JP2005256348A - Method for lining tunnel, bag body for tunnel lining and its tunnel lining structure - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a lining technique for a tunnel capable of simply lining the tunnel, preventing a displacement in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel of a tunnel supporter as a timbering arranged along the internal surface of the tunnel and capable of stably supporting the interior wall of the tunnel. <P>SOLUTION: Band-shaped bag bodies 10 having a predetermined length are arranged along the internal surface of the tunnel T while a pressure fluid is injected into the bag bodies 10 and brought into close contact with the internal surface of the tunnel T. The pressure fluid is discharged from the bag bodies 10, maintaining the internal pressure of the bag bodies 10, and a fluid solidifying material 11 is injected into the bag bodies 10. The bag bodies 10, in which the solidifying material 11 is injected, are brought into close contact with surely on the internal surface of the tunnel T by solidifying the solidifying material 11 in the bag bodies 10, and the tunnel T is supported stably. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a technique for lining an inner surface of a tunnel used for various applications such as railways, roads, and waterways.

  Conventionally, as a method of lining the inner surface of a tunnel used for various applications such as railways, roads, and waterways, various methods according to natural grounds, tunnel diameters, and the like have been proposed. That is, when the natural ground is soft, a high strength steel segment or the like is often assembled inside the tunnel to cover the inner surface of the tunnel. On the other hand, in a relatively small-diameter mountain tunnel or the like excavated by a TBM (tunnel excavator), a high strength member such as a steel segment is often unnecessary because the ground is strong. In such a case, for example, as shown in FIG. 25, a plurality of steel rings 102 are assembled at intervals in the tunnel T excavated by the TBM 100, and the steel rings 102 and the natural ground are interposed. It is widely practiced to insert the sheet pile 103 to cover the inner surface of the tunnel T.

  In addition, the strength is slightly insufficient without a support work, but when the strength as high as the structure made of the steel ring 102 and the sheet pile 103 as shown in FIG. 25 is not required, a water-permeable hose or tube is attached to the inner surface of the tunnel. A simple tunnel lining method is provided in which a solidified material having fluidity such as mortar is injected into a tube or the like, and then the solidified material is solidified to support the tunnel inner wall. It has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 and 2). Furthermore, with a water-permeable bag placed in the tunnel and supported by a steel inner mold, etc., concrete or the like is poured into the bag to form a lining body. A method of lining the inner surface has also been proposed (see, for example, Patent Documents 3 and 4).

JP 2002-38890 A JP 59-228597 A Japanese Patent No. 2784511 Japanese Patent No. 2784512

  The tubes and hoses used in the tunnel lining methods described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 generally have a certain degree of shape retention. Therefore, the change in the cross-sectional shape of the tube or the like when the solidifying material is injected into such a tube or the like is small, and the cross-sectional shape is maintained in a substantially circular shape. The contact area with the inner surface is reduced. Accordingly, the adhesion between the tube and the inner surface of the tunnel is poor, and the tube or the like may be displaced in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel due to deformation of the natural ground. In addition, especially when the ground is solid, when tubes are arranged with a large space in order to reduce the number of tubes, once the tubes etc. are displaced in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, It is difficult to stably support the inner wall of the tunnel.

  In the tunnel lining method described in Patent Documents 3 and 4, a rigid formwork or the like is required for supporting the lining body packed with concrete along the inner surface of the tunnel. Since it takes time to assemble and disassemble such a formwork, the workability is poor.

  The object of the present invention is to easily cover the tunnel, and further prevent the tunnel support as a support arranged along the inner surface of the tunnel from shifting in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, thereby stabilizing the inner wall of the tunnel. It is to provide tunnel lining technology that can be supported.

Means for Solving the Problems and Effects of the Invention

  The tunnel lining method according to the first aspect of the present invention is to arrange a belt-like bag body having a predetermined length along the inner surface of the tunnel and to inject the pressurized fluid into the bag body so as to adhere the bag body to the inner surface of the tunnel. A first step, a second step of discharging the pressurized fluid from the bag body and injecting a fluid solidifying material into the bag body while maintaining the internal pressure of the bag body, and the fluid solidifying material in the bag body And a third step of solidifying the material.

  In this tunnel lining method, first, in a first step, a belt-like bag having a predetermined length is arranged along the inner surface of the tunnel substantially parallel to the circumferential direction of the tunnel. The bag body is preferably made of a material that does not have a shape-retaining property such as a woven fabric, and the cross-sectional shape is freely changed by an internal pressure and an external pressure acting on the bag body. Here, as an example of installation of the bag body in the tunnel, the length of the bag body is substantially equal to the circumferential length of the inner surface of the tunnel and the bag body is arranged in a ring shape, or longer than the circumferential length. Then, it can be arranged in a spiral shape, or it can be arranged in an arc shape slightly shorter than the circumferential length. That is, the length of the bag body or the installation interval of the plurality of bag bodies can be appropriately set according to the required strength depending on conditions such as the natural ground and the tunnel diameter. Further, by injecting a pressurized fluid such as air or pressurized water into the bag body, the bag body is inflated in the tunnel radial direction to have self-supporting property, thereby closely contacting the bag body with the inner surface of the tunnel.

  Next, in the second step, while maintaining the internal pressure in the bag body, the pressurized fluid is discharged from the bag body and a fluidized solid material is injected into the bag body. Therefore, the fluidized solidifying material can be injected into the bag body while maintaining the state where the bag body is in close contact with the inner surface of the tunnel. As the fluidized solidifying material, for example, various solidifying materials such as cement-based solidified material such as cement milk, mortar or concrete, and synthetic resin-based solidified material such as thermosetting resin can be used. Here, in a state in which the fluidized solid material is injected into the belt-shaped bag body, the bag body has a shape that is long in the width direction with respect to the thickness direction, and is in close contact with the inner surface of the tunnel. And finally, in a 3rd process, the fluid solidification material inside a bag body is solidified in the state which the bag body contact | adhered to the tunnel inner surface.

