JP2005237337A - Combine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To facilitate the comparison of the maximum allowable load and the present load of a combine by displaying the maximum allowable load and the present load of the engine, traveling apparatus, threshing apparatus and a reaping apparatus of the combine at the same time. <P>SOLUTION: A threshing apparatus 3 is placed above an under carriage 2 having a traveling apparatus 1. A plurality of raising apparatuses 4 to raise a multi-row planted culm 5 and a reaping apparatus 5 to reap the culm raised by the raising apparatus 4 and transfer to the rear threshing apparatus are placed in front of the threshing apparatus 3, a grain tank 6 to temporarily store the grains threshed and graded by the threshing apparatus 3 is placed at the right side of the threshing apparatus 3, and an operation part 7 is placed in front of the grain tank 6. Each of the maximum allowable load and the present load of the engine, the maximum allowable load and the present load of the traveling apparatus 1, the maximum allowable load and the present load of the threshing apparatus 3 and the maximum allowable load and the present load of the reaping apparatus 5 are displayed side-by-side. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  This invention relates to the load display which acts on a combine in the combine which is an agricultural machine.

The conventional combine is the structure which displays only the present load of each part of an engine, a travel device, a threshing device, and a reaping device.
JP 11-46562 A

  Since the conventional configuration described above is a configuration that displays only the current load of the combine engine, traveling device, threshing device, and reaping device, the operator cannot perform a comparison with the maximum allowable load. Has the disadvantage that it does not improve.

  The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following configuration.

  That is, in invention of Claim 1, it has the threshing apparatus 3 above the chassis 2 which has the traveling apparatus 1, and in the front of this threshing apparatus 3, it is the several raise which causes the multi-row planted grain culm A device 4 and a reaping device 5 for harvesting and transporting the culm caused by the pulling device 4 toward the rear threshing device 3 are provided, and on the right side of the threshing device 3, the grain threshed and selected by the threshing device 3 Is provided with a Glen tank 6 that temporarily stores the engine, and in the combine provided with an operation unit 7 in front of the Glen tank 6, the maximum allowable load and current load of the engine, the maximum allowable load and current load of the traveling device 1, and the threshing device 3 The maximum allowable load and the current load, and the maximum allowable load and the current load of the reaping device 5 are displayed side by side.

  To explain the operation of claim 1, the maximum allowable load and current load of the combine engine, the maximum allowable load and current load of the traveling device 1, the maximum allowable load and current load of the threshing device 3, and the maximum allowable load of the reaping device 5 are described. And the current load are displayed side by side.

  In the invention of claim 2, the maximum allowable load and current load of the engine, the maximum allowable load and current load of the traveling device 1, the maximum allowable load and current load of the threshing device 3, the maximum allowable load and current load of the reaping device 5 The combine according to claim 1, wherein the combine is configured to always display on the monitor 60.

  In order to explain the operation of claim 2, in addition to the operation of claim 1, the maximum allowable load and current load of the engine, the maximum allowable load and current load of the traveling device 1, the maximum allowable load and current load of the threshing device 3, and reaping The monitor 60 always displays the maximum allowable load and the current load of the device 5.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, the power of the engine is input to the hydraulic continuously variable transmission 27, and the traveling device 1 and the reaping device 5 are driven via the hydraulic continuously variable transmission 27, and the hydraulic pressure is increased. The combine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a value obtained by subtracting the current load of the reaping device 5 from the current load of the continuously variable transmission 27 is used as the current load of the traveling device 1. It is a thing.

  In order to explain the operation of the third aspect, in addition to the operation of the first or second aspect, the value obtained by subtracting the current load of the reaping device 5 from the current load of the hydraulic continuously variable transmission 27 is obtained as the current load of the traveling device 1. And

  In the invention of claim 1, the maximum allowable load and current load of the combine engine, the maximum allowable load and current load of the traveling device 1, the maximum allowable load and current load of the threshing device 3, the maximum allowable load and current status of the reaping device 5 Since the loads are displayed side by side, it is easy to compare the maximum allowable load and the current load, and it is possible to prevent erroneous operations and improve work efficiency.

