper and board, and thus affects both the visual appearance and printability. Calendaring is a very important operation, especially for coated paper. After coating, smoothness and possible gloss are obtained. After own coating usually results in inadequate smoothness and inadequate gloss.

When the coating is performed in an off-line operation, the calendering is usually performed in a separate off-line process with a suitable smoothing machine (eg, a super calender or soft calender) separated from the coating machine. Due to the two off-line processes carried out one after the other by separate machines, the volumetric efficiency is reduced.
German Patent Application Publication No. 100 12 256A1 German Patent Application Publication No. 197 35 588 A1 German Patent Application Publication No. 195 13 531 A1

  The object of the present invention is to provide a machine of the type described above that can provide a material with good performance and runnability, with good volumetric efficiency and high smoothness and possible gloss.

  To achieve this objective, the application medium is discharged into at least one free application medium jet or application medium curtain or application medium veil or application medium droplet spray, based on the force applied to the application medium and / or a moving impulse. And / or at least one non-contact application unit designed to be applied to the material web based on gravity-induced movement of the application medium, the material web smoothing device in front of the application device An application device is proposed that includes at least one non-contact application unit provided along and / or a later processing path. In addition to application based on gravity, for example, application based on electrostatic force can be considered.

  According to the proposal of the present invention, the non-contact application of the application medium to at least one side of the material web, in particular the non-contact coating (one side or both sides) of the material web, takes place in an on-line or off-line operation of the machine. The material web smoothing device integrated in the machine ensures high smoothness and possible gloss on one or both sides of the material web.

  If the machine does not produce a material web, i.e. if the application (coating) and smoothing are carried out in an off-line operation, the smoothing device and the applicator are integrated into one machine for application and smoothing. Both are performed in an off-line process, resulting in a significant increase in volumetric efficiency.

  If the machine is used to produce a treated (coated or smoothed) (online process) material web, then further to the extent of the application of the application medium, conventional contact coating in on-line operation. Combined with the advantages of traditional non-contact coatings in off-line operation, specifically, on the one hand, high volumetric efficiency of on-line operation and non-contact non-contact coating conventionally used only in off-line operation Good running performance. According to the invention, a high smoothness and possible gloss of the material is obtained with the material web smoothing device.

  The machine preferably has a material web smoothing device along the material web path, at least before the application device. When connected to the material web smoothing upstream of the application medium application, the non-contact application method, in particular the coating method, is useful and effective as long as it maintains the material web surface contour for the most part ( Called "Coating Method"). That is, the rough contour of the material web is not flat and is smoothed or relatively less smoothed by the application medium. The smoother the material web prior to application of the application medium, the higher the product quality. In this regard, it has been shown that smoothing first and then applying the contour coating is better than smoothing the rough contour after coating.

  It is clear that there is an advantage if the material web smoothing device is designed for calendering the material web at least on one side so that the material web roughness remains at 5 μm, preferably at most 3 μm. Has been. These material web roughness values are preferably related to values determined by the PPS method (Parker Print Surf). : Roughness (PPS-10s) is ≦ 5, preferably ≦ 3.

  With regard to the material web smoothing device or material web roughness obtained by the latter, these roughness values obtained based on the normal operating parameters of the machine are considered to be predominant.

  Furthermore, the material web smoothing device can also be provided along the material web path after the application device, for example to obtain a particularly high smoothness or a particularly high gloss. However, for many applications, the material web smoothing device in front of the application device can ensure sufficient smoothness or sufficient gloss.

  The material web smoothing device is selected from the group comprising soft nip calender, wide nip calender, hard nip calender, super calender, multi-niche smoothing unit (eg Janus), 1-nip calender, 2 nip calender It is advantageous to have a smoothing unit.

  For the application of the application medium, a method known as curtain application method (curtain coating) is probably used. For this purpose, at least one non-designed as a curtain application unit which discharges the application medium in the form of at least a curtain or a veil to the material web, preferably based at least preferentially on the movement of the application medium induced by gravity. A contact application unit has been proposed. Alternatively, a method known as a spray application method (spray coating) can also be used. For this purpose, a spray that discharges an application medium in the form of an application medium droplet spray or application medium jet to the material web as it emerges from the nozzle configuration, preferably based at least preferentially on a moving impulse applied to the application medium. At least one contactless application unit designed as an application unit is proposed.

  The curtain application method is preferred over the spray application method. This is because higher product quality is obtained based on the curtain lawful method, and the curtain application method requires less maintenance than the spray application method.

