JP4211118B2 - Method and apparatus for producing activated carbon from waste - Google Patents

Method and apparatus for producing activated carbon from waste Download PDF

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JP4211118B2
JP4211118B2 JP04015899A JP4015899A JP4211118B2 JP 4211118 B2 JP4211118 B2 JP 4211118B2 JP 04015899 A JP04015899 A JP 04015899A JP 4015899 A JP4015899 A JP 4015899A JP 4211118 B2 JP4211118 B2 JP 4211118B2
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exhaust gas
dry distillation
gas
furnace
temperature exhaust
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JP2000239010A (en
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克明 松澤
順也 西野
正皓 伊東
統夫 綾部
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IHI Corp
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
    • Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/20—Waste processing or separation

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Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は都市ごみ等の廃棄物から活性炭を製造する活性炭製造方法及び装置に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
現在の廃棄物の処理方式としては、焼却炉にて廃棄物を燃焼するようにした燃焼方式が採用されているが、近年では、燃焼排ガス中に含まれるダイオキシン発生の問題が指摘され、社会問題となっている。
【０００３】
そのため、次世代の廃棄物処理方式として、廃棄物を不活性雰囲気下で加熱して熱分解し、発生した熱分解ガスと熱分解残渣を溶融炉で高温燃焼させ、廃棄物中の灰分を溶融スラグとして取り出すようにした熱分解ガス化・溶融方式が開発され、一部で実証運転が行われている。
【０００４】
上記熱分解ガス化・溶融方式では、熱分解残渣を溶融炉で、たとえば、１３００℃以上の高温で燃焼させることにより、ダイオキシンの発生を抑えることができるものであるが、排ガスが、排ガス処理装置を通過する際、温度が低下し、ダイオキシンが再合成されてしまう。
【０００５】
そのため、廃熱回収ボイラの下流に、ガス冷却室を置いて溶融排ガスの温度を急激に低下させ、ガス冷却室で冷却した溶融排ガスを、消石灰を添加した状態で排ガス処理装置としてのバグフィルタを通すようにしている。
【０００６】
最近の廃棄物処理プロセスでは、ダイオキシン除去のための工夫が種々なされており、その一つとして、バグフィルタに活性炭を吹き込み、ダイオキシンを活性炭に吸着させることにより、ダイオキシンを除去するようにする処理方法がある。
【０００７】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところが、活性炭は、一般に、ヤシ殻や石炭等を賦活させて製造するもので、賦活法には、薬品賦活とガス賦活とがあり、どちらもよく利用されているが、製造された活性炭を上記ダイオキシン除去のためにバグフィルタに吹き込んで使用する場合に、コスト面で非常に大きな負担となっているのが実情である。
【０００８】
そこで、本発明は、廃棄物処理プロセスでのダイオキシン除去として用いる活性炭を安価に製造することができるような廃棄物からの活性炭製造方法及び装置を提供しようとするものである。
【０００９】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、上記課題を解決するために、廃棄物を乾留し、生成された乾留ガスとチャーのうち、チャーを賦活炉に供給すると共に、乾留炉から上記乾留ガスを取り出す乾留ガス取出ラインに設置した集じん機により捕集した乾留ガス中のダストを上記賦活炉に供給し、一方、上記集じん機にてダストを捕集した後の乾留ガスを燃焼させて高温排ガスを発生させ、該高温排ガスの一部を上記賦活炉の熱源とするようにし、更に、上記高温排ガスの残りの部分から廃熱回収により水蒸気を発生させ、該発生させた水蒸気と上記高温排ガスで上記賦活炉内のチャーとダストを賦活して活性炭を製造する廃棄物からの活性炭製造方法及び装置とする。
【００１０】
