JP2004350678A - Culture medium for mushroom, method for producing culture medium for mushroom and method for culturing mushroom - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a culture medium for mushroom or the like capable of securing foods, reducing stockyards while realizing conservation of natural environment, and re-use of cowcake. <P>SOLUTION: The culture medium for mushroom comprises a base containing cowcake. The cowcake is exothermic caused by primary fermentation and is uncompleted composting cowcake. The uncompleted composting cowcake can be still at a temperature lower than the highest temperature in the primary fermentation. The cowcake optionally has temperature higher than ambient temperature after reaching to the highest temperature of the primary fermentation. The culture medium for mushroom optionally comprises the base and a nutrient comprising integrally mixed bran or the like with the base. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2005,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a mushroom cultivation medium, a method for producing a mushroom cultivation medium, and a mushroom cultivation method.

  A general mushroom cultivation medium is composed of a base material made of sawdust such as cedar which is produced as a by-product when cutting down a forest, and nutrients such as bran and rice bran mixed with the base material. When cultivating mushrooms using this mushroom cultivation medium, first fill the mushroom cultivation bottle with the mushroom cultivation medium to a certain height, and cover the opening of the mushroom cultivation bottle with a structure capable of securing ventilation. Thereafter, sterilization is performed in an autoclave. Then, after allowing to cool, the lid is opened, the seed fungus to be cultivated is inoculated into the mushroom cultivation medium from the opening, and the lid is closed again. Next, the mushroom cultivation bottle with the lid is placed in the culture room, and the temperature, humidity, and the like in the culture room are controlled so as to provide an optimal environment for culturing the mycelium, and the mycelium is sufficiently grown on the mushroom cultivation medium. After that, the lid is opened, and an operation called “bacterial scraping” for shaving the upper surface of the mushroom cultivation medium is performed. This fungus shaking is an operation performed to prevent the growth of fruiting bodies from becoming uneven and the growth direction from becoming uneven. After completion of the fungus removal, the bacteria are placed in a growth room, and the temperature, humidity, and the like in the growth room are controlled so as to provide an optimum environment for growing the fruiting body. Thereby, fruiting bodies grow on the mushroom cultivation medium, and they protrude outside the opening and are harvested after growing. Thus, by appropriately controlling the temperature and humidity of the culture room or the growth room, the components of the mushroom cultivation medium, the moisture, and the like, it is possible to grow mushrooms without being affected by natural weather.

  However, in recent years, since the use of sawdust has increased due to mushroom cultivation and the like, the demand for sawdust alone as a by-product cannot be satisfied, and the production of sawdust is not possible. It is becoming a situation where only the deforestation is done. This would result in destruction of the natural environment, and in recent years, interest in the environment has led to restrictions on deforestation, making it difficult to obtain large quantities of sawdust.

  On the other hand, dairy farms produce a large amount of cow dung every day, which makes it difficult to dispose of. In other words, cow dung is stored in a hole dug on the ground or piled on the ground, fermented by aerobic microorganisms, and fertilized on farmland if it is composted and completely composted. It is possible. However, since the amount of cow dung produced is enormous, its value is not significantly increased even if it is composted cow dung. In addition, the composting takes several months, which makes the operation cumbersome and requires a large stock yard for composting cow dung during that period. However, it is difficult to secure land, and the odor problem has a great effect on local residents and the surrounding environment. In particular, in recent years, laws and regulations on livestock manure disposal are being implemented, and other active utilization of cow manure is necessary.

  For this reason, as described in Patent Document 1, it is conceivable to use a mushroom cultivation medium using cow dung as a base material instead of sawdust. This mushroom cultivation medium is obtained as follows. First, at a dairy farm, cow dung excreted from breeding cows is collected together with the sawdust used for fermentation, and this is mixed with a chemical fertilizer or the like to form a mixture. Then, the cow dung in this mixture is completely composted for several weeks to several months to obtain composted cow dung. Thus, a mushroom cultivation medium for growing mushrooms is obtained. According to this mushroom cultivation medium, edible mushrooms can be cultivated by using cow dung instead of sawdust. Can be realized.