  Thus, the inner surface of the tunnel can be easily covered by disposing the belt-shaped bag body along the inner surface of the tunnel and injecting the fluidized solidifying material into the bag body for solidification. In addition, by injecting pressurized fluid into the bag body and maintaining the internal pressure, fluid solidifying material is injected into the bag body while maintaining a state in which the bag body has a certain degree of independence and is in close contact with the inner surface of the tunnel. Therefore, it is not necessary to support the bag body with a support body having a solid structure such as a steel support, and it is possible to improve the workability by reducing the man-hours required for assembling and dismantling the formwork and the like. it can. Further, the bag body has a wide band shape, and when the fluidized solidifying material is injected into a plurality of band bag bodies arranged in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, the bag body has a shape that is long in the width direction with respect to the thickness direction. Therefore, the contact area between the bag body and the inner surface of the tunnel is increased, the bag body is securely adhered to the inner surface of the tunnel, and the inner wall of the tunnel is stably supported by the plurality of bag bodies injected with the fluidized solidifying material. Moreover, each bag body becomes difficult to shift in the tunnel longitudinal direction. Therefore, even when a plurality of bags are installed with a large interval, the bags are not easily displaced or collapsed in the tunnel longitudinal direction.

  According to the tunnel lining method of the second invention, a flexible shape holding material is disposed in a belt-shaped bag body having a predetermined length, and the bag body is disposed along the inner surface of the tunnel. And a second step of bringing the bag into close contact with the inner surface of the tunnel while injecting a fluid solidifying material into the bag, and a third step of solidifying the fluid solidifying material in the bag. Is.

  In this tunnel lining method, first, in the first step, the bag body is disposed along the inner surface of the tunnel in a state where a flexible shape holding material is disposed in the belt-shaped bag body. Next, in the second step, a fluidized solid material is injected into the bag body, the bag body is expanded in the tunnel radial direction, and the bag body is brought into close contact with the inner surface of the tunnel. And finally, in a 3rd process, the fluid solidification material inside a bag body is solidified in the state which the bag body contact | adhered to the tunnel inner surface. Accordingly, the fluidized solidifying material can be injected into the bag body in a state in which the bag body is supported along the inner surface of the tunnel by a simple shape-retaining material without using a rigid formwork or the like. The man-hour required for dismantling can be reduced and the workability can be improved. This shape-retaining material has a certain degree of rigidity in the radial direction of the tunnel so that it does not easily collapse or buckle due to its weight when a fluidized solidifying material is injected into the bag. Is preferred.

  A tunnel lining method according to a third aspect of the present invention is a belt-like bag body having a predetermined length, wherein the back surface portion and the inner surface portion are joined in the length direction of the bag body. A first step of arranging a bag body having a plurality of partition portions formed in parallel with each other and a plurality of solidifying material injection portions extending in the length direction by being partitioned by the plurality of partition portions along the tunnel inner surface; A second step of injecting the flowable solidifying material into the plurality of solidifying material injecting portions, and bringing the back surface portion of the bag into close contact with the inner surface of the tunnel, and solidifying the flowable solidifying material in the solidifying material injecting portion. And a third step.

  In this tunnel lining method, the fluidized solidified material injected and cured in the solidified material injecting portion is restrained, and even when a bending load acts on the bag body, the fluidized solidified material cured inside is sealed. Since the deformation can be suppressed as much as possible, the proof stress of the tunnel support composed of the bag body and the solidified material inside thereof is increased. Furthermore, in a conventional ring-shaped tube or the like (for example, see Patent Document 2), it is necessary to carry the tubes or the like one by one into the tunnel, whereas a bag having such a plurality of solidifying material injection portions. In the body, since a plurality of solidifying material injection portions can be arranged in the tunnel at a time, the carrying-in operation is facilitated.

  A tunnel lining method according to a fourth invention is characterized in that, in the third invention, the bag body has a communication portion that extends in a width direction of the bag body and communicates with each of the plurality of solidifying material injection portions. To do. Accordingly, it is possible to fill all the solidified material injection portions at once via the communication portion, and the injection work can be performed efficiently. Moreover, this communication part is extended in the width direction of a bag body substantially parallel to the tunnel longitudinal direction. Therefore, in a state where the fluidized solid material injected into the communication portion is solidified, a plurality of ring-shaped solid material injection portions are supported in the tunnel longitudinal direction by the communication portion. Therefore, even when the natural ground is deformed, the plurality of ring-shaped solidified material injection portions can be prevented from being deformed like a shogi in the tunnel longitudinal direction. Furthermore, the load of the natural ground of the part which the solidification material injection | pouring part is not closely_contact | adhering can be distributed and acted on each solidification material injection | pouring part via a communicating part.

  A tunnel lining method according to a fifth aspect of the present invention is the tunnel covering method according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, wherein the bag body into which the fluidized solidifying material is injected has a cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the length direction in the width direction. It is characterized by being in close contact with the inner surface of the tunnel in a flat state. In this way, the bag body into which the fluidized solidifying material is injected closely contacts the inner surface of the tunnel in a flat state in the width direction, so that the inner wall of the tunnel is stably supported by the bag body.

  A tunnel lining method according to a sixth aspect of the present invention is the tunnel covering method according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, wherein the length of the bag body is substantially equal to the circumferential length of the inner surface of the tunnel. Is arranged in a ring shape along the inner surface of the tunnel. Therefore, the inner wall of the tunnel can be reliably supported by the ring-shaped bags arranged in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel.

  The tunnel lining method of the seventh invention is characterized in that, in the sixth invention, the bag body is formed in a ring shape by joining or butting both ends of the bag body in the tunnel. . Various cables and devices such as TBM power supply cables are often present inside the tunnel during excavation, but these cables must be arranged inside the bag body along the inner surface of the tunnel. Therefore, if the bag body is carried into the tunnel and then both end portions of the bag body are joined or abutted inside the tunnel, the cable is placed inside the bag body and then the bag is ringed. It can be easily formed along the inner surface of the tunnel.

  In the tunnel lining method according to an eighth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first to fifth aspects of the invention, the length of the bag is longer than the circumferential length of the inner surface of the tunnel. Are arranged in a spiral shape along the inner surface of the tunnel. Therefore, the inner wall of the tunnel can be reliably supported by the bag body arranged in a spiral shape.