廃棄物を乾留して生成されたチャーと乾留炉から乾留ガスを取り出す乾留ガス取出ラインに設置した集じん機により捕集した乾留ガス中のダストを、乾留ガスを燃焼して得られた高温排ガスと、高温排ガスの廃熱により発生させた水蒸気で賦活させるので、活性炭を安価に製造することができる。
【００１１】
又、廃棄物を乾留し、生成された乾留ガスとチャーのうち、チャーを賦活炉に供給すると共に、乾留炉から上記乾留ガスを取り出す乾留ガス取出ラインに設置した集じん機により捕集した乾留ガス中のダストを上記賦活炉に供給し、一方、上記集じん機にてダストを捕集した後の乾留ガスを燃焼させて高温排ガスを発生させ、更に、該高温排ガス中に水を直接吹き込んで水蒸気を発生させて、該発生させた水蒸気と上記高温排ガスで上記賦活炉内のチャーとダストを賦活するようにすることにより、異なる加熱方式の賦活炉にも適用することができる。
【００１２】
更に、ダストを捕集した後の乾留ガスを燃焼させて発生させた高温排ガスの一部を廃棄物の乾留熱源とさせるようにすることによって、エネルギーを有効利用することができる。
【００１３】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面を参照して説明する。
【００１４】
図１は本発明の廃棄物からの活性炭製造装置の実施の一形態を示すもので、熱風供給ライン８を通して供給される熱風により廃棄物１を間接的に加熱分解して乾留する乾留炉３を設ける。又、該乾留炉３で廃棄物１から生成された乾留ガス１ａと乾留残渣としてのチャー１ｂのうち、チャー１ｂを取り出すチャー取出ライン４に、チャー１ｂから不燃物１ｃを選別除去する選別機５と、該選別機５で不燃物１ｃを除去した後のチャー１ｂを粉砕する粉砕機６とを設置し、該粉砕機６で粉砕処理した後のチャー１ｂを賦活炉７に供給するようチャー取出ライン４を賦活炉７に接続する。
【００１５】
一方、上記乾留炉３から乾留ガス１ａを取り出す乾留ガス取出ライン９に、サイクロンの如き集じん機１０と燃焼炉１１と二次燃焼室２を設置し、上記集じん機１０のダストライン１２を、上記チャー取出ライン４の粉砕機６よりも下流位置に接続して、集じん機１０にて捕集した乾留ガス１ａ中のダスト１ｄを、チャー１ｃと共に賦活炉７に供給できるようにし、集じん機１０にてダスト１ｄを捕集した後の乾留ガス１ａを燃焼炉１１で燃焼させ、更に、高温排ガス１６に含まれる未燃焼の一酸化炭素などを二次燃焼室２で燃焼させるようにする。上記燃焼炉１１出口側の高温排ガスライン１３の途中から分岐させた高温排ガス回収ライン１５を上記熱風供給ライン８に連通接続して、燃焼炉１１で発生した高温排ガス１６を乾留炉３の熱源として利用できるようにし、更に、上記燃焼炉１１の高温排ガスライン１３の途中の位置と上記賦活炉７との間に、燃焼炉１１で発生した高温排ガス１６の一部を賦活炉７に導くようにする高温排ガス導入ライン１７を接続する。
【００１６】
又、上記高温排ガスライン１３に廃熱回収ボイラ１８とガス冷却塔１４を設置して、高温排ガス回収ライン１５と高温排ガス導入ライン１７へ導かれた後の高温排ガス１６を廃熱回収ボイラ１８へ導いて熱回収させて水蒸気を発生させるようにし、一方、熱回収後の高温排ガス１６はガス冷却塔１４を通して冷却するようにし、更に、上記廃熱回収ボイラ１８で発生させた水蒸気１９を賦活炉７へ供給するように水蒸気供給ライン２０を賦活炉７に接続し、賦活炉７に供給されたチャー１ｂとダスト１ｄを、高温排ガス１６と水蒸気１９とによって賦活処理して活性炭２１を製造するようにする。２２は余剰の水蒸気を発電に利用するための廃熱回収ボイラ１８の余剰水蒸気ラインを示す。
【００１７】
上記乾留炉３での廃棄物１の乾留工程としては、燃焼炉１１で発生させた熱風としての高温排ガス１６を高温排ガス回収ライン１５から熱風供給ライン８を通し送給することにより、５００〜８００℃程度の外熱を間接的に与えるようにする。この乾留工程により、可燃性ガスである乾留ガス１ａと炭化物であるチャー１ｂとが生成される。
【００１８】
上記チャー１ｂは、チャー取出ライン４により乾留炉３の外部に取り出し、選別機５で不燃物１ｃを選別除去した後、粉砕機６にて細かく粉砕してから賦活炉７に供給する。一方、上記乾留ガス１ａは、乾留ガス取出ライン９を通し集じん機１０に導き、ここで捕集されたダスト１ｄを、ダストライン１２を通してチャー取出ライン４に合流させ、チャー１ｂと共に上記賦活炉７に供給させるようにする。
【００１９】
又、上記集じん機１０でダストが捕集された後の乾留ガス１ａを燃焼炉１１に導き、高温燃焼させるようにする。燃焼炉１１で発生した高温排ガス１６は、高温排ガスライン１３から高温排ガス回収ライン１５を通して乾留炉３の熱源として用いるものと、高温排ガス導入ライン１７を通し賦活炉７に導入して賦活炉７の熱源として用いるものと、下流の廃熱回収ボイラ１８に送って水蒸気１９を発生させるものとに分けるようにし、更に、廃熱回収ボイラ１８で発生させた水蒸気１９を、水蒸気供給ライン２０を通し上記賦活炉７に供給して、チャー１ｂやダスト１ｄを高温排ガス１６と水蒸気１９で賦活させるようにする。
【００２０】
このように、燃焼炉１１で発生させた高温排ガス１６を熱源として運転される賦活炉７にチャー１ｂ及びダスト１ｄを供給し、これらを、廃熱回収ボイラ１８で発生させた水蒸気１９で賦活させることにより、活性炭２１を得るようにする。
【００２１】
