JP2005290694A - Wall body ventilating member, building wall body, and building - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a wall body ventilating member for suitably ensuring ventilation in a wall body in a practically favorable form even when the wall body is constructed to prevent ventilation in the wall body. <P>SOLUTION: The ventilating member 51 is provided along the side face of a girth (a horizontal material) 22 having a longitudinal groove 22a in use. It is continuously arranged perpendicular to face materials 33, 43 which cover the inner face of a heat insulating layer 15 arranged on the outdoor side of a wall body air duct 17 extending over an underfloor space and an attic space. The ventilating member 51 has a ventilation lateral groove 52 and flanges 53, 54. The ventilation lateral groove 52 is recessed to the outdoor side continuously extending in the horizontal direction and communicated with the longitudinal groove 22a of the wall body air duct 17. The flanges 53, 54 range from the ventilation lateral groove 52 and are put on the back faces of edges 33a, 43a of the face materials 33, 43. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a wall of a building having a wall ventilation path that allows ventilation between the underfloor space and the attic space, a ventilation member used for the ventilation in the wall, and a building including the wall. .

Conventionally, in a house with heat insulation, a vertical ventilation notch is installed on the side of the horizontal member such as end joist, anti-roll, side joist, side joist, etc. A technique is known in which a plurality of spaces are provided at intervals along the longitudinal direction to allow ventilation between the underfloor space and the cabin space (for example, see Patent Document 1).
Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2003-119918 (paragraph 0005, FIG. 1 to FIG. 3, FIG. 5)

  Patent Document 1 merely discloses a technique in which ventilation is allowed to pass through a horizontal member arranged in the vertical direction so as to obstruct ventilation in the ventilation passage in the wall. No mention is made of securing the ventilation path in the horizontal direction, which is the extending direction.

  Usually, an opening for providing a window is provided in a part of the wall. When a horizontal bar material such as a window sill or a lintel that divides this opening is provided in contact with the upper surface or the lower surface of the horizontal member, the horizontal member closes the ventilation notch of the horizontal member, and the wall Improvement in the ventilation of the wall, which exhausts heat and moisture in the body, is required.

  As a countermeasure, a notch for communicating the two air passage portions is provided in a vertical member that partitions the closed air passage portion and another air passage portion adjacent to the closed air passage portion. However, the machining of the notch is not preferable in terms of construction because it is a work that uses only the construction site.

  As another countermeasure, the present inventor considered that the horizontal member is provided with another ventilation notch that extends in the lateral direction so as to intersect with the longitudinal ventilation notch. However, although this measure enables ventilation in the wall that bypasses the opening, it reduces the strength of the horizontal member and is not practical in that it is difficult to cut out the horizontal member. .

  Some wooden buildings have a wall body in which the inner surface of a heat insulating layer for heat insulation in the wall body is covered with a structural surface material. In this wall, since the face material is divided into a plurality of parts in the vertical direction, joint processing may be performed on the joints from the viewpoint of fireproof performance. However, the conventional joint fixing member used for joint treatment is only used independently of ventilation in the wall.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a ventilation member for a wall suitable for securing the ventilation in the wall in a preferable form for practical use, even if the wall has a structure that prevents ventilation in the wall. An object of the present invention is to provide a wall of a building that can ensure ventilation in the wall in a form that is preferable for practical use, even if the wall has a blocking structure, and a building including the wall.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a wall ventilation member according to the present invention is a ventilation member provided in a wall body provided with a wall ventilation path extending between an under-floor space and a shed space, and is recessed outward. In addition, it has a ventilation lateral groove that extends continuously in the horizontal direction and communicates with the wall ventilation path.

  In the present invention and each of the following inventions, the ventilation member can be formed of metal, synthetic resin, wood, inorganic material, or the like. The ventilation member according to the present invention is used by allowing a horizontal ventilation groove extending in the horizontal direction to communicate with a ventilation passage in the wall extending between the underfloor space and the cabin space. For this reason, even if a part of the ventilation passage in the wall is blocked by a structure (ventilation blockage) that prevents the ventilation of the wall, such as a window of the wall, the horizontal displacement with respect to the structure that prevents the ventilation in the wall It is possible to guide the dammed air through the ventilation lateral groove to the in-wall ventilation path portion where ventilation is ensured at the adjacent position. Thereby, ventilation in the wall over the underfloor space and the attic space can be secured.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the wall ventilation member according to the present invention is provided in a vertical direction with respect to the face material covered on the outdoor side of the ventilation path between the underfloor space and the cabin space. A ventilation member continuously disposed, which is recessed to the outdoor side and extends continuously in the horizontal direction and communicates with the ventilation passage in the wall, and an edge of the face material continuous with the transverse groove And a flange that overlaps the back of the part.

  In the present invention, the flange of the ventilation member has at least one of the ventilation lateral grooves according to the installation position of a horizontal member such as a trunk inserted at right angles to a pillar such as a through pillar or a member arranged in parallel with the trunk. What is necessary is just to provide continuously so that it may bend from a groove edge.

