JP2005349392A - Waste treatment system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a waste treatment system for effectively treating the residues generated in an oil production apparatus, a biomass energy apparatus and/or a carbonization apparatus and other waste. <P>SOLUTION: This waste treatment system 1 is provided with: the oil production apparatus 2 for producing oil from coal products or petroleum products such as waste plastics containing PET bottles and tires; and a deoxidizing/gasifying/melting furnace 3 to which the residues generated in the oil production apparatus 2 are supplied as fuel or a resource to melt them into a high-temperature liquid product at high temperature of ≥1,000°C and deoxidize the oxygen-containing gas generated therein. The gas generated and deoxidized in the deoxidizing/gasifying/melting furnace 3 is recovered at comparatively high temperature and utilized effectively as an energy resource like high-temperature gas or fuel gas. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The object of the present invention relates to a waste treatment system that effectively treats residues and other wastes produced in an oil production device, methane fermentation device, and / or carbonization device, and does not produce residues in the end. is there.

  Attempts have been made in the past to make petroleum products and coal products such as plastic waste including plastic bottles and tires into oil, and use the oil again as a raw material for petrochemical resins and fuel oil. In this case, the residue after oiling and other wastes can only be used for landfill at a final disposal site through a shredder or the like.

  In addition, plants, livestock products, fish shellfish or their wastes, or sewage such as feces such as livestock products can be treated as either fertilizer or biomass energy resources, or incinerated or carbonized. It is common to perform processing.

  The conventional technology using the filth as a biomass resource uses agricultural products, plants, forests, waste foods, livestock products, livestock dung or fish shellfish using energy such as heavy oil, kerosene, natural gas or electricity. , Methane is easily generated at an atmospheric temperature (70 to 80 ° C), and gas and oil recovery are performed as biomass energy and used as fuel, but in this case, a residue is generated again New waste disposal has become a serious problem.

  Further, when a methane fermentation apparatus is used as a biomass energy apparatus, it is necessary to use kerosene, heavy oil, natural gas, electricity, etc., which are expensive, in order to heat and maintain the temperature at which methane fermentation occurs. In addition, when heavy oil is used, undesirable gases such as nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, and carbon dioxide are generated, and these gases are undesirable because they cause global warming.

  Furthermore, the conventional method of carbonizing the filth etc. also has the same problems as in the case of biomass technology due to the generation of residues.

  Furthermore, the prior art that uses the filth as a fertilizer has a possibility that trouble may occur because the receiving is in a saturated state, or when the filth or the like is used as a fertilizer, foreign matter may be mixed. .

  In addition, the conventional method for incinerating filth and the like has problems such as environmental pollution by discharging incinerated ash and dioxin.

  The objective of this invention is providing the waste processing system which processes effectively the residue and other waste which are produced | generated with an oil-ized apparatus, a methane fermentation apparatus, and / or a carbonization apparatus.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the first invention is an oiling device for producing a fuel oil and a residue by heat-melting petroleum products and coal products such as plastic waste including plastic bottles and tires, and then general waste Carbonization equipment that carbonizes and decomposes carbon-containing materials such as waste, industrial waste, biomass resources, etc. to produce carbonized gas, carbide and residue, residue produced by oiling equipment, and carbide and residue produced by carbonization equipment A high-temperature liquid material comprising a reductive gasification and melting furnace that is supplied as fuel and resources and is melted at a high temperature of 1000 ° C. or higher to form a high-temperature liquid material and oxygen-containing gas generated in the furnace is reduced and gasified The slag and / or metal obtained by cooling the slag is used for roadbed materials, etc., and the reducing gas generated in the reducing gasification melting furnace is recovered at a relatively high temperature to produce high-temperature gas and fuel. By effective use as an energy resource, such as a gas, a waste treatment system, characterized in that the final residue incidence of 0%.
The first invention further includes a steam generator that generates steam using the heat of the high-temperature gas generated in the reductive gasification and melting furnace, and carbonizes the heat of steam generated by the steam generator. It is preferable to make effective use.
In addition, in the first invention, when the energy resource such as the reducing gas generated in the gasification melting furnace, the energy resource generated in the oil generator, or the carbonizer is further provided, the oil generator and the carbonizer It is more preferable that the energy resources generated by the at least one apparatus are configured to be effectively utilized by these furnaces and apparatuses.