上記において、廃棄物１は処理すべきものであって、無料あるいは安価に入手することができるので、活性炭２１を安価に製造することができる。したがって、得られた活性炭２１を各種廃棄物処理プロセスで用いられているバグフィルタにダイオキシン対策として使用することにより、コスト的にきわめて有利となる。又、乾留炉３の熱源として、燃焼炉１１の高温排ガス１６の一部を用いるようにしていることから、エネルギーの有効利用ができる点でも有利である。
【００２２】
なお、上記実施の形態では、チャー１ｂの賦活のために、廃熱回収ボイラ１８で発生させた水蒸気１９を用いるようにした場合を示したが、発電設備の有無や、賦活炉７の形式によっては、これに代えて、たとえば、図１において二点鎖線で示す如く、高温排ガス導入ライン１７の途中に給水管２３を接続し、賦活炉７に導入される高温排ガス１６中に直接水を吹き込んで水蒸気を発生させるようにしてもよいこと、又、上記実施の形態で示した燃焼炉１１としては、溶融炉であってもよいこと、その他本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲内において種々変更を加え得ることは勿論である。
【００２３】
【発明の効果】
以上述べた如く、本発明によれば、廃棄物を乾留し、生成された乾留ガスとチャーのうち、チャーを賦活炉に供給すると共に、乾留炉から上記乾留ガスを取り出す乾留ガス取出ラインに設置した集じん機により捕集した乾留ガス中のダストを上記賦活炉に供給し、一方、上記集じん機にてダストを捕集した後の乾留ガスを燃焼させて高温排ガスを発生させ、該高温排ガスの一部を上記賦活炉の熱源とするようにし、更に、上記高温排ガスの残りの部分から廃熱回収により水蒸気を発生させ、該発生させた水蒸気と上記高温排ガスで上記賦活炉内のチャーとダストを賦活して活性炭を製造する廃棄物からの活性炭製造方法及び装置としてあるので、無料あるいは安価な廃棄物を利用して活性炭を安価に製造することができ、したがって、得られた活性炭を廃棄物処理プロセスでのダイオキシン除去用として利用することにより、きわめて有利となり、又、廃棄物を乾留し、生成された乾留ガスとチャーのうち、チャーを賦活炉に供給すると共に、乾留炉から上記乾留ガスを取り出す乾留ガス取出ラインに設置した集じん機により捕集した乾留ガス中のダストを上記賦活炉に供給し、一方、上記集じん機にてダストを捕集した後の乾留ガスを燃焼させて高温排ガスを発生させ、更に、該高温排ガス中に水を直接吹き込んで水蒸気を発生させて、該発生させた水蒸気と上記高温排ガスで上記賦活炉内のチャーとダストを賦活して活性炭を製造するようにすることにより、異なる形式の賦活炉にも適用でき、更に、ダストを捕集した後の乾留ガスを燃焼させて発生させた高温排ガスの一部を廃棄物の乾留熱源とさせるようにすることによって、エネルギーを有効に利用することができる、等の優れた効果を発揮する。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の廃棄物からの活性炭製造装置の実施の一形態を示す概略図である。
【符号の説明】
１ 廃棄物
１ａ 乾留ガス
１ｂ チャー
１ｄ ダスト
３ 乾留炉
４ チャー取出ライン
７ 賦活炉
８ 熱風供給ライン
９ 乾留ガス取出ライン
１０ 集じん機
１１ 燃焼炉
１３ 高温排ガスライン
１５ 高温排ガス回収ライン
１６ 高温排ガス
１７ 高温排ガス導入ライン
１８ 廃熱回収ボイラ
１９ 水蒸気
２０ 水蒸気供給ライン
２１ 活性炭
２３ 給水管[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an activated carbon production method and apparatus for producing activated carbon from waste such as municipal waste.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As the current waste treatment method, a combustion method is adopted in which waste is burned in an incinerator, but in recent years, the problem of the generation of dioxin contained in combustion exhaust gas has been pointed out, and social issues It has become.
[0003]
Therefore, as a next-generation waste treatment system, waste is heated and pyrolyzed in an inert atmosphere, and the generated pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis residue are burned at a high temperature in a melting furnace to melt the ash in the waste. A pyrolysis gasification / melting system has been developed that can be extracted as slag, and some demonstration operations have been carried out.