  In the invention of claim 2, in addition to the effect of claim 1, the maximum allowable load and current load of the engine, the maximum allowable load and current load of the traveling device 1, the maximum allowable load and current load of the threshing device 3, and the reaping device 5 Since the display is always made on the monitor 60 at the maximum allowable load and the current load, switching of the display becomes unnecessary.

  In the invention according to claim 3, in addition to the effect of claim 1 or claim 2, a value obtained by subtracting the current load of the reaping device 5 from the current load of the hydraulic continuously variable transmission 27 is set as the current load of the traveling device 1. Therefore, the load detection of the traveling apparatus 1 becomes easy.

  1 and 2 show a combine that is an agricultural machine that embodies an embodiment of the present invention.

  A cutting device 5 is provided in front of the chassis 2 having the traveling device 1. The cutting device 5 includes a weeding tool 11 for weeding the planted cereal, a pulling device 4 for causing the planted cereal, a cutting blade 13 for cutting the planted cereal, and a cutting blade 13 for cutting. A stock transportation device 14 is provided for sandwiching the cereal grains and transporting them backward. Behind the stock transport device 14, a supply transport device 15 is provided that takes over and transports the cereal straw transported from the stock transport device 14.

  The reaping device 5 is supported by a reaping device support frame 17 that moves up and down about a fulcrum above the traveling transmission device 16 at a substantially right and left intermediate portion thereof, and the reaping device 5 together with the reaping device support frame 17 is supported. It is the structure which moves up and down.

  Above the chassis 2, the threshing device 3 having a feed chain 18 that takes over and transports the cereals conveyed from the supply and conveyance device 15, and the right side of the threshing device 3, the threshing device 3 A grain tank 6 that temporarily stores the grain that has been threshed and an operation unit 7 that is positioned in front of the grain tank 6 and that performs various operations of the combine are placed.

  Behind the threshing device 3 is a waste chain 12 that takes over and transports the waste conveyed from the feed chain 18, and a cutter device 19 that cuts the waste is located below the end of the waste chain 12. Is provided. Moreover, you may mount | wear with other working machines, such as a knotter which binds a waste, behind the cutter apparatus 19 of this Example.

  When the amount of grain in the Glen tank 6 is full, the grain is discharged from the milled cylinder 20 and the grain discharge auger 21 to the outside of the machine. The whipping cylinder 20 is configured to be turnable by an electric motor (not shown), and is configured to be moved up and down by a grain discharge auger 21 hydraulic cylinder 22. And since the grain discharge auger 21 is connected with the upper part of the whipping cylinder 20, and is an integral structure, when the whipping cylinder 20 turns, the grain discharge auger 21 also turns together.

  When the harvesting operation is performed by advancing such a combine, the cereal buds planted in the field scene are weeded by the weeding tool 11 and then caused by the pulling device 4 to the cutting blade 13. Mowed. Thereafter, the stock is transported rearward by the stock transporting device 14 and transferred to the supply transporting device 15. The cereal grains handed over to the supply and transport device 15 are further transported backward. Then, the threshing device 16 is handed over to the feed chain 18, and the cereal straw is sorted by the threshing device 3 while being conveyed backward by the feed chain 18.

  The grains thus threshed and sorted are transported from the first whipping cylinder 23 into the Glen tank 6 and temporarily stored. When the amount of grain stored in the Glen tank 6 is full, the operator is notified by the notification means (buzzer or display device) of the operation unit 7. Then, the operator interrupts the cutting operation and starts the operation of discharging the grains in the Glen tank 6 to the outside of the machine. The combine is moved to an arbitrary position (position near the truck), the grain discharge auger 21 is detached from the auger receiver 24, and the grain discharge port 21a is moved to a position such as a truck bed. And the grain discharge lever 25 provided in the operation part 7 is made into an entry state, and the grain in the glen tank 6 is discharged | emitted outside the apparatus. When the grain discharge in the grain tank 6 is finished, the grain discharge auger 21 is stored in the auger receiver 24 again.

