JP2005186558A - 熱硬化複合材料の成形方法及び装置 - Google Patents
熱硬化複合材料の成形方法及び装置 Download PDFInfo
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- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 27
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims description 25
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002313 adhesive film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002250 progressing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012783 reinforcing fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
- B29C43/32—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C43/52—Heating or cooling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
- B29C70/50—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of indefinite length, e.g. prepregs, sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or cross moulding compounds [XMC]
- B29C70/52—Pultrusion, i.e. forming and compressing by continuously pulling through a die
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
- B29D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- B29D99/0003—Producing profiled members, e.g. beams
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
- B29C43/32—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C43/58—Measuring, controlling or regulating
- B29C2043/5816—Measuring, controlling or regulating temperature
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C66/524—Joining profiled elements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/50—General aspects of joining tubular articles; General aspects of joining long products, i.e. bars or profiled elements; General aspects of joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; General aspects of joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
- B29C66/51—Joining tubular articles, profiled elements or bars; Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars; Joining several hollow-preforms to form hollow or tubular articles
- B29C66/53—Joining single elements to tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
- B29C66/532—Joining single elements to the wall of tubular articles, hollow articles or bars
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
- B29C66/7212—Fibre-reinforced materials characterised by the composition of the fibres
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/737—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/7375—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined uncured, partially cured or fully cured
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- B29C66/73754—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the state of the material of the parts to be joined uncured, partially cured or fully cured the to-be-joined area of at least one of the parts to be joined being partially cured, i.e. partially cross-linked, partially vulcanized the to-be-joined areas of both parts to be joined being partially cured
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/7394—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoset
- B29C66/73941—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoset characterised by the materials of both parts being thermosets
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- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
- B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