  The machine according to the invention can have at least one further material web processing device. Such further material web processing devices may process and / or pick up between the material web forming device and the dewatering and drying section, or between the dewatering and drying section and the applying device, or between the applying device and the drying device, or between the drying device and the material web. And / or integrated into the material web between the releasing devices or integrated into the material web forming device or dewatering section or applicator or drying device or material web processing and / or picking up and / or releasing device web The

  As already mentioned, the machine according to the invention can also be used to produce material webs. To date, it has been proposed that a material web dispensing device includes a material web dispensing device designed to form a material web continuously from a raw material supplied with a material web, preferably a fibrous suspension. In general, the dewatering and drying section consists of a material web forming device and applicator designed to extract water from a moving material web at least by heat and / or mechanical action and to dry the material web to at least residual moisture content. Between the material web paths. A material web smoothing device placed along the material web path before the application device is in particular adapted to be placed between the dehydration and drying section and the application device or to the drying section part of the dehydration and drying section It is useful to do. In this regard, at least one further material web processing device can be disposed along the material web path between the material web forming device and the dewatering and drying section, or between the dewatering and drying section and the applicator, and In this case, the material web smoothing device according to the invention can be connected upstream and downstream as appropriate, or integrated into the material web performing device in the dewatering and drying section.

  However, the machine can also be a machine that performs media application and smoothes the material web in an off-line process. For this purpose, the material web dispensing device may include a material web unwind that unwinds the material web from each material web reel. The material web smoothing device described above, which is arranged along the material web path in front of the application device, is usually arranged between the material web unwind and the application device. For at least one further material web processing device, arranged along the material web path between the material web unwind and the application device, and in this case for the material web smoothing device according to the invention, optionally upstream and It can be connected downstream or integrated into a material web unwind.

  Furthermore, non-contact application with a suitable application device is also advantageous, especially when the application medium is applied to a material web that is movable at multiple application points of the machine. The material web is less stressed by non-contact application than by contact application of the application medium, and the risk of web breakage is reduced, thus improving performance or runnability.

  According to another aspect, the invention also relates to a non-contact application unit, in particular a curtain application unit or a spray application unit, for applying a liquid or pasty application medium to a moving material web, preferably paper or board. It also relates to the use and use of a material web smoothing device for smoothing a moving material web, preferably paper or board. According to the invention, a non-contact application unit which firstly applies a liquid or pasty application medium to a moving material web, preferably paper or board, and secondly smoothes or glosses the material web, and The material web smoothing device is used in combination in an online process in a machine that manufactures and processes the material web or in an offline process in a machine that processes the material web.

Furthermore, the present invention provides a method for treating a material web, preferably paper or board. According to the present invention,
Applying a liquid or pasty application medium to at least one side of the movable material web;
Smoothing at least one side of the material web before and / or after non-contact application;
A method comprising at least a step of drying the material web.

  Regarding the performance of the method, in particular if necessary, first dry and then smooth, if desired, once again, then apply in a non-contact manner and then dry, if desired, smooth again A series of operations can be considered.

  In particular, the present invention proposes a non-contact coating and a suitable smoothing unit, in particular a calendar smoothing, in an integrated process, and it is possible to carry out the smoothing before or after coating. Smoothing with a calendar before coating replaces the conventional smoothing unit, provides a particularly good base for coating and also improves the final quality (high smoothness or high gloss) in the integrated process. Application of curtain coating to a very smooth raw material (base paper) results in a very smooth end product. Smoothing according to the invention before and / or after coating application is particularly important because the coating quality depends on the quality of the raw material (base paper).

  The following are also added: With respect to non-contact application of the application medium, in particular non-contact coating, firstly the application is carried out without contact, and secondly the weighing and preferably homogenization of the application medium applied by a doctor device etc. is not required. It is mainly considered to apply an applicable medium to Application of the application medium is therefore preferably carried out from the start with both accurate metering and appropriate uniformity of the material web surface. That is, the application of the material web is not excessive (known as a one-to-one application).

  The invention will be explained in greater detail in the following text using exemplary embodiments shown in the drawings.

  The partial views 1a, 1b and 1c in FIG. 1 each schematically show an example of a paper machine according to the invention. This can be a long paper machine, for example. The papermaking machine 10a, 10b or 10c has a wet end 12a, 12b or 12c with an associated flow box and an associated material supply system. The material feed system is designed to feed fibrous suspension into a constant flow flow box, the flow box and wet end for web formation and web guidance with uniform fiber distribution and dewatering. It is used. Along the material web path starting with section 12a, 12b or 12c, this section is followed by a press section 14a, 14b or 14c, in particular, to ensure that the material web is mechanically dehydrated by pressing. Used.

  Along the material web path, the press section is followed by a drying section 16a, 16b or 16c where the material web is thermally dried (thermal dewatering).