  The ventilation member according to the present invention is used by allowing a horizontal ventilation groove extending in the horizontal direction to communicate with a ventilation passage in the wall extending between the underfloor space and the cabin space. For this reason, even if a part of the ventilation path of the wall is blocked by the structure that prevents the ventilation in the wall such as the window of the wall, the ventilation is performed at an adjacent position shifted in the horizontal direction with respect to the structure that prevents the ventilation in the wall. The air blocked by the structure that prevents the ventilation in the wall can be guided through the ventilation lateral groove to the in-wall ventilation path portion where the airflow is secured. Thereby, ventilation in the wall over the underfloor space and the attic space can be secured. Further, the ventilation member can be attached to a face material or the like by a flange continuous with the ventilation lateral groove. Moreover, since this ventilation member covers the edge of the face material from the back surface and is continuously arranged in the vertical direction with respect to the face material, it can function as a joint-preventing member.

  Moreover, in the preferable form of this invention, the ventilation member is made from a nonflammable material. Here, the non-combustible material refers to a member made of a material that conforms to the non-combustible material defined in Article 2, Paragraph 9 of the Building Standard Law, and a metal can be suitably used as the non-combustible material. In the invention of this preferred embodiment, it is possible to prevent the flame from passing through the joint portion at the time of a fire due to the nonflammability of the ventilation member functioning as the joint stopper member.

  Further, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an obstructing element that expands and expands so as to maintain the state in which the ventilation of the wall ventilation path is allowed at a predetermined temperature or less and to block the ventilation of the wall ventilation path at a temperature exceeding the predetermined temperature. Are provided on at least the inner surface of the inner surface and the outer surface of the ventilation lateral groove.

  In this preferred embodiment of the invention, when the closing element is heated by heat in the event of a fire and the temperature exceeds a predetermined temperature, the closing element foams and expands and the ventilation lateral groove is cut off, whereby the ventilation of the ventilation path in the wall can be blocked. As a result, it is possible to suppress the spread of fire through the ventilating passage in the wall.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the wall of the building according to the present invention has a wall ventilation passage that communicates the underfloor space and the shed space inside the heat insulation layer, and the inner surface of the heat insulation layer is a surface. In a wall of a building covered with a material, a horizontal member placed in a horizontal direction along the outer periphery of the building and having a vertical groove on the side surface for ventilation between the underfloor space and the attic space; A ventilation member that has a ventilation transverse groove that communicates in a crossing relationship with the groove and extends in the horizontal direction, and is disposed on a side surface of the horizontal member along the longitudinal direction of the horizontal member. It is a feature.

  In the present invention, the ventilation member is disposed along the side surface of the horizontal member having a plurality of vertical grooves for ventilation, and the horizontal ventilation groove of the ventilation member and the vertical groove of the horizontal member are crossed. Thus, these grooves are connected to form a ventilation structure in the wall. For this reason, even if some vertical grooves of the horizontal member may be blocked by the structure that prevents the ventilation in the wall such as the window of the wall, the adjacently shifted in the horizontal direction with respect to the structure that prevents the ventilation in the wall The air blocked by the structure that prevents the ventilation in the wall can be guided through the ventilation lateral groove to the vertical groove of the horizontal member in which ventilation is ensured at the position. Thereby, ventilation in the wall over the underfloor space and the attic space can be secured.

  In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ventilation member according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is used as the ventilation member.

  In the invention of this preferred embodiment, the ventilation member can be attached to the face material or the like by the flange, and the ventilation member can use the face material as a joint sealing member, or a flame passes through the joint part at the time of a fire. In addition, it is possible to suppress the passage of air through the wall ventilation path by a closing element that foams and expands with heat in the event of a fire, and to suppress the spread of fire through the wall ventilation path.

  In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ventilation member having the corner portion and the adjacent wall portion has the ventilation lateral groove communicated with each other at the corner portion.

  In the invention of this preferred embodiment, the ventilation lateral groove is continuous along the horizontal direction on the outer periphery of the building, and ventilation at the protruding corner portion and the entering corner portion of the wall body is possible. It can be improved.

  Moreover, in order to solve the said subject, since the building which concerns on this invention has comprised the wall body which concerns on either invention among each said invention, it obtains the effect | action mentioned above and ventilates in a wall body. Even if the wall has a structure that prevents the wall, it is possible to provide a building including a wall that can ensure ventilation in the wall in a form that is preferable in practical use.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, even if a wall has the structure which interrupts | blocks ventilation | gas_flowing in a wall body, the ventilation member of a wall body suitable for ensuring ventilation in a wall body with a preferable form on practical use can be provided.

  Moreover, according to the present invention, even if the wall has a structure that prevents ventilation in the wall, the wall of the building that can ensure the ventilation in the wall in a preferable form for practical use, and the building including the wall Can provide.