JP-A-60-58018

  However, the mushroom cultivation medium described in the above publication is a composted cow dung in which the cow dung to be replaced with sawdust is completely composted for several weeks to several months. For this reason, the value of cattle dung is not only applied to agricultural land but also to mushroom cultivation, but the time required to obtain composted cow dung is long, so the size of the stockyard has to be increased. The problem remains.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described conventional circumstances, and it is possible to secure food and reduce the number of stock yards while realizing conservation of the natural environment and reuse of cow dung. It is an issue to be solved to provide a mushroom cultivation medium and the like.

  The inventors have conducted intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, and confirmed that cow dung was composted by primary fermentation and secondary fermentation, hardly decomposable substances such as fibers were decomposed, and organic components were mineralized. . The present inventors have found that mushrooms can be cultivated even with non-composted cow dung that is generating heat due to primary fermentation, thereby completing the present invention.

  That is, the mushroom cultivation medium of the present invention is characterized in that, in the mushroom cultivation medium having a base material containing cow dung, the cow dung is a non-composted cow dung exothermic due to primary fermentation.

  According to the test results of the inventors, the cow dung as the base material generates heat by primary fermentation and does not generate heat by secondary fermentation. The cow dung can grow a large amount of mushrooms even if the dung is not composted due to the primary fermentation. Rather, uncomposted cow dung can grow a larger amount of mushrooms than composted cow dung. This is because mushrooms are heterotrophic organisms that are different from autotrophic organisms that perform photosynthesis such as plants, and composted cow dung is reduced in organic matter such as sugars required by mushrooms by composting. Conceivable. It is considered that low-molecular compounds contained in cow dung, which are not preferable for the growth of fungi, are decomposed in the primary fermentation, and the primary fermentation is completed, which is preferable for the growth of the fungi. Since uncomposted cow dung during primary fermentation has such compounds gradually decreasing, it is thought that mushrooms, a kind of fungi, will grow ahead of other fungi as the compounds decrease. It is. The uncomposted cow dung still has an ammonia odor.

  Thus, the mushroom cultivation medium of the present invention can cultivate edible mushrooms by using cow dung instead of sawdust, so that food can be ensured, the natural environment is preserved, and cow dung that is in trouble at disposal on dairy farms is re-used. Use can be realized. In addition, this mushroom cultivation medium is such that cattle dung is uncomposted cow dung, and since this uncomposted cow dung is obtained within a few days after its production, there is no need to store cow dung excreted from cattle for a long period of time. Can be greatly reduced, and since the fermentation period is short, a closed treatment in the apparatus becomes possible, and the generation of offensive odor can be minimized. For this reason, if the processing is performed during the transportation of cow dung, the stock yard can be made unnecessary.

  Therefore, according to the mushroom cultivation medium of the present invention, it is possible to secure food and reduce the number of stockyards while realizing conservation of the natural environment and reuse of cow dung.

  The present inventors have confirmed eryngii as a mushroom that can be grown on the mushroom cultivation medium of the present invention. Since eryngii is not always easy to grow, it is considered that oyster mushroom, Kazuno Reishi, Yamabushitake, Agaricus, etc. can also grow.

  According to the test results of the inventors, uncomposted cow dung whose temperature is still lower than the maximum temperature of primary fermentation is suitable for mushroom cultivation. Cow dung can reach up to a maximum temperature of about 80 ° C. by primary fermentation, and mushrooms can be grown in large quantities with uncomposted cow dung that has not yet reached the maximum temperature of primary fermentation. Even in the case of uncomposted cow dung before reaching the maximum temperature of primary fermentation, low-molecular compounds that are not favorable for fungal growth no longer have a negative effect on mushroom growth, and mushrooms are ahead of other fungi. It is thought to grow. The inventors have confirmed that the mushroom cultivation medium using such uncomposted cow dung can increase the yield and the number of mushrooms harvested.