  In the second invention, biomass resources including plants, livestock products, fish shells or wastes thereof, or wastes such as feces such as livestock products are heated and maintained at a temperature at which methane is fermented to generate methane gas and residue. Reduction that supplies the methane fermentation equipment and the residue produced in the methane fermentation equipment as fuel and resources and melts them at a high temperature of 1000 ° C or higher to form a high-temperature liquid material, and converts the oxygen-containing gas generated in the furnace into a reductive gas The slag and / or metal obtained by cooling the high-temperature liquid material is used for roadbed materials, etc., and the reducing gas generated in the reducing gasification melting furnace is heated to a relatively high temperature. This is a waste treatment system characterized in that the final residue generation rate is 0% by collecting and effectively using it as an energy resource such as high-temperature gas or fuel gas.

  The third invention includes an oiling device for producing fuel oil and residue by dry-melting petroleum products and coal products such as plastic waste including plastic bottles and tires, followed by planting, livestock products, fish shellfish or the like Produced in methane fermentation equipment, oil production equipment, and methane fermentation equipment that produces methane gas and residues by heating and holding biomass resources including wastes of waste or filth such as feces such as livestock products The residue is supplied as fuel and resources and melted at a high temperature at 1000 ° C. or higher to form a high-temperature liquid material, and a reductive gasification melting furnace for reducing and gasifying the oxygen-containing gas generated in the furnace, and The slag and / or metal obtained by cooling the high-temperature liquid material is used for roadbed materials and the like, and the reducing gas generated in the reducing gasification melting furnace is recovered at a relatively high temperature. By effective use as energy sources such as hot gases and fuel gas, a waste treatment system, characterized in that the final residue incidence of 0%.

  The second and third inventions further include a carbonization device that generates carbonized gas and carbide by carbonizing and decomposing carbon-containing materials such as general waste, industrial waste, and biomass resources, and a carbonizer. It is preferable to effectively use the carbides and residues generated in (2) as fuel and resources for a reductive gasification melting furnace.

  In addition, both the second and third inventions further include a steam generator that generates steam using the heat of the high-temperature gas generated in the reductive gasification and melting furnace, and generated by the steam generator. It is preferable to effectively utilize the heat of water vapor in the carbonization apparatus.

  Furthermore, in both the second and third inventions, in the case where an oil resource is further provided for an energy resource such as a reducing gas generated in a gasification melting furnace or an energy resource generated in a methane fermentation apparatus, methane When the energy resource generated by at least one of the fermenter and the oil generator is further provided with a carbonizer, the energy resource generated by at least one of the methane fermenter and the carbonizer, or the oil generation When both the apparatus and the carbonization apparatus are further provided, the energy resources generated in at least one of the methane fermentation apparatus, the oilification apparatus, and the carbonization apparatus are configured to mutually utilize these furnaces and apparatuses effectively. It is preferable to do.

  In addition, in both the second and third inventions, the methane fermentation apparatus is configured to effectively utilize the high-temperature exhaust gas generated in the gasification melting furnace in order to heat and maintain the methane fermentation temperature. In the case of further comprising a gasification device, the high-temperature exhaust gas produced by at least one of the gasification melting furnace and the oiling device is effectively used, and in the case of further comprising a carbonization device, the gasification melting furnace And high-temperature exhaust gas generated at least one of the carbonization apparatuses, or when further comprising both an oilification apparatus and a carbonization apparatus, a gasification melting furnace, an oilification apparatus, and a carbonization apparatus It is more preferable that the high-temperature exhaust gas generated at least one of the above is effectively used.

ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the provision of the waste processing system which processes effectively the residue and other waste produced | generated with an oil-ized apparatus, a methane fermentation apparatus, and / or a carbonization apparatus was attained.
Moreover, since a residue does not generate | occur | produce finally, the final disposal site which is a landfill place can be made unnecessary like the conventional apparatus.
Furthermore, if the energy resources generated in the reductive gasification melting furnace, the oilification apparatus, the methane fermentation apparatus and / or the carbonization apparatus are effectively used, the waste treatment cost is remarkably improved.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a flow chart when a waste is processed using the waste processing system according to the first invention.