[0004]
In the above pyrolysis gasification / melting method, the pyrolysis residue is burned in a melting furnace, for example, at a high temperature of 1300 ° C. or higher, so that the generation of dioxins can be suppressed. When passing through, the temperature drops and dioxins are re-synthesized.
[0005]
For this reason, a gas cooling chamber is placed downstream of the waste heat recovery boiler to rapidly lower the temperature of the molten exhaust gas, and the molten exhaust gas cooled in the gas cooling chamber is added to the bag filter as an exhaust gas treatment device with slaked lime added. I try to pass it.
[0006]
In the recent waste treatment process, various devices for dioxin removal have been made. One of them is a treatment method that removes dioxin by blowing activated carbon into the bag filter and adsorbing the dioxin on the activated carbon. There is.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, activated carbon is generally produced by activating coconut shells, coal, etc., and the activation methods include chemical activation and gas activation, both of which are often used. Actually, it is a very large burden in terms of cost when blowing into a bag filter to remove dioxin.
[0008]
Therefore, the present invention is intended to provide a method and apparatus for producing activated carbon from waste, which can produce activated carbon used for dioxin removal in a waste treatment process at low cost.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a dry distillation gas extraction line for distilling waste, supplying char to an activation furnace, and taking out the dry distillation gas from the dry distillation furnace. The dust in the dry distillation gas collected by the installed dust collector is supplied to the activation furnace , while the dry distillation gas after collecting the dust in the dust collector is burned to generate high-temperature exhaust gas, A part of the high temperature exhaust gas is used as a heat source for the activation furnace, and further, steam is generated from the remaining part of the high temperature exhaust gas by waste heat recovery, and the generated steam and the high temperature exhaust gas are used in the activation furnace. A method and apparatus for producing activated carbon from waste that activates char and dust to produce activated carbon.