  A conventional two-story wooden house according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the concrete base 2 provided in the house 1 forms an underfloor space 2 a inside thereof. In order to insulate the underfloor space 2a, a heat insulating layer (not shown) is attached to at least one of the outdoor surface and the indoor surface of the foundation concrete that forms the main body of the foundation 2. The foundation 2 has one or more underfloor ventilation openings 3. An underfloor damper 4 that opens and closes the underfloor ventilation port 3 is attached to the foundation 2. The underfloor damper 4 is arbitrarily opened or closed manually or electrically. Reference numeral 5 denotes a first-floor room as a lower-floor room constructed on the foundation 2. Reference numeral 6 denotes a second-floor room as an upper-floor room constructed on the first-floor room 5. In addition, the code | symbol 5a has shown the floor board of the 1st floor room 5 which faced the underfloor space 2a, and 5b has shown the ceiling board of the 1st floor room 5. FIG. Reference numeral 6 a denotes a floor board of the second-floor room 6, and 6 b denotes a ceiling board of the second-floor room 6 facing the back space 13. Moreover, the code | symbol 7 in FIG. 1 has shown the foundation.

  The living rooms 5 and 6 are covered by the outline of the house 1. The outer shell includes a wall body 11, a roof 12, and the like. The wall 11 is provided surrounding the living rooms 5 and 6 on the first and second floors. The roof 12 is continuously provided on the upper side of the wall body 11, and a shed space 13 is formed between the roof 12 and the second-floor room 6 on the uppermost floor.

  The outer shell includes a heat insulating layer 15 for heat insulation of the wall 11, an outer air passage 16 and a wall internal air passage 17 provided with the heat insulating layer 15 interposed therebetween. For the heat insulating layer 15, a plastic heat insulating material, for example, a board in which one or more layers of foamed polystyrene foamed independently is used can be suitably used. In addition, flame retardant or non-flammable phenol foam, ALC, glass wool or rock wool. It is also possible to use a layered fiber-based heat insulating material. Inside the heat insulating layer 15, the living rooms 5 and 6, the shed space 13, and the wall ventilation path 17 of the wall body 11 are provided.

  For example, a forced ventilation device 18 is provided in the upper part of the house 1 as a ventilation part that opens and closes communication between the cabin space 13 partitioned from the outer ventilation path 16 by the heat insulating layer 15 and the outside. The forced ventilation device 18 is disposed on the exhaust path 18a that connects the attic space 13 and the outside, the electric ventilation fan 18b in which at least a fan is disposed in the exhaust path 18a, and preferably on the downstream side of the ventilation fan 18b. And an exhaust damper 18c that opens and closes the exhaust passage 18a. The ventilation part which consists of the forced ventilation apparatus 18 grade | etc., May be the structure which is not provided with the exhaust damper 18c. Further, the ventilation unit may be an exhaust damper that is opened and closed manually or electrically and is naturally ventilated by opening the ventilator, and further includes ordinary fittings such as opening / closing elements such as a drake window and a skylight.

  The outer air passage 16 is formed between the heat insulating layer 15 and the exterior material 14 and the roof material of the wall 11 along these. The lower end 16a of the outer ventilation path 16 is always open and communicates with the outdoor atmosphere. An exhaust portion 19 that is open so as to communicate with the outdoors is provided on the upper portion of the roof 12, and the upper end portion of the outer air passage 16 is communicated with the exhaust portion 19.

  The in-wall ventilation path 17 is formed between the heat insulating layer 15 and the living rooms 5 and 6 by using a column 21 (see FIG. 5) such as a through-column that forms a housing of the house 1 and a torso 22. The underfloor space 2a and the cabin space 13 are communicated with each other. The column 21 that is a vertical bar is arranged to extend perpendicularly to the outer periphery of the house 1. The torso 22 functions as a horizontal member, and its end is connected to the column 21 and is disposed in the horizontal direction along the outer periphery of the house 1.

  As shown in FIG. 4 and the like, a plurality of vertical grooves 22a and a plurality of convex portions 22b adjacent to the plurality of vertical grooves 22a are alternately provided at predetermined intervals on the outdoor side surface of the trunk 22. The vertical grooves 22 a extending in the vertical direction are notches for allowing ventilation in the wall across the underfloor space 2 a and the shed space 13, and open to both the upper and lower surfaces of the torso 22. The width of each vertical groove 22a is 10 mm to 100 mm, preferably 20 mm to 60 mm, the depth of each vertical groove 22a is 5 mm to 30 mm, preferably 7 mm to 15 mm, and the length of each vertical groove 22a according to the thickness of the body 22 The width is preferably 150 mm to 500 mm.

  Reference numeral 23 in FIG. 5 indicates an intermediate column that is provided extending in the vertical direction between the columns 21 with both upper and lower ends fixed to a horizontal member such as the barrel 22, and further, reference numeral 24 in FIG. A window arranged continuously in the vertical direction with respect to the insert 22 is shown. The window 24 in the illustrated example is disposed with its window base 24 a in contact with the upper surface of the barrel 22. The window 24 is an example of a ventilation blocker that stops ventilation of a part of the ventilation path in the wall, and the lintel (not shown) of the window 24 is in contact with the lower surface of the trunk 22 opposite to the example of FIG. Sometimes it is arranged.

  The in-wall air passage 17 includes a downstairs air passage portion 31, an upstairs air passage portion 41, and a communication structure (vertical groove 22a and vent lateral groove 52) provided to connect the air passage portions 31, 41. It is formed with.