  According to the test results of the inventors, uncomposted cow dung, which has not reached the maximum temperature after the temperature reaches the maximum temperature of the primary fermentation, is also suitable for mushroom cultivation. Uncomposted cow dung at this stage, after reaching the maximum temperature of the primary fermentation, it is considered that low-molecular compounds that are unfavorable for the growth of fungi are further decomposed, and as a medium for mushrooms, It is considered suitable. The inventors have confirmed that the mushroom cultivation medium using such uncomposted cow dung can increase the yield and the number of mushrooms harvested. In addition, the inventors found that if the temperature dropped to the temperature and the secondary fermentation was progressing, or if the composting-completed cow dung that the secondary fermentation was considered to be completed was used as a mushroom culture medium, malformed mushrooms were produced. It was also confirmed that it was easy.

  The mushroom cultivation medium of the present invention is not necessarily required to have nutrients, since organic components contained in cow dung are considered to act as nutrients. It can also consist of As the nutrient, conventional or known nutrients such as sugars such as bran, rice bran, starch, and corn, proteins such as okara, gluten, soybean powder, and minerals such as calcium and manganese can be used.

  In the mushroom cultivation medium of the present invention, the substrate can also contain sawdust, rice straw, rice hulls, pruned branches, wood chips, beads and other auxiliary materials. If these sub-materials are used for primary fermentation, the sub-materials secure voids in the cow dung to allow aerobic microorganisms to proliferate, thereby promoting primary fermentation of the cow dung. If pruned branches and wood chips are used as secondary materials, there is no need to incinerate them generated in orchards and wood factories. In addition, as the beads, it is possible to use ceramic beads such as waste materials of tiles and sanitary ware, as well as resin beads such as waste materials of plastic products. More preferably, these beads are porous.

  The production method of the present invention provides a base material containing at least cow dung, and a fermentation step using the base material as a base material by making the cow dung a non-composted cow dung that has been heated by primary fermentation. And a completion step of obtaining a mushroom culture medium having the substrate.

  In the production method of the present invention, in the fermentation step, first, a base material containing at least cow dung is prepared. Then, the cow dung is used as the uncomposted cow dung during the heat generation due to the primary fermentation, and the base material is used as the base material. Thereafter, in the completion step, a mushroom cultivation medium having at least a substrate is obtained. Thus, the mushroom cultivation medium of the present invention is produced.

  The completion step can include a nutrient mixing step of integrally mixing nutrients with the base material to form a mushroom cultivation medium.

  According to the test results of the inventors, when the base material contains the auxiliary material used for the primary fermentation, the fermentation step is preferably performed until the temperature becomes equal to or lower than the maximum temperature. Since the fermentation is promoted if the base material contains secondary materials used for the primary fermentation, low-molecular compounds that are unfavorable for fungal growth are likely to be decomposed by the fermentation process until the temperature reaches the maximum temperature or less. . If the uncomposted cow dung thus obtained is used as a base material for a mushroom cultivation medium, the yield of mushrooms and the number of harvested mushrooms can be increased.

  Further, according to the test results of the inventors, when the base material contains the auxiliary material used for the primary fermentation, it is also preferable to perform the fermentation step after the temperature reaches the maximum temperature, while not lowering to the temperature. By the fermentation process during which the temperature reaches the maximum temperature and does not decrease to the temperature, it is easy to suppress the propagation of other fungi other than the mushrooms which are dominant at the outside temperature. When the uncomposted cow dung thus obtained is used as a base material for a mushroom cultivation medium, it is possible to increase the amount of mushrooms to be harvested and the number of mushrooms to be harvested, and it is easy to harvest mushrooms of good shape.