[0010]
High-temperature exhaust gas obtained by burning dry distillation gas from char generated by carbonization of waste and dust in the dry distillation gas collected by the dust collector installed in the dry distillation gas extraction line that extracts the dry distillation gas from the carbonization furnace And activated with water vapor generated by the waste heat of the high temperature exhaust gas, the activated carbon can be manufactured at low cost.
[0011]
In addition, carbonized carbon dioxide was collected by a dust collector installed in the carbonization gas extraction line for supplying the char to the activation furnace and taking out the carbonization gas from the carbonization furnace. the dust in the gas is supplied to the activating furnace, whereas, by burning carbonization gas after collecting dust in the dust collector to generate a high-temperature exhaust gas, further, blown water directly into the hot exhaust gas In this case, the steam and dust in the activation furnace are activated by the generated steam and the high-temperature exhaust gas, so that it can be applied to activation furnaces of different heating systems.
[0012]
Furthermore, energy can be effectively used by making a part of the high-temperature exhaust gas generated by burning the dry distillation gas after collecting the dust to be a dry distillation heat source of waste.
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0014]
FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of an apparatus for producing activated carbon from waste according to the present invention. A carbonization furnace 3 for indirectly thermally decomposing waste 1 by hot air supplied through a hot air supply line 8 and subjecting it to dry distillation is shown. Provide. A sorting machine 5 that sorts and removes non-combustible material 1c from the char 1b in the char take-out line 4 for taking out the char 1b out of the dry distillation gas 1a generated from the waste 1 in the dry distillation furnace 3 and the char 1b as the dry distillation residue. And a pulverizer 6 for pulverizing the char 1b after the non-combustible material 1c is removed by the sorter 5 and taking out the char so that the char 1b pulverized by the pulverizer 6 is supplied to the activation furnace 7. Connect line 4 to activation furnace 7.
[0015]
On the other hand, a dust collector 10 such as a cyclone, a combustion furnace 11 and a secondary combustion chamber 2 are installed in a dry distillation gas take-out line 9 for taking out the dry distillation gas 1a from the dry distillation furnace 3, and a dust line 12 of the dust collector 10 is installed. The dust 1d in the dry distillation gas 1a collected by the dust collector 10 is connected to the downstream side of the pulverizer 6 of the char take-out line 4 so that it can be supplied to the activation furnace 7 together with the char 1c. The dry distillation gas 1a after the dust 1d is collected by the duster 10 is combusted in the combustion furnace 11, and unburned carbon monoxide contained in the high temperature exhaust gas 16 is combusted in the secondary combustion chamber 2. To do. A high temperature exhaust gas recovery line 15 branched from the middle of the high temperature exhaust gas line 13 on the outlet side of the combustion furnace 11 is connected to the hot air supply line 8, and the high temperature exhaust gas 16 generated in the combustion furnace 11 is used as a heat source for the dry distillation furnace 3. Further, a part of the high temperature exhaust gas 16 generated in the combustion furnace 11 is led to the activation furnace 7 between a position in the middle of the high temperature exhaust gas line 13 of the combustion furnace 11 and the activation furnace 7. The high temperature exhaust gas introduction line 17 to be connected is connected.
[0016]
Further, a waste heat recovery boiler 18 and a gas cooling tower 14 are installed in the high temperature exhaust gas line 13, and the high temperature exhaust gas 16 after being led to the high temperature exhaust gas recovery line 15 and the high temperature exhaust gas introduction line 17 is supplied to the waste heat recovery boiler 18. The heat is recovered to generate water vapor, while the high-temperature exhaust gas 16 after heat recovery is cooled through the gas cooling tower 14, and the steam 19 generated in the waste heat recovery boiler 18 is further activated. The steam supply line 20 is connected to the activation furnace 7 so as to supply to the activation furnace 7, and the activated charcoal 21 is produced by activating the char 1 b and dust 1 d supplied to the activation furnace 7 with the high temperature exhaust gas 16 and the steam 19. To. 22 shows the surplus steam line of the waste heat recovery boiler 18 for using surplus steam for power generation.
