JP4216036B2 - Waste treatment system - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
An object of the present invention relates to a waste treatment system that effectively treats residues and other wastes produced in an oil-producing apparatus, a methane fermentation apparatus, and a carbonization apparatus, and does not ultimately produce residues .
[0002]
[Prior art]
Attempts have been made in the past to make petroleum products and coal products such as plastic waste including plastic bottles and tires into oil, and use the oil again as a raw material for petrochemical resins and fuel oil. In this case, the residue after oiling and other wastes can only be used for landfill at a final disposal site through a shredder or the like.
[0003]
In addition, plants, livestock products, fish shellfish or their wastes, or sewage such as feces such as livestock products can be treated as either fertilizer or biomass energy resources, or incinerated or carbonized. It is common to perform processing.
[0004]
The conventional technology using the filth as a biomass resource uses agricultural products, plants, forests, waste foods, livestock products, livestock dung or fish shellfish using energy such as heavy oil, kerosene, natural gas or electricity. , Methane is easily generated at an atmospheric temperature (70 to 80 ° C), and gas and oil recovery are performed as biomass energy and used as fuel, but in this case, a residue is generated again New waste disposal has become a serious problem.
[0005]
Further, when a methane fermentation apparatus is used as a biomass energy apparatus, it is necessary to use kerosene, heavy oil, natural gas, electricity, etc., which are expensive, in order to heat and maintain the temperature at which methane fermentation occurs. In addition, when heavy oil is used, undesirable gases such as nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, and carbon dioxide are generated, and these gases are undesirable because they cause global warming.
[0006]
Furthermore, the conventional method of carbonizing the filth etc. also has the same problems as in the case of biomass technology due to the generation of residues.
[0007]
Furthermore, the prior art that uses the filth as a fertilizer has a possibility that trouble may occur because the receiving is in a saturated state, or when the filth or the like is used as a fertilizer, foreign matter may be mixed. .
[0008]
In addition, the conventional method for incinerating filth and the like has problems such as environmental pollution by discharging incinerated ash and dioxin.
[0009]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The objective of this invention is providing the waste processing system which processes effectively the residue and other waste which are produced | generated with an oil-ized apparatus, a methane fermentation apparatus, and / or a carbonization apparatus.
[0012]
Means to be Solved by the Invention
The present invention relates to an oiling device for producing fuel oil and residues by dry-melting petroleum products and coal products such as plastic wastes including plastic bottles and tires, followed by heating and melting, and plants, livestock products, fish shellfish or their A methane fermentation device that produces methane gas and residues by heating and holding biomass resources including waste or sewage such as feces such as livestock products, and general waste, industrial waste, biomass resources Carbonizers that carbonize and decompose carbon-containing materials such as carbonized gas and carbides, oil generators , methane fermentation units, and carbonized residue are supplied as fuel and resources, and are heated to 1000 ° C or higher. A slag obtained by cooling a high-temperature liquid material, comprising a reductive gasification and melting furnace that melts into a high-temperature liquid material and reductively gasifies the oxygen-containing gas generated in the furnace And / or metal is used for roadbed materials, etc., and the reducing gas generated in the reductive gasification and melting furnace is recovered at a relatively high temperature and effectively used as an energy resource such as high-temperature gas and fuel gas , and Energy resources such as reducing gas produced in gasification melting furnaces and energy resources produced in at least one of methane fermentation equipment, oil production equipment and carbonization equipment are mutually utilized effectively in these furnaces and equipment. By configuring as described above, the waste generation system is characterized in that the final residue generation rate is 0%.
[0014]
In addition, the present invention further comprises a steam generator for generating steam using heat of the hot gas generated in a reducing gasification melting furnace, and the heat of the steam generated by the steam generator, methane It is preferable to make effective use in a fermentation apparatus. In addition, when a carbonization device is also provided, the heat of water vapor generated by the steam generator should be effectively used in at least one of the carbonization device or the methane light-emitting device and the carbonization device. Is preferred.
[0016]
In addition, in the present invention, the methane fermentation apparatus is configured to effectively use the high-temperature exhaust gas generated in the gasification melting furnace in order to heat and maintain the methane fermentation temperature, and further includes an oil generation apparatus. In such a case, the high-temperature exhaust gas generated by at least one of the gasification melting furnace and the oilification apparatus is configured to be effectively used, and when further comprising a carbonization apparatus, at least one of the gasification melting furnace and the carbonization apparatus In the case where the high-temperature exhaust gas generated in the above is configured to be used effectively, or when both the oilification device and the carbonization device are further provided, it is generated at least one of the gasification melting furnace, the oilification device, and the carbonization device. It is more preferable that the high-temperature exhaust gas is effectively used.
[0017]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a flowchart for processing waste using the waste processing system according to the present invention.
[0018]
The flowchart shown in FIG. 1 is for a case where the waste treatment system 1 is mainly constituted by an oil generator 2 and a reductive gasification melting furnace 3.