  The mushroom cultivation method of the present invention is characterized in that mushrooms are cultivated using the above-described mushroom cultivation medium. After cultivating mushrooms by this mushroom cultivation method, the mushroom cultivation medium is used as a waste bacterial bed. The waste bacterial bed can be collected and used as composting material or agricultural fertilizer.

  Hereinafter, Examples 1 to 3 that embody the present invention will be described.

In the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, cow dung 12 excreted from cattle is immediately collected at a dairy farm 10. Cow dung 12 has a water content of 88.44% and a bulk specific gravity of 1.2 g / cm ³ . A cedar sawdust 14 as an auxiliary material is mixed with the collected cow dung 12 to obtain a base material. Sawdust 14 has a water content of 5.86% and a bulk specific gravity of 0.2 g / cm ³ . At this time, the mass ratio of the cow dung 12 to the sawdust 14 is 3: 1. This base material is transported to a mushroom cultivation medium production plant 20. In addition, the place where the base material is prepared by mixing the cow dung 12 with the sawdust 14 is not only the dairy farm 10, but also the transfer between the mushroom cultivation medium production plant 20 and the dairy farm 10 to the mushroom cultivation medium production plant 20. It may be moderate. That is, the base material may be adjusted immediately before being provided to the fermentation step S21.

  In the mushroom cultivation medium production plant 20, in the fermentation step S21, the moisture content of the conveyed base material is adjusted to be about 60 to 70%. If the water content of the base material is about 60 to 70% at the time when the base material is obtained by mixing the sawdust with the cow dung 12, it is not necessary to adjust the water content of the base material again. Absent. Then, the base material whose moisture content has been adjusted is charged into the fermenter 40 shown in FIG.

  The fermenter 40 has an appearance in which the shape of the fermenter is turned upside down, and a fermentation chamber 40a similar to the appearance is formed inside the fermenter 40. An input port 40b communicating with the fermentation chamber 40a is formed at one end of the upper wall of the fermenter 40, and a sampling port 40c communicating with the fermentation chamber 40a is formed at the other end of the upper wall of the fermenter 40. . In the fermentation chamber 40a, a screw (not shown) capable of stirring the base material charged therein is rotatably provided.

  The base material is charged into the fermentation chamber 40a from the input port 40b, and is stirred once every two hours until 24 hours, and once every four hours thereafter. During this time, the base material is fermented while generating heat over a period as shown in FIG. That is, the temperature of the cow dung 12 as the base material rises to the maximum temperature (57.6 ° C.) and then falls to the same temperature as the air temperature in the winter 0 to 11 days. Thus, the primary fermentation proceeds. Thereafter, the cow dung 12 maintains the same temperature as the air temperature after 11 days, and the secondary fermentation proceeds for 2 to 3 months. During the secondary fermentation, only stirring was performed once a week.

  Each base material that has been subjected to primary fermentation for 0, 1, 2, 4, 7, and 10 days is taken out from the collection port 40c and used as each base material. The cow dung contained in the base material that has been subjected to primary fermentation for 1, 2, 4, 7, and 10 days is cow dung that has not been composted due to heat generation due to primary fermentation. The base material subjected to primary fermentation for 0 days, that is, the base material not subjected to primary fermentation, is cow dung immediately after being produced.

  Then, in the completion step (nutrient mixing step) S22 shown in FIG. 1, 2 volumes of bran are mixed as nutrients with 5 volumes of each base material. Thus, each mixture is obtained by integrating the bran with each base material. Then, by adjusting the water content of each mixture to about 65%, the mushroom cultivation medium of the test samples 1 to 6 is obtained.

