JP2003243019A - Waste power generating system - Google Patents
Waste power generating systemInfo
- Publication number
- JP2003243019A JP2003243019A JP2002039491A JP2002039491A JP2003243019A JP 2003243019 A JP2003243019 A JP 2003243019A JP 2002039491 A JP2002039491 A JP 2002039491A JP 2002039491 A JP2002039491 A JP 2002039491A JP 2003243019 A JP2003243019 A JP 2003243019A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- fuel cell
- gas
- waste
- pyrolysis
- power generation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/12—Heat utilisation in combustion or incineration of waste
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、一般廃棄物（都市
ゴミや浄化槽、下水汚泥等）や産業廃棄物等の有機物を
含む廃棄物を原料として発電を行う廃棄物発電システム
に関し、特に、燃料電池を使用して発電する廃棄物発電
システムに関するものである。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a waste power generation system for generating power from wastes containing organic substances such as general wastes (city waste, septic tanks, sewage sludge, etc.) and industrial wastes, and more particularly to fuels. The present invention relates to a waste power generation system that uses batteries to generate power.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】近年、一般廃棄物や産業廃棄物等の焼却
処理や埋め立て処理に伴う問題（ダイオキシン類に代表
される環境影響物質の問題、埋め立て処分場確保の問題
等）が深刻化しつつある。このような状況の中で、未利
用エネルギーの有効活用、廃棄物の減量、埋め立て処分
場の延命等、上記した廃棄物処理上の問題を解決するた
めの廃棄物リサイクル活用に係わる研究開発が進められ
ており、その一環として廃棄物を原料とした廃棄物発電
技術が注目されている。2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, problems associated with incineration and landfill treatment of general waste and industrial waste (environmentally influential substances represented by dioxins, securing landfill disposal sites, etc.) are becoming more serious. . Under such circumstances, research and development related to the effective utilization of unused energy, reduction of waste, extension of life of landfill disposal sites, and the recycling of waste in order to solve the above-mentioned problems in waste disposal are advanced. As a part of this, waste power generation technology using waste as a raw material is drawing attention.
【０００３】従来、このような廃棄物発電システムとし
て、廃棄物をボイラーの熱源として蒸気をつくり、蒸気
タービン発電機で発電する方法や、廃棄物をガス化溶融
炉に投入して可燃性ガス（熱分解ガス）を発生し、その
精製ガスを用いてディーゼルエンジン発電機や燃料電池
で発電する方法等が知られている。[0003] Conventionally, as such a waste power generation system, a method of producing steam by using waste as a heat source of a boiler and generating power with a steam turbine generator, or throwing waste into a gasification and melting furnace to combustible gas ( Pyrolysis gas) is generated, and the purified gas is used to generate electricity with a diesel engine generator or a fuel cell.
【０００４】[0004]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】ところで、上記各々発
電方法による発電効率を見ると、蒸気タービン発電機を
用いる方法では、精々２５％、ディーゼルエンジン発電
機を用いる方法で精々３０％、燃料電池を用いる方法で
は精々３５％程度と、何れも発電効率は極めて低いもの
であり、従って、実用に供する豊富な発電量を得るに
は、一度に大量の廃棄物を供給・処理できる大規模な発
電システムの形態を取らざるを得なかった。尚、燃料電
池の場合、それ自体は５５％程度の比較的高い発電効率
が得られるが、廃棄物発電では廃棄物をガス化するため
の熱源が必要であるため、それを考慮するとシステム効
率は精々３５％程度となってしまう。By the way, looking at the power generation efficiency by each of the above-mentioned power generation methods, the method using the steam turbine generator is at most 25%, the method using the diesel engine generator is at most 30%, and the fuel cell is The method used is at most about 35%, which is extremely low in power generation efficiency. Therefore, in order to obtain abundant power generation for practical use, a large-scale power generation system capable of supplying and processing a large amount of waste at one time. I had no choice but to take the form of. In the case of a fuel cell, a relatively high power generation efficiency of about 55% can be obtained by itself, but in the case of waste power generation, a heat source for gasifying waste is required. It will be about 35% at best.