[0019]
The oil making apparatus 2 is an apparatus for oiling petroleum products and coal products such as plastic waste including plastic bottles and tires, and a method of oiling with this apparatus is, for example, as shown in FIG. It has an inlet (not shown) for supplying the petroleum product, and the petroleum product supplied from this inlet is dry-distilled and then heated and melted at a temperature of 250 to 500 ° C. to gasify (vaporize) volatile components. The fuel oil is refined by cooling and liquefying the product, and this fuel oil is used as fuel for generating electricity by operating various engines such as the diesel engine 4 shown in FIG. It can be effectively used as fuel for vehicles.
[0020]
Moreover, the residue produced | generated by the oilification apparatus 2 can be effectively utilized as a fuel of the reductive gasification melting furnace 3, as shown in FIG.
[0021]
The reductive gasification and melting furnace 3 is a coke bed type that supplies the residue generated in the oil generator 2 as fuel and melts it at a high temperature at 1000 ° C. or higher to form a high-temperature liquid material, and gasifies the gas in the furnace. It is a reducing gasification melting furnace.
[0022]
The “high-temperature liquid” as used herein refers to, for example, molten slag or molten metal of 1000 ° C. or higher produced in a reductive gasification melting furnace that incinerates or melts general waste, industrial waste, etc. The melt of this is mentioned. The upper limit of the temperature of the melt is preferably 2600 ° C. in consideration of the heat resistance temperature of the refractory constituting the furnace. In particular, the temperature of the melt is more preferably 1000 to 1320 ° C.
[0023]
In the present invention, the reducing gas generated in the reductive gasification melting furnace 3 is recovered at a relatively high temperature, preferably 1000 to 2600 ° C., and a high-temperature (exhaust) gas as shown in FIG. And effectively used as an energy resource such as fuel gas.
[0024]
FIG. 1 shows an example in which the reducing gas generated in the reducing gasification melting furnace 3 is effectively used as high temperature exhaust gas. The high temperature exhaust gas discharged from the reduction gasification melting furnace 3 is treated with gas reforming treatment 5 and gas purification. Through the processing 6, power can be generated by supplying a high temperature to the generator, in FIG. 1, the gas engine 7, and the electric power obtained by this power generation can be used, for example, for the operation of the reductive gasification melting furnace 3. If it supplies to, cost reduction can be achieved and it becomes economically advantageous.
[0025]
FIG. 2 shows an example of a case where the reducing gas generated in the reducing gasification melting furnace 3 is recovered as, for example, H ₂ gas and effectively used as a fuel gas. If the electric power obtained by the power generation is supplied to the electric power company 9 or supplied to the factory as shown in FIG.
[0026]
In addition, when only the electric power obtained by the power generation using energy resources such as high-temperature (exhaust) gas and fuel gas is not enough, it may be supplemented with electric power supplied from an electric power company.
[0027]
As shown in FIG. 3, the waste treatment system according to the present invention includes a biomass energy device 10 instead of the oil production device 2, and uses the residue generated by the biomass energy device 10 as fuel for the reductive gasification melting furnace 3. Except for the supply, the configuration is substantially the same as the configuration of the waste treatment system of the first invention.
[0028]
The biomass energy device 10 has a configuration for recovering energy from biomass resources including vegetation such as plants, livestock products, fish shellfish or waste thereof, or feces such as livestock products.
[0029]
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of an embodiment of the present invention, in which a methane fermentation apparatus 11 is used as the biomass energy apparatus 10.
[0030]
The waste treatment apparatus in FIG. 4 generates high-temperature exhaust gas discharged from the reductive gasification melting furnace 3 through a heat exchanger 12 such as a steam generator, and uses the power obtained by this power generation as a methane fermentation apparatus 11. Is used to heat and hold the methane at a temperature necessary for fermentation, and the residue produced by methane fermentation is supplied to the reductive gasification melting furnace 3 and melted at a high temperature to form a solid solution in slag or metal. In the waste treatment, no residue is finally generated.
[0031]
Further, in the present invention, in addition to the above-described configuration, as shown in FIG.
[0032]
The carbonization apparatus 13 has an inlet (not shown) for supplying carbon-containing materials such as general waste, industrial waste, and biomass resources. The carbon-containing material is supplied from the inlet and carbonized. -It has the structure which decomposes and produces | generates carbonized gas and a carbide | carbonized_material. In FIG. 2, the carbide | carbonized_material, residue, etc. which were produced | generated by the carbonization apparatus 13 are supplied in the reductive gasification melting furnace 3, and it is made to melt at high temperature, slag or Since it dissolves in the metal, such a waste treatment does not ultimately produce a residue.
[0033]
Furthermore, in this invention, as shown in FIG. 3, the steam generator 14 which generates water vapor | steam using the heat | fever of the high temperature gas (1000-2600 degreeC) generate | occur | produced in the reductive gasification melting furnace 3 is provided, and The heat of steam at a temperature of 700 to 900 ° C. generated by the steam generator 12 is effectively used as it is in the carbonization apparatus 13 or the heat of steam at a temperature of 700 to 900 ° C. generated by the steam generator 14 is used. It is advantageous in terms of cost to use the heat exchanger 12 to convert to a high-temperature gas (for example, high-temperature air) of 80 to 100 ° C. and to effectively use the heat of this high-temperature gas for each biomass energy device 10.