  The downstairs airway portion 31 has, for example, a gypsum board 32 that functions as a fire-resistant covering material by fixing its peripheral portion to the indoor side surface of the pillar 21 and the trunk 22 by nailing or the like, and the pillar 21 and the trunk 22. The outer peripheral side is formed with a face member 33 whose peripheral portion is fixed by nailing or the like. The downstairs air passage portion 31 communicates with the underfloor space 2a through a through hole 34 formed in a ventilation portion at the lower end, for example, an extension portion of the floor board 5a. The gypsum board 32 which is a vertical surface material faces the first-floor room 5. As the face material 33 which is a vertical face material, a structural plywood having a thickness of 2 mm to 24 mm, a wood panel, for example, a nonflammable panel made of an inorganic material, or the like is used. The face material 33 is in contact with the heat insulating layer portion corresponding to the first-floor room 5 in the heat insulating layer 15.

  For example, gypsum board 42, pillar 21 and torso 22 are used as upper floor airway portion 41. The peripheral part is fixed to the indoor side surface of pillar 21 and torso 22 by nailing or the like, and functions as a fireproof covering material. The outer peripheral side is formed with a face member 43 whose peripheral part is fixed by nailing or the like. The upper-side air passage portion 41 communicates with the cabin space 13 through a vent hole 44 formed in the upper vent portion, for example, the extended portion of the ceiling 6b. The gypsum board 42 which is a vertical surface material faces the second-floor room 6. Similarly to the face material 33, a structural plywood having a thickness of 2 mm to 24 mm, a wood panel, such as a nonflammable panel made of an inorganic material, and the like is used for the face material 43 that is a vertical face material. The face material 43 is in contact with a heat insulating layer portion corresponding to the second-floor room 6 in the heat insulating layer 15.

  In the present embodiment, a single plate is used for the face members 33 and 43, but a plurality of face member elements may be continuously arranged in the vertical direction. Further, another surface material that is continuously applied to the body insert 22 is added between the face members 33 and 43 applied to the side surface of the body insert 22 continuously above or below a ventilation groove portion 52 described later of the ventilation member 51. It can also be provided. The added face material covers the wall ventilation path 17 from the outdoor side together with the face material continuous upward or downward, and specifically, is disposed so as to cover the longitudinal groove 22a.

  An edge portion 33a of the lower face member 33 struck on the side surface of the trunk 22 having the longitudinal groove 22a, and an edge portion 43a of the lower face member 43 similarly struck on the side surface of the barrel insert 22. Are separated from each other. Between the edge portions 33a and 43a adjacent to each other, a ventilation member 51 which is continuous in the vertical direction is provided.

  The ventilation member 51 is made of a non-combustible material, for example, a metal having a thickness that can be nailed, as a preferable example. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the ventilation member 51 includes a ventilation lateral groove 52, for example, a pair of flanges 53 and 54, and a closing element 55.

  The ventilation lateral groove 52 is recessed outward and has a substantially U-shaped cross section, and extends continuously in the horizontal direction. The flanges 53, 54 are bent in the direction away from the opening edge extending in the longitudinal direction of the ventilation lateral groove 52 and are continuous with the ventilation lateral groove 52. The protruding width A of the ventilation lateral groove 52 with respect to the flanges 53 and 54 is substantially the same as the thickness B of the face members 33 and 43. However, when A ≦ B, the ventilation lateral groove is compared with the case of A> B. It is preferable in that the portion of the heat insulating layer 15 that faces the surface 52 can be prevented from forming a non-land state that protrudes to the outdoor side.

  The ventilation member 51 has the ventilation lateral groove 52 arranged between the edge portions 33a and 43a of the face members 33 and 43, and one flange 53 is overlapped on the back surface of the edge portion 33a to form the edge portion 33a with a plurality of nails 56. In addition to fixing, the other flange 54 is provided on the back surface of the edge portion 43a so as to be fixed to the edge portion 43a with a plurality of nails 57. As a result, the ventilation member 51 is arranged on the side surface of the trunk 22 along the longitudinal direction of the trunk 22. As shown in FIG. 5, the ventilation lateral grooves 52 of the ventilation member 51 communicate with the longitudinal grooves 22a so as to have a substantially orthogonal relationship with the longitudinal grooves 22a of the body insertion 22. Therefore, the ventilation lateral groove 52 and the in-wall ventilation path 17 communicate with each other.

  The ventilation member 51 may be struck against the side surface of the barrel 22 by a nail passing through the flanges 53, 54, etc., instead of being fixed to the face members 33, 43 as described above. Further, the edge portions 33a and 43a of the face members 33 and 43 are overlapped on the flanges 53 and 54 of the ventilation member 51 fixed along the side surface of the barrel 22 in this way, and the side of the barrel 22 is passed by a nail passing therethrough. The edges 33a and 43a may be hit.