【０００５】また、蒸気タービン発電機やディーゼルエ
ンジン発電機の場合は、外部に排出される窒素酸化物
（ＮＯｘ）や硫黄酸化物（ＳＯｘ）、煤塵等による環境
汚染の問題や騒音・振動等の問題が有り、加えて、これ
らの対策のために複雑で大掛かりな設備を要するといっ
た問題を抱えていた。廃棄物処理の規模（即ち、発電シ
ステムの規模）が大きくなればなる程、このような問題
も一層深刻化する。Further, in the case of a steam turbine generator or a diesel engine generator, there is a problem of environmental pollution due to nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulfur oxides (SOx), soot and the like discharged to the outside, noise and vibration. There was a problem, and in addition, there was a problem that complicated and large-scale equipment was required for these measures. The larger the scale of waste treatment (that is, the scale of the power generation system), the more serious such a problem becomes.
【０００６】本発明は、従来の問題を解消し、分散処理
可能な小規模で発電効率の良い廃棄物発電システムを提
供することを目的としている。An object of the present invention is to solve the conventional problems and provide a small-scale waste power generation system capable of distributed processing and having high power generation efficiency.
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】すなわち、請求項１に記
載の本発明は、廃棄物を加熱して熱分解ガスを発生する
熱分解炉と、熱分解ガス中のタールやすす、硫黄分や塩
素分等を除去し、水素豊富なガスを精製する改質設備
と、精製ガスを供給して発電する燃料電池とを備え、更
に、前記燃料電池から生じる排熱を前記熱分解炉の熱源
に使用するための排熱回収設備を備えることを特徴とし
ている。[Means for Solving the Problems] That is, according to the present invention as set forth in claim 1, a pyrolysis furnace for heating waste to generate a pyrolysis gas, a tar or soot, a sulfur content in the pyrolysis gas and A reforming facility that removes chlorine and the like to purify a hydrogen-rich gas, and a fuel cell that supplies purified gas to generate power, and further, exhaust heat generated from the fuel cell is used as a heat source of the pyrolysis furnace. It is characterized by having exhaust heat recovery equipment for use.
【０００８】また、請求項２に記載の本発明は、廃棄物
を加熱して熱分解ガスを発生する熱分解炉と、熱分解ガ
ス中のタールやすす、硫黄分や塩素分等を除去し、水素
豊富なガスを精製する改質設備と、精製ガスを供給して
発電する燃料電池とを備え、更に、前記燃料電池から生
じる排気水蒸気を前記改質設備の熱源兼水蒸気源に使用
するための排熱回収設備を備えることを特徴としてい
る。The present invention according to claim 2 further comprises a pyrolysis furnace for heating waste to generate pyrolysis gas, and removing tar, soot, sulfur and chlorine in the pyrolysis gas. A reforming facility for purifying a hydrogen-rich gas and a fuel cell for supplying purified gas to generate power, and for using exhaust steam generated from the fuel cell as a heat source and a steam source for the reforming facility. It is characterized by being equipped with exhaust heat recovery equipment.
【０００９】また、請求項３に記載の本発明は、廃棄物
を加熱して熱分解ガスを発生する熱分解炉と、熱分解ガ
ス中のタールやすす、硫黄分や塩素分等を除去し、水素
豊富なガスを精製する改質設備と、精製ガスを供給して
発電する燃料電池とを備え、更に、前記燃料電池から生
じる排熱を前記熱分解炉の熱源に使用すると共に、排気
水蒸気を前記改質設備の熱源兼水蒸気源に使用するため
の排熱回収設備を備えることを特徴としている。The present invention as set forth in claim 3 removes tar and soot, sulfur content, chlorine content and the like in the pyrolysis furnace that heats waste to generate pyrolysis gas. A reforming facility for purifying a hydrogen-rich gas, and a fuel cell for supplying a purified gas to generate electric power. Further, exhaust heat generated from the fuel cell is used as a heat source for the pyrolysis furnace, and exhaust steam is also used. Is provided with an exhaust heat recovery facility for using as a heat source and a steam source of the reforming facility.
【００１０】また、請求項４に記載の本発明は、請求項
１から請求項３までの何れかに記載の廃棄物発電システ
ムにおいて、前記燃料電池を前記熱分解炉内の適所に配
設したことを特徴としている。The present invention according to claim 4 is the waste power generation system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the fuel cell is arranged in an appropriate position in the pyrolysis furnace. It is characterized by that.
【００１１】また、請求項５に記載の本発明は、請求項
１から請求項４までの何れかに記載の廃棄物発電システ
ムにおいて、前記燃料電池が高温型の固体酸化物形燃料
電池であることを特徴としている。According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the waste power generation system according to any of the first to fourth aspects, the fuel cell is a high temperature solid oxide fuel cell. It is characterized by that.