  According to the embodiment of FIG. 1, after the drying section, for example, a material web smoothing device 18a, 18b known as a calendar (eg a soft nip calender or a wide nip calender) or other suitable type of smoothing unit. Or 18c is arranged.

  In all exemplary embodiments, along the material web path after the smoothing unit, a non-contact coating unit 20a, 20b or 20c is arranged, preferably as an application device known as a curtain application unit, and an application medium (especially The coating medium) is applied to one side of the material web in a non-contact manner. In the case of curtain application units, it is preferably based at least preferentially on the gravity-induced movement of the application medium emerging from a slot nozzle or the like known as a curtain or bale. The application is made either on the side of the material web that can be recognized as the upper side that covers at least the main part of the entire material web path, or on the side of the material web that can be recognized as the lower side of the material web that covers at least the main part of the entire material web path. It is also possible to face upward in a certain area of the area of the application unit.

  The application unit or coating unit 20a or 20b is followed by a final drying section 22a or an intermediate drying section 22b. On the other hand, the coating unit 20c is followed by a further coating unit 24c which applies the medium to the other end of the material web and, like the coating unit 20, applies the coating medium to the material web in a non-contact manner. According to the embodiment of FIG. 1b, a further coating unit 24b of this type is arranged after the intermediate drying section 22b.

  Along the material web path, the coating unit 24b or 24c is followed by a final drying section 26b or 26c, at the end of the material web path, in the case of all three embodiments, the material web reel ups 28a, 28b or 28c, used to roll up a web of material coated on one or both sides, known as a spool.

  In FIG. 1d, a schematic view of a coating machine according to the invention is shown. The coating machine 10d has a material web unwind 17d that rewinds the treated material web from the material web reel of each spool. Before providing the application medium on both sides of the material web by means of the non-contact coating units 20d, 24d, for example to a material web smoothing device 18d known as a calender (for example a soft nip calender or a wide nip calender) or Another suitable type of smoothing unit is fed with the unwound material web. Since there is no intermediate drying between media applications, this machine 10d configuration corresponds to the machine 10c configuration according to FIG. 1c. The coating unit 24d is followed by a drying section 26d with a material well reel up 28d at the end of the material web path.

  FIG. 2 shows a first embodiment of possible operations of the machine 10a according to FIG. There is a drying device 30a-1 of the drying section 16a, which is used for the thermal drying of the material web M by circulating a belt 32a-1 and presses against a drying cylinder 34a-1 capable of heating the material web M. The material web M is then contact dried. In any case, the drying cylinder 36a-1 used to dry the felt is assigned to the felt 32a-1.

  Through the smoothing unit 40a-1 belonging to the material web smoothing device 18a, the material web M emerging from the drying device 30a-1 is represented by smoothing rolls 42a-1 and 44a-1 acting on both sides of the material web M. Guided to guide roll configuration 38a-1. This is known, for example, as a soft nip smoothing unit or a wide nip smoothing unit.

  The material web is directed to a further guide roller arrangement 46a-1 through an application device 20a-1 having a curtain application unit represented by a discharge head 52a-1. In the form of an application medium veil or application medium curtain, the discharge head discharges the application medium while metering and abuts on the upper side of the material web M based on the movement of gravity, as shown in the illustrated embodiment, as desired. It remains on this side of the material web without further metering or homogenization to give an application or coating. As known in the prior art (see, for example, Patent Document 1, Patent Document 2, and Patent Document 3), it is advantageous to assign end guide components or the like to the discharge head 52a-1 to the curtain or bale. .

  The material web M provided or coated on the application medium enters the convection or hot air dryer 60a-1 as an example of a non-contact drying device, where the material web M and the application medium applied thereto are dried, and later the drying device 30a. With the -1 type of further drying device 70a-1, the contact drying of the material web is carried out without loss of quality. The drying device 70a-1 belongs to the final drying section 23a together with the dryer 60a-1.

  As shown in FIG. 1a, the final drying section 22a is followed by a material web reel up 28a. However, a further material web processing device can be connected upstream of the material web reel-up, for example a further smoothing device.

  A further possibility for the execution of the machine 10a according to FIG. 1a is shown in FIG. The drying device 30a-2 of the type of the drying device 30a-1 according to FIG. 2, the smoothing unit 40a-2 corresponding to the smoothing unit 40a-1 according to FIG. 2, and the curtain application unit are shown as 52a-2 in FIG. An application device 20a-2 represented by a discharge head is also possible. Compared to the embodiment of FIG. 2, the material web M is guided to a guide roll configuration so that the medium is applied without contacting the upper material web side. Similarly, the ejection head 52a-2 can be assigned to an end guide component or the like for a curtain or bale of application media.

