JP4710675B2 - Processed gasification and power generation system - Google Patents

Processed gasification and power generation system Download PDF

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JP4710675B2
JP4710675B2 JP2006076922A JP2006076922A JP4710675B2 JP 4710675 B2 JP4710675 B2 JP 4710675B2 JP 2006076922 A JP2006076922 A JP 2006076922A JP 2006076922 A JP2006076922 A JP 2006076922A JP 4710675 B2 JP4710675 B2 JP 4710675B2
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fluidized bed
gasification
combustion furnace
bed combustion
odor
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JP2007252975A (en
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伸彦 久保田
英人 池田
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IHI Corp
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/12—Heat utilisation in combustion or incineration of waste
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/40—Valorisation of by-products of wastewater, sewage or sludge processing

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  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)
  • Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)

Description

本発明は、畜糞や有機物などの処理物をガス化し、ガスエンジンにて発電を行う処理物のガス化及び発電システムに関するものである。 The present invention relates to a gasification and power generation system for a processed product that gasifies a processed product such as livestock excrement or organic matter and generates power with a gas engine.

畜糞等の処理は、野積みが禁止されて以来、焼却処理していたが、焼却処理では、運転のための電気などの運転コストがかかるため、コンポスト化し肥料としたり、これを燃料として発電することが行われている（特許文献１〜３）。   The treatment of livestock excrement has been incinerated since open field was banned. However, incineration requires operating costs such as electricity for operation, so it is composted and used as fertilizer, or power is generated using this as fuel. (Patent Documents 1 to 3).

畜糞等のコンポスト化には、好気性微生物が活動しやすい環境にして好気性処理を施して堆肥とすることが行われているが、畜糞をコンポスト化する際に、アンモニアなどの臭気が大量に発生するため、これを処理する必要がある。   Composting of animal manure, etc. is carried out in an environment where aerobic microorganisms can easily act, and aerobic treatment is performed to make compost. However, when composting animal manure, a large amount of odor such as ammonia is produced. This will need to be handled.

従来、特許文献４〜６に示されるように畜糞や有機物などを乾燥させた際に発生したアンモニアガスを燃料と共に燃焼させて熱分解などにて脱臭している。 Conventionally, as shown in Patent Documents 4 to 6, ammonia gas generated when animal dung or organic matter is dried is burned with fuel and deodorized by thermal decomposition or the like.

特開２００４−７６９６８号公報JP 2004-76968 A 特開２００３−２５３２７４号公報JP 2003-253274 A 特開２００２−１３６９５３号公報Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-136953 特開２００３−１４８１８６号公報JP 2003-148186 A 特開２００２−１７４４１２号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-174412 特開２００３−１７０１４７号公報JP 2003-170147 A 特開２００５−４１９５９号公報JP 2005-41959 A

しかしながら、畜糞や有機物などの処理と共に発生するアンモニアガスを処理するための装置が別途必要となる問題がある。 However, there is a problem that an apparatus for treating ammonia gas generated along with the treatment of livestock excrement or organic matter is required separately.

また、コンポスト化で得られた肥料や乾燥した有機物などを燃料として発電するに際しても外部からの動力を必要とし、特許文献７に示されるように、自己完結で運転できる発電システムは開発されていない。 In addition, power generation from the outside is also required when generating power using fertilizer or dry organic matter obtained by composting, and as shown in Patent Document 7, a power generation system that can be operated by itself is not developed. .

そこで、本発明の目的は、上記課題を解決し、畜糞や有機物などの処理物を処理するに際して、これをガス化すると共に発電できる処理物のガス化及び発電システムを提供することにある。 Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to solve the above-described problems and provide a gasification and power generation system for a processed material that can be gasified and power generated when processing a processed material such as livestock dung and organic matter .