【００１２】上記構成の廃棄物発電システムでは、燃料
電池の排熱が熱分解ガス化のための熱源（例えば、燃焼
空気の予熱、含水量の多い廃棄物の予備乾燥等）に使用
され、熱分解炉の熱効率を向上することができる。この
場合、熱源となる燃料電池を熱分解炉の内部に設置する
と効率的であり、燃料電池として、作動温度５００〜１
１００℃の固体酸化物形燃料電池を用いると良い。上記
作動温度の燃料電池を使用することにより、炉内で発生
する燃焼熱を電池昇温時（燃料電池は化学反応によって
発電を行うため、起動するときは内部の温度を適温まで
昇温する必要がある）の加熱源として利用できるから、
燃料電池本体には昇温専用のヒータ設備等は不要とな
る。In the waste power generation system having the above structure, the exhaust heat of the fuel cell is used as a heat source for pyrolysis gasification (for example, preheating of combustion air, predrying of waste having a large water content, etc.). The thermal efficiency of the decomposition furnace can be improved. In this case, it is efficient to install a fuel cell, which is a heat source, inside the pyrolysis furnace. As a fuel cell, the operating temperature is 500 to 1
It is preferable to use a solid oxide fuel cell at 100 ° C. By using the fuel cell with the above operating temperature, the combustion heat generated in the furnace is raised when the temperature of the cell is raised (The fuel cell generates electricity by a chemical reaction, so it is necessary to raise the internal temperature to an appropriate temperature when starting. Can be used as a heating source
The fuel cell main body does not require a heater facility or the like dedicated to raising the temperature.
【００１３】また、燃料電池側から排出される熱や水蒸
気は熱分解ガスを改質する際の吸熱反応に使用されるた
め、熱エネルギー供給のための発熱反応を極力抑えるこ
とができる。Further, since the heat and steam discharged from the fuel cell side are used for the endothermic reaction when reforming the pyrolysis gas, the exothermic reaction for supplying the thermal energy can be suppressed as much as possible.
【００１４】[0014]
【発明の実施の形態】以下、図１に基づいて本発明の一
実施形態を説明する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG.
【００１５】図１に示すように、本実施形態の廃棄物発
電システムは、熱分解炉１（ガス化溶融炉）と改質設備
を構成する改質炉２や熱交換器３やガス精製装置４と、
燃料電池５と、排熱等の回収設備を構成する熱交換器６
や凝縮器７で基本構成されている。As shown in FIG. 1, the waste power generation system of the present embodiment comprises a pyrolysis furnace 1 (gasification and melting furnace), a reforming furnace 2 constituting a reforming facility, a heat exchanger 3 and a gas purifying apparatus. 4 and
A fuel cell 5 and a heat exchanger 6 that constitutes a facility for recovering exhaust heat and the like.
It is basically composed of a condenser 7 and a condenser 7.
【００１６】前記熱分解炉１は、コークスや石灰石等と
共に投入された廃棄物を還元性雰囲気中で加熱して熱分
解ガス（可燃性ガス）と残査（灰分や金属）に熱分解す
るための炉である。一般的に、熱分解の際の熱源は廃棄
物の一部を燃焼させて得ることができる。熱分解炉１に
は相当流量を絞った燃焼用の空気が供給されるが、この
空気を高温に予熱すればその分ガス化炉内は昇温され、
熱分解ガスの発熱量を増加することができる。尚、熱分
解ガスは熱分解炉１の上部より取り出され、残査は熱分
解炉１の下部から取り出される。The pyrolysis furnace 1 heats the waste, which is charged together with coke, limestone, etc., in a reducing atmosphere to pyrolyze the pyrolysis gas (combustible gas) and the residue (ash and metal). Of the furnace. Generally, a heat source for thermal decomposition can be obtained by burning a part of waste. Combustion air with a considerably reduced flow rate is supplied to the pyrolysis furnace 1, but if this air is preheated to a high temperature, the temperature inside the gasification furnace is increased by that much,
The calorific value of the pyrolysis gas can be increased. The pyrolysis gas is taken out from the upper part of the pyrolysis furnace 1, and the residue is taken out from the lower part of the pyrolysis furnace 1.
