JP2784512B2 - Bagged concrete lining method - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a bag-filled concrete lining method, and more particularly, to a bag-filled concrete lining method suitable for supporting a ground in a shield method for excavating the entire cross section of a tunnel at the same time.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional technique, in a shield construction method for excavating the entire section of a tunnel, first, in parallel with excavation in the ground by a shield excavator, immediately after the excavator, a ready-made segment such as steel or reinforced concrete is formed. Was assembled on the inner peripheral surface of the ground, and this was used as a lining body (lining) to construct the outer shell of the tunnel (see FIG. 8).

Further, ECL (Extended Con
In the concrete direct casting method called “crete lining” method, an inner formwork is assembled behind the excavator in parallel with excavation of the entire cross section of the tunnel by a shield excavator, and between the inner formwork and the ground surface, Concrete was poured and filled, and the outer shell of the tunnel was constructed with this concrete lining.

In addition, depending on the excavation conditions such as geology, for example,
In a tunnel of relatively strong self-standing ground such as a mountain tunnel, concrete, mortar, etc., is sprayed on the inner peripheral surface of the ground exposed with excavation, and the sprayed concrete or sprayed mortar is used as a lining to cover the tunnel shell. Was building.

[0005]

In the above prior art, in the case of the method of assembling a segment to form a lining body, a gap between the ground and the segment corresponding to the thickness of the outer skin plate of the excavator is provided. In order to prevent the collapse of the ground, it is necessary to fill a material such as mortar called backfill material, which requires a material and complicated construction work. In addition, since the backfill material is directly injected into the ground, there is a problem that it is difficult to completely fill the backfill material.

In addition, the ECL method requires a large inner formwork. In addition, it is necessary to treat the end of the formwork so that the cast concrete does not leak, and to devise measures to ensure the quality of the concrete. In addition, the accuracy of concrete filling in the ground was inaccurate, and it was difficult to ensure the quality of concrete in the ground with spring water.

In the method of spraying the inner peripheral surface of the tunnel ground, the working environment is deteriorated due to generation and rebound of dust due to the spraying, loss of the spraying material, flowability of the spraying material such as concrete, quick-setting property, etc. Great care was required for quality control, such as adhesion to the ground.

The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems of the prior art in a concrete lining method for a tunnel, simplifies the construction process, enables the construction of a lining close to the ground, and shortens the construction period and reduces the cost. With the goal.

[0009]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention employs the following means. The invention according to claim 1 is a lining method for constructing a lining body along an inner peripheral wall of a tunnel excavated by a shield excavator, wherein an inner mold is formed in a circumferential direction along the inner peripheral wall of the tunnel. Assemble the frame and leak concrete on the inner formwork
A water-permeable bag that allows only water to flow out without disposing the concrete, presses concrete into the bag, presses the casting pressure and presses the bag.
Hit by Rukoto, the bagging concrete lining forming by flow out only water from the bag, and characterized in that said lining member, whereby, without pouring concrete leakage from the bag, yet the pressure The installed concrete is dewatered, so that solid bagged concrete can be formed in a predetermined range in close contact with the ground.

[0010]

Further, the invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that the shield excavator excavates by taking a reaction force on the bagged concrete lining, thereby simplifying the excavation process and improving the inside of the bag. Dewatering of cast concrete is also possible.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, the shield machine includes a press ring for applying a reaction force to the existing lining body, and the press ring, the inner mold, and the existing lining body are provided. And the bag-filled concrete lining is formed in a predetermined range surrounded by the ground, whereby the poured concrete can be limited to the predetermined range, and furthermore, the ground is in close contact with the existing lining body. A filled concrete lining can be formed.