  The flowchart shown in FIG. 1 is for the case where the waste treatment system 1 is mainly constituted by an oilification apparatus 2 and a reductive gasification melting furnace 3.

  The oil making apparatus 2 is an apparatus for oiling petroleum products and coal products such as plastic waste including plastic bottles and tires, and the method of oiling with this apparatus is, for example, as shown in FIG. It has an inlet (not shown) for supplying the petroleum product. The petroleum product supplied from the inlet is dry-distilled and heated and melted at a temperature of 250 to 500 ° C. to gasify (vaporize) volatile components. The fuel oil is refined by cooling and liquefying the product, and the fuel oil is used as a fuel for generating electricity by operating various engines such as the diesel engine 4 shown in FIG. It can be effectively used as fuel for vehicles.

  Moreover, the residue produced | generated by the oilification apparatus 2 can be effectively utilized as a fuel of the reductive gasification melting furnace 3, as shown in FIG.

  The reductive gasification and melting furnace 3 supplies the residue generated in the oil generator 2 as fuel and melts it at a high temperature at 1000 ° C. or higher to form a high-temperature liquid material. This is a coke bed type reductive gasification melting furnace.

  The “high-temperature liquid” as used herein refers to, for example, molten slag or molten metal of 1000 ° C. or higher produced in a reductive gasification melting furnace that incinerates or melts general waste, industrial waste, etc. The melt of this is mentioned. The upper limit of the temperature of the melt is preferably 2600 ° C. in consideration of the heat resistance temperature of the refractory constituting the furnace. In particular, the temperature of the melt is more preferably 1000 to 1320 ° C.

  In the first invention, the reducing gas generated in the reductive gasification melting furnace 3 is recovered at a relatively high temperature, preferably 1000 to 2600 ° C., and the high temperature (exhaust) as shown in FIG. Effective use as energy resources such as gas and fuel gas.

  FIG. 1 shows an example in which the reducing gas generated in the reducing gasification melting furnace 3 is effectively used as high temperature exhaust gas. The high temperature exhaust gas discharged from the reduction gasification melting furnace 3 is treated with gas reforming treatment 5 and gas purification. Through the processing 6, power can be generated by supplying the generator, in FIG. 1, with a high temperature to the gas engine 7. If it supplies to, cost reduction can be achieved and it becomes economically advantageous.

FIG. 2 shows an example of a case where the reducing gas generated in the reducing gasification melting furnace 3 is recovered as, for example, H ₂ gas and effectively used as a fuel gas. If the electric power obtained by this power generation is supplied to the electric power company 9 or supplied to the factory as shown in FIG. 2, the waste disposal cost can be reduced as a result, which is economically advantageous.

  In addition, when only the electric power obtained by the power generation using energy resources such as high-temperature (exhaust) gas and fuel gas is not enough, it may be supplemented with electric power supplied from an electric power company.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the waste treatment system according to the second invention includes a biomass energy device 10 (specifically, a methane fermentation device) instead of the oil production device 2, and a residue generated by the biomass energy device 10. Except for supplying as a fuel for the reductive gasification melting furnace 3, it has substantially the same configuration as the configuration of the waste treatment system of the first invention.

  The biomass energy device 10 has a configuration for recovering energy from biomass resources including vegetation such as plants, livestock products, fish shellfish or waste thereof, or feces such as livestock products.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of an embodiment of the second invention.

  The waste treatment apparatus in FIG. 4 generates high-temperature exhaust gas discharged from the reductive gasification melting furnace 3 through a heat exchanger 12 such as a steam generator, and uses the power obtained by this power generation as a methane fermentation apparatus 11. Is used to heat and hold the methane at a temperature necessary for fermentation, and the residue produced by methane fermentation is supplied to the reductive gasification melting furnace 3 and melted at a high temperature to form a solid solution in slag or metal. In the waste treatment, no residue is finally generated.