[0017]
In the carbonization process of the waste 1 in the carbonization furnace 3, the high-temperature exhaust gas 16 as hot air generated in the combustion furnace 11 is supplied from the high-temperature exhaust gas recovery line 15 through the hot air supply line 8, so that 500 to 800 Apply external heat of about ℃ indirectly. By this carbonization step, a carbonization gas 1a which is a combustible gas and a char 1b which is a carbide are generated.
[0018]
The char 1b is taken out of the dry distillation furnace 3 through the char take-out line 4, and after separating and removing the incombustible material 1c by the sorter 5, the char 1b is finely crushed by the pulverizer 6 and then supplied to the activation furnace 7. On the other hand, the dry distillation gas 1a is led to the dust collector 10 through the dry distillation gas extraction line 9, and the dust 1d collected here is joined to the char extraction line 4 through the dust line 12, and together with the char 1b, the activation furnace. 7 is supplied.
[0019]
Further, the dry distillation gas 1a after the dust is collected by the dust collector 10 is guided to the combustion furnace 11 and burned at a high temperature. The high-temperature exhaust gas 16 generated in the combustion furnace 11 is used as a heat source for the dry distillation furnace 3 from the high-temperature exhaust gas line 13 through the high-temperature exhaust gas recovery line 15 and is introduced into the activation furnace 7 through the high-temperature exhaust gas introduction line 17. It is divided into what is used as a heat source and what is sent to the downstream waste heat recovery boiler 18 to generate steam 19, and further, the steam 19 generated in the waste heat recovery boiler 18 is passed through the steam supply line 20 to the above. It is supplied to the activation furnace 7 so that the char 1b and dust 1d are activated by the high temperature exhaust gas 16 and the water vapor 19.
[0020]
In this way, the char 1b and the dust 1d are supplied to the activation furnace 7 that is operated using the high-temperature exhaust gas 16 generated in the combustion furnace 11 as a heat source, and these are activated by the steam 19 generated in the waste heat recovery boiler 18. Thus, the activated carbon 21 is obtained.
[0021]
In the above, the waste 1 is to be treated and can be obtained free of charge or at low cost, so that the activated carbon 21 can be manufactured at low cost. Therefore, using the obtained activated carbon 21 as a countermeasure against dioxins in a bag filter used in various waste disposal processes is extremely advantageous in terms of cost. Further, since a part of the high-temperature exhaust gas 16 of the combustion furnace 11 is used as the heat source of the dry distillation furnace 3, it is advantageous in that energy can be effectively used.
[0022]
In the above embodiment, the case where the steam 19 generated in the waste heat recovery boiler 18 is used for the activation of the char 1b is shown, but depending on the presence or absence of power generation equipment and the type of the activation furnace 7 Instead, for example, as shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 1, a water supply pipe 23 is connected in the middle of the high-temperature exhaust gas introduction line 17, and water is directly blown into the high-temperature exhaust gas 16 introduced into the activation furnace 7. The combustion furnace 11 shown in the above embodiment may be a melting furnace, and other various modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. Of course, it can be added.