  In addition to the non-contact drying function based on hot air, via a non-contact drying device 60a-2 that further performs a contactless guidance and deflection function on the material web M in the same manner as known as air turn, The material web is fed to a further drying device 70a-2 of the type of drying device 30a-1 according to FIG. 2, which can be included in the final drying section 22a together with the drying device 60a-2.

  For example, the machine section corresponding to FIG. 2 and the machine sections corresponding to FIG. 3 arranged one after the other in the machine result in a configuration corresponding to FIG. 1b. FIG. 4 shows a corresponding embodiment. In the direction of travel of the material web, drying device 30b-1, smoothing unit 40b, application device 20b with curtain application unit represented by discharge head 52b-1, non-contact dryer 60b-1, further contact drying device 30b-2 One after another, the application device 24b with the curtain application unit represented by the discharge head 52b-2, the non-contact drying and guiding or deflection device 60b-2 and the further contact drying device 70b are seen. The dryer 60b-1 and the drying device 30b-2 form the intermediate drying section 22b according to FIG. 1b.

  If application of the application medium to both sides of the material web M is desired, prior to the given proper guidance of the material web, non-contact drying, the application medium is first removed by means of a corresponding non-contact application unit. Apply to both sides and finally contact dry. Thus, intermediate drying is not necessarily required between application of the application medium on one side of the material web and application of the application medium on the other end of the material web. FIG. 5 shows a corresponding embodiment of the operation of the machine configured according to FIG. 1c. The contact drying device 30c corresponding to the device 30a-1, the smoothing unit 40c, the first curtain discharge head 52c-1 belonging to the first non-contact application device 20c, and the second belonging to the second non-contact application device 24c. A further contact drying device 70c corresponding to the discharge head 52c-2, the non-contact dryer 60c and the apparatus 30a-1 according to FIG. 2 is also possible. From the smoothing unit 40c, the material web is first guided to the guide roll arrangement 46c under the first discharge head 52c-1 and then under the second discharge head 52c-2, requiring subsequent homogenization. The first ejection head 52c-1 applies the application medium to one side of the material web M and the second ejection head 60c-2 applies the application medium to the other of the material web M while weighing in the form of curtains or veils. Apply to the edge. After the second discharge head 50c-2, an air guide arrangement 80c is provided, through which the material passes through the latter without contacting either side of the dryer 60c as long as it enters the contact drying device 70c. The web M is surely guided.

  The configuration corresponding to FIG. 1d can be the same as shown in FIG. It can be considered that the drying device 30c has simply been replaced with a material web unwind. The material web unwound from the material web reel is first supplied to the smoothing unit 40c and then coated on both sides of the non-contact application devices 20c and 24c. In a non-contact dryer, drying is performed without contact (especially by hot air and / or by infrared radiation) before bringing the material web to the final state of drying on both sides by contacting the drying device 70c. The material web is then known as a spool in a material web reel up (not shown) if there is no further processing in a suitable processing apparatus, for example, no further smoothing in a suitable additional material web smoothing device. Reel up to what is being done.

  In particular, it is proposed to provide at least one application device having at least one non-contact application unit in combination with at least one material web smoothing device in a machine for producing and processing a material web, preferably paper or board. ing. This involves firstly applying a liquid or pasty application medium to at least one side of a non-contact movable material web, and secondly, a movable material in an online or offline process before and / or after the medium application. Smoothes the web.

Four examples (figure 1a, b, c) of schematic configurations of possible configurations of the machine according to the invention for manufacturing and processing a paper or board material web and other manufactured material webs of paper or board respectively. Fig. 2 shows a machine according to the present invention for processing (Fig. 1d). In particular, this represents a cross section of the machine corresponding to FIG. 1a according to a first illustrative embodiment of a machine design according to the invention having an application device for non-contact application of an application medium on the upper side of the material web. In particular, this represents a cross section of the machine corresponding to FIG. 1a according to a second illustrative embodiment of a machine design according to the invention having an application device for non-contact application of an application medium underneath the material web. In particular, this represents a cross-section of the machine corresponding to FIG. 1b according to a third illustrative embodiment of a machine design according to the invention having an application device for non-contact application of the application medium on both sides of the material web. In particular, this represents a cross section of the machine corresponding to FIG. 1c according to a fourth illustrative embodiment of a machine design according to the invention having an application device for non-contact application of the application medium on both sides of the material web.