Further, the invention according to claim 4 is directed to a mountain tunnel.
In the tunnel of independent ground such as
A lining method for constructing a lining body by using a blade supporting machine provided , wherein concrete leaks onto the supporting portion.
A water-permeable bag that allows only water to flow out without disposing,
Pressing concrete into the bag and pressing the casting pressure and bag
By forming only the moisture out of the bag
The concrete lining to be filled is used as the lining body .
In the ground, the cast concrete in the bag does not come into direct contact with the ground or groundwater, so that deterioration of the quality of the concrete is prevented. In addition, since the high-strength concrete can be formed at an early stage by the dehydration action , the support section can be advanced quickly.
Can be moved.

[0014] Further, the invention according to claim 5 is characterized in that:
When concrete is poured under pressure, the slump is almost zero.
It is characterized by being concrete. When pressing
You can get concrete with a lamp almost “0”
Thus, early movement of the formwork, the support section, and the like becomes possible.

[0015]

The invention according to claim 6 is characterized in that the tunnel
Adjacent portions of adjacent bagged concrete linings that are parallel to each other in the direction of excavation of the metal are formed so as to engage with each other, whereby the lining body by the bagged concrete lining is integrated, A stronger shell is built.

[0017]

[0018]

[0019]

[0020]

[0021]

[0022]

[0023]

[0024] As described above, when along the land Yamauchi peripheral wall of the tunnels excavation by the shield machine, the lining method of constructing a lining material, for example employing the above configuration,
With the excavation of the shield excavator, assemble the inner mold in a ring shape along the inner peripheral wall of the tunnel, arrange a water-permeable bag in a ring shape on the inner mold, A press ring for taking a propulsive reaction force of the shield machine from the lining body is arranged on the face side of the inner formwork, and concrete is pressed into the bag to press the press ring and the inner ring. Formwork, the existing lining, and forming a bagged concrete lining in a predetermined area surrounded by the ground, and then pressing the press ring against the bagged concrete lining to excavate the shield excavator. Similarly to repeatedly form bagging concrete lining is parallel to front and rear excavation direction, the juxtaposed packaged concrete lining was to be said lining body
Will be possible. The same applies when using a blade supporter
Then, concrete is pressed into a permeable bag ,
Although water leaks out, concrete is prevented from leaking, and since concrete does not directly contact the ground or groundwater, quality deterioration can be prevented, and the lining can be constructed in a predetermined range in close contact with the ground. Concrete is water, cement and gravel
Since it is composed of, concrete and high strength concrete can be obtained early by pressure dehydration ,
Work efficiency is improved, and there is also a degree of freedom in design and construction in which the lining shape is changed according to soil conditions. In addition, concrete
Deterioration of the work environment due to the leakage of the heat can be eliminated, and a highly accurate lining can be constructed in a simplified construction process, thereby shortening the construction period and reducing costs.

[0025]

[0026]

[0027]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In the following description, only the case where concrete is used will be described, but the present invention is not limited to this, and the case where mortar is used instead of concrete is also within the scope of the present invention.

FIG. 1 is a partially sectional perspective view for explaining an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, a shield machine 1 in the method of the present embodiment excavates the entire cross section of a circular bore formed by a shield skin plate 2, and includes a shield jack 3, and a press ring 4 is provided at the tip of the shield jack 3. Is provided.

With the excavation, the steel inner mold 5 is assembled, and concrete 7 is poured into a water-permeable high-strength bag 6 at an interval between the inner mold 5 and the ground. Form the bagged concrete lining 8 to construct the tunnel shell. The press ring 4 obtains the shield digging force from the constructed existing bagged concrete lining 8, and transmits a pressing force to the cast concrete 7 from outside the bag 6.

Here, the bag 6 in this embodiment will be described. The bag 6 is permeable to water and has sufficiently high tensile strength. The water permeability may be ensured by the weave of the fibers, or may be made of a synthetic compound having water-permeable holes. Due to this water permeability and strength, when concrete is poured and filled in the bag, the bag can be brought into close contact with the ground, the concrete can be kept within a predetermined range, and the driving pressure can be kept high, The contained water can be drained from the bag. Therefore, the density of the concrete is increased, and the concrete strength can be secured. In the experiment of the present inventors, when the concrete was poured into the bag under pressure, it was possible to obtain concrete having a slump almost equal to "0".