【００１７】改質炉２では、熱分解ガスに含まれるＣＯ
やＨ2 、ＣＯ2 、すす、Ｃｌ2 、ＳＯ2 等の内、先ず、
不要なタールやすす等の可燃分（固体粒子）が除去され
る。改質炉２には、熱分解ガスと共に加熱した水蒸気が
注入され、本実施形態では、公知の水蒸気改質方法によ
り、タールやすす等がＣＯとＨ2 にガス化される。In the reforming furnace 2, CO contained in the pyrolysis gas
Or H 2 , CO 2 , soot, Cl 2 , SO 2 etc.
Unnecessary combustible components (solid particles) such as tar and soot are removed. Steam heated with pyrolysis gas is injected into the reforming furnace 2, and in the present embodiment, tar and soot are gasified into CO and H 2 by a known steam reforming method.
【００１８】この水蒸気改質法の反応は以下のようにな
る。
改質反応（吸熱）
Ｃ＋ＣＯ2 → ２ＣＯ
Ｃ＋Ｈ2 Ｏ→ ２ＣＯ＋Ｈ2
Ｃn Ｈm ＋ｎＨ2 Ｏ→ ｎＣＯ＋（ｎ＋1/2・ｍ）Ｈ2
発熱反応
Ｃ＋Ｏ2 → ＣＯ2
Ｃ＋1/2・Ｏ2 → ＣＯ
尚、この発熱反応は上記改質反応に必要な、例えば、８
００℃以上の熱を補給するために生じる反応で、通常、
この反応に与る酸素（或いは空気）が前記した改質反応
のための水蒸気と共に供給される。The reaction of this steam reforming method is as follows. Reforming reaction (endotherm) C + CO 2 → 2CO C + H 2 O → 2CO + H 2 C n H m + nH 2 O → nCO + (n + 1/2 ・ m) H 2 exothermic reaction C + O 2 → CO 2 C + 1/2 ・ O 2 → CO This exothermic reaction is necessary for the reforming reaction, for example, 8
It is a reaction that occurs to replenish heat above 00 ° C.
Oxygen (or air) participating in this reaction is supplied together with the steam for the reforming reaction described above.
【００１９】ガス精製装置４では、改質炉２からの改質
ガスに含まれているＣｌ2 、ＳＯ2等が除去される。改
質炉２からの改質ガスは熱交換器３を経て冷却された
後、ガス精製装置４に送られて硫黄、塩素、隣等の含有
量を１０００ｐｐｍ以下に低減し、更に熱交換器３によ
り加熱されて水素豊富なガス（ＣＯ等を含む）に精製さ
れる。In the gas purifier 4, Cl 2 , SO 2 and the like contained in the reformed gas from the reforming furnace 2 are removed. The reformed gas from the reforming furnace 2 is cooled through a heat exchanger 3 and then sent to a gas refining device 4 to reduce the content of sulfur, chlorine, and the like to 1000 ppm or less, and further to the heat exchanger 3 Is heated and refined into a hydrogen-rich gas (including CO etc.).
【００２０】ガス精製装置４において得られた水素豊富
な精製ガスは燃料電池５に送られる。燃料電池として溶
融炭酸塩形（ＭＣＦＣ）、燐酸形（ＰＡＦＣ）、固体高
分子形（ＰＥＦＣ）、固体酸化物形（ＳＯＦＣ）等公知
のものが利用可能であり、本実施形態では、作動温度５
００〜１１００℃といった高温型の固体酸化物形燃料電
池が使用されている。The hydrogen-rich purified gas obtained in the gas purification device 4 is sent to the fuel cell 5. Known fuel cells such as molten carbonate type (MCFC), phosphoric acid type (PAFC), solid polymer type (PEFC), and solid oxide type (SOFC) can be used as the fuel cell.
A high temperature type solid oxide fuel cell such as 00 to 1100 ° C. is used.
【００２１】所謂、固体酸化物形燃料電池５は、空気極
側に酸素（空気）が、燃料極側に燃料ガス（Ｈ2 、ＣＯ
等）が供給されて、燃料を電気化学的に連続的に反応さ
せることにより直接電気出力を得る電池である。燃料電
池５の電気出力（直流電流）は、そのまま、あるいはイ
ンバーターを介して交流に変換され、本発明のシステム
内外で利用される。反応生成物としてＨ2 ＯやＣＯ2 等
を生じる。The so-called solid oxide fuel cell 5 has oxygen (air) on the air electrode side and fuel gas (H 2 , CO 2 ) on the fuel electrode side.