  A detailed configuration of the traveling transmission device 16 will be described with reference to FIG. A pulley 26b, a pulley 26c, and a pulley 26d are attached to the output shaft 26a of the engine 26. When the pulley 26b is driven to rotate and the clutch is engaged, the lower spiral (not shown) in the Glen tank 6 is driven, and the grain is removed from the grain outlet 21a of the grain outlet auger 21 to the outside of the machine. It is the composition which is discharged. The threshing device 3 is driven when the pulley 26d rotates and the threshing clutch 26g (belt tension clutch) is engaged. The pulley 26 c is a pulley that drives the traveling transmission device 16.

  The threshing device 3 is driven from the pulley 26d through the belt 26e, the pulley 26f, and the shaft 26h. The threshing load sensor detects the load of the shaft 26h driven from the pulley 26f, that is, the load of the threshing device. 3a is provided.

  Power is transmitted from the pulley 26 c to the input shaft 30 of the variable hydraulic pump 27 a of the hydraulic continuously variable transmission 27 through the belt 28 and the pulley 29. By changing the inclination angle of the swash plate of the variable hydraulic pump 27a, the oil supply amount and oil supply direction to the fixed hydraulic motor 27b are changed, and the rotation speed and rotation direction of the output shaft 31 are changed. Reference numeral 32 denotes a fan fixed to the input shaft 30, and the wind generated by the fan 33 is blown toward the hydraulic continuously variable transmission 27 to cool the hydraulic continuously variable transmission 27.

  A cutting travel load sensor 27c that detects the load of the input shaft 30, that is, the total load of the traveling device 1 and the cutting device 5, is provided.

  The power of the output shaft 31 is decelerated through the gear 34, the gear 35, the gear 36, and the gear 37 in the bypass transmission case 33, and is transmitted to the input shaft 38 of the traveling transmission device 16. The input shaft 38 is provided with a moving body 39 having a gear 40 and a gear 41, and the moving body 39 moves in the longitudinal direction of the shaft 38. The gear 41 has a claw portion 49b, and the gear 42 also has a claw portion 49a. The input shaft 38 is provided with a gear 38 that does not move in the longitudinal direction. Reference numeral 43 denotes a pulley that transmits power to the reaping device 5 and is fixed to the input shaft 38.

  The shaft 36 a that supports the gear 35 and the gear 36 is configured to drive the reaping device 5. And it is set as the structure provided with the cutting device load sensor 5a which detects the load of the axis | shaft 36a, ie, the load of the cutting device 5. FIG.

  A shaft 44 is provided on the lower side of the input shaft 38, and a gear 45, a gear 46, a gear 47, and a gear 48 are fixedly provided on the shaft 44. When the moving body 39 moves and the claw portion 49b of the gear 41 and the claw portion 49a of the gear 42 mesh with each other, the power of the input shaft 38 is shifted at a low speed by the gear 42 and the gear 45 and transmitted to the shaft 44. . When the moving body 39 moves and the gear 41 and the gear 47 mesh with each other, the power of the input shaft 38 is shifted at a medium speed by the gear 41 and the gear 47 and transmitted to the shaft 44. Further, when the moving body 39 moves and the gear 40 and the gear 48 mesh with each other, the power of the input shaft 38 is shifted at a high speed by the gear 40 and the gear 48 and transmitted to the shaft 44.

  Thus, the rotational power transmitted to the shaft 44 is transmitted from the gear 46 fixed to the shaft 44 to the center gear 50 loosely fitted to the lower side clutch shaft 49. Since the lower side of the side clutch shaft 49 is bilaterally symmetric, the right side path will be described. A right moving body 51R is provided on the side clutch shaft 49 so as to be movable in the longitudinal direction. In a state in which the right moving body 51R is connected to the center gear 50, the power of the center gear 50 travels to the right side via a gear 54R fixed to the right traveling shaft 53R from the gear 52R formed on the right moving body 51R. The shaft 53R is rotationally driven. 55L and 55R are brakes provided at both ends of the side clutch shaft 49.

  The left path on the lower side of the side clutch shaft 49 indicates that the straight traveling state is cut off, the brake is applied to the left traveling shaft 53L, and the combine is turning the brake leftward. That is, the left moving body 51L is disconnected from the center gear 50, and the left moving body 51L moves to the left and presses the left brake 55L to stop the rotation of the left traveling shaft 53L. is there.

  Next, FIG. 4 will be described.