[0023]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, waste is dry-distilled, and among the generated dry-distillation gas and char, char is supplied to the activation furnace and installed in the dry distillation gas extraction line for taking out the dry distillation gas from the dry distillation furnace. The dust in the dry distillation gas collected by the dust collector is supplied to the activation furnace , while the dry distillation gas after the dust is collected by the dust collector is burned to generate high-temperature exhaust gas. A part of the exhaust gas is used as a heat source for the activation furnace, and further, steam is generated from the remaining part of the high-temperature exhaust gas by waste heat recovery, and the generated steam and the high-temperature exhaust gas are used to generate char in the activation furnace. and because dust and activated there as activated carbon manufacturing method and apparatus of the waste production of the activated carbon, activated carbon can be produced inexpensively by using a free or inexpensive waste, thus obtained By using the activated carbon as a dioxin removal in waste treatment processes, it is very advantageous, also by dry distillation of waste, among the generated carbonization gas and char, supplies char to the activation furnace, carbonization furnace The dry distillation gas after the dust in the dry distillation gas collected by the dust collector installed in the dry distillation gas extraction line for taking out the dry distillation gas from is supplied to the activation furnace, while the dust is collected in the dust collector the is burned to generate high temperature exhaust gas, further, the water to a high temperature in the exhaust gas to generate steam blown directly, by activating the char and dust of the activated furnace with steam and the hot flue gas obtained by the generated by so producing activated carbon, different can be applied to activation furnace form, further, a portion of the hot exhaust gas is generated by burning carbonization gas after collecting dust By so as to the dry distillation heat source wastes can be effectively utilized energy, it exhibits an excellent effect and the like.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an embodiment of an apparatus for producing activated carbon from waste according to the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Waste 1a Distillation gas 1b Char
1d Dust 3 Dry distillation furnace 4 Char take-out line 7 Activation furnace 8 Hot air supply line 9 Dry distillation gas take-out line
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Dust collector 11 Combustion furnace 13 High temperature exhaust gas line 15 High temperature exhaust gas recovery line 16 High temperature exhaust gas 17 High temperature exhaust gas introduction line 18 Waste heat recovery boiler 19 Steam 20 Steam supply line 21 Activated carbon 23 Supply pipe

Claims (6)

廃棄物を乾留し、生成された乾留ガスとチャーのうち、チャーを賦活炉に供給すると共に、乾留炉から上記乾留ガスを取り出す乾留ガス取出ラインに設置した集じん機により捕集した乾留ガス中のダストを上記賦活炉に供給し、一方、上記集じん機にてダストを捕集した後の乾留ガスを燃焼させて高温排ガスを発生させ、該高温排ガスの一部を上記賦活炉の熱源とするようにし、更に、上記高温排ガスの残りの部分から廃熱回収により水蒸気を発生させ、該発生させた水蒸気と上記高温排ガスで上記賦活炉内のチャーとダストを賦活して活性炭を製造することを特徴とする廃棄物からの活性炭製造方法。Among the dry distillation gas and char generated in the dry distillation gas, while supplying the char to the activation furnace, and in the dry distillation gas collected by the dust collector installed in the dry distillation gas extraction line for taking out the dry distillation gas from the dry distillation furnace the dust was fed to the activation reactor, whereas, by burning carbonization gas after collecting dust in the dust collector to generate a high-temperature exhaust gas, the heat source part of the high temperature exhaust gas of the activation furnace Furthermore, steam is generated from the remaining portion of the high-temperature exhaust gas by waste heat recovery, and activated charcoal is produced by activating char and dust in the activation furnace with the generated steam and the high-temperature exhaust gas. A method for producing activated carbon from waste. 廃棄物を乾留し、生成された乾留ガスとチャーのうち、チャーを賦活炉に供給すると共に、乾留炉から上記乾留ガスを取り出す乾留ガス取出ラインに設置した集じん機により捕集した乾留ガス中のダストを上記賦活炉に供給し、一方、上記集じん機にてダストを捕集した後の乾留ガスを燃焼させて高温排ガスを発生させ、更に、該高温排ガス中に水を直接吹き込んで水蒸気を発生させて、該発生させた水蒸気と上記高温排ガスで上記賦活炉内のチャーとダストを賦活して活性炭を製造することを特徴とする廃棄物からの活性炭製造方法。 