Etc.) is supplied, and a direct electric output is obtained by continuously reacting the fuel electrochemically. The electric output (DC current) of the fuel cell 5 is used as it is or after being converted into AC through an inverter and used inside and outside the system of the present invention. H 2 O, CO 2 and the like are produced as reaction products.
【００２２】因みに、燃料にＨ2 を用いた場合の電極反
応は次のようになる。
空気極： １／２ Ｏ2 ＋ ２ｅ- → Ｏ2-
燃料極： Ｈ2 ＋ Ｏ2- → Ｈ2 Ｏ＋２ｅ-
全体 ： Ｈ2 ＋ １／２ Ｏ2 → Ｈ2 ＯIncidentally, the electrode reaction when H 2 is used as the fuel is as follows. Air electrode: 1/2 O 2 + 2e − → O 2 − Fuel electrode: H 2 + O 2 → → H 2 O + 2e − Overall: H 2 + 1/2 O 2 → H 2 O
【００２３】一方、燃料電池５から排出される高温度の
水蒸気や空気、ＣＯ2 等は熱交換器６を介して一旦冷却
されて水となり、凝縮器７にて水と空気およびＣＯ2 に
分離される。その内、空気およびＣＯ2 が外部に排気さ
れると共に、水は回収されて再度熱交換器６を介して加
熱され、前記改質炉２に於ける発熱反応に必要な８００
℃以上の高温水蒸気となる。尚、排気されるＣＯ2 は微
量で殆どはＨ2 Ｏであるから、環境を害しない極めてク
リーンな発電システムを構築できる。On the other hand, high-temperature steam, air, CO 2 and the like discharged from the fuel cell 5 are once cooled through the heat exchanger 6 into water, and separated into water, air and CO 2 by the condenser 7. To be done. Among them, air and CO 2 are exhausted to the outside, water is recovered and heated again through the heat exchanger 6, and 800 required for the exothermic reaction in the reforming furnace 2 is performed.
It becomes high temperature steam above ℃. Since the amount of CO 2 exhausted is very small and most of it is H 2 O, an extremely clean power generation system that does not harm the environment can be constructed.
【００２４】この加熱水蒸気は前記した改質炉２に送ら
れ、既述した改質のための水蒸気として利用されると共
に、吸熱反応のための熱エネルギーとして利用される。
これにより、熱エネルギー供給のための発熱反応を極力
抑えることができることになり、改質炉２への酸素（或
いは空気）供給機構を簡素化でき、改質設備をコンパク
トにできる。The heated steam is sent to the reforming furnace 2 and used as the steam for the reforming described above and also as the heat energy for the endothermic reaction.
As a result, the exothermic reaction for supplying heat energy can be suppressed as much as possible, the oxygen (or air) supply mechanism to the reforming furnace 2 can be simplified, and the reforming equipment can be made compact.
【００２５】また一方では、燃料電池５からの排熱は熱
分解炉１に送られ、ガス化のための熱源（燃焼空気の予
熱、含水量の多い廃棄物の予備乾燥用熱源等）として効
率的に使用される。これにより、熱分解炉の熱効率を向
上し、システム全体の発電効率を４５〜５０％に向上す
ることができる。On the other hand, the exhaust heat from the fuel cell 5 is sent to the pyrolysis furnace 1 and is efficiently used as a heat source for gasification (preheating combustion air, heat source for predrying waste with high water content, etc.). Is used for. Thereby, the thermal efficiency of the thermal decomposition furnace can be improved, and the power generation efficiency of the entire system can be improved to 45 to 50%.
【００２６】また、図示しないが、燃料電池５を熱分解
炉１内の適所、例えば、炉内のガス化ゾーン（炉内の底
部に堆積される廃棄物層の上部にあたり、加熱で生じる
分解ガスが上昇する空間部）に設置することにより、炉
内の燃焼熱を燃料電池を５００〜１１００℃に昇温する
ための加熱源として利用することができる。Although not shown, the fuel cell 5 is placed in a suitable position in the thermal decomposition furnace 1, for example, a gasification zone in the furnace (an upper part of a waste layer deposited at the bottom of the furnace, and a decomposition gas generated by heating is generated). The heat of combustion in the furnace can be used as a heating source for raising the temperature of the fuel cell to 500 to 1100 ° C.