  Reference numeral 8 denotes a steering operation tool (hereinafter referred to as a power steering lever) provided in the operation unit 7. The power steering lever 8 is provided upright at the right end of the front panel 56 of the operation unit 7. When the power steering lever 8 is tilted backward, the cutting device 5 is raised, and when the power steering lever 8 is tilted forward, the cutting device 5 is lowered. Further, when the power steering lever 8 is tilted to the left, the connection state between the left moving body 51L and the center gear 50 is disconnected, and the left brake 55L is activated to turn the combine to the left. Then, when the power steering lever 8 is tilted to the right, the connection state between the right moving body 51R and the center gear 50 is disconnected, and the right brake 55R is activated to turn the combine to the right.

  Further, the left panel 57 of the operation unit 7 is provided with a travel speed change lever 58 that changes the forward and backward of the combine and the vehicle speed. When the travel speed change lever 58 is moved forward, the swash plate of the hydraulic motor 27a of the hydraulic continuously variable transmission 27 tilts to the forward rotation side, the combine moves forward, and when the travel speed change lever 58 is moved rearward, the hydraulic pressure is increased. In this configuration, the swash plate of the hydraulic motor 27a of the continuously variable transmission 27 tilts backward and the combine moves backward. Further, the vehicle speed in the forward direction and the vehicle speed in the reverse direction of the combine are determined by the amount of movement of the travel speed change lever 58.

  A display monitor 59 is provided on the left side of the power steering lever 8. The display monitor 59 is provided with an engine tachometer, a warning light, a liquid crystal monitor for displaying various information about the combine, and the like.

  On the other hand, a load monitor 60 for displaying the load state of the combine is provided separately from the display monitor 59. FIG. 5 shows a detailed configuration of the load monitor 60.

  The engine load 61, the traveling load 62, the threshing load 63, and the cutting load 64 are displayed in order from the top. The engine load 61 is the maximum load 61a and the current load 61b, the travel load 62 is the maximum load 62a and the current load 62b, the threshing load 63 is the maximum load 63a and the current load 63b, and the cutting load 64 is the maximum load 64a and the current load. 64b is displayed. The maximum load is an allowable maximum load, and the current load is a current load during work.

  The current load 61b of the engine displays a value detected by the engine load sensor provided in the engine 26, and the current load 62b of the travel indicates a value obtained by subtracting the detected value of the reaping device load sensor 5a from the detected value of the reaping travel load sensor 27c. It is a configuration to display. The current threshing load 63b displays the detection value of the threshing load sensor 3a described above, and the current ripening load 64b displays the detection value of the reaping device load sensor 5a described above.

  Thus, by displaying the maximum allowable load and the current load for each block, the operator can finely monitor the load factor of the combine. For example, in a wet material or lodging work, a large load is applied to the threshing device 3 and the load on the traveling device 1 is reduced. In such a situation, the engine horsepower is sufficient, but the load on the threshing device 3 is limited. If it exceeds, it will occur. If there is a surplus in engine horsepower, the vehicle speed is increased. As a result, the threshing device 3 may be clogged or damaged. However, since the current load 63b of the threshing device 3 is displayed as described above, an operation for increasing the vehicle speed can be prevented, and the occurrence of a malfunction of the threshing device 3 can also be prevented. Further, as described above, the maximum load and the current load are displayed side by side, so that the current load with respect to the maximum load can be easily recognized.

  Further, when the engine current load 61b, the traveling load 62b, the threshing load 63b, and the cutting load 64b are close to the maximum allowable load, the operator is alerted by voice, alarm sound, monitor display, or the like. Further, when the engine current load 61b, the running load 62b, the threshing load 63b, and the cutting load 64b each exceed the maximum allowable load, the operator is warned by voice, alarm sound, monitor display, or the like. Thereby, trouble of each block can be prevented beforehand.

  Moreover, about the said engine present load 61b, the driving | running | working load 62b, the threshing load 63b, and the cutting load 64b, a normal state (state with a light load) displays in green. When the maximum allowable load is approached, it is displayed in yellow, and when it exceeds the maximum allowable load, it is displayed in red (FIG. 6). As a result, the operator can more easily recognize the current load state.