Next, the steps of this embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. As shown in FIG. 2, the shield jack 3 is operated, the press ring 4 is pressed against the existing bagged concrete lining 8 to obtain a shield excavating force, and the shield excavator 1 is advanced by one excavation process (one cycle length). Let it.

As shown in FIG. 3, after completion of the excavation for one cycle length, the inner formwork 5 is assembled in a ring shape at a constant distance from the ground in the shield skin plate 2 at the rear of the excavator. Then, the press ring 4 is pulled in, and the bag 6 is arranged on the outer periphery of the inner mold 5. Then, a volume corresponding to the space surrounded by the press ring 4 installed at the end face side of the inner mold 5, the inner mold 5, the bagged concrete lining 8 which is the existing lining body, and the ground. Of concrete in bag 6
Pressing into the inside.

As shown in FIG. 4, concrete is poured into the bag 6 from the concrete transport pipe 10 under pressure, and at the same time, preparation for the next excavation is carried out. After the concrete is injected, the shield jack 3 is again put in as shown in FIG. , The press ring 4 is pressed against the existing bagged concrete lining 8 to obtain a shield excavating force, and the shield excavator 1 is advanced by one cycle length. These steps are repeated to construct a tunnel shell.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 4 and shows a longitudinal section of the existing bagged concrete lining 8. Between the ground and the inner formwork 5, a ring-shaped bagged concrete lining 8 is constructed without gaps. In this embodiment,
Although the bagged concrete lining 8 is formed in an endless ring shape, as shown by a dotted line 11 in the figure, for example, two semicircular bagged concretes may be connected by a dotted line 11 to form a ring shape. it can.

FIG. 6 is a view showing an adjacent portion of the bagged concrete linings 8a and 8b constructed adjacent to each other in the excavation direction, and a press ring for pressing the bagged concrete so as to be stronger against external force. 4, the adjacent surface 12 between the linings 8a and 8b
Are configured to engage with each other.

FIG. 6 (a) is a view showing an example of an adjacent portion of the bagged concrete linings 8a and 8b. As shown in the drawing, the pressing surface of the press ring 4a is formed so that the cross section becomes a convex arc shape. The face of the packed concrete lining 8a formed and pressed by this is formed in a concave arc shape. Next, the bag-filled concrete lining 8b to be cast concrete adjacent thereto is fitted on the concave side surface of the lining 8a by the pressing force of the concrete casting and the pressing force of the press ring 4a. It is formed in a convex arc shape so as to be fitted.

FIG. 6B is a view showing another example of the portion adjacent to the bagged concrete linings 8a and 8b. As shown in the drawing, the pressing surface of the press ring 4b is formed in an inclined shape. Pressed bagged concrete lining 8a
Is also inclined. Next, in the bagged concrete lining 8b to be cast concrete adjacent thereto, the surface 12b adjacent to the lining 8a is aligned with the inclined side surface of the lining 8a by the pressing force of the concrete casting and the pressing force of the press ring 4b. It is formed to be inclined.

FIG. 6C is a view showing still another example of the adjacent portions of the bagged concrete linings 8a and 8b. As shown in the figure, the pressing surface of the press ring 4c is formed in a triangular shape having a convex cross section. The face side of the packed concrete lining 8a pressed by this is formed into a concave triangular cross section. Next, in the bag-filled concrete lining 8b to be cast concrete adjacent thereto, the surface 12c adjacent to the lining 8a is fitted to the concave side surface of the lining 8a by the pressing force of the concrete casting and the pressing force of the press ring 4a. It is formed in a convex triangular shape so as to be fitted.