  The closing element 55 is attached to at least the inner surface of the inner surface and the outer surface of the ventilation lateral groove 52. The closing element 55 has an elongated shape such as a tape shape or a string shape, and is provided by pasting or the like continuously over substantially the entire longitudinal direction of the ventilation lateral groove 52. The closing element 55 maintains a state in which the ventilation of the wall passage 17 (specifically, the passage through the longitudinal groove 22a) is allowed at a predetermined temperature or lower, and the ventilation of the wall ventilation passage 17 at a temperature exceeding the predetermined temperature ( Specifically, it expands and expands so as to block air flow through the longitudinal groove 22a, and in this embodiment, an unfoamed fireproof foaming agent is used.

  Examples of the foaming agent include a heat-resistant resin composition containing a carbonizing component, a carbonization accelerator, a foaming main agent, and a binder, and a plasticizer added as necessary, and a filler. A carbonization component is a main component which produces | generates carbon. The carbonization accelerator is a component that promotes carbonization of the carbonized component. The foaming main agent is a main component responsible for foam expansion. The binder improves the physical properties of the heat resistant resin composition by combining the above materials. The plasticizer has a function of imparting flexibility to the heat-resistant resin composition to increase the moldability of the coating film, and the filler has a function of increasing the nonflammability of the heat-resistant resin composition and increasing the cell density. Have

  The closing element 55 made of an unfoamed fire-resistant foaming agent has the performance of foaming and expanding at a predetermined temperature lower than the heat-resistant temperature of the wood constituting the support material and completing the foaming expansion. The temperature at which the expansion of the foam starts is, for example, 60 ° C. to 250 ° C., preferably 200 ° C. to 250 ° C. When the temperature exceeds this temperature, the expansion of the foam is completed. Is substantially cut off. As the foaming agent constituting the closing element 55, in addition to the above-mentioned examples, a general commercial product that burns with heat and swells and becomes solid in this swelled state can be used.

  As shown in FIG. 6, at the corners formed by the adjacent wall portions of the wall body 11, the end portions of the ventilation members 51 extending in the horizontal direction along the wall portions communicate with each other through the ventilation lateral grooves 52. Are joined. For this joining, for example, the end of the ventilation member 51 is joined to a so-called frame, but the joining method is not limited to this. Note that FIG. 6 shows the case of an exit corner, but the same applies to the case of an entrance corner. Further, reference numeral 58 in FIG. 6 denotes a corner pillar that supports the end of the barrel 22.

  On the outer surface of the heat insulating layer 15, a plurality of vertical trunk edges 59 (see FIGS. 4 and 6) extending continuously in the vertical direction are arranged along the outer periphery of the house 1 at a predetermined interval. The outer surface of the heat insulation layer 15 is covered with an exterior material 14 made of a material having fireproof and fireproof performance. The exterior material 14 is struck by a gold nail (not shown) on each longitudinal body edge 59. The outer ventilation path 16 is formed between the exterior member 14 and the heat insulating layer 15 attached in this manner. The wall body 11 includes the exterior material 14, the heat insulating layer 15, the outer air passage 16, the wall air passage 17, the face materials 33 and 43 inside the heat insulating layer 15, the ventilation member 51, and the vertical trunk edge 59. ing.

  The wall 11 of the house 1 having the above-described structure is placed on the side surface of the body 22 that is placed horizontally along the outer periphery of the house 1 and receives a weight such as a floor, and the structural surface material inside the heat insulating layer 15. 33 and 43 are provided, and a plurality of vertical ventilation grooves 22a made of notches are provided on the side surfaces, and the lower ventilation path portion 31 and upper ventilation of the wall ventilation path 17 are provided by the vertical grooves 22a. The road portion 41 is in communication. Furthermore, the wall body 11 arranges the ventilation member 51 provided by closing the space between the upper and lower face members 33 and 43 along the side surface of the trunk 22 and crosses the ventilation lateral groove 52 with each vertical groove 22a. And a ventilation structure communicated therewith. Therefore, ventilation in the wall inside the heat insulating layer 15 is possible by such a ventilation structure.

  That is, in the summer, the house 1 is used by opening the under-floor damper 4 and opening the exhaust damper 18c of the forced ventilation device 18 to operate the ventilation fan 18b. Thereby, while heat insulation is performed by the heat insulation layer 15 disposed inside the outer shell, the outer ventilation by the outer ventilation passage 16 outside the heat insulation layer 15 and the inner ventilation by the wall ventilation passage 17 inside the heat insulation layer 15. Is done.

  Outdoor air taken in from the opening at the lower end 16a of the outer ventilation passage 16 is raised by the outside ventilation by the natural ventilation, rises up the outer ventilation passage 16, and is discharged to the outside from the exhaust portion 19 of the roof 12. This outside ventilation exhausts heat and exhausts moisture in the outer wall of the house 1.

  On the other hand, the air sucked into the underfloor space 2a from the underfloor ventilation port 3 by the ventilation force of the forced ventilator 18 is mixed with the air cooled in the underfloor space 2a, and then the downstairs ventilation of the wall ventilation passage 17 is used. After being sucked into the road portion 31 and rising, after being sucked into the upper airflow passage portion 41 from the lower airflow passage portion 31 through the longitudinal groove 22a of the trunk 22 and then sucked into the cabin space 13 from here. The air is exhausted to the outside through the forced ventilation device 18. As a result, the heat and moisture gathered in the shed space 13 through the wall ventilation path 17 are released to the outside, and the temperature rise of the living rooms 5 and 6 is suppressed. Comfort can be secured.