Among the dry distillation gas and char generated in the dry distillation gas, while supplying the char to the activation furnace, and in the dry distillation gas collected by the dust collector installed in the dry distillation gas extraction line for taking out the dry distillation gas from the dry distillation furnace steam dust was fed to the activation reactor while burning a carbonization gas after collecting dust in the dust collector to generate a high-temperature exhaust gas, further, blown water directly into the hot exhaust gas And activated carbon is produced by activating char and dust in the activation furnace with the generated water vapor and the high-temperature exhaust gas to produce activated carbon from waste. ダストを捕集した後の乾留ガスを燃焼させて発生させた高温排ガスの一部を廃棄物の乾留熱源とさせるようにする請求項１又は２記載の廃棄物からの活性炭製造方法。 The method for producing activated carbon from waste according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a part of the high-temperature exhaust gas generated by burning dry distillation gas after collecting dust is used as a dry distillation heat source for waste. 廃棄物を乾留して乾留ガスとチャーを生成する乾留炉と、該乾留炉から上記乾留ガスを取り出す乾留ガス取出ラインに設置した集じん機及び燃焼炉と、上記乾留炉で生成されたチャーと上記集じん機により捕集した乾留ガス中のダストを賦活させる賦活炉と、上記燃焼炉出口側の高温排ガスラインの途中と上記賦活炉との間に接続して高温排ガスの一部を賦活炉に導入するようにした高温排ガス導入ラインと、上記燃焼炉出口側の高温排ガスラインに設置した廃熱回収ボイラと上記賦活炉との間に接続して水蒸気を賦活炉に供給するようにした水蒸気供給ラインとからなる構成を有することを特徴とする廃棄物からの活性炭製造装置。A dry distillation furnace by dry distillation of waste to generate a carbonization gas and char, and the dust collector and the combustion furnace from wherein the drying distillation reactor was placed in carbonization gas take-out line for taking out the dry distillation gas, and char produced in the dry distillation furnace An activation furnace that activates dust in the dry distillation gas collected by the dust collector, and a part of the high-temperature exhaust gas that is connected between the activation furnace and the middle of the high-temperature exhaust gas line on the outlet side of the combustion furnace Steam supplied to the activation furnace by connecting between the activation heat furnace and the waste heat recovery boiler installed in the high temperature exhaust gas introduction line introduced to the combustion furnace and the high temperature exhaust gas line on the combustion furnace outlet side An apparatus for producing activated carbon from waste, characterized in that the apparatus comprises a supply line. 廃棄物を乾留して乾留ガスとチャーを生成する乾留炉と、該乾留炉から上記乾留ガスを取り出す乾留ガス取出ラインに設置した集じん機及び燃焼炉と、上記乾留炉で生成されたチャーと上記集じん機により捕集した乾留ガス中のダストを賦活させる賦活炉と、上記燃焼炉出口側の高温排ガスラインの途中と上記賦活炉との間に接続して高温排ガスの一部を賦活炉に導入するようにした高温排ガス導入ラインとを備え、該高温排ガス導入ラインの途中に給水管を接続して、高温排ガス中に水を直接吹き込んで水蒸気を発生させるようにした構成を有することを特徴とする廃棄物からの活性炭製造装置。 A carbonization furnace for carbonizing waste to produce carbonization gas and char; a dust collector and a combustion furnace installed in a carbonization gas extraction line for extracting the carbonization gas from the carbonization furnace; and a char generated in the carbonization furnace An activation furnace that activates dust in the dry distillation gas collected by the dust collector, and a part of the high-temperature exhaust gas that is connected between the activation furnace and the middle of the high-temperature exhaust gas line on the outlet side of the combustion furnace A high-temperature exhaust gas introduction line introduced into the high-temperature exhaust gas introduction line , connected to a water supply pipe in the middle of the high-temperature exhaust gas introduction line , and having a configuration in which water is directly blown into the high-temperature exhaust gas to generate water vapor. A device for producing activated carbon from waste. ダストを捕集した後の乾留ガスを燃焼させて発生させた高温排ガスの一部を回収する高温排ガスラインから分岐させた高温排ガス回収ラインを、乾留炉に接続した請求項４又は５記載の廃棄物からの活性炭製造装置。The disposal according to claim 4 or 5 , wherein a high-temperature exhaust gas recovery line branched from a high-temperature exhaust gas line for recovering a part of the high-temperature exhaust gas generated by burning dry distillation gas after collecting dust is connected to a dry distillation furnace. Activated carbon production equipment from things.
JP04015899A 1999-02-18 1999-02-18 Method and apparatus for producing activated carbon from waste Expired - Lifetime JP4211118B2 (en)

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