FIG. 6D is a view showing still another example of the portion adjacent to the bagged concrete linings 8a and 8b. As shown in the drawing, a step is formed on the pressing surface of the press ring 4a, and the pressing is performed by this. Bagged concrete lining 8a
A step is also formed on the side of the face. Next, the bag-filled concrete lining 8b to be cast concrete adjacent thereto is such that the surface 12d adjacent to the lining 8a engages with the step of the lining 8a by the pressing force of the concrete casting and the pressing force of the press ring 4a. It is formed in a small step.

As described above, the adjacent surfaces of the bagging concrete linings 8a and 8b that are adjacent to each other are configured to engage with each other, so that the linings have an integral structure, and are more robust against external force. Outer shell part of the tunnel.

7 and 8 are views showing a tunnel outer shell part having a circular cross section. FIG. 7 is a view showing a tunnel outer shell part according to the present embodiment. Continuously constitute the primary lining. FIG. 8 is a view showing a conventional example, in which a primary lining is constituted by assembling steel segments 20. As shown, the steel segment 20 has a circumferential segment joint 21,
Ring joint 2 between segments that are adjacent in the direction of excavation
2 are provided, and the configuration is more complicated than that of the present embodiment shown in FIG.

Next, referring to FIG. 9, an embodiment in which the bagged concrete lining method of the present invention is applied to a mountain tunnel or the like made of a relatively strong self-supporting ground such as a bedrock depending on the geological conditions. explain. As shown in FIG. 9, the inner mold 30 having a semicircular cross section is assembled with the excavation, and a water-permeable bag 31 is provided in a space between the ground and the inner mold 30.
Is installed, and concrete is poured into the bag 31 under pressure. The semi-circular bag-filled concrete linings 32 formed in this manner are continuously arranged to form a tunnel lining body.

According to the present embodiment, as compared with a conventional case where a lining body is constructed by spraying concrete or mortar or the like on the exposed inner peripheral surface of a ground to a tunnel having a relatively small section. Then, the deterioration of the working environment due to the generation and rebound of dust accompanying the spraying and the loss of the spraying material are prevented, and solid concrete of high quality is placed in a predetermined area by closely adhering to the ground. be able to.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a so-called blade supporting machine which excavates the mountain tunnel and the like shown in FIG. This blade support machine excavates and advances by sequentially extruding the blades 35 of the excavation section, and always has an inner form section 37 as a support section in a back lining section 36, and an inner form section in the lining section 36. After casting concrete in the bag arranged at 37 to form a bagged concrete lining, the inner formwork 37 is braided (German
(It is also called Messel according to this.) 35 , and can be dug like a shark insect. Note that reference numeral 3
Reference numeral 8 denotes a lining body made of an existing bagged concrete lining.

11 and 12 are cross-sectional views showing a sheath pipe when a water pipe is laid underground. FIG. 11 shows a case where the method of the present invention is applied, and FIG. 12 shows a case where a conventional segment is assembled. Is shown. As shown in FIG. 11, similarly to the above-described embodiment, the sheath tube 40 is configured by arranging ring-shaped bagged concrete 41 in parallel, and inside the bagged concrete sheath tube 40, the inner diameter d = 1000 to 1000. A 2000 mm water pipe 42 is installed, and a concrete space 43 is filled in a surrounding space of 300 to 400 mm. On the other hand, according to the conventional method shown in FIG. 12, since the sheath 44 is constructed by assembling the segments 44, it takes time and costs.

As described above, according to the embodiment using the bagged concrete of the present invention, the following excellent effects can be obtained.

(1) By placing concrete in the bag, it is possible to keep the concrete within a limited predetermined range.

(2) A lining can be formed in close contact with the ground by pressing concrete or pressing a press ring.

(3) The water in the concrete is dehydrated by pressurization, and the concrete strength is increased.

(4) When concrete is pressed into the bag,
High density concrete is obtained.

(5) Since the concrete is in a state close to the slump “0” by the dehydration under pressure, the formwork on the end side (face side) is unnecessary.

(6) Since the concrete does not directly contact the ground or the groundwater by using the bag, deterioration of the quality can be prevented.