上記目的を達成するために請求項１の発明は、投入された畜糞を好気性処理して発酵畜糞とするコンポスト槽と、コンポスト槽からの臭気を含む空気で、投入された燃料と流動媒体を高速流動化して燃焼させると共に臭気成分を無臭化・無害化させる流動層燃焼炉と、該流動層燃焼炉からの流動媒体と未燃燃料とを排ガスから分離するサイクロンと、該サイクロンで分離した固形分が導入され、流動媒体の持つ熱と水蒸気の存在下で、未燃燃料と投入される上記発酵畜糞又は畜糞とをガス化する流動層ガス化炉とを備えたことを特徴とする処理物のガス化システムである。 In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the invention of claim 1 is characterized in that a compost tank that is subjected to aerobic treatment of input animal manure to produce fermented animal manure, and the input fuel and fluid medium are made of air containing odor from the compost tank. A fluidized bed combustion furnace for causing fluidization by burning at high speed and deodorizing / detoxifying odor components, a cyclone for separating the fluidized medium and unburned fuel from the fluidized bed combustion furnace from the exhaust gas, and a solid separated by the cyclone A treated product comprising a fluidized bed gasification furnace for gasifying the fermented livestock dung or the livestock dung to be fed with unburned fuel in the presence of heat and water vapor of the fluid medium This is a gasification system.

請求項２の発明は、コンポスト槽からの臭気を含む空気を、上記流動層燃焼炉の上部に吹き込んで流動層燃焼炉で発生したＮＯ 2 を脱硝させる請求項１記載の処理物のガス化システムである。 The invention according to claim 2 is a gasification system for a treated product according to claim 1, wherein air containing odor from a compost tank is blown into the upper part of the fluidized bed combustion furnace to denitrate NO 2 generated in the fluidized bed combustion furnace. It is.

請求項３の発明は、投入された水分の多い有機物或いは水分が多く臭気を発する有機物を、間接加熱して乾燥物とする乾燥機と、該乾燥機からの臭気を含む空気で、投入された上記乾燥物と流動媒体を高速流動化して燃焼させると共に臭気成分を無害化させる流動層燃焼炉と、該流動層燃焼炉からの流動媒体と未燃燃料とを排ガスから分離するサイクロンと、該サイクロンで分離した固形分が導入され、流動媒体の持つ熱と水蒸気の存在下で、未燃燃料と投入される上記乾燥物及び／又は水分の多い有機物或いは水分が多く臭気を発する有機物とをガス化する流動層ガス化炉とを備えたことを特徴とする処理物のガス化システムである。 In the invention of claim 3, the organic substance with a high water content or the organic substance with a high water content and emitting an odor is indirectly heated to obtain a dry product, and the air containing the odor from the dryer is supplied. A fluidized bed combustion furnace for causing the dry matter and the fluidized medium to burn at high speed and detoxifying odor components; a cyclone for separating the fluidized medium and unburned fuel from the fluidized bed combustion furnace from exhaust gas; and the cyclone In the presence of heat and water vapor in the fluidized medium, the solid matter separated in step 1 is gasified in the presence of unburned fuel and the above-mentioned dry matter and / or organic matter with a high moisture content or organic matter with a high moisture content. a gasification system of the workpiece, characterized in that a fluidized-bed gasification furnace for.

請求項４の発明は、乾燥機からの臭気成分を含む空気を上記流動層燃焼炉の上部に吹き込んで流動層燃焼炉で発生したＮＯ 2 を脱硝させる請求項３記載の処理物のガス化システムである。 The invention according to claim 4 is a gasification system for a treated product according to claim 3, wherein NO 2 generated in the fluidized bed combustion furnace is denitrated by blowing air containing an odor component from the dryer into the upper part of the fluidized bed combustion furnace. It is.

請求項５の発明は、投入された臭気を発するバイオマスを好気性発酵させて発酵物とする発酵装置と、該発酵装置からの臭気を含む空気で、投入された上記臭気を発するバイオマスと流動媒体を高速流動化して燃焼させると共に臭気成分を無害化させる流動層燃焼炉と、該流動層燃焼炉からの流動媒体と未燃燃料とを排ガスから分離するサイクロンと、該サイクロンで分離した固形分が導入され、流動媒体の持つ熱と水蒸気の存在下で、未燃燃料と投入される上記臭気を発するバイオマスとを、ガス化する流動層ガス化炉とを備えたことを特徴とする処理物のガス化システムである。 The invention according to claim 5 is a fermentation apparatus that aerobically ferments biomass that emits odors to produce a fermented product, and the biomass and fluid medium that emits the odors that are introduced with air containing odors from the fermentation apparatus. A fluidized bed combustion furnace that makes the odor components harmless by fluidizing at high speed, a cyclone that separates the fluidized medium and unburned fuel from the fluidized bed combustion furnace from the exhaust gas, and a solid content separated by the cyclone Introducing the treated product, comprising a fluidized bed gasification furnace that gasifies the unburned fuel and the biomass that emits the odor introduced in the presence of heat and water vapor of the fluid medium . It is a gasification system.