  Next, at the mushroom cultivation farm 30, eryngii is cultivated as follows using the mushroom cultivation medium of the test samples 1 to 6. First, a mushroom cultivation bottle having a content of 850 ml, which is generally used for mushroom cultivation, is prepared. Three mushroom cultivation bottles are used for each mushroom cultivation medium of each of the test samples 1 to 6. Then, the mushroom cultivation bottle is filled with a mushroom cultivation medium to a certain height, and the opening of the mushroom cultivation bottle is covered with a lid having a structure capable of securing ventilation. Thereafter, sterilization is performed in an autoclave. Then, after allowing to cool, the lid is opened, and the inoculum of Eryngii is inoculated into the mushroom cultivation medium from the opening, and the lid is closed again. Next, the mushroom cultivation bottle with the lid is placed in the culture room, and the temperature, humidity, and the like in the culture room are controlled so as to provide an optimal environment for culturing the mycelium, and the mycelium is sufficiently grown on the mushroom cultivation medium. Thereafter, the lid is opened and the bacteria are scraped. After completion of the fungus removal, the bacteria are placed in a growth room, and the temperature, humidity, and the like in the growth room are controlled so as to provide an optimum environment for growing the fruiting body. Thereby, fruiting bodies grow on the mushroom cultivation medium, and they protrude outside the opening and are harvested after growing. Thus, fruiting bodies can be obtained during the cultivation period of 50 to 60 days.

  Table 1 shows the average yield (g / bottle) with respect to the fermentation period (days) of the fruiting bodies obtained from the mushroom cultivation medium of each of the test samples 1 to 6, and the average number of harvests (numbers) with respect to the fermentation period (days) / Bottle) is shown in Table 2. Some of the results shown in Tables 1 and 2 are shown in FIGS.

  After the first harvesting, a second fungus scraping may be performed, and the bacteria may be again put into a growth room to grow a second fruiting body. Thus, the fruiting body is harvested again. By repeating these operations, the third and subsequent fruiting bodies can be harvested. Then, after cultivating the mushroom once or several times by this mushroom cultivation method, the mushroom cultivation medium is the waste bacteria bed 32 shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 1, the waste bacteria bed 32 is sent to the dairy farm 10 and can be reused as a base material by mixing the cow dung 12 and the sawdust 14. Further, the waste bacteria bed 32 is also collected as a culture soil for growing plants that perform photosynthesis such as trees and grasses, and can be used for fertilization. Thus, the waste bacteria bed 32 is reused.

  As Comparative Example 1, only cedar sawdust is used as a base material. Then, it is left for 0, 1, 2, 4, 7, and 10 days under the conditions of the temperature and the atmospheric pressure. Thus, a substrate is obtained.

  Then, 2 parts by volume of bran are mixed as nutrients with 5 parts by volume of each base material to obtain each mixture. Then, by adjusting the water content of each mixture to about 65%, a mushroom cultivation medium of Comparative Test Products 1 to 6 is obtained.

  Next, eryngii is cultivated in the same manner as above using the mushroom cultivation medium of Comparative Test Products 1 to 6. Tables 1 and 2 also show the average yield and the average yield of the fruiting bodies of Eryngii. In addition, some of the results shown in Tables 1 and 2 are also shown in FIGS.

  As Comparative Example 2, a commercially available composted cow dung is used as a base material. Then, 2 parts by volume of bran is mixed with 5 parts by volume of the base material as a nutrient to obtain a mixture. Then, by adjusting the water content of the mixture to about 65%, a mushroom cultivation medium of Comparative Test Product x is obtained. Using this mushroom cultivation medium of Comparative Test Product x, eryngii is cultivated in the same manner as above. The average yield of the fruiting body of Eryngii is about 85 g / bottle, and the average yield is 2 / bottle.

(Evaluation)
In the mushroom cultivation medium of the test specimens 1 to 6, in the above-described production method, the base material contains the sawdust 14 used for the primary fermentation, and the fermentation step S21 shown in FIG. In the meantime, the average yield and the average yield of the fruiting bodies of Eryngii are significantly increased. In addition, the average yield and the average number of harvests of the test samples 1 to 6 were values comparable to the average yield and the average number of harvests of the comparative test products 1 to 6. Furthermore, it can be seen that the mushroom cultivation mediums of the test specimens 1 to 6 can grow a large amount of mushrooms as compared with the comparative test specimen x which is a commercially available mushroom cultivation medium based on composted cow dung. For this reason, it can be understood that mushrooms can be cultivated in large quantities even if cow dung is not composted but has not been composted during fever due to primary fermentation.