  The house 1 is used in winter when the underfloor damper 4 is closed and the exhaust damper 18c of the forced ventilation device 18 is closed to stop the operation of the ventilation fan 18b. Thus, while heat insulation is performed with the heat insulation layer 15 disposed inside the outer shell, the outside ventilation by the outer ventilation path 16 outside the heat insulation layer 15 and the ventilation by natural circulation inside the heat insulation layer 15 are performed. . The ventilation by the natural circulation inside the heat insulating layer 15 rises by heating the air inside the heat insulating layer 15 on the side receiving solar radiation, and the air inside the heat insulating layer 15 is cold on the shade side. The warm air inside the heat insulating layer 15 is not exhausted to the outside. As a result, the living rooms 5 and 6 are placed in a warm environment, and it is possible to ensure good comfort and comfort in winter.

  By the way, in the illustration of FIG. 5, the window base 24a of the window 24 attached to the wall 11 is disposed on a part of the upper surface of the trunk 22 and closes the vertical groove 22a at the arrangement position. The air in the middle region E is blocked from flowing upward. However, the vertical groove 22a closed by the window base 24a and the other vertical grooves 22a communicate with each other via a ventilation horizontal groove 52 that extends continuously in the horizontal direction and intersects each vertical groove 22a. For this reason, the air of the area | region E can be distribute | circulated to the other area | regions F and G which do not have the window 24 through the ventilation path shown by the dotted-line arrow in FIG.

  As a result, at the construction site or the like, the notch that connects the region E and the adjacent regions H and I is carved into the studs 23 only, or the diagonal notch that communicates the region E and the regions F and G. This eliminates the troublesome labor of carving into the barrel 22 with only the above, and does not bring about a decrease in the strength of the casing made up of the barrel 22 and the studs 23 due to the above-mentioned indentation. Furthermore, since the ventilation member 51 is used, a groove corresponding to the ventilation lateral groove 52 does not need to be cut into the body 22, so that the strength of the housing is not lowered in this respect as well.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 6, since the ventilation lateral grooves 52 of the adjacent ventilation members 51 are continuous with each other in the corner portion where the corner column 58 of the wall body 11 is installed, the protruding corner portion and the entering corner portion are horizontally arranged. Ventilation is possible. As a result, the blocked ventilation can be guided to the wall part adjacent to the wall part where the ventilation blocker is located, and the ventilation in the wall can be performed through the wall part. it can.

  Therefore, although the ventilation barrier such as the window 24 is provided on the wall body 11, the ventilation is not interrupted by the ventilation barrier, and the underfloor space 2 a and the attic space 13 inside the heat insulating layer 15 are prevented. As a result, it is possible to ensure good amenity and comfort of the house 1.

  Further, as described above, when a conventional frame structure house 1 that allows ventilation in the wall inside the heat insulating layer 15 encounters a fire and a flame in the outdoor or living room enters the wall body 11 by any chance. Although the flame is going to rise through the ventilation passage 17 in the wall, the fire spread can be suppressed by the flame shielding action described below.

  That is, the ventilation member 51 having the ventilation lateral groove 52 that forms the ventilation structure together with the vertical groove 22a of the body insert 22 and the closing element 55 provided on the ventilation member 51 are set to a predetermined temperature by the penetration of the flame into the wall ventilation path 17. If it becomes above, the obstruction | occlusion element 55 will expand-swell in connection with it. As a result, the foamed and expanded blocking element 55 quickly fills the ventilation lateral grooves 52 and the longitudinal grooves 22a, and the ventilation structure is blocked. Therefore, the ventilation through the intramural ventilation path 17 is interrupted around the waistline 22, Fire spread through the wall 11 can be suppressed.

  FIG. 7A shows a state in which the closing element 55 is expanded and expanded in the event that a fire on the living room side (flame due to an internal fire) has entered the ventilation passage 17 in the wall. FIG. 7B shows that when the closing element 55 continuously extending along the longitudinal direction of the ventilation lateral groove 52 is attached not only to the inner surface of the ventilation lateral groove 52 but also to the outer surface, The foamed and expanded state is shown. That is, when the heat insulating layer 15 which is the heat insulating layer of the wall 11 is a plastic heat insulating material such as expanded polystyrene, for example, the heat insulating layer portion on the lower floor side is melted by the high heat of the flame that has entered the lower air passage portion 31. Thus, the closing elements 55 provided on both the inner and outer surfaces of the ventilation member 51 expand and expand above a predetermined temperature. As a result, the inner closing element 55 blocks the ventilation and flame of the wall ventilation passage 17 as described above, and the outer closing element 55 expands so as to be in contact with the back surface of the outer covering material 14. Ventilation and flame passing between 14 and the ventilation member 51 are blocked.

  In the case of the flame insulation shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B, the closure element 55 is provided along with the ventilation member 51 so as to extend continuously along the outer periphery of the house 1 in the horizontal direction. Since the continuous flame-shielding line by 55 foaming expansion is obtained, it is preferable when preventing the spread of fire to the upper part of the house 1.