請求項６の発明は、発酵装置からの臭気成分を含む空気を、上記流動層燃焼炉の上部に吹き込んで流動層燃焼炉で発生したＮＯ 2 を脱硝させる請求項５記載の処理物のガス化システムである。 The invention according to claim 6 is the gasification of the processed product according to claim 5, wherein the NO 2 generated in the fluidized bed combustion furnace is denitrated by blowing air containing an odor component from the fermentation apparatus into the upper part of the fluidized bed combustion furnace. System.

請求項７の発明は、請求項１〜６のいずれかに記載の処理物のガス化システムにおける流動層ガス化炉で生成されたガス化ガスを用い、このガス化ガスをガスエンジンに供給してガスエンジンを駆動し、そのガスエンジンで発電機を駆動することを特徴とする処理物のガス化・発電システムである。 The invention of claim 7 uses the gasification gas generated in the fluidized bed gasification furnace in the gasification system for the processed material according to any one of claims 1 to 6 , and supplies the gasification gas to the gas engine. A gasification / power generation system for processed materials, characterized in that a gas engine is driven and a generator is driven by the gas engine.

本発明によれば、畜糞等の水分を含んだり臭気のある有機物を堆肥化したり、水分の多く含む有機物やバイオマスを燃料としてガス化して電気エネルギーとすることができると共に発生する臭気を無害化できるという優れた効果を発揮するものである。 ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the organic matter which contains water | moisture content, such as livestock excrement, or an odor can be composted, or the organic matter and biomass which contain much moisture can be gasified as a fuel, and can be made into electrical energy, and the generated odor can be made harmless. This is an excellent effect.

以下、本発明の好適な一実施の形態を添付図面に基づいて詳述する。   A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

図１において、１０は生畜糞１１を堆肥化するコンポスト槽で、コンポスト槽１０に、コンポスト槽１０内の生畜糞１１を好気性処理するための空気吹込手段１２が接続される。コンポスト槽１０内は、詳細は図示していないが攪拌機が設けられ、生畜糞１１が、空気吹込手段１２からの空気と接触して好気性微生物が活動する環境に維持される。   In FIG. 1, reference numeral 10 denotes a compost tank for composting live animal feces 11, and an air blowing means 12 for aerobic treatment of the live animal feces 11 in the compost tank 10 is connected to the compost tank 10. Although not shown in detail in the compost tank 10, a stirrer is provided, and the livestock excrement 11 is maintained in an environment in which aerobic microorganisms are active by contacting the air from the air blowing means 12.

コンポスト槽１０で好気性処理された生畜糞１１は、発酵畜糞１３として排出され、一部は肥料１４として出荷され、残りは燃料として後述するガス化装置２０の流動層ガス化炉２２に供給される。またコンポスト槽１０から排気される空気には臭気１５を含んでおり、この臭気１５を含んだ空気がガス化装置２０の流動層燃焼炉２１に供給される。   The livestock manure 11 aerobically treated in the compost tank 10 is discharged as fermented animal manure 13, a part is shipped as fertilizer 14, and the rest is supplied as fuel to a fluidized bed gasifier 22 of a gasifier 20 described later. The The air exhausted from the compost tank 10 contains an odor 15, and the air containing the odor 15 is supplied to the fluidized bed combustion furnace 21 of the gasifier 20.

ガス化装置２０は、本出願人に係る特許文献７に開示したように流動層燃焼炉２１と流動層ガス化炉２２とサイクロン２３とからなる。流動層燃焼炉２１の底部にブロア２４が接続され、臭気１５を含んだ空気がライン１６から、また一部外気が空気ライン１７からブロア２４を介して流動層燃焼炉２１に吹き込まれる。 The gasifier 20 includes a fluidized bed combustion furnace 21, a fluidized bed gasification furnace 22, and a cyclone 23 as disclosed in Patent Document 7 related to the present applicant . A blower 24 is connected to the bottom of the fluidized bed combustion furnace 21, and air containing odor 15 is blown into the fluidized bed combustion furnace 21 from the line 16 and part of the outside air is blown from the air line 17 through the blower 24.