  A tunnel lining method according to a ninth invention is characterized in that, in any one of the first to eighth inventions, the bag is a seamless tubular woven fabric. Therefore, the tensile strength of the bag body is increased, and it is possible to prevent the bag body from being broken and flowing out of the solidified material when the fluidized solidifying material is injected into the bag body. Moreover, since the surface of the internal solidification material is reinforced by the fabric having high tensile strength, the tunnel inner wall can be reliably supported by the high-strength tunnel support composed of the bag and the internal solidification material. Furthermore, by making the bag body a woven fabric that does not have shape retention, the bag body is likely to spread in the width direction when a fluidized solidifying material is injected into the bag body and brought into close contact with the tunnel inner surface. The contact area between the body and the tunnel inner surface can be increased.

  In the tunnel lining method according to a tenth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first to ninth aspects, the amount of yarn in the length direction of the bag body is ½ or more of the amount of yarn in the width direction. It is characterized by. For tubes and hoses that are conventionally used for tunnel lining and into which a fluidized solidifying material such as mortar is injected, the tensile strength in the radial direction of the tube or the like is ensured in order to ensure pressure resistance during the injection of the solidifying material. Is often 2: 1 in the length direction. However, in the present invention, by setting the amount of yarn in the length direction of the bag body to ½ or more of the amount of yarn in the width direction, the tensile strength in the length direction of the bag body increases, The strength of the tunnel support made of the solidified material can be further increased.

  In the tunnel lining method according to an eleventh aspect of the invention, in any one of the first to tenth aspects of the invention, the bag body is not in close contact with the tunnel inner surface in the longitudinal direction of the back surface portion that is in close contact with the tunnel inner surface. It is characterized by being higher in elongation in the length direction of the inner surface portion. For example, when the bag body is arranged in a ring shape along the inner surface of the tunnel, the circumferential length of the inner surface portion is originally π × D, while the circumferential length of the rear surface portion is π × (D + 2d). (D: the inner diameter of the bag body, d: the thickness of the bag body, see FIG. 15 in the embodiment), if the dimensions in the length direction of the back portion and the inner surface portion of the actual bag body are the same, A bend (kink) will arise in an inner surface part (refer to Drawing 16 in an embodiment). However, by making the elongation in the length direction of the back surface portion higher than that of the inner surface portion and setting the dimensions of the bag body on the basis of the circumferential length of the inner surface portion when the bag body is placed in the tunnel, Since the back surface portion extends more than the inner surface portion when the fluidized solidifying material is injected, it is possible to prevent kinks from occurring on the inner surface portion.

  The tunnel lining method according to a twelfth aspect of the present invention is the tunnel covering method according to any one of the first to eleventh aspects, wherein, in the first step, the bag body is mounted on an outer surface portion of a support bag filled with fluid. Then, the bag body and the support bag are carried into the tunnel, and the bag body is supported from the inside by the support bag. In the second step, the fluid solidifying material is injected into the bag body and the bag body is brought into close contact with the inner surface of the tunnel. It is characterized by making it.

  In the first step, since the bag body is attached to the support bag and the bag body and the support bag can be carried into the tunnel at one time, the carrying-in operation is easy. Further, in the second step, the fluidized solidifying material is injected into the bag body while the bag body is supported from the inside by the support bag, so that the bag body is tunneled by the support bag until the fluidized solidifying material is solidified. A state of being in close contact with the inner surface can be maintained. Furthermore, since the inner surface portion of the bag body is pressed by the support bag, it is possible to prevent the inner surface portion of the bag body from bulging inward when the fluidized solidifying material is injected into the bag body.

  The tunnel lining bag of the thirteenth invention is a band-shaped bag having a predetermined length and arranged along the inner surface of the tunnel, and when the fluidized solidifying material is injected therein, The inner wall of the tunnel is supported in close contact with the inner surface of the tunnel in a state where the cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the length direction is flat in the width direction. Thus, when the fluidized solidifying material is injected into the bag body, the cross-sectional shape of the bag body is flat in the width direction, so that the bag body is in close contact with the inner surface of the tunnel.

  According to a fourteenth aspect of the present invention, in the thirteenth aspect of the invention, in the thirteenth aspect, the elongation in the length direction of the back surface portion that is in close contact with the inner surface of the tunnel has It is characterized by being higher than the degree. Since the operation and effect when lining a tunnel using this bag body are the same as those of the eleventh invention, the description thereof is omitted.

  In the thirteenth or fourteenth invention, the tunnel lining bag of the fifteenth invention is characterized in that the yarn amount in the length direction is 1/2 or more of the yarn amount in the width direction. is there. Since the operation and effect when lining a tunnel using this bag body are the same as those in the tenth invention, the description thereof is omitted.

  According to a sixteenth aspect of the present invention, in the tunnel lining bag according to any one of the thirteenth to fifteenth aspects, the back surface portion that is in close contact with the inner surface of the tunnel and the inner surface portion that is not in close contact are joined in the length direction of the bag body. A plurality of partition portions formed in parallel to the length direction, and a plurality of solidification portions that are partitioned by the plurality of partition portions and extend in the length direction and into which the fluidized solidification material is injected. It has a material injection | pouring part, It is characterized by the above-mentioned. Since the operation and effect when lining a tunnel using this bag body are the same as those of the third invention, the description thereof is omitted.

  According to a seventeenth aspect of the present invention, in the sixteenth aspect of the present invention, the bag body for tunnel lining has a communicating portion that extends in the width direction and communicates with the plurality of solidifying material injecting portions. Since the operation and effect of lining the tunnel using this bag body are the same as those of the fourth invention, the description thereof is omitted.