[0034]
Furthermore, in the present invention, energy resources such as a reducing gas generated in a gasification melting furnace, and energy resources generated in at least one of an oilification apparatus, a biomass energy apparatus, and a carbonization apparatus are supplied to these furnace and apparatus. In order to reduce the waste disposal cost, it is preferable to configure such that the two can be effectively used.
[0035]
In addition, in FIG. 4, the biomass energy device is a methane fermentation device that generates methane gas, and this methane fermentation device heats and maintains the temperature at which methane is fermented. Although it was configured so as to be used effectively, the present invention is not limited to this, and it may be configured so as to effectively use high-temperature exhaust gas generated by an oil generator or a carbonizer.
[0036]
The above description is merely an example of the embodiment of the present invention, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the claims.
[0037]
In the present invention, waste residues and the like in a reducing gasification melting furnace, and the resulting slag or metal after cooling to hot melt, as these slugs or metal can be used in roadbed material, in such waste disposal In the end, no residue is produced, so that the final disposal site, which is a landfill site, can be dispensed with.
[0038]
【Example】
Waste was treated using the waste treatment system of the present invention (FIG. 3). At that time, the residue generation rate was 0%.
For comparison, when waste treatment was performed with a conventional biomass energy device and a conventional carbonization device, the residue generation rates were 41% and 27%, respectively.
[0039]
【The invention's effect】
ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the provision of the waste processing system which processes effectively the residue and other waste produced | generated with an oil-ized apparatus, a methane fermentation apparatus, and / or a carbonization apparatus was attained.
[0040]
Moreover, since a residue does not generate | occur | produce finally, the final disposal site which is a landfill place can be made unnecessary like the conventional apparatus.
[0041]
Furthermore, if the energy resources generated in the reductive gasification melting furnace, the oilification apparatus, the methane fermentation apparatus and / or the carbonization apparatus are effectively used, the waste treatment cost is remarkably improved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a waste treatment system according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is another flowchart of the waste treatment system according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a waste treatment system according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a waste treatment system according to the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Waste treatment system 2 Oil refiner 3 Reductive gasification melting furnace 4 Diesel engine 5 Gas reforming process 6 Gas cleaning process 7 Gas engine 8 Power generation system 9 Electric power company
10 Biomass energy equipment
11 Methane fermentation equipment
12 Heat exchanger
13 Carbonization equipment
14 Steam generator

Claims (4)

An oiling device for producing fuel oil and residue by dry-melting petroleum products and coal products such as plastic waste including plastic bottles and tires,
A methane fermentation apparatus that generates methane gas and residues by heating and holding biomass resources including plant, livestock products, fish and shellfish or wastes thereof, or wastes such as feces such as livestock products at a temperature at which methane is fermented;
A carbonization device that produces carbonized gas and carbide by carbonizing and decomposing carbon-containing materials such as general waste, industrial waste, and biomass resources;
Yuka device, a methane fermentation apparatus and carbonization apparatus resulting residue, as fuel and resources supplied vital 1000 ° C. or higher by hot melt with a high temperature liquid, reduced gasification melting of reducing gasification gas in the furnace A furnace,
With
The slag and / or metal obtained by cooling the high-temperature liquid material is used for roadbed materials, etc., and the reducing gas generated in this reductive gasification and melting furnace is recovered at a relatively high temperature, so that the high-temperature gas and fuel gas Energy resources such as reducing gas generated in a gasification and melting furnace and energy resources generated in at least one of a methane fermentation apparatus, an oilification apparatus, and a carbonization apparatus. The waste treatment system is characterized in that the final residue generation rate is 0% by being configured to be effectively used in each furnace and apparatus . 2. The waste treatment system according to claim 1 , further comprising a steam generator that generates steam by using heat of the high-temperature gas generated in the reductive gasification melting furnace, and further comprising steam generated by the steam generator. A waste treatment system that effectively utilizes heat in a methane fermentation apparatus. The waste treatment system according to claim 1 , further comprising a steam generator that generates steam by using heat of the high-temperature gas generated in the reduction gasification melting furnace, and generated by the steam generator. A waste treatment system characterized by effectively utilizing the heat of steam in at least one of a methane fermentation apparatus and a carbonization apparatus. The waste treatment system according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the methane fermentation apparatus heats and maintains the temperature at which methane is fermented, so that the high-temperature exhaust gas generated in the gasification melting furnace is effectively used. In the case of further comprising an oil generator, the high-temperature exhaust gas generated by at least one of the gasification melting furnace and the oil generator is configured to be used effectively, and when the carbonizer is further provided. The high-temperature exhaust gas generated in at least one of the gasification melting furnace and the carbonization apparatus, or when further comprising both the oilification apparatus and the carbonization apparatus, the gasification melting furnace, the oil A waste treatment system configured to effectively use high-temperature exhaust gas generated by at least one of a gasification device and a carbonization device.

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