流動層燃焼炉２１は、流動層ガス化炉２２からライン２５を介して供給される砂およびチャーなどからなる流動媒体と、必要に応じて投入ライン２６から供給される発酵畜糞とをブロア２４からの空気で高速流動化して炉内を上昇させ、その間に、チャー（或いは発酵畜糞）を部分酸化させる。   The fluidized bed combustion furnace 21 receives from the blower 24 a fluidized medium composed of sand and char supplied from the fluidized bed gasification furnace 22 via the line 25 and fermented livestock droppings supplied from the input line 26 as necessary. The air is fluidized at high speed to raise the inside of the furnace, and in the meantime, char (or fermented livestock dung) is partially oxidized.

この部分酸化により流動媒体が高温に加熱され、またブロア２４から吹き込まれた空気中の臭気成分であるアンモニアは、下式反応で燃焼脱臭される。   The fluid medium is heated to a high temperature by this partial oxidation, and ammonia, which is an odor component in the air blown from the blower 24, is burned and deodorized by the following reaction.

４ＮＨ3 ＋ ７Ｏ2 → ４ＮＯ 2 ＋ ６Ｈ2Ｏ
また発生したＮＯ 2 は、アンモニアで下式の脱硝反応で窒素に還元される。 4NH 3 + 7O 2 → 4NO 2 + 6H 2 O
The generated NO 2 is reduced to nitrogen by ammonia in the following denitration reaction.

６ＮＯ 2 ＋ ８ＮＨ3 → ７Ｎ2 ＋ １２Ｈ2Ｏ
これらの反応により臭気成分は無害化される。 6NO 2 + 8NH 3 → 7N 2 + 12H 2 O
These reactions render the odor component harmless.

流動層燃焼炉２１を上昇した未燃燃料と流動媒体はライン２７よりサイクロン２３に導入され、そこで固−気分離され、排ガスが排気ライン２８より排気され、流動媒体と未燃燃料は、ライン２９より、流動層ガス化炉２２に供給される。   The unburned fuel and the fluid medium that have risen in the fluidized bed combustion furnace 21 are introduced into the cyclone 23 through the line 27, where they are separated into solid and gas, exhaust gas is exhausted from the exhaust line 28, and the fluid medium and unburned fuel are separated from the line 29. Thus, it is supplied to the fluidized bed gasification furnace 22.

サイクロン２３には、サイクロン２３で分離された排ガスと主に熱交換する熱交換器３１が設けられ、その熱交換器３１に給水源３２が接続され、熱交換器３１で発生した蒸気３３が後述するブロア３０に供給される。   The cyclone 23 is provided with a heat exchanger 31 that mainly exchanges heat with the exhaust gas separated by the cyclone 23, a water supply source 32 is connected to the heat exchanger 31, and steam 33 generated in the heat exchanger 31 is described later. Supplied to the blower 30.

流動層ガス化炉２２では、ライン１８より発酵畜糞１３が投入され、ブロア３０からの蒸気で、流動媒体、未燃燃料、発酵畜糞１３が流動化され、流動媒体の持つ顕熱と水蒸気で、未燃燃料と発酵畜糞のガス化反応が行われて、Ｈ2 ，ＣＯのガス化ガスが生成される。 In the fluidized bed gasification furnace 22, the fermented livestock feces 13 are input from the line 18, and the fluid medium, unburned fuel, and fermented livestock feces 13 are fluidized with the steam from the blower 30, and the sensible heat and steam of the fluidized medium Gasification reaction of unburned fuel and fermented livestock feces is performed, and gasification gas of H 2 and CO is generated.

生成したガス化ガスは、ライン３４からガス精製塔３５に供給され、そのガス精製塔３５で精製された後、ガスエンジン３６に供給されて、燃焼排ガスが排気ライン３７から排気される。同時にガスエンジン３６により発電機３８が駆動されて、発電が行われる。   The generated gasified gas is supplied from the line 34 to the gas purification tower 35, purified by the gas purification tower 35, then supplied to the gas engine 36, and the combustion exhaust gas is exhausted from the exhaust line 37. At the same time, the generator 38 is driven by the gas engine 36 to generate power.