  Further, in the first to third inventions, in addition to the above-described configuration, as shown in FIG.

  The carbonization apparatus 13 has an inlet (not shown) for supplying carbon-containing materials such as general waste, industrial waste, and biomass resources. The carbon-containing material is supplied from the inlet and carbonized. -It has the structure which decomposes and produces | generates carbonized gas and a carbide | carbonized_material. In FIG. 2, the carbide | carbonized_material, residue, etc. which were produced | generated by the carbonization apparatus 13 are supplied in the reductive gasification melting furnace 3, and it is made to melt at high temperature, slag or Since it dissolves in the metal, such a waste treatment does not ultimately produce a residue.

  Further, in the second and third inventions, as shown in FIG. 3, a steam generator 14 that generates steam by using the heat of the high-temperature gas (1000 to 2600 ° C.) generated in the reductive gasification melting furnace 3 is provided. In addition, the heat of steam at a temperature of 700 to 900 ° C. generated by the steam generator 12 is effectively utilized as it is in the carbonization apparatus 13 or the heat of steam at a temperature of 700 to 900 ° C. generated by the steam generator 14 is used. It is advantageous in terms of cost to use the heat exchanger 12 to convert it into a high-temperature gas (for example, high-temperature air) of 80 to 100 ° C. and to effectively use the heat of this high-temperature gas for each biomass energy device 10 It is.

  Furthermore, in the first to third inventions, energy resources such as reducing gas generated in the gasification melting furnace, and energy resources generated in at least one device of the oilification device, biomass energy device and carbonization device, In order to reduce waste disposal costs, it is preferable to configure the furnace and the apparatus so as to effectively utilize each other.

  In addition, in FIG. 4, the biomass energy device is a methane fermentation device that generates methane gas, and this methane fermentation device heats and maintains the temperature at which methane is fermented. Although it was configured so as to be used effectively, the present invention is not limited to this, and it may be configured so as to effectively use high-temperature exhaust gas generated by an oil generator or a carbonizer.

  The above description is merely an example of the embodiment of the present invention, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the claims.

  In the present invention, wastes such as residues in a reductive gasification melting furnace are slags or metals obtained after high-temperature melting and cooling, and these slags or metals can be used for roadbed materials, etc. In the end, no residue is produced, so that the final disposal site, which is a landfill site, can be dispensed with.

Waste was treated using the waste treatment system of the present invention (FIG. 3). At that time, the residue generation rate was 0%.
For comparison, when waste treatment was performed with a conventional biomass energy device and a conventional carbonization device, the residue generation rates were 41% and 27%, respectively.

3 is a flowchart of the waste treatment system according to the first invention. 6 is another flowchart of the waste treatment system according to the first invention. It is a flowchart of the waste processing system according to 2nd invention. It is the schematic of the waste processing system according to 2nd invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Waste treatment system 2 Oil refiner 3 Reductive gasification melting furnace 4 Diesel engine 5 Gas reforming process 6 Gas cleaning process 7 Gas engine 8 Power generation system 9 Electric power company
10 Biomass energy equipment
11 Methane fermentation equipment
12 Heat exchanger
13 Carbonization equipment
14 Steam generator

Claims (9)