  A tunnel lining structure according to an eighteenth aspect of the present invention includes a plurality of belt-shaped bag bodies each having a predetermined length, arranged along the tunnel inner surface and arranged side by side in the tunnel longitudinal direction, and the plurality of bag bodies. The plurality of bags are in close contact with the inner surface of the tunnel in a state where a cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the length direction is flat in the width direction of the bag. Is. In this tunnel lining structure, a plurality of belt-like bags injected with a fluidized solidifying material are in close contact with the inner surface of the tunnel because a plurality of belt-like bags injected with the fluidized solidifying material are spread in the width direction. Thus, the inner wall of the tunnel is securely supported. In addition, since the contact area between the plurality of bags and the inner surface of the tunnel is large, the bags are unlikely to be displaced or fall down in the tunnel longitudinal direction.

  A first embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the first embodiment, the present invention is applied to the case of lining a sewage tunnel excavated by a TBM and having a relatively small diameter (for example, a diameter of about 2000 mm). As shown in FIG. 1, the TBM 100 is advanced while rotating the cutter head 101 at the tip to excavate a natural ground for a predetermined distance, and then the inner surface of the excavated tunnel T is covered.

  In the lining process of the tunnel T, as shown in FIG. 1, a wide belt-like bag body 10 having a length substantially equal to the circumferential length of the inner surface of the tunnel T is formed in a ring shape along the inner surface of the tunnel T. In addition, the compressed air (pressurized fluid) is injected into the bag body to bring the bag body into close contact with the inner surface of the tunnel (first step), while maintaining the internal pressure of the bag body 10, the pressurized air is discharged from the bag body. While discharging, the fluid solidifying material 11 is injected into the bag body 10 (second step), and the fluid solidifying material 11 in the bag body 10 is solidified (third step). Then, by repeating the above first to third steps and arranging a plurality of bags 10 (tunnel support 20) injected with the fluidized solidifying material 11 in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel T, the inner surface of the tunnel T is arranged. Lining.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the bag 10 includes a polyester fiber warp 15 extending in the length direction (a direction in FIG. 2) and a polyester fiber weft extending in the width direction (b direction in FIG. 2). 16 is a woven fabric having a water-permeable cylindrical shape (for example, a diameter of about 700 mm), and wefts 16 are continuously woven in a spiral shape. In addition, this bag body 10 does not have a shape retention property, and can change the shape freely by applying an internal pressure and an external pressure.

  By the way, in tubes and hoses into which a fluidized solidifying material such as mortar is injected, the radial tensile strength of the tube or the like is larger than the tensile strength in the length direction in order to ensure pressure resistance during the injection of the solidifying material. Often 2: 1. However, in the first embodiment, in order that the tunnel support body 20 configured by injecting the fluidized solidifying material 11 into the bag body 10 can sufficiently withstand the load acting from the inner wall of the tunnel T, The tensile strength in the longitudinal direction of the bag 10 is increased by setting the yarn density of the warp 15 (the amount of yarn in the length direction of the bag body 10) to ½ or more of the yarn density (the amount of yarn in the width direction) of the weft 16 Yes. A specific example of such a bag 10 is as follows. The thickness of the warp 15 and the weft 16 is 1000 d / 3, the warp 15 has a yarn density of 30 / inch, the weft 16 has a yarn density of 15 / inch, and weaving. The tissue can be a plain weave, and the bag 10 can be a seamless tubular woven fabric woven by an annular loom. Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the bag body 10 is injected with pressurized air into a solidifying material inlet 18 for injecting a fluidized solidifying material 11 to be described later and an airtight bag 17 described below. In addition, air injection / discharge ports 19 for discharging pressurized air from the airtight bag 17 are provided at positions separated from each other. The number of the solidifying material inlets 18 and the air inlet / outlet ports 19 may be one each, or may be two or more.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 (a), 4 (b), an airtight bag 17 in a state where both ends of the belt-like bag body 10 are closed before the bag body 10 is placed in the tunnel. Is disposed. An air injection / discharge port 19 is connected to the airtight bag 17. When pressurized air is injected into the airtight bag 17 from the air injection / discharge port 19, the airtight bag 17 is moved to the bag body 10. It expand | swells in and the bag body 10 also swells.

  Then, as shown in FIG. 5, one or a plurality of bag bodies 10 including an airtight bag 17 are attached to the outer peripheral portion of a cylindrical support bag 12, and the bag body 10 and the support bag 12 are connected to the tunnel T. Carry in. The support bag 12 expands in the radial direction when the inside is filled with pressurized air, and supports the bag body 10 from the inside. As will be described later, the length of the bag body 10 is supported so that the bag body 10 comes into close contact with the inner surface of the tunnel T when pressurized air is injected into the airtight bag 17 in the bag body 10. It is longer than the circumferential length of the outer periphery of the bag 12. Therefore, in the state where the support bag 12 is mounted on the bag body 10, the workability is deteriorated because the extra portion of the bag body 10 is bumpy. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 5, on the outer peripheral portion of the support bag 12, a mounting portion 13 such as a hook-and-loop fastener for detachably mounting the bag body 10 on the support bag 12, and a bag body mounted on the mounting portion 13. A rubber band or the like that absorbs the extra 10 and extends in the circumferential direction following the amount of expansion when the compressed air is injected into the airtight bag 17 in the bag 10 and the bag 10 is inflated. A configured stretchable portion 14 is provided. The number of sets of the mounting portion 13 and the stretchable portion 14 is not particularly limited, but a plurality of sets are preferably provided in the longitudinal direction of the support bag 12.

  As a method for preventing the bag body 10 from bumping as described above, air that expands in a flat plate shape between the support bag 12 and the bag body 10 before the fluidized solidified material 11 is injected into the bag body 10. You may make it discharge | emit the air in an airbag according to inserting a bag and inject | pouring the fluid solidification material 11 in the bag body 10. FIG.

  Next, both ends of the bag body 10 arranged along the circumferential direction in the tunnel T are joined by sewing or the like to form the bag body 10 in a ring shape. Various types of cables and devices such as a power supply cable of the TBM 100 are often present inside the tunnel T, but these cables need to be arranged inside the bag body 10. Therefore, if both ends of the bag body 10 are joined inside the tunnel T after the bag body 10 is carried into the tunnel T, the bag body 10 is placed after the cables and the like are arranged inside the bag body 10. It becomes easy to form in a ring shape. Here, as shown in FIG. 6, both ends of the bag body 10 may be closed in advance before being carried into the tunnel T. However, as shown in FIG. May be open, and when both ends are joined in the tunnel T, the inside of the bag body 10 may be a space (injection space for the fluidized solidifying material 11) that communicates in a ring shape. In this case, since the fluidity solidifying material 11 described later injected into the bag body 10 is solidified in a ring-like state, the strength is further increased.