- B29K2105/08—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts of continuous length, e.g. cords, rovings, mats, fabrics, strands or yarns
- B29K2105/0854—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts of continuous length, e.g. cords, rovings, mats, fabrics, strands or yarns in the form of a non-woven mat
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T50/00—Aeronautics or air transport
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Abstract
【解決手段】 プリプレグシート100をL字形に賦形し、加熱プレス部210、冷却プレス部220を通ってL字形に予備成形されたチャンネル材120を成形する。予備成形の硬化率は、30%〜60%とする。予備成形品120を2次成形装置300で曲率半径R1を有する曲線部材に成形し、切断してチャンネル材30を得る。硬化率は60%〜80%とする。このチャンネル材30を板材の補強材としてオートクレーブ内で完全硬化させて、製品を成形する。
【選択図】 図2
Description
この方法で例えば主翼を生産する場合、以下の方法が考えられる。
1. すべてプリプレグを積層し、一体成形する。
2. 桁材をあらかじめ成形し、接着フィルムを介してスキン層となるプリプレグと一体成形する。
3. 桁材をあらかじめ予備成形(完全に硬化させない)し、スキン層となるプリプレグと一体成形する。
(1)赤外線ヒーターもしくはオーブンにより、一部もしくは全部を所定時間一定温度に加熱した予備成形品を、一定の温度に加熱されたホットプレスに置き、加圧する。所定時間経過後、賦形された予備成形品を取り出す。
(2)プレス装置内に加熱部と冷却部を備え、予備成形品を徐々に移動しながら加圧することにより変形する。
F=〔(B−A)/B〕×100(%)
で規定されるものである。
製品10は、例えば、航空機用の構造部材であって、熱硬化複合材料製の板材20の内側に補強用の熱硬化複合材料製のチャンネル材30が一体に接合された構造を有する。
そして、この製品は、湾曲面を有し、航空機の外板等として使用される。
本発明では、この曲率を有するチャンネル材を予め成形する方法及び装置を提供する。
図の(a)は、熱硬化複合材料の1次成形工程を示す。帯状のプリプレグ材100をプリプレグロール200から引き出して、必要な枚数積層する。積層されたプリプレグシートを加熱プレス部210で、L字形のシートに成形する。成形されたシートを冷却部220で冷却して熱硬化の進行を停止させる。この一連の成形は、プーラー230を矢印P方向に往復動させてプリプレグシート全体を段階的に移動させながら行う。
この1次成形された予備成形品の硬化率は、40%〜60%とした。
また、ホットプレス部の金型温度は170℃とした。
長尺のチャンネル材120は、2次成形装置300で曲率半径R1を有するように湾曲成形される。曲率半径R1は、例えば3mといった大きな半径を有する。
2次成形装置300は、加熱プレス部310と冷却プレス部320を有し、直線状のチャンネル材120を円弧状に連続成形する。連続成形されたチャンネル材は、切断手段C2により所定の長さに切断され、製品10の補強用のL字形チャンネル材30を得ることができる。
必要に応じて、L字形チャンネル材30は、冷凍庫260に保管される。成形品であるL字形チャンネル材30の硬化率は60%〜80%とした。
全体を符号300で示す2次成形装置は、フレーム302内に装備される加熱プレス部310と、冷却プレス部320を有する。
加熱プレス部310の可動金型312と固定金型314は、電熱等の加熱手段を有し、供給される1次成形チャンネル材120に加熱、加圧を加えて成形を行う。
冷却プレス部320の可動金型322と固定金型324は、冷却手段を有し、成形されたチャンネル材を冷却して、熱硬化の進行を停止させる。
2次成形装置300のフレーム302の下部には、カムプレート360が取付けられており、カムプレート360は、複数のローラー362で支持されている。
金型の送り装置370のシリンダ372は、矢印S方向に駆動されるロッド374を有し、ロッド374の先端はユニバーサルデコイント376を介してカムプレート360に連結されている。
加熱プレス部310と冷却プレス部320の金型を開いた状態で送り装置370のロッド374を元位置に引き戻す。
すなわち、カムプレート360のカムプロファイル360aは、2次成形するL字形のチャンネル材の曲率と同じ曲率を有する。
上述した工程を繰り返して、2次成形品を製造する。
本実施例にあっては、曲率半径は3m、ホットプレス部の金型温度は160℃〜180℃とした。
熱硬化が完了する前の製品10を型部材400上に密着させる手段としては、全体を機密生の高いバッグの内に収容し、バッグ内を負圧にして、製品10を型部材400に密着させる手段や、製品10をプレス手段により型部材400上に密着させる等の手段が採用できる。
20 板材
30 チャンネル材
100 プリプレグシート
110 賦形材
120 L字形チャンネルの予備成形品
210 加熱プレス部
220 冷却プレス部
250 冷凍庫
300 2次成形装置
302 フレーム
310 加熱プレス部
320 冷却プレス部
360 カムプレート
370 送り装置
400 型部材
Claims (6)
- 炭素繊維やガラス繊維に熱硬化性樹脂を含浸して半硬化状態にしたプリプレグ材の成形方法であって、
シート状のプリプレグ材を連続的に積層し、賦形する工程と、
賦形されたプリプレグ材を金型内で一定時間加熱加圧して、プリプレグ材の硬化率を制御しつつ直線状の予備成形品を成形する工程を備える熱硬化複合材料の成形方法。 - 請求項1で得られた予備成形品を所定長さに切断する工程と、
所定長さに切断された予備成形品を、ホットプレスにより硬化率を制御しつつ部分的又は全体を変形させる工程を備える熱硬化複合材料の成形方法。 - 請求項2で得られた成形品と、プリプレグ材のシート材を接合して曲面を有する製品を成形する熱硬化複合材料の成形方法。
- 請求項1の硬化率は30%〜60%である熱硬化複合材料の成形方法。
- 請求項2の硬化率は60%〜80%である熱硬化複合材料の成形方法。
- 直線状に成形されたプリプレグ材の予備成形品を曲線状に成形する熱硬化複合材料の成形装置であって、曲率を有する金型を有する加熱プレス部と、加熱プレス部の直後に配設される曲率を有する金型を有する冷却プレス部と、金型を曲率に沿って送る送り装置と、
を備える熱硬化複合材料の成形装置。
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US11/010,388 US20050140045A1 (en) | 2003-12-26 | 2004-12-14 | Method and apparatus for molding thermosetting composite material |
US12/216,831 US20080277071A1 (en) | 2003-12-26 | 2008-07-11 | Method and apparatus for molding thermosetting composite material |
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