  In particular, as shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, the temperature of the uncomposted cow dung contained in the mushroom cultivation media of the test specimens 2 to 4 is equal to or higher than the air temperature and equal to or lower than 60 ° C. which is the maximum temperature of the primary fermentation. In the mushroom cultivation medium using such uncomposted cow dung, the average yield and the average number of harvested fruit bodies are significantly increased.

  In this way, the mushroom cultivation medium of the test samples 1 to 6 can grow edible mushrooms by using cow dung instead of the sawdust 14, so that it is difficult to secure foods, preserve the natural environment and dispose of the mushrooms on dairy farms. The reuse of cow dung can be realized. In addition, this mushroom cultivation medium is such that cattle dung is uncomposted cow dung, and since this uncomposted cow dung is obtained within a few days after its production, there is no need to store cow dung excreted from cattle for a long period of time. Can be reduced.

  Therefore, according to the mushroom cultivation mediums of the test specimens 1 to 6, it is possible to secure food and reduce the number of stockyards while realizing conservation of the natural environment and reuse of cow dung.

  In Example 2, the fermentation period (day) of Example 1 is further continued for 14, 21, 28, 37, 50, 64, 77, and 79 days, and the mushroom cultivation medium of each of the test samples 7-14 is used. During this time, the air temperature and the temperatures of the input port 40b and the collection port 40c of the fermenter 40 are measured and grasped as the temperature of the base material. The result is shown in FIG. Further, similarly to Comparative Example 1, mushroom cultivation mediums of Comparative Test Products 7-14 are also obtained.

  Table 1 also shows the average yield (g / bottle) with respect to the fermentation period (days) of the fruiting bodies obtained from the mushroom cultivation medium of each of the test samples 7 to 14 and each of the comparative test products 7-14. Table 2 also shows the average number of harvests per day) (lines / bottle). 7 and 8 show the entire results shown in Tables 1 and 2. FIG. 9 shows (average yield of test samples 1 to 14) / (average yield of comparative test products 1 to 14) as the yield ratio (%).

  As shown in FIGS. 6 to 9, the yield and the number of harvested eryngii can be satisfied by the mushroom cultivation media of the test samples 5 to 7 as well. From this, it is understood that uncomposted cow dung, which has not decreased to the temperature after reaching the maximum temperature of the primary fermentation, is also suitable for cultivation of eryngii.

  In the mushroom cultivation medium of the test sample 24, malformed eryngii was produced. For this reason, according to the mushroom cultivation mediums of the test specimens 1 to 7, it can be understood that mushrooms having good shapes can be easily harvested.

  In Example 3, in order to grasp the initial state of the mushroom cultivation medium, while using the same cow dung 12 and sawdust 14 as in Example 1, these were mixed at a mass ratio of 3: 1 to obtain a base material. . That is, the evaluation in Example 3 was performed using a base material having a uniform mixed state from the fermentation period of 0 days. The base material after mixing is introduced into the fermenter 40 in the same manner as in Examples 1 and 2, and is agitated once every 16 minutes until 10 hours have passed. Similarly, stirring was performed once every four hours. In this way, fermentation is performed for 0 to 4, 7, 10, 14, 21 and 28 days to obtain a mushroom cultivation medium for the test products 15 to 24, respectively. During this time, the temperature was measured, the surface temperature of the base material was measured in the laboratory, and the temperature of the inlet 40b of the fermenter 40 was measured. The result is shown in FIG. Further, similarly to Comparative Examples 1 and 2, mushroom culture media of Comparative Test Products 15 to 24 are also obtained.