  In the above description, the bag body 10 is carried into the tunnel T and then both ends thereof are joined to form a ring shape. The body 10 may be carried into the tunnel T. Moreover, when using the bag body 10 in which both end portions are closed in advance, the both ends may be merely abutted without joining. Alternatively, the support bag 12 may be placed inside the bag body 10 after the bag body 10 is first arranged in a ring shape along the inner surface of the tunnel T.

  Then, as shown in FIG. 8, the bag body 10 is arranged along the inner surface of the tunnel T while the bag body 10 is supported from the inner side by the support bag 12, and the airtight bag 17 in the bag body 10 is further air-filled. Pressurized air is injected from the injection / discharge port 19 (first step). Then, the airtight bag 17 is inflated by the pressurized air, and the bag body 10 is also inflated accordingly, and the bag body 10 is provided with a certain degree of independence and is in close contact with the inner surface of the tunnel T.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 9, while maintaining the internal pressure of the bag body 10, the pressurized air in the airtight bag 17 is discharged from the air injection / discharge port 19 and the solidified material is poured into the bag body 10. The fluidized solid material 11 is injected from the inlet 18 (second step). By a valve (not shown) provided in an air hose connected to the air inlet / outlet port 19, the pressurized air in the airtight bag 17 is discharged little by little, and the pressure in the airtight bag (bag body 10) is substantially constant. The fluidized solidified material 11 is injected into the bag body 10 at a pressure equal to or slightly higher than the pressure in the airtight bag 17. Here, since the solidifying material injection port 18 and the air injection / discharge port 19 are provided at positions separated from each other in the bag body 10, the fluidized solidifying material 11 is injected into the bag body 10 from the solidifying material injection port 18. However, the pressurized air in the airtight bag 17 can be smoothly discharged from the air injection / discharge port 19. Then, as the fluid solidifying material 11 is poured into the bag body 10, the airtight bag 17 in the bag body 10 is crushed by the pressure of the fluid solidifying material 11. As the fluidized solidifying material 11, for example, a cement-based solidifying material 11 such as cement milk, mortar or concrete can be used.

  Here, since the bag body 10 is a cylindrical woven fabric and does not have shape retention, in the state where the support bag 12 is inflated while injecting the fluidized solidifying material 11, as shown in FIGS. The cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the length direction of the bag body 10 is a flat shape in the width direction (for example, a substantially rectangular cross-sectional shape having a width of about 700 mm with respect to the thickness of the bag body 10 of 65 mm). Therefore, the contact area between the bag body 10 and the inner surface of the tunnel T when the bag body 10 is in close contact with the inner surface of the tunnel T is large, and the bag body 10 is securely in close contact with the inner surface of the tunnel T. In addition, since the bag body 10 has water permeability, when the fluid solidifying material 11 is injected, the fluid solidifying material 11 in the bag body 10 is compressed between the inner surface of the tunnel T and the support bag 12, The moisture in the fluidized solidifying material 11 is discharged from the bag body 10 to the outside.

  Thereafter, after the fluidizable solidifying material 11 is solidified, the air in the support bag 12 is discharged and the support bag 12 is removed. In this way, a plurality of belt-like bags 10 arranged along the inner surface of the tunnel T and arranged side by side in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel T, and the fluidized solidified material 11 injected into the plurality of bags 10 The tunnel T lining structure in which the plurality of bag bodies 10 are in close contact with the inner surface of the tunnel T with the cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the length direction being flat in the width direction of the bag body 10 is completed.

  Next, the strength of the ring-shaped tunnel support 20 configured by injecting the fluidized solidifying material 11 into the bag 10 was examined. As shown in FIG. 12, when a bending load F acts on the tunnel support body 20 from the radially outer side, a compressive load F1 acts on the back surface portion 10a of the bag body 10, and the inner surface portion 10b of the bag body 10 is applied. Is subjected to a tensile load F2. The bending load pattern at this time is shown in FIG. In FIG. 13, (a) shows that a mortar is applied to a bag body in which the amount of warp 15 is twice the amount of weft 16 (the warp 15 has a density of 30 yarns / inch and the weft 16 has a density of 15 / inch). Filled and solidified specimen, (b) is a specimen in which mortar is filled and solidified in a bag having a reverse yarn quantity ratio (yarn density of 15 warps 15 / inch, weft 16 yarn density of 30 / inch), ( c) shows a bending load pattern in each case of concrete alone. In the test body using the bag body 10 in which the yarn amount of the warp yarn 15 is twice the yarn amount of the weft yarn 16, the tensile strength in the length direction (ring circumferential direction) of the bag body 10 is increased, so that the bending strength (a ) Greatly exceeds the strength level of concrete alone (the load at the time of breakage of the concrete alone (c)). On the other hand, it can be seen that the bending strength (b) of the specimen when the yarn amount ratio of the warp yarn 15 and the weft yarn amount 16 is reversed is only slightly above the concrete single-unit strength level, and there is not much reinforcing effect. .

  In the first embodiment described above, the belt-like bag bodies 10 are ring-shaped along the inner surface of the tunnel T and arranged in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel T, and the fluidized solidifying material 11 is injected into the bag body 10 and solidified. By doing so, the inner surface of the tunnel T can be covered easily. Here, when the flowable solidifying material 11 is injected into the bag body 10, the bag body 10 is in close contact with the inner surface of the tunnel T because the cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the length direction becomes a flat shape in the width direction. The inner wall of the tunnel T is reliably supported by the plurality of bags 10 into which the solidifying material 11 has been injected. Moreover, it becomes difficult for each bag body 10 to shift | deviate to the longitudinal direction of the tunnel T, or to fall down.