Claims (15)

A machine for manufacturing and processing or processing a material web (M), preferably paper or board,
A material web distribution device (12a, 12b, 12c, 12d) designed to continuously distribute the material web;
At least one application device (20a, 20b, 24b, 20c) arranged along the material web path after said material web distribution device for applying a liquid or pasty application medium to at least one side of the movable material web 24c, 20d, 24d),
A drying device (22a, 26b, 28c, 26d) arranged along the material web path after the application device for drying the movable material web to a dry state;
-After the drying device (28a, 28b, 28c, 28d) for handling and / or picking up and / or discharging the material web, preferably reeling up the material web to each material web reel And at least a device disposed along the material web path,
The application device emits an application medium into at least one free application medium jet or application medium curtain or application medium veil or application medium droplet spray, and based on the force and / or moving impulse applied to the application medium; And / or at least one non-contact application unit (52a-1, 52a-2, 52b-) designed to be applied to the material web (M) based on the movement of the application medium induced by gravity. 1, 52b-2, 52c-1, 52c-2), and a material web smoothing device (18a, 18b, 18c, 18d) is provided along the processing path before and / or after said application device A machine characterized by   The material web smoothing device (18a, 18b, 18c) disposed along the material web path before the application device is designed to smooth the material web and is at least on one side at most 2. Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that a material web roughness of 5 [mu] m (especially measured according to the PPS-10s measuring method), preferably at most 3 [mu] m (especially measured according to the PPS-10s measuring method) remains. .   The material web smoothing device (18a, 18b, 18c, 18d) achieves a material web roughness of at most 5 μm, preferably at most 3 μm, based on the normal operating parameters of the machine The machine according to claim 2.   Said material web smoothing device (18a, 18b, 18c, 18d) from the group comprising soft nip calender, wide nip calender, hard nip calender, super calender, multi-nip smoothing unit, 1-nip calender, 2-2 nip calender The machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it comprises at least one smoothing unit (40a-1, 40a-2, 40b, 40c).   A curtain application unit (52a-1, 52a-2, 52a-1, 52a-2, which discharges at least the application medium in the form of a curtain or veil to the material web, preferably based at least preferentially on the movement of the application medium induced by gravity. 5. At least one non-contact application unit designed as 52 b-1, 52 b-2, 52 c-1, 52 c-2) is provided. machine.   Spray application that discharges the application medium in the form of an application medium droplet spray or application medium jet to the material web as it emerges from the nozzle configuration, preferably based at least preferentially on a moving impulse applied to the application medium A machine according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one non-contact application unit designed as a unit is provided.   Process and / or pick and / or pick up the material web forming device and the dewatering and drying section, or between the dewatering and drying section and the application device, or between the application device and the drying device, or between the drying device and the material web. Or configured along the material web path between the releasing devices, or integrated into the material web forming device or the drying device or the device that processes and / or picks up and / or releases the material web A machine according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by at least one further material web processing device.   The material web dispensing device comprises a material web forming device (12a, 12b, 12c) designed to form the material web continuously from a supplied raw material, preferably a fibrous suspension. The machine according to any one of claims 1 to 7.   A dewatering and drying section (14a, 16a, 14b, 16b, 14c, 16c) is disposed along the material web path between the material web forming device and the application device, and at least thermal and / or mechanical action 9. The machine according to claim 8, wherein the machine is designed to extract water from the movable material web (M) by means of and to dry the material web to at least a residual moisture content.   Disposed along the material web path between the material web forming device and the dewatering and drying section, or between the dewatering and drying section and the applicator, or to the material web forming device or the dewatering and drying section 10. A machine according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that it comprises at least one further material web processing device integrated with the machine.   A machine according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the material web dispensing device comprises a material web unwind (17d) for unwinding the material web from each material web reel.   At least one further material web processing device disposed along or integrated into the material web unwind between the material web unwind and the application device. Item 11. The machine according to Item 11.   Material web smoothing device (18a, 18b, 18c, 18d) in an online process in the machine (10a, 10b, 10c, 10d) for creating and processing the material web or in an offline process in the machine for processing the material web Non-contact application units, in particular curtain application units (52a-1, 52a-2, 52b-) for applying a liquid or pasty application medium in combination with a moving material web (M), preferably paper or board 1, 52b-2, 52c-1, 52c-2) or use of a spray application unit. Non-contact application of a liquid or pasty application medium to at least one side of the movable material web;
Smoothing at least one side of the material web before and / or after the non-contact application;
A method for treating a material web, preferably paper or board, comprising at least a step of drying the material web.   If necessary, it is characterized by a series of operations that are first dried and then smoothed, if desired, dried again, then applied in a non-contact manner, dried, and then smoothed again if desired. The method of claim 14.

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