発電機３８で得られた電気エネルギーは、コンポスト槽１０の攪拌機（図示せず）、ガス化装置２０のブロア２４，３０の駆動に利用され、余剰分は売電４０に回す。また装置の起動時には、市販電源４１でブロア２４，３０等を駆動する。   The electric energy obtained by the generator 38 is used to drive the stirrer (not shown) of the compost tank 10 and the blowers 24 and 30 of the gasifier 20, and surplus is sent to the power sale 40. When the apparatus is activated, the blowers 24, 30 and the like are driven by a commercial power supply 41.

この図１の実施の形態においては、コンポスト槽１０内でコンポスト化により発生する臭気１５は、アンモニアなどの有機性のガスであり、一部は可燃性があり燃料として使用でき、またアンモニアなどの臭気１５は、ガス化装置２０の流動層燃焼炉２１で酸化反応と還元反応にて無害化でき、また得られた発酵畜糞１３を燃料とし、これをＣＯ、Ｈ2 、ＣＨ4 などの炭化水素からなるガス化ガスに変換し、ガスエンジン３６と発電機３８にて電気エネルギーとすることができる。 In the embodiment of FIG. 1, the odor 15 generated by composting in the compost tank 10 is an organic gas such as ammonia, and part of it is flammable and can be used as fuel. The odor 15 can be detoxified by oxidation reaction and reduction reaction in the fluidized bed combustion furnace 21 of the gasifier 20, and the obtained fermented livestock 13 is used as fuel, which is a hydrocarbon such as CO, H 2 , CH 4 and the like. The gas engine 36 and the generator 38 can convert the gas into gasified gas.

図２は、本発明の他の実施の形態を示したもので、水分の多い有機物を処理する例を示したものであり、基本的には図１と同じであるが、水分の多い有機物１１Ａを乾燥機１０Ａに投入し、乾燥機１０Ａで乾燥させるようにしたものである。   FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the present invention, which shows an example of processing an organic substance having a high water content, which is basically the same as FIG. Is put into the dryer 10A and dried by the dryer 10A.

図において、乾燥機１０Ａには、伝熱管やジャケット等からなる加熱器４５が設けられ、その加熱器４５に、排ガス供給ライン４６と排気ライン４７が接続される。排ガス供給ライン４６にブロア４８が接続され、ガス化装置２０のサイクロン２３とガスエンジン３６の排気ライン２８，３７からの排ガスが、ブロア４８、排ガス供給ライン４６を介して加熱器４５に供給される。   In the drawing, the dryer 10 </ b> A is provided with a heater 45 including a heat transfer tube, a jacket, and the like, and an exhaust gas supply line 46 and an exhaust line 47 are connected to the heater 45. A blower 48 is connected to the exhaust gas supply line 46, and exhaust gases from the cyclone 23 of the gasifier 20 and the exhaust lines 28 and 37 of the gas engine 36 are supplied to the heater 45 through the blower 48 and the exhaust gas supply line 46. .

乾燥機１０Ａに投入された水分の多い有機物１１Ａは、図示しない攪拌機で攪拌されつつ加熱器４５で加熱されると共に空気供給手段１２からの空気により好気性処理と乾燥がなされて乾燥物１３Ａとされ、投入ライン２６よりガス化装置２０の流動層燃焼炉２１に投入されて燃焼される。   The organic substance 11A with a lot of water charged in the dryer 10A is heated by the heater 45 while being stirred by a stirrer (not shown), and is subjected to aerobic treatment and drying by the air from the air supply means 12 to obtain a dried product 13A. Then, the gas is introduced into the fluidized bed combustion furnace 21 of the gasifier 20 through the charging line 26 and burned.

乾燥機１０Ａからの臭気成分、水蒸気を含む空気はライン１６から、空気ライン１７の空気と共にブロア２４にて循環式の流動層燃焼炉２１に吹き込まれ、投入ライン２６からの乾燥物１３Ａとライン２５からの流動媒体とを流動化しながら乾燥物１３Ａを部分燃焼させる。またこの際、図１で説明したようにアンモニア等の臭気成分が無害化される。   The odor component from the dryer 10A and the air containing water vapor are blown into the circulating fluidized bed combustion furnace 21 through the blower 24 together with the air in the air line 17 from the line 16, and the dried product 13A and the line 25 from the input line 26 are blown. The dried product 13A is partially combusted while fluidizing the fluid medium. At this time, as described with reference to FIG. 1, odor components such as ammonia are rendered harmless.