【００２７】このように、発電時にシステム内で生じた
熱エネルギー（排熱）や副生成物を外部に排出すること
なく、システム内で有効にリサイクルすることにより、
高効率、安全、且つ、クリーンな発電システムが構築で
き、今後期待される一日のゴミ処理量が数十トン以下と
いった中小規模用途をターゲットとした（工場、病院、
ホテル、オフィスビル、更には一般家庭等）、分散型廃
棄物発電システムの実現を可能にするものである。Thus, the thermal energy (exhaust heat) generated in the system during power generation and the by-products are effectively discharged in the system without being discharged to the outside.
A highly efficient, safe, and clean power generation system can be constructed, and it is targeted for small and medium-sized applications such as the expected daily waste disposal amount of tens of tons or less (factory, hospital,
This will enable the realization of distributed waste power generation systems such as hotels, office buildings, general households, etc.
【００２８】[0028]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように、本発明によれば、
燃料電池から生じる排熱を熱分解炉の熱源に使用し、ま
た、排気水蒸気を改質設備の熱源兼水蒸気源に使用した
ので、熱分解炉の熱効率を向上し、システムの発電効率
が向上する。これにより、一日のゴミ処理量が数十トン
以下の中小規模、分散型廃棄物発電システムの実現も可
能となる。As described above, according to the present invention,
Since the exhaust heat generated from the fuel cell was used as the heat source of the pyrolysis furnace and the exhaust steam was used as the heat source and steam source of the reforming equipment, the thermal efficiency of the pyrolysis furnace was improved and the power generation efficiency of the system was improved. . As a result, it is possible to realize a small-to-medium-scale distributed waste power generation system with a daily waste disposal amount of several tens of tons or less.
【図１】本実施形態に係る廃棄物発電システムの構成を
示す図。FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a waste power generation system according to this embodiment.
１ 熱分解炉 ２ 改質炉 ４ ガス精製装置 ５ 燃料電池（固体酸化物形燃料電池） ３、６ 熱交換器 ７ 凝縮器 1 Pyrolysis furnace 2 reforming furnace 4 gas purification equipment 5 Fuel cells (solid oxide fuel cells) 3, 6 heat exchanger 7 condenser
Claims (5)
熱分解炉と、 熱分解ガス中のタールやすす、硫黄分や塩素分等を除去
し、水素豊富なガスを精製する改質設備と、 精製ガスを供給して発電する燃料電池とを備え、 更に、前記燃料電池から生じる排熱を前記熱分解炉の熱
源に使用するための排熱回収設備を備えることを特徴と
する廃棄物発電システム。1. A pyrolysis furnace that heats waste to generate pyrolysis gas, and a reformer that removes tar and soot, sulfur and chlorine in the pyrolysis gas, and purifies a hydrogen-rich gas. Disposal characterized by comprising equipment and a fuel cell for supplying purified gas to generate power, and further comprising exhaust heat recovery equipment for using exhaust heat generated from the fuel cell as a heat source of the pyrolysis furnace Power generation system.
熱分解炉と、 熱分解ガス中のタールやすす、硫黄分や塩素分等を除去
し、水素豊富なガスを精製する改質設備と、 精製ガスを供給して発電する燃料電池とを備え、 更に、前記燃料電池から生じる排気水蒸気を前記改質設
備の熱源兼水蒸気源に使用するための排熱回収設備を備
えることを特徴とする廃棄物発電システム。2. A pyrolysis furnace that heats waste to generate pyrolysis gas and a reformer that removes tar and soot, sulfur and chlorine in the pyrolysis gas, and purifies a hydrogen-rich gas. And an exhaust heat recovery facility for using the exhaust steam generated from the fuel cell as a heat source and steam source of the reforming facility. And waste power generation system.
熱分解炉と、 熱分解ガス中のタールやすす、硫黄分や塩素分等を除去
し、水素豊富なガスを精製する改質設備と、精製ガスを
供給して発電する燃料電池とを備え、 更に、前記燃料電池から生じる排熱を前記熱分解炉の熱
源に使用すると共に、排気水蒸気を前記改質設備の熱源
兼水蒸気源に使用するための排熱回収設備を備えること
を特徴とする廃棄物発電システム。3. A pyrolysis furnace that heats waste to generate pyrolysis gas, and a reformer that removes tar and soot, sulfur content, chlorine content, etc. in the pyrolysis gas to purify a hydrogen-rich gas. Equipment and a fuel cell for supplying purified gas to generate electric power, further using exhaust heat generated from the fuel cell as a heat source of the pyrolysis furnace, and using exhaust steam as a heat source and steam source of the reforming equipment. A waste power generation system, characterized in that it is provided with an exhaust heat recovery facility for use in.