  Since the airtight bag 17 is disposed in the bag body 10, the bag body 10 is disposed along the inner surface of the tunnel T and pressurized air is injected into the airtight bag 17. Since it is closely attached to the inner surface of the tunnel T, the bag body 10 can be supported only by the support bag 12 having a simple structure. That is, a support having a solid structure such as a steel support is not required, and the assembly and disassembly of the support are facilitated and the workability is improved.

  If the bag body 10 is carried into the tunnel T and then both ends of the bag body 10 are joined to form a ring shape, various cables and devices disposed in the tunnel T can be connected to the bag body. It is easy to form the bag body 10 in a ring shape after being arranged inside the body 10.

  Since the bag body 10 is a seamless tubular woven fabric, and the yarn amount of the warp 15 of the bag body 10 is ½ or more of the yarn amount of the weft 16, the length of the bag body 10 is increased. Increases tensile strength. That is, the strength with respect to the bending load of the tunnel support body 20 composed of the bag body 10 and the fluidized solid material 11 is increased.

  In the first embodiment described above, pressurized air is injected as a pressure fluid into the airtight bag 17. However, the pressure fluid only needs to have a specific gravity smaller than that of the fluidized solid material 11. It is also possible to use other types of gases or liquids such as water.

  Further, a flexible shape holding material is disposed in the bag body 10 so that the bag body 10 is disposed along the inner surface of the tunnel T in a state where the bag body 10 has a certain degree of self-supporting property. May be. As this shape-retaining material, for example, as shown in FIG. 14, a long material 21 having a rectangular cross section made of synthetic resin such as high-density polyethylene can be used. Since the flat portion 21 a is formed on the outer portion of the long material 21 (the portion on the inner surface side of the tunnel T), the bag body 10 can be easily held along the inner surface of the tunnel T. Further, as shown in FIG. 15, a long material 22 having a cross-sectional shape in which a flat portion 22a is formed in the outer portion and opened inward may be used. Furthermore, the cross section is not limited to a rectangular shape. For example, as shown in FIG. 16, a long member 23 having a polygonal cross-sectional shape with a flat surface portion 23a formed on the outer side and opened inside is used. You can also When such a shape holding material is used, since the bag body 10 is in a state of being self-supporting, an airtight bag 17 is provided in the bag body 10 so that the pressurized air is airtight. The step of injecting into the bag 17 may be omitted.

  As a support for supporting the bag 10 in the tunnel T, a support having a simple structure such as a ring-shaped mold made of synthetic resin can be used in addition to the support bag 12 of the first embodiment. The support body supports the bag body 10 along the inner surface of the tunnel T before injecting the pressurized air into the airtight bag 17 in the bag body 10, and the fluidized solidified injected into the bag body 10. Any structure that can prevent the fluidized solidified material 11 from being deformed by its own weight or the like until the material 11 is solidified, and does not need to have a solid structure.

  Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. Also in the second embodiment, as in the first embodiment, the bag body is arranged in a ring shape along the inner surface of the tunnel, and then the fluidized solidifying material is injected into the inside to solidify the tunnel. However, the structure of the bag body is different from that of the first embodiment. The different points will be mainly described below.

  The bag 30 is a water-permeable tubular woven fabric (for example, a diameter of about 700 mm) woven with a warp of polyester fiber extending in the length direction of the bag 30 and a weft of polyester fiber extending in the width direction. , The weft is continuously woven in a spiral shape. The warps and wefts have, for example, a thickness of 1000 d / 3, a warp yarn density of 30 / inch, and a weft yarn density of 15 / inch. The woven structure of the bag body 30 is a plain weave, and the bag body 30 is a seamless tubular woven fabric woven by an annular loom.

  And as shown in FIG. 17, this bag body 30 has a plurality of partition portions 31 formed in parallel to its length direction (the circumferential direction in the bag body 30 formed in the ring shape of FIG. 17), It has the some solidification material injection | pouring part 32 partitioned off by these some partition parts 31 and extended in the said length direction.

  The partition portion 31 is formed by joining the back surface portion and the inner surface portion in the length direction of the bag body 30 by sewing or the like, and plays a role of partitioning so that the solidifying material injection portions 32 on both sides thereof do not communicate with each other. . The solidifying material injection part 32 is hollow and extends in the longitudinal direction of the bag body 30, and when the bag body 30 is arranged along the inner surface of the tunnel T, the solidifying material injection part 32 is formed in a ring shape. The Then, as shown in FIG. 18, the fluidized solid material 11 is injected into the solidified material injection portion 32. Therefore, the fluidized solid material 11 is restrained by the solidified material injection part 32, and deformation of the solidified material 11 when a compressive load is applied to the bag body 30 from the ground can be suppressed as much as possible. Will increase. Further, in the conventional ring-shaped tube or the like, it is necessary to carry the tubes or the like one by one into the tunnel T, whereas in the bag body 30 having such a plurality of solidifying material injection portions 32, Since a plurality of solidifying material injection portions 32 can be arranged in the tunnel, the carrying-in operation is facilitated.

  As shown in FIG. 19A, when a bending load F acts on the bag body 30 injected with the fluidized solidifying material 11 from the inner wall of the tunnel T, a compressive load F1 acts on the back surface portion of the bag body 30. The tensile load F <b> 2 acts on the inner surface of the bag body 30. However, as shown in FIG. 19B, in the cross section perpendicular to the length direction of the bag body 30, the partition portion 31 is joined in the vicinity of the neutral surface 34 against the bending load F acting from the outside in the radial direction. Since a large load is not applied to the joint portion 33, the joining of the back surface portion and the inner surface portion of the joint portion 33 is prevented from being broken.

  Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described. This 3rd Embodiment changes the cross-sectional shape of the bag body 30 with respect to the above-mentioned 2nd Embodiment. In the bag 30 according to the second embodiment shown in FIG. 18, the partition portion 31 has a shape connected to the vicinity of the central portion on both sides of the solidifying material injecting portion 32. In the state in which the material 11 is injected, the partition portion 31 is separated from the inner surface of the tunnel T (for example, the separation distance is about 30 mm), and a gap is generated between the partition portion 31 and the inner surface of the tunnel T. It comes to adhere only partially to the inner surface of T.