  The pressure and input rotational speed of the hydraulic continuously variable transmission 27 are measured to calculate the input horsepower of the hydraulic continuously variable transmission 27. A value obtained by subtracting the input horsepower of the hydraulic continuously variable transmission 27 calculated from the engine horsepower may be displayed on the threshing load 63b as the input horsepower (current load) of the threshing device 3. Thereby, since the threshing load 63b can be calculated easily, it becomes an inexpensive structure.

  Next, FIGS. 7 and 8 will be described.

  The grain stored in the grain tank 6 of the combine is discharged from the grain discharge port 21a of the grain discharge auger 21 to the outside of the machine. At this time, the amount of the grain discharged to the outside of the machine (harvest The grain flow rate) is measured by the accumulated time of the engagement state of the discharge clutch that drives the lower spiral in the Glen tank 6. In this case, the discharge amount per unit time is changed according to the remaining amount of grains in the grain tank 6. This is because the larger the remaining amount in the Glen tank 6, the more the pressure of the grains acting on the lower helix is different, and the higher the pressure is, the larger the amount of the grain conveyed in the lower helix.

  In order to detect the grain residual amount in the grain tank 6, a plurality of grain detection sensors 65 are provided in the vertical direction inside the grain tank 6 as shown in FIG. In this embodiment, two grain sensors 65b and 65c are provided between the full sensor 65d and the lower limit sensor 65a. Of course, the larger the number of grain detection sensors 65, the more accurate detection can be performed.

  FIG. 8 shows a graph of the grain flow discharged per unit time. Thereby, the amount of harvested grains can be measured more accurately. Thus, when the harvested grain flow rate is measured, the yield can be adjusted according to the capacity of the dryer, which is the next process. And it becomes possible to prevent problems such as excessive harvesting beyond the capacity of the dryer. FIG. 9 shows this flowchart.

  Further, instead of the plurality of grain detection sensors 65 in the Glen tank 6, the engine speed and the rotation speed of the transport spiral drive system (arbitrary position) for driving the lower spiral in the Glen tank 6 and its time May be configured to change the discharge amount per unit time. This relationship diagram is shown in FIG. In other words, since the discharge flow rate of the discharged grain changes depending on the rotational speed of the spiral portion, the amount of discharge per unit time can be changed by detecting the rotational speed of the engine and the rotational speed of the conveying spiral drive system. It becomes possible to detect a highly accurate grain flow rate.

Combine left side view Combine right side view Transmission diagram Perspective view of the operation unit Top view of the monitor Top view of the monitor Cross section Relationship diagram Flow chart Relationship diagram

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Traveling device 2 Chassis 3 Threshing device 4 Pulling device 5 Harvesting device 6 Glen tank 7 Operation part 27 Hydraulic continuously variable transmission 60 Monitor

Claims (3)

A threshing device 3 is provided above the chassis 2 having the traveling device 1, and a plurality of pulling devices 4 that cause multiple rows of planted cereals are disposed in front of the threshing device 3, and the pulling devices 4 cause the threshing device 3. A reaping device 5 is provided for harvesting and transporting the cereal culm toward the rear threshing device 3, and a right side of the threshing device 3 is provided with a Glen tank 6 for temporarily storing the grains threshed and sorted by the threshing device 3, In a combine provided with an operation unit 7 in front of the Glen tank 6, the maximum allowable load and current load of the engine, the maximum allowable load and current load of the traveling device 1, the maximum allowable load and current load of the threshing device 3, and a reaping device The combine that is configured to display the maximum allowable load of 5 and the current load side by side. The monitor 60 always displays the maximum allowable load and current load of the engine, the maximum allowable load and current load of the traveling device 1, the maximum allowable load and current load of the threshing device 3, and the maximum allowable load and current load of the reaping device 5. The combine according to claim 1, which is configured as described above. The engine power is input to the hydraulic continuously variable transmission 27, and the traveling device 1 and the reaping device 5 are driven via the hydraulic continuously variable transmission 27, and the current load of the hydraulic continuously variable transmission 27 is set. The combine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a value obtained by subtracting the current load of the cutting device 5 from the current load of the traveling device 1 is configured.

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