(7) By the dewatering and the pressing force of the press ring, the compacted state of the concrete can be obtained at an early stage, and the propulsion reaction force of the excavator can be obtained at an early stage.

(8) The lining body constituting the outer shell of the tunnel can be constructed on site with simple equipment, which leads to cost reduction.

(9) There is a degree of freedom in the construction that the construction can be performed by changing the lining thickness according to the soil condition. Conventional ready-made concrete segments and the like have not been easy to follow changes.

(10) There is a degree of design freedom that the lining shape can be freely set.

Therefore, the application field of the method of the present invention can be further widely applied as follows. 1. Tunnel lining for primary lining of ordinary shields. 2. Primary lining of mountain tunnel. 3. Saya pipe when laying water pipe, gas pipe, electric pipe, etc. in the tunnel. 4. TBM (Tunnel Boring Machi
ne) In the construction method, temporary winding in the entire area of the inner wall surface of the tunnel or in the necessary area.

The present invention includes the following means in addition to those described in detail above. (A) The inner formwork is not limited to the steel panel formwork. For example, H-type steel is assembled along the circumferential direction of the inner peripheral wall of the ground, and this H-type
Temporarily laying the section steel in the excavation direction at an appropriate pitch, placing the bag using the flange surface and placing concrete, the lining part can be easily inspected from the interval between the H sections and the cost is low. Become.

(B) The lining body is not constructed along the circumferential direction of the inner peripheral wall of the ground in the tunnel, and is not constructed over the entire circumference. By constructing a lining body and using other construction methods such as a spraying construction method for the other parts, efficient and economical tunnel lining is possible.

(C) The concrete is poured into the bag not only in the skin plate at the rear (tail) of the shield machine but also in the case where the ground is solid like rock, for example, in a mountain tunnel. In the case of a self-supporting ground, of course, concrete can be poured outside the skin plate.

(D) As described above, mortar can be used in place of concrete. However, concrete itself can also be obtained by, for example, placing fiber concrete in a bag and filling it with fibers, which are fibrous materials mixed in the concrete. A strong bagged concrete lining like reinforced concrete can be made.

(E) The bag itself can have strength. For example, arrange carbon fiber etc. in the appropriate direction of the bag,
By increasing the strength against bending, not only the strength of the lining body depends on the cast concrete in the bag, but also the strength of the bag can be added, so that a stronger lining body can be obtained.

[0063]

According to the above as the present invention, in a tunnel lining method, pressurized圧打set to without Conc <br/> REITs leakage was the water permeability of the bag, also concrete Ya natural ground Since there is no direct contact with groundwater, deterioration of quality can be prevented, and a lining can be constructed in close contact with the ground in a predetermined range. In addition, concrete with high strength can be obtained early by pressure dehydration, the working efficiency is improved, and there is a degree of freedom in design and construction in which the lining shape is changed according to soil conditions. In addition, contamination of the work site due to leakage of concrete
Deterioration of the working environment such as generation of dust and splashing due to dyeing and spraying is also eliminated, a highly accurate lining can be constructed by a simplified construction process, and the construction period and cost can be reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional perspective view for explaining an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a digging step according to the present embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a step of setting an inner mold and a bag according to the present embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a step of placing concrete in a bag according to the present embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view for explaining an adjacent portion of the bagged concrete lining in the present embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a tunnel outer shell having a circular cross section according to the present embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a tunnel shell portion having a circular cross section made of a conventional steel segment.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an embodiment in which the bagged concrete lining method of the present invention is applied to a tunnel having a relatively strong ground such as a mountain tunnel.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a blade supporter used for a mountain tunnel or the like.

FIG. 11 is a sectional view of an embodiment in which the method of the present invention is applied to laying a water pipe.