An oiling device for producing fuel oil and residue by dry-melting petroleum products and coal products such as plastic waste including plastic bottles and tires,
A carbonization device that carbonizes and decomposes carbon-containing materials such as general waste, industrial waste, and biomass resources to produce carbonized gas, carbide, and residue;
Residues generated in the liquefaction unit and carbides and residues generated in the carbonization unit are supplied as fuel and resources and melted at a high temperature above 1000 ° C to form a high-temperature liquid material, and oxygen-containing gas generated in the furnace is reduced. A reducing gasification melting furnace for gasification;
And using the slag and / or metal obtained by cooling the high-temperature liquid material for roadbed materials, etc., and recovering the reducing gas generated in the reducing gasification melting furnace at a relatively high temperature, A waste treatment system characterized by having a final residue generation rate of 0% through effective utilization as an energy resource such as high-temperature gas or fuel gas.   2. The waste treatment system according to claim 1, further comprising a steam generator that generates steam by using heat of the high-temperature gas generated in the reductive gasification melting furnace, and further comprising steam generated by the steam generator. A waste treatment system characterized by effectively utilizing heat in a carbonization device.   3. The waste treatment system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein an energy resource such as a reducing gas generated in a gasification melting furnace, an energy resource generated in an oil generator, or a carbonization device is further provided. A waste treatment system characterized in that energy resources generated by at least one of a gasification device and a carbonization device are mutually utilized effectively in these furnaces and devices. A methane fermentation apparatus that generates methane gas and residues by heating and holding biomass resources including plant, livestock products, fish and shellfish or wastes thereof, or wastes such as feces such as livestock products at a temperature at which methane is fermented;
A reductive gasification and melting furnace that supplies the residue produced in the methane fermentation apparatus as fuel and resources and melts it at a high temperature above 1000 ° C to form a high-temperature liquid material, ,
And using the slag and / or metal obtained by cooling the high-temperature liquid material for roadbed materials, etc., and recovering the reducing gas generated in the reducing gasification melting furnace at a relatively high temperature, A waste treatment system characterized by having a final residue generation rate of 0% through effective utilization as an energy resource such as high-temperature gas or fuel gas. An oiling device for producing fuel oil and residue by dry-melting petroleum products and coal products such as plastic waste including plastic bottles and tires,
A methane fermentation apparatus that generates methane gas and residues by heating and holding biomass resources including plant, livestock products, fish and shellfish or wastes thereof, or wastes such as feces such as livestock products at a temperature at which methane is fermented;
Reducing gas that supplies the residue produced in the liquefaction equipment and methane fermentation equipment as fuel and resources and melts it at a high temperature of 1000 ° C or higher to form a high-temperature liquid material, and reduces the oxygen-containing gas generated in the furnace to reductive gasification A chemical melting furnace,
And using the slag and / or metal obtained by cooling the high-temperature liquid material for roadbed materials, etc., and recovering the reducing gas generated in the reducing gasification melting furnace at a relatively high temperature, A waste treatment system characterized by having a final residue generation rate of 0% through effective utilization as an energy resource such as high-temperature gas or fuel gas.   The waste treatment system according to claim 4 or 5, further comprising a carbonization device that carbonizes and decomposes carbon-containing materials such as general waste, industrial waste, and biomass resources to generate carbonized gas and carbide, and A waste treatment system characterized by effectively utilizing carbides and residues generated in a carbonization apparatus as fuel and resources for a reductive gasification melting furnace.   The waste treatment system according to claim 6, further comprising a steam generator that generates steam by using heat of the high-temperature gas generated in the reductive gasification melting furnace, and further comprising steam generated by the steam generator. A waste treatment system characterized by effectively utilizing heat in a carbonization device.   The waste treatment system according to claim 6 or 7, wherein an energy resource such as a reducing gas generated in a gasification melting furnace or an energy resource generated in a methane fermentation apparatus further includes an oil generator. When the energy resource generated by at least one of the fermenter and the oil generator is further provided with a carbonizer, the energy resource generated by at least one of the methane fermenter and the carbonizer, or the oil generation When both the apparatus and the carbonization apparatus are further provided, the energy resources generated in at least one of the methane fermentation apparatus, the oilification apparatus, and the carbonization apparatus are configured to mutually utilize these furnaces and apparatuses effectively. A waste treatment system characterized by:   9. The waste treatment system according to claim 6, 7 or 8, wherein the methane fermentation apparatus is configured to effectively utilize high-temperature exhaust gas generated in a gasification melting furnace in order to heat and maintain the temperature at which methane is fermented. In the case of further comprising an oilification device, the high-temperature exhaust gas generated by at least one of the gasification melting furnace and the oilification device is effectively used, and in the case of further comprising a carbonization device, the gasification is performed. In the case where the high-temperature exhaust gas generated in at least one of the melting furnace and the carbonization apparatus is effectively used, or when both the oilification apparatus and the carbonization apparatus are further provided, the gasification melting furnace, the oilification apparatus, and A waste treatment system configured to effectively utilize high-temperature exhaust gas generated in at least one of carbonization apparatuses.

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