バブリング式の流動層ガス化炉２２には、投入ライン２６より水分の多い有機物１１Ａまたは乾燥物１３Ａ或いはこれらの混合物を投入してガス化反応を行う。   The bubbling fluidized bed gasification furnace 22 is charged with an organic substance 11A, a dried substance 13A or a mixture thereof having a high water content from a charging line 26 to perform a gasification reaction.

本実施の形態では水分の多い有機物１１Ａを乾燥しつつ、これを燃料として発電に供することができる。   In the present embodiment, the organic substance 11A with a high moisture content can be dried and used for power generation as a fuel.

図３は、本発明のさらに他の実施の形態を示したもので、基本的には図２の実施の形態と同じであるが、水分が多く臭気を発する有機物１１Ｂを処理する例を示したものである。   FIG. 3 shows still another embodiment of the present invention, which is basically the same as the embodiment of FIG. 2, but shows an example of processing an organic substance 11B that has a lot of moisture and emits an odor. Is.

この図３の実施形態でも水分が多く臭気を発する有機物１１Ｂを乾燥機１０Ｂに投入し、加熱器４５による間接加熱で加熱され、空気供給手段１２からの空気で好気性処理がなされ、水分が水蒸気として、また臭気成分が空気と共にライン１６、ブロア２４にてガス化装置２０の流動層燃焼炉２１に吹き込まれる。   In the embodiment of FIG. 3 as well, the organic substance 11B having a large amount of moisture and generating an odor is charged into the dryer 10B, heated by indirect heating by the heater 45, subjected to aerobic treatment with the air from the air supply means 12, and the moisture is vaporized. The odor component is blown into the fluidized bed combustion furnace 21 of the gasifier 20 through the line 16 and the blower 24 together with air.

またブロア２４の吐出側のライン１６より分岐して二段吹き込みライン５０が接続され、その二段吹き込みライン５０にて流動層燃焼炉２１の上部にアンモニア等の臭気成分が空気と共に吹き込まれるようになっている。   Further, a two-stage blowing line 50 is branched from the line 16 on the discharge side of the blower 24 so that an odor component such as ammonia is blown into the upper portion of the fluidized bed combustion furnace 21 together with air in the two-stage blowing line 50. It has become.

このように臭気成分を含む空気を流動層燃焼炉２１の底部と上部で吹き込むことで、流動層燃焼炉２１の下部では、
４ＮＨ3 ＋ ７Ｏ2 → ４ＮＯ 2 ＋ ６Ｈ2Ｏ
の燃焼脱臭が支配的に生じ、上部では、
６ＮＯ 2 ＋ ８ＮＨ3 → ７Ｎ2 ＋ １２Ｈ2Ｏ
の脱硝反応が支配的となる。 In this way, by blowing air containing odor components at the bottom and top of the fluidized bed combustion furnace 21, at the bottom of the fluidized bed combustion furnace 21,
4NH 3 + 7O 2 → 4NO 2 + 6H 2 O
Combustion deodorization occurs predominantly at the top,
6NO 2 + 8NH 3 → 7N 2 + 12H 2 O
The denitration reaction becomes dominant.

この場合、二段吹き込みライン５０から吹き込むアンモニア等の臭気成分を含む空気は、発生するＮＯ 2 に応じてその吹き込み量を調整できるので、臭気成分のより完全な無害化が行える。 In this case, the amount of air containing odorous components such as ammonia blown from the two-stage blowing line 50 can be adjusted according to the generated NO 2 , so that the odorous components can be made more harmless.

また乾燥機１０Ｂで生成した乾燥物１３Ｂは、投入ライン２６より流動層燃焼炉２１に投入し、流動層ガス化炉２２には、水分が多く臭気を発する有機物１１Ｂまたは乾燥物１３Ｂ、或いはこれらの混合物を投入ライン１８より投入する。   Further, the dried product 13B generated by the dryer 10B is input to the fluidized bed combustion furnace 21 through the input line 26, and the fluidized bed gasification furnace 22 is supplied with the organic matter 11B or the dried product 13B that emits an odor with a large amount of water, or these. The mixture is charged from the charging line 18.