  Moreover, the closing element 55 responsible for blocking the ventilation and the flame in the in-wall ventilation path 17 is attached to the back wall of the ventilation lateral groove 52 and is parallel to each other connecting the back wall and the flanges 53 and 54. The expansion direction of the closure element 55 at the time of foaming is restricted to the body insertion 22 direction by the upper and lower wall portions. As a result, the closing element 55 is not foamed and expanded in the desired direction, and the expanded closing element 55 can be efficiently and quickly filled into the ventilation lateral groove 52 in accordance with the controlled expansion direction. The vertical grooves 22a orthogonal to the ventilation lateral grooves 52 can be filled efficiently and quickly. Therefore, the ventilation structure around the barrel 22 is surely cut off, and the amount of the closing element 55 used for that purpose is small.

  The ventilation member 51 that supports the blocking element 55 responsible for blocking the ventilation and the flame is a non-combustible material. Therefore, the ventilation member 51 reliably supports the blocking element 55 without being burned off due to a fire. Can hold the flame shield line. Furthermore, the ventilation member 51 is made of metal among non-combustible materials, and since the temperature rise at the time of fire is quicker than that of wood, it is effective for foaming and expanding the closing element 55 at an early stage.

  Furthermore, since the closure element 55 is attached to the metal ventilation member 51, the adhesion performance of the closure element 55 is superior to the case where the closure element 55 is attached to wood, and even over decades. The closure element 55 can be securely held at a predetermined position.

  In addition, since the closing element 55 is supported in the ventilation lateral groove 52 recessed to the outdoor side of the ventilation member 51, the ventilation cross-sectional area of the vertical groove 22 a that carries the ventilation of the in-wall ventilation path 17 around the trunk 22 is set as the blocking element. 55 is preferable in that it does not decrease and there is no decrease in the ventilation flow rate in the vertical direction. In addition, in order to interrupt ventilation and a flame with the vertical groove 22a, it is also possible to stick the closure element 55 to the vertical groove 22a. However, in this case, the longitudinal groove 22a must be deeply cut to ensure a predetermined ventilation cross-sectional area, which is not preferable in terms of the strength of the barrel 22, and when the deep cutting is not performed, the blocking element 55 causes the vertical groove 22a to be longitudinally cut. This is not preferable because the ventilation cross-sectional area of the groove 22a is reduced.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 9, the closing element 55 is sandwiched between the back surfaces of the edges 33a and 43a of the face members 33 and 43 and the side surface of the trunk 22 and the closing element 55 is foamed into the longitudinal groove 22a in the event of a fire. By filling, it is possible to block the ventilation and flame around the barrel 22. However, in this case, the edge portions 33a and 43a cause unevenness in which the edge portions 33a and 43a protrude to the outdoor side according to the thickness of the closing element 55, which is not preferable in terms of accommodation. However, as described above, according to the configuration in which the closing element 55 is provided in the ventilation lateral groove 52 under the condition that the dimensional relationship between A and B shown in FIG. 3 is A ≦ B, as shown in FIG. It does not cause unevenness and is preferable in terms of fit.

  In addition, since the non-combustible material ventilation member 51 blocks the joint between the edge portions 33a and 43a of the face members 33 and 43 from the back side, the ventilation member 51 can function as a joint stop member. For this reason, when a flame of an outdoor fire (external fire) reaches the joint, the ventilation member 51 can prevent the flame from entering the in-wall passage 17. Further, since the flanges 53 and 54 of the ventilation member 51 made of non-combustible material cover the joint from the indoor side, even if an internal fire enters the vertical groove 22a of the wall ventilation path 17, the ventilation path 17 from the wall ventilation path 17 can be used. A flame can be prevented from spreading outside through the joint.

  As an effective measure when a flame such as an external fire reaches the ventilation member 51 as described above, the blocking element 55 is disposed outside the ventilation lateral groove 52 and facing the outer ventilation path 16 as shown in FIG. B) It is good to provide like (C). In FIG. 8A, the protruding width A of the ventilation lateral groove 52 is made smaller than the thickness B of the face members 33 and 43, and a closing element 55 is attached to the outer surface of the rear wall of the ventilation lateral groove 52. The example which did not narrow the ventilation path 16 is shown. In FIG. 8B, the back wall of the ventilation lateral groove 52 is bent into a V-shaped cross section so as to protrude toward the inner surface side, and a closing element 55 is attached to the outer surface of the back wall. An example in which the road 16 is not narrowed is shown. FIG. 8C shows a wall portion 52a between at least one flange of the ventilation lateral groove 52, for example, the flange 53 and the back wall, and a surface material, for example, a surface material 43 in the vicinity thereof, under the dimensional relationship of A ≦ B. This is an example in which the closing element 55 is sandwiched between the edge portion 43a of the two. In any of the examples, the foam element inside the ventilation lateral groove 52 is not shown. In these examples, when a flame such as an external fire reaches the ventilation member 51, the outer closing element 55 can be expanded and expanded, so that the flame at the joint between the face materials 33 and 43 can be prevented. Intrusion can be prevented more reliably.