  Table 3 shows the average yield (g / bottle) with respect to the fermentation period (days) of the fruiting bodies obtained from the mushroom cultivation medium of each of the test samples 15 to 24 and the comparative test products 15 to 24. Table 4 shows the average number of harvests per day) (lines / bottle). 11 and 12 show the results shown in Tables 3 and 4. FIG. 13 shows (average yield of test samples 1 to 14) / (average yield of comparative test products 1 to 14) as a yield ratio (%).

  As shown in FIGS. 10 to 13, the mushroom cultivation medium of the test specimens 15 to 18 can particularly satisfy the yield and the number of harvested eryngii. This indicates that uncomposted cow dung whose temperature is still below the maximum temperature of primary fermentation is particularly suitable for cultivation of eryngii.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICATION This invention can be utilized for the cultivation method of a mushroom, etc.

It is a flowchart which concerns on Examples 1-3, and shows the manufacturing method of a mushroom cultivation culture medium, and the mushroom cultivation method. FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a fermenter according to Examples 1 to 3. 4 is a graph showing a temperature change of a base material according to Example 1. 4 is a graph showing a relationship between a fermentation period and an average yield of fruit bodies according to Example 1. 4 is a graph showing a relationship between a fermentation period and an average number of harvested fruit bodies according to Example 1. 6 is a graph showing a temperature change of a base material according to Example 2. 10 is a graph showing a relationship between a fermentation period and an average yield of fruit bodies according to Example 2. 9 is a graph showing a relationship between a fermentation period and an average number of harvested fruit bodies according to Example 2. 6 is a graph showing a relationship between a fermentation period and a yield ratio according to Example 2. 10 is a graph showing a temperature change of a base material according to Example 3. 10 is a graph showing a relationship between a fermentation period and an average yield of fruiting bodies according to Example 3. It is a graph which concerns on Example 3 and which shows the relationship between the fermentation period and the average number of harvested fruit bodies. 10 is a graph showing a relationship between a fermentation period and a yield ratio according to Example 3.

Explanation of reference numerals

12 ... cow dung 14 ... sawdust (sub-material)
S21: Fermentation process S22: Completion process, nutrient mixing process

Claims (10)

In a mushroom cultivation medium having a substrate containing cow dung,
The mushroom cultivation medium, wherein the cow dung is uncomposted cow dung exothermic due to primary fermentation.   The mushroom cultivation medium according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the uncomposted cow dung is still lower than the maximum temperature of the primary fermentation.   The mushroom cultivation medium according to claim 1, wherein the uncomposted cow dung does not decrease in temperature after reaching the maximum temperature of the primary fermentation.   The mushroom cultivation medium according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising the base material and nutrients integrally mixed with the base material.   The mushroom cultivation medium according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the base material includes sawdust, rice straw, chaff, pruned branches, wood chips, beads, and other auxiliary materials. Preparing a base material containing at least cow dung, a fermentation step using the base material as a base material by making the cow dung a non-composted cow dung that has been heated by primary fermentation,
And a completion step of obtaining a mushroom cultivation medium having at least the substrate.   The method for producing a mushroom cultivation medium according to claim 6, wherein the completion step includes a nutrient mixing step of integrally mixing nutrients with the base material to form the mushroom cultivation medium.   The base material contains sawdust, rice straw, rice husk, pruned branches, wood chips, beads and other auxiliary materials used for primary fermentation, and the fermentation step is performed until the temperature becomes equal to or lower than the maximum temperature. The method for producing a mushroom cultivation medium according to claim 6 or 7.   The base material contains sawdust, rice straw, chaff, pruned branches, wood chips, beads and other auxiliary materials used for primary fermentation, and after the fermentation process reaches the maximum temperature, while the temperature does not decrease to the temperature. The method for producing a mushroom cultivation medium according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the method is performed.   A mushroom cultivation method comprising cultivating a mushroom on the mushroom cultivation medium according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

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