配設したことを特徴とする請求項１から請求項３までの
何れかに記載の廃棄物発電システム。4. The waste power generation system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the fuel cell is arranged in an appropriate place in the pyrolysis furnace.
燃料電池であることを特徴とする請求項１から請求項４
までの何れかに記載の廃棄物発電システム。5. The fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the fuel cell is a high temperature solid oxide fuel cell.
The waste power generation system according to any one of 1 to 3.
Priority Applications (1)
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|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002039491A JP2003243019A (en) | 2002-02-18 | 2002-02-18 | Waste power generating system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002039491A JP2003243019A (en) | 2002-02-18 | 2002-02-18 | Waste power generating system |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2003243019A true JP2003243019A (en) | 2003-08-29 |
Family
ID=27780497
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| JP2002039491A Pending JP2003243019A (en) | 2002-02-18 | 2002-02-18 | Waste power generating system |
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| JP (1) | JP2003243019A (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006110584A (en) * | 2004-10-13 | 2006-04-27 | Electric Power Dev Co Ltd | Metal casting system |
| JP2006128006A (en) * | 2004-10-29 | 2006-05-18 | Central Res Inst Of Electric Power Ind | High temperature type fuel cell power generation system by carbonizing and gasifying biomass |
| WO2009098936A1 (en) * | 2008-02-05 | 2009-08-13 | Central Research Institute Of Electric Power Industry | Fuel gas purification apparatus, power generation system, and fuel synthesis system |
| WO2010128886A2 (en) * | 2009-02-18 | 2010-11-11 | Закрытое Акционерное Общество "Бюpo Технологии Экспериментального Машиностроения" | Method for producing hydrocarbons from gaseous products of the plasma treatment of solid wastes (variants) |
| JP2011068893A (en) * | 2010-10-07 | 2011-04-07 | Central Res Inst Of Electric Power Ind | System for carbonizing and gasifying biomass and method for carbonizing and gasifying biomass |
| KR101123264B1 (en) * | 2009-09-23 | 2012-03-20 | 한밭대학교 산학협력단 | Fuel cell combined power system using waste gasification process |
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2002
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006110584A (en) * | 2004-10-13 | 2006-04-27 | Electric Power Dev Co Ltd | Metal casting system |
| JP4671656B2 (en) * | 2004-10-13 | 2011-04-20 | 電源開発株式会社 | Metal casting system |
| JP2006128006A (en) * | 2004-10-29 | 2006-05-18 | Central Res Inst Of Electric Power Ind | High temperature type fuel cell power generation system by carbonizing and gasifying biomass |
| WO2009098936A1 (en) * | 2008-02-05 | 2009-08-13 | Central Research Institute Of Electric Power Industry | Fuel gas purification apparatus, power generation system, and fuel synthesis system |
| CN101932678A (en) * | 2008-02-05 | 2010-12-29 | 财团法人电力中央研究所 | Fuel gas purification apparatus, power generation system, and fuel synthesis system |
| JP5366147B2 (en) * | 2008-02-05 | 2013-12-11 | 一般財団法人電力中央研究所 | Fuel gas purification equipment, power generation system and fuel synthesis system |
| US8636818B2 (en) | 2008-02-05 | 2014-01-28 | Central Research Institute Of Electric Power Industry | Fuel gas purification apparatus, power generation system, and fuel synthesis system |
| WO2010128886A2 (en) * | 2009-02-18 | 2010-11-11 | Закрытое Акционерное Общество "Бюpo Технологии Экспериментального Машиностроения" | Method for producing hydrocarbons from gaseous products of the plasma treatment of solid wastes (variants) |
| WO2010128886A3 (en) * | 2009-02-18 | 2010-12-29 | "Крено Инвест Са" | Method for producing hydrocarbons from gaseous products of the plasma treatment of solid waste (variants) |
| KR101123264B1 (en) * | 2009-09-23 | 2012-03-20 | 한밭대학교 산학협력단 | Fuel cell combined power system using waste gasification process |
| JP2011068893A (en) * | 2010-10-07 | 2011-04-07 | Central Res Inst Of Electric Power Ind | System for carbonizing and gasifying biomass and method for carbonizing and gasifying biomass |
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