  Therefore, in the bag body according to the third embodiment, as shown in FIG. 20, in the cross section perpendicular to the length direction of the bag body 40, the solidified material injection is performed by changing the joining portion between the back surface portion and the inner surface portion. The portion 42 is formed so as to protrude inward (opposite the inner surface of the tunnel T). Therefore, when the fluidized solidifying material 11 is injected into the solidifying material injection portion 42, the partition portion 41 of the bag body 40 is also in close contact with the inner surface of the tunnel T, so that the bag body 40 is entirely attached to the inner surface of the tunnel T. It will be in close contact.

  Next, a fourth embodiment will be described. As shown in FIG. 21, the bag body 50 of the fourth embodiment includes a plurality of (for example, three) communication portions that extend in the width direction of the partition body 51 and communicate with a plurality of solidifying material injection portions 52. Part 53. The communication portions 53 are formed at substantially equal intervals in the circumferential direction in the state where the bag body 50 is formed in a ring shape. The inner diameter of the communicating portion 53 is approximately the same as the inner diameter of the solidifying material injecting portion 52 (for example, an inner diameter of 65 mm). However, depending on various conditions such as the size of the bag body 50 and the type of fluidized solidified material to be injected, the diameter can be made larger or smaller than the solidified material injecting portion 52 as appropriate.

  A hose-shaped injection port 54 for injecting the fluidized solid material 11 is provided at the end of the communication portion 53 in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel T. From the injection port 54, the fluidized solid material 11 can be injected at once into the communicating portion 53 and the plurality of solidified material injection portions 52. Therefore, there is no need to inject the fluidized solid material 11 into each of the plurality of solid material injection portions 52, and the solid material 11 can be injected efficiently. The hose-shaped injection port 54 is formed of a small-diameter cylindrical woven fabric, a cylindrical woven fabric with an inner surface coated with a resin film, or the like, and is inexpensive and can be used as it is.

  In the state in which the fluidized solid material 11 injected into the communication portion 53 is solidified, the communication portion 53 supports a plurality of ring-shaped solid material injection portions 52 in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel T. Therefore, even when the natural ground is deformed, the plurality of ring-shaped solidified material injection portions 52 can be prevented from being deformed like a shogi in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel T. Furthermore, the load on the ground where the solidifying material injecting portion 52 is not in close contact can be dispersed and acted on the plurality of solidifying material injecting portions 52 via the communicating portion 53. The number of communication portions 53 is not particularly limited, but it is preferable that a plurality of communication portions 53 are provided in order to reliably transmit the load of natural ground to the plurality of solidifying material injection portions.

Next, modified embodiments in which various partial modifications are made to the first to fourth embodiments will be described.
1] When the bag body 10 is arranged in a ring shape along the inner surface of the tunnel T, the peripheral length of the inner surface portion 10b is originally π × D as shown in FIG. The circumference is π × (D + 2d) (D: inner diameter of ring-shaped bag body, d: thickness of bag body), but the actual length of the back surface portion and inner surface portion of bag body 10 is the same. When the circumferential length of the back surface portion 10a is matched with the inner circumferential length of the tunnel T, bending (kink 60) occurs in the inner surface portion of the bag body 10 as shown in FIG. The strength is partially reduced at the portion.

  Therefore, the elongation in the length direction of the back surface portion 10a may be made higher than the elongation in the length direction of the inner surface portion 10b. As a specific example, the inner diameter of the tunnel T is 2130 mm, the inner diameter D of the ring-shaped bag body is 2000 mm, the thickness d of the bag body is 65 mm, and the warp of the back surface portion 10a closely contacting the inner surface of the tunnel T is elongation. Are made of nylon fibers having a large diameter, and warps on the inner surface side are made of polyester fibers having low elongation. In general, the elongation of the polyester fiber is 17%, whereas the elongation of the nylon fiber is around 25%. Therefore, when the bag body 10 is placed in the tunnel T, the back surface portion 10a extends. The ring-shaped bag body 10 can sufficiently follow the inner and outer diameter difference of 1.07 times. Thus, by making the elongation in the length direction of the back surface portion 10a higher than that of the inner surface portion 10b, it is possible to prevent the kink 60 from being generated in the inner surface portion 10b.

  2] In each of the embodiments described above, in the tunnel T, the bag body 10 having a length substantially equal to the circumferential length of the tunnel T is arranged in a ring shape (see FIG. 1), but as shown in FIG. A bag body 70 that is longer than the circumferential length of the tunnel T excavated by the TBM 100 may be spirally arranged along the inner surface of the tunnel T. Or you may arrange | position the bag body shorter than the circumferential direction length of the tunnel T along the inner surface of the tunnel T in circular arc shape.

  3] As the fluidized solidifying material, various materials such as a thermosetting resin liquid can be used in addition to a cement-based solidified material such as mortar. When using a thermosetting resin liquid, after injecting the thermosetting resin liquid into the bag body, the thermosetting resin liquid is cured by applying heat to the bag body or leaving it at room temperature.

  4] In the above description, an example in which the present invention is applied to lining the inner surface of a newly excavated tunnel has been described, but the present invention is not limited to such a form. For example, the diameter of the tunnel and its use are not limited to those of the above-described embodiment. Furthermore, the present invention can be applied to repairing the inner surface of an existing tunnel. In addition, in the range which does not deviate from the summary of this invention, a change can be suitably added to the structure.