この図３の実施の形態では、臭気を発生する有機物１１Ｂを処理するに当たって、流動層燃焼炉２１で、二段燃焼させると共にアンモニア等の窒素系の臭気成分成分を二段で吹き込んで燃焼脱臭と脱硝とを行うことで、より臭気成分の無害化が達成できる。   In the embodiment of FIG. 3, in treating the organic matter 11B that generates odor, in the fluidized bed combustion furnace 21, two-stage combustion is performed and nitrogen-based odor component components such as ammonia are blown in two stages. By performing denitration, detoxification of odor components can be achieved.

図４は、本発明のさらに他の実施の形態を示したもので、臭気を発するバイオマス１１Ｃを処理する例を示したものである。   FIG. 4 shows still another embodiment of the present invention, and shows an example of processing biomass 11C that emits an odor.

本実施の形態においては、臭気を発するバイオマス１１Ｃを処理する例を示し、臭気を発するバイオマス１１Ｃを発酵装置１０Ｃ内に投入し、その発酵装置１０Ｃ内に空気供給手段１２から空気を吹き込んで好気性発酵を行って発酵物１３Ｃとし、また発酵装置１０Ｃに吹き込んだ空気は、図３の実施の形態で説明したようにブロア２４からライン１６を介して流動層燃焼炉２１の底部から吹き込み、残りをライン５０を介して流動層燃焼炉２１の上部に吹き込んで二段燃焼乃至二段吹き込みを行って臭気成分を燃焼脱臭と脱硝により無害化する。   In this embodiment, an example of processing biomass 11C that emits odor is shown, and biomass 11C that emits odor is introduced into the fermentation apparatus 10C, and air is blown into the fermentation apparatus 10C from the air supply means 12 and is aerobic. The air that has been fermented into the fermented product 13C and blown into the fermentation apparatus 10C is blown from the bottom of the fluidized bed combustion furnace 21 through the line 16 from the blower 24 as described in the embodiment of FIG. It blows into the upper part of the fluidized bed combustion furnace 21 via the line 50, and performs two-stage combustion or two-stage blow to detoxify odor components by combustion deodorization and denitration.

また臭気を発するバイオマス１１Ｃは、投入ライン２６から流動層燃焼炉２１と投入ライン１８から流動層ガス化炉２２に投入して直接燃料として使用する。   Further, the odorous biomass 11C is input from the input line 26 to the fluidized bed combustion furnace 21 and from the input line 18 to the fluidized bed gasification furnace 22 and used directly as fuel.

本発明の一実施の形態を示す図である。It is a figure which shows one embodiment of this invention. 本発明の他の実施の形態を示す図である。It is a figure which shows other embodiment of this invention. 本発明のさらに他の実施の形態を示す図である。It is a figure which shows other embodiment of this invention. 本発明のさらに他の実施の形態を示す図である。It is a figure which shows other embodiment of this invention.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１０ コンポスト槽
１１ 生畜糞
１３ 発酵畜糞
２１ 流動層燃焼炉
２２ 流動層ガス化炉
２３ サイクロン
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Compost tank 11 Livestock feces 13 Fermented livestock feces 21 Fluidized bed combustion furnace 22 Fluidized bed gasification furnace 23 Cyclone

Claims (7)