  As described above, the house 1 of the present embodiment has the downstairs airway portion 31 and the upstairs airway portion 41 by the ventilation structure formed by the side surface of the trunk 22 and the ventilation member 51 provided along the side. By communicating, it is possible to ensure ventilation in the wall ventilation passage 17 inside the heat insulating layer 15 regardless of the ventilation blockage such as the window 24. In the event of a fire, the foaming and expansion of the closing element 55 supported by the ventilation member 51 can block the ventilation and flame passing through the ventilation structure, and the joint treatment between the face members 33 and 43 inside the heat insulating layer 15 is performed. By serving as the non-flammable ventilation member 51, it is possible to shield the flame through the joints, so that it is possible to suppress the spread of fire to the upper side of the house 1.

  The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. For example, in each of the embodiments described above, the ventilation structure formed by the trunk member (horizontal member) and the ventilation member disposed at the intermediate position in the height direction of the wall ventilation path in the ventilation path extending between the underfloor space and the attic space. The wall vent paths adjacent to each other in the vertical direction of the wall vent path are communicated with each other. However, in the present invention, the lower end in the height direction of the wall vent path is communicated with the wall vent path to communicate with the underfloor space. It is also possible to carry out by arranging the ventilation structure in the wall, and in order to connect the ventilation path in the wall and the space behind the shed, the ventilation structure is arranged at the upper end in the height direction of the ventilation path in the wall. It is also possible to implement. Therefore, there may be a case where the ventilation member has only one flange.

  The present invention is also applicable to a building such as a house that does not have an outer air passage and has a wall air passage formed inside a heat insulating layer for heat insulation of the wall.

The schematic sectional drawing which shows the house provided with the wall body which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a case where the house shown in FIG. The perspective view which shows the surroundings of the ventilation member with which the wall of the house of FIG. 1 was equipped. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the body insertion along the line F4-F4 in FIG. 2; The figure which illustrates the ventilation path | route about the wall body with a window in the house of FIG. Sectional drawing which shows the corner part of the house of FIG. (A) And (B) is sectional drawing equivalent to FIG. 2 which showed the example of foaming from which each closure element differs. (A), (B), and (C) are cross-sectional views showing different attachment examples of the closing element to the outer surface of the ventilation member shown in FIG. Sectional drawing of the periphery of a trunk showing the example which pinched | interposed the obstruction | occlusion element between the face material and the trunk.

Explanation of symbols

1 ... Housing (building)
2a ... Under-floor space 3 ... Under-floor ventilation port 11 ... Wall body 13 ... Hut space 15 ... Insulation layer 17 ... In-wall ventilation path 18 ... Forced ventilation device (ventilation section)
21 ... pillar 22 ... torso (horizontal material)
22a ... Vertical groove of the torso 22b ... Convex part of the torso 24 ... Window (vent block)
31 ... Downstairs airway part of wall ventilation path 32 ... Gypsum board 33 ... Face material 33a ... Edge of face material 41 ... Upper floor airway part of wall ventilation path 42 ... Gypsum board 43 ... Face material 43a ... Surface Edge of material 51 ... Ventilation member 52 ... Ventilation lateral groove of ventilation member 53, 54 ... Flange of ventilation member

Claims (8)

  A ventilation member provided in a wall body provided with a wall ventilation path extending between an under-floor space and a shed space, which is recessed to the outdoor side and extends continuously in the horizontal direction and communicates with the wall ventilation path. A wall ventilation member having a transverse groove.   A ventilation member that is continuously arranged in the vertical direction with respect to the face material covered on the outdoor side of the ventilation path between the underfloor space and the attic space, and is recessed in the outdoor side and horizontally A wall ventilation member comprising: a ventilation lateral groove that extends continuously to the wall ventilation path, and a flange that is continuous with the lateral groove and that overlaps the rear surface of the edge of the face material.   The wall ventilation member according to claim 2, wherein the wall ventilation member is made of a non-combustible material.   A closing element that expands and expands so as to keep the ventilation of the wall ventilation path below a predetermined temperature and to block the ventilation of the wall ventilation path at a temperature exceeding the predetermined temperature is provided on the inner and outer surfaces of the ventilation lateral groove. The wall ventilation member according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the wall ventilation member is provided on at least an inner surface. In the wall body of the building having a wall ventilation passage communicating the underfloor space and the attic space inside the heat insulation layer, and the inner surface of the heat insulation layer is covered with a face material,
A horizontal member placed in a horizontal direction along the outer periphery of the building and having a longitudinal groove for ventilation between the underfloor space and the attic space on the side surface;
A ventilation member that has a ventilation lateral groove that communicates with the longitudinal groove in a crossing relationship and extends in the horizontal direction, and is disposed along the longitudinal direction of the horizontal member on the side surface of the horizontal member;
The wall of the building characterized by comprising.   A building wall, wherein the ventilation member according to any one of claims 2 to 4 is used as the ventilation member.   The building wall according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the ventilation member formed by the adjacent wall portion forming a corner portion is joined to the corner portion with a ventilation lateral groove communicating with each other.   A building comprising the wall according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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