1 is a schematic perspective view of a tunnel lining structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is a partial expansion perspective view of a bag. It is a partial expansion perspective view of a bag and an airtight bag. It is a figure which shows a bag body, (a) is a top view, (b) is sectional drawing. It is a perspective view of the support bag of the state with which the bag body was mounted | worn. It is a perspective view of the bag body formed in the ring shape. It is a partial expanded sectional view of the bag body which both ends communicate. It is sectional drawing of the bag body at the time of pressurized air injection | pouring in an airtight bag. It is sectional drawing of the bag body at the time of fluidity | solidification solid material injection | pouring. It is a fragmentary sectional view of a tunnel in the state where fluid solidification material was poured into a bag. It is the XI-XI sectional view taken on the line of FIG. It is a fragmentary sectional view in the section parallel to the length direction of a bag. It is a figure which shows a load pattern when a bending load is made to act on a bag. It is a partial expansion perspective view of the elongate material as a bag body and a shape maintenance material. It is a partial expansion perspective view of another elongate material. It is a partial expansion perspective view of another elongate material. It is a perspective view of the bag concerning a 2nd embodiment of the present invention. It is sectional drawing of the bag body in the state by which the fluid solidification material was inject | poured. It is a fragmentary sectional view of a bag, (a) is a sectional view in a section parallel to the length direction of a bag, and (b) is a sectional view in a section perpendicular to the length direction of a bag. FIG. 19 is a view corresponding to FIG. 18 of a bag body according to a third embodiment of the present invention. It is the FIG. 17 equivalent view of the bag body which concerns on 4th Embodiment of this invention. It is a side view of the bag which does not produce the kink which concerns on a change form. It is a side view of the bag body which the kink produced. FIG. 2 is a view corresponding to FIG. 1 of a tunnel lining structure according to a modified embodiment. It is a schematic perspective view of the conventional tunnel lining structure.

Explanation of symbols

T Tunnel 10 Bag body 11 Flowable solidifying material 12 Support bag 21, 22, 23 Long material 30 Bag body 31 Partition part 32 Solidifying material injection part 40 Bag body 41 Partition part 42 Solidifying material injection part 50 Bag body 51 Partition part 52 Solidifying material injection part 53 Communication part 70 Bag body

Claims (18)

A first step of disposing a belt-like bag body having a predetermined length along the inner surface of the tunnel, and injecting a pressurized fluid into the bag body to closely contact the bag body with the inner surface of the tunnel;
A second step of discharging the pressurized fluid from the bag while injecting a fluidized solidifying material into the bag while maintaining the internal pressure of the bag;
A third step of solidifying the fluidizable solidifying material in the bag body;
A tunnel lining method characterized by comprising: A first step of disposing a flexible shape-retaining material in a belt-like bag body having a predetermined length and arranging the bag body along the inner surface of the tunnel;
A second step of bringing the bag body into close contact with the inner surface of the tunnel while injecting a fluidized solidifying material into the bag body;
A third step of solidifying the fluidizable solidifying material in the bag body;
A tunnel lining method characterized by comprising: A plurality of partition portions formed in parallel to the length direction by joining the back surface portion and the inner surface portion in the length direction of the bag body, which are belt-shaped bag bodies having a predetermined length A first step of disposing a bag body having a plurality of solidifying material injecting portions partitioned by a plurality of partitioning portions and extending in the length direction along the inner surface of the tunnel;
A second step in which the back surface portion of the bag is in close contact with the inner surface of the tunnel while injecting a fluid solidifying material into the plurality of solidifying material injection portions;
A third step of solidifying the flowable solidifying material in the solidifying material injection portion;
A tunnel lining method characterized by comprising:   The tunnel covering method according to claim 3, wherein the bag body includes a communication portion that extends in a width direction of the bag body and communicates with the plurality of solidifying material injecting portions.   The bag body into which the fluidized solidifying material is injected is closely attached to the inner surface of the tunnel in a state where a cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the length direction is flat in the width direction. Tunnel lining method.   The length of the bag body is substantially equal to the circumferential length of the inner surface of the tunnel, and in the first step, the bag body is arranged in a ring shape along the inner surface of the tunnel. The tunnel lining method described.   The tunnel covering method according to claim 6, wherein in the first step, both ends of the bag body are joined or butted together in the tunnel to form the bag body in a ring shape.   The length of the bag body is longer than the circumferential length of the inner surface of the tunnel, and in the first step, the bag body is arranged in a spiral shape along the inner surface of the tunnel. The tunnel lining method described.   The tunnel covering method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the bag is a seamless tubular woven fabric.   The tunnel covering method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the amount of yarn in the length direction of the bag body is ½ or more of the amount of yarn in the width direction.   11. The bag according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the bag body has an elongation in a length direction of a back surface portion in close contact with the tunnel inner surface, which is higher than an elongation in the length direction of an inner surface portion not in close contact with the tunnel inner surface. The tunnel lining method described in Crab.   In the first step, the bag body is attached to an outer surface portion of a support bag filled with a fluid, and the bag body and the support bag are carried into the tunnel, and the bag body is supported from the inside by the support bag. The tunnel lining method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein A belt-like bag having a predetermined length and disposed along the inner surface of the tunnel,
Tunnel lining, characterized in that when fluidized solidification material is injected into the inside, the inner wall of the tunnel is supported in close contact with the inner surface of the tunnel with the cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the length direction being flat in the width direction. Bag body.   14. The tunnel lining bag according to claim 13, wherein the elongation in the length direction of the back surface portion in close contact with the inner surface of the tunnel is higher than the elongation in the length direction of the inner surface portion not in close contact with the inner surface of the tunnel. body.   15. The tunnel lining bag according to claim 13 or 14, wherein the yarn amount in the length direction is ½ or more of the yarn amount in the width direction.   A plurality of partition portions formed in parallel to the length direction by joining a back surface portion in close contact with the inner surface of the tunnel and an inner surface portion not in close contact with the length direction of the bag body, and the plurality of partition portions The tunnel lining according to any one of claims 13 to 15, further comprising a plurality of solidifying material injection portions which are partitioned and extend in the length direction and into which the fluidized solidifying material is injected. Bag body.   The tunnel lining bag according to claim 16, further comprising a communication portion extending in the width direction and communicating with each of the plurality of solidifying material injection portions. Each having a predetermined length, arranged along the inner surface of the tunnel and arranged in a longitudinal direction of the tunnel, and a plurality of belt-shaped bags, and a fluidized solidified material injected into the plurality of bags,
The tunnel lining structure characterized in that the plurality of bags are in close contact with the inner surface of the tunnel with a cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the length direction being flat in the width direction of the bag.

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