投入された畜糞を好気性処理して発酵畜糞とするコンポスト槽と、コンポスト槽からの臭気を含む空気で、投入された燃料と流動媒体を高速流動化して燃焼させると共に臭気成分を無臭化・無害化させる流動層燃焼炉と、該流動層燃焼炉からの流動媒体と未燃燃料とを排ガスから分離するサイクロンと、該サイクロンで分離した固形分が導入され、流動媒体の持つ熱と水蒸気の存在下で、未燃燃料と投入される上記発酵畜糞又は畜糞とをガス化する流動層ガス化炉とを備えたことを特徴とする処理物のガス化システム。 Composting tanks that are aerobically treated with livestock excrement and air containing odors from the composting tank. The fuel and fluidized medium are fluidized at high speed and burned, and odorous components are non-brominated and harmless. Fluidized bed combustion furnace, cyclone for separating the fluidized medium and unburned fuel from the fluidized bed combustion furnace from the exhaust gas, solid content separated by the cyclone is introduced, and the presence of heat and water vapor in the fluidized medium A treated product gasification system comprising: a fluidized bed gasification furnace that gasifies the unburned fuel and the fermented livestock dung or the livestock dung to be fed. コンポスト槽からの臭気を含む空気を、上記流動層燃焼炉の上部に吹き込んで流動層燃焼炉で発生したＮＯ 2 を脱硝させる請求項１記載の処理物のガス化システム。 The gasification system for a treated product according to claim 1, wherein air containing odor from a compost tank is blown into the upper part of the fluidized bed combustion furnace to denitrate NO 2 generated in the fluidized bed combustion furnace. 投入された水分の多い有機物或いは水分が多く臭気を発する有機物を、間接加熱して乾燥物とする乾燥機と、該乾燥機からの臭気を含む空気で、投入された上記乾燥物と流動媒体を高速流動化して燃焼させると共に臭気成分を無害化させる流動層燃焼炉と、該流動層燃焼炉からの流動媒体と未燃燃料とを排ガスから分離するサイクロンと、該サイクロンで分離した固形分が導入され、流動媒体の持つ熱と水蒸気の存在下で、未燃燃料と投入される上記乾燥物及び／又は水分の多い有機物或いは水分が多く臭気を発する有機物とをガス化する流動層ガス化炉とを備えたことを特徴とする処理物のガス化システム。 The dried organic substance that has been charged with water or the organic substance that emits odor with a large amount of moisture is heated indirectly to obtain a dried product, and the dried product and the fluid medium that have been added are mixed with air containing the odor from the dryer. Introduced fluidized bed combustion furnace for fluidizing and burning odor components at high speed, cyclone for separating fluid medium and unburned fuel from the fluidized bed combustion furnace from exhaust gas, and solid content separated by the cyclone A fluidized bed gasification furnace that gasifies the unburned fuel and the dry matter and / or organic matter with a high moisture content or an organic matter with a high moisture content in the presence of heat and steam of the fluidized medium. A gasification system for a processed product, comprising: 乾燥機からの臭気成分を含む空気を上記流動層燃焼炉の上部に吹き込んで流動層燃焼炉で発生したＮＯ 2 を脱硝させる請求項３記載の処理物のガス化システム。 The gasification system for a treated product according to claim 3, wherein air containing odor components from a dryer is blown into the upper part of the fluidized bed combustion furnace to denitrate NO 2 generated in the fluidized bed combustion furnace. 投入された臭気を発するバイオマスを好気性発酵させて発酵物とする発酵装置と、該発酵装置からの臭気を含む空気で、投入された上記臭気を発するバイオマスと流動媒体を高速流動化して燃焼させると共に臭気成分を無害化させる流動層燃焼炉と、該流動層燃焼炉からの流動媒体と未燃燃料とを排ガスから分離するサイクロンと、該サイクロンで分離した固形分が導入され、流動媒体の持つ熱と水蒸気の存在下で、未燃燃料と投入される上記臭気を発するバイオマスとを、ガス化する流動層ガス化炉とを備えたことを特徴とする処理物のガス化システム。 A fermenter that aerobically ferments biomass that emits odors to produce a fermented product, and the odor-stimulated biomass and fluid medium burn at high speed using the air containing the odors from the fermenter and burn it. In addition, a fluidized bed combustion furnace for detoxifying odor components, a cyclone for separating the fluidized medium and unburned fuel from the fluidized bed combustion furnace from the exhaust gas, and a solid content separated by the cyclone are introduced, and the fluidized medium has A gasification system for a treated product , comprising: a fluidized bed gasification furnace that gasifies the unburned fuel and biomass that emits the odor in the presence of heat and water vapor. 発酵装置からの臭気成分を含む空気を、上記流動層燃焼炉の上部に吹き込んで流動層燃焼炉で発生したＮＯ 2 を脱硝させる請求項５記載の処理物のガス化システム。 6. The gasification system for a processed product according to claim 5, wherein air containing odor components from a fermentation apparatus is blown into the upper part of the fluidized bed combustion furnace to denitrate NO 2 generated in the fluidized bed combustion furnace. 請求項１〜６のいずれかに記載の処理物のガス化システムにおける流動層ガス化炉で生成されたガス化ガスを用い、このガス化ガスをガスエンジンに供給してガスエンジンを駆動し、そのガスエンジンで発電機を駆動することを特徴とする処理物のガス化・発電システム。 Using either the process of gasification gasification gas produced in a fluidized bed gasification furnace in the system according to claims 1 to 6, the gasification gas is supplied to the gas engine to drive the gas engine, A gasification / power generation system for processed materials, characterized in that a generator is driven by the gas engine.
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