FIG. 12 is a sectional view for explaining installation of a water pipe according to a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Shield excavator 2 Shield skin plate 3 Shield jack 4 Press ring 5 Inner form 6 Bag 7 Concrete 8, 8a, 8b Concrete lining for packing 10 Concrete transport pipe 11 Connection part of lining 12a, 12b, 12c shown by a dotted line 12d, adjacent part of lining 20 steel segment 21 segment joint 22 ring joint 30 inner formwork 31 bag 32 bagged concrete lining 35 excavation part blade 36 lining part 37 inner formwork part (support part) 38 existing lining body 40 Saya pipe 41 Bagged concrete 42 Water pipe 43 Filled concrete 44 Segment

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (73) Patent holder 000219875 Tokyu Construction Co., Ltd. 1-16-14 Shibuya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo (73) Patent holder 000231198 Japan Land Development Co., Ltd. 4-9-1 Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo No. 9 (73) Patent holder 000236610 Fudo Construction Co., Ltd. 4-2-16-1 Hirano-cho, Chuo-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka (73) Patent holder 000000033 Asahi Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd. 1-2-6 Dojimahama, Kita-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka (73) Patent owner 000002118 Sumitomo Metal Industries, Ltd. 4-53-3, Kitahama, Chuo-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka (73) Patentee 000006208 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. 2-5-1 Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo (72 Inventor Masayuki Suzuka 2-15-11 Higashi-Oizumi, Nerima-ku, Tokyo (72) Inventor Taneoka Tsuruoka 31 Ichibancho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Zenitakagumi Tokyo Head Office (72) Inventor Kazuto Hamada 2-8-8 Koraku, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo Within Goyo Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Masashi Kaneko 13-4 Arakicho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo Within Sumitomo Construction Co., Ltd. (72 Inventor Takahisa Ida 31 Ichibancho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Tokyo Main Office (72) Inventor Sumio Toriumi 31st Ichibancho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Tokyo Main Office (72) Inventor Yuji Asakami 1-16-14 Shibuya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo Tokyu Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Kenji 4-9-9 Akasaka, Minato-ku, Tokyo Inside Japan Land Development Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Toshiaki Oku Tokyo No. 1-2-1, Taito, Taito-ku, Fudo Construction Co., Ltd. (72) Nobutaka Miura Inventor: 1-1-2 Yurakucho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo Asahi Kasei Industrial Company (56) References JP 5-295993 ( JP, A) JP-A-59-228597 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) E21D 11/10

Claims (6)

(57) [Claims] 1. A lining method for constructing a lining body along an inner peripheral wall of a tunnel excavated by a shield excavator, wherein an inner form is assembled circumferentially along the inner peripheral wall of the tunnel. , Concrete on the inner formwork
Disposed water only can flow out water permeable bags without leaking, the concrete was pressurized圧打set in bag, Ya striking設圧force
By pressing the bag, only the water flows out of the bag.
Bagged concrete lining method, characterized in that not the bagged concrete lining to be formed, and the lining member. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the shield excavator excavates while taking a reaction force against the concrete lining. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the shield machine comprises a press ring for applying a reaction force to the existing lining body, and wherein the press ring, the inner mold, and the existing lining are provided. A bag-filled concrete lining method, wherein the bag-filled concrete lining is formed in a predetermined range surrounded by a body and a ground. 4. An autonomous ground tunnel such as a mountain tunnel
A lining method for constructing a lining body by a blade supporting machine provided with a supporting portion immediately after an excavation portion , wherein the supporting portion is
Only water can flow out without leaking concrete on top
Arrange a water-permeable bag and press concrete into the bag with pressure.
By placing and pressing the casting pressure and the bag,
Bagged concrete liner formed by draining only water
A lining body, wherein the lining body is used as the lining body . 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein
When concrete is pressed into the bag,
A bag-filled concrete lining method characterized by making concrete with almost zero pump . 6. The method of claim 1 or 4, characterized in that the adjacent portions of the bagging concrete lining each other adjacent parallel one behind the excavation direction of the tunnel, formed to engage one another And the bagged concrete lining method.