JP2004197117A - Ag-ALLOY REFLECTIVE FILM, SPUTTERING TARGET AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING Ag-ALLOY THIN FILM - Google Patents

Ag-ALLOY REFLECTIVE FILM, SPUTTERING TARGET AND METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING Ag-ALLOY THIN FILM Download PDF

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JP2004197117A
JP2004197117A JP2002363648A JP2002363648A JP2004197117A JP 2004197117 A JP2004197117 A JP 2004197117A JP 2002363648 A JP2002363648 A JP 2002363648A JP 2002363648 A JP2002363648 A JP 2002363648A JP 2004197117 A JP2004197117 A JP 2004197117A
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alloy
film
thin film
sputtering
gas
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JP2004197117A5 (en
JP4671579B2 (en
Inventor
Yoshiyuki Ukishima
禎之 浮島
Noriaki Tani
典明 谷
Hideo Takei
日出夫 竹井
Akira Ishibashi
暁 石橋
Eihei Shiba
衛平 柴
Yutaka Kin
豊 金
Shozo Kanbara
正三 神原
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Vacuum Metallurgical Co Ltd
Ulvac Inc
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Vacuum Metallurgical Co Ltd
Ulvac Inc
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Priority to TW092135255A priority patent/TW200419003A/en
Priority to KR1020030091353A priority patent/KR101101732B1/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C5/00Alloys based on noble metals
    • C22C5/06Alloys based on silver

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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an Ag-alloy reflective film having high reflectance, and superior adhesiveness to a substrate and corrosion resistance as well, and to provide a sputtering target and a method for manufacturing an Ag-alloy thin film. <P>SOLUTION: The Ag alloy film includes Ag as a main component, 0.1-4.0 atom% Au and 0.1-2.5 atom% Sn. The sputtering target has the same composition as the above alloy composition. The method for manufacturing the Ag-alloy thin film comprises employing the above target, supplying an Ar gas for a sputtering gas and at least one gas selected from O<SB>2</SB>, H<SB>2</SB>O and H<SB>2</SB>+O<SB>2</SB>for an additive gas, and sputtering the target, to manufacture the Ag alloy film containing oxygen. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO&NCIPI

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、LCD、有機LED等のフラットパネルディスプレイ(FPD)の反射膜等に用いられるAg合金薄膜、スパッタリングターゲットおよびAg合金薄膜製造方法に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、表示デバイスにおける反射膜としてはAlおよびその合金(Al−Nd系等)が用いられているが、可視光領域において短波長側で反射率の低下が起こり、また、耐薬品性および耐熱性に劣るために、保護膜が必要である等の欠点があった。
【0003】
上記理由からAg薄膜を用いる試みもなされている。このAg薄膜は耐蝕性に劣るので、雰囲気中の硫黄成分や塩素分により変色が起こり、反射率の低下を引き起こす。また、基板との密着性にも劣るので、膜剥離やピンホールが生じやすい。そのため、上層保護膜や下地密着層が必要となる。このAg薄膜の耐蝕性を改善する方法として、AgPd合金やAgPdCu合金等の使用が提案されている(例えば、特許文献1および2参照)。しかし、これらの合金と基板との密着性は不十分で、金属酸化物等の密着層が必要であった。
【0004】
【特許文献1】
特開2000−109943号公報(特許請求の範囲等)
【0005】
【特許文献2】
特開2000−285517号公報(特許請求の範囲等)
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明の課題は、上記従来技術の問題を解決することにあり、高反射率を有し、基板との密着性、耐蝕性にも優れたAg合金反射膜を提供すると共に、その合金薄膜製造に適したスパッタリングターゲットおよびAg合金薄膜製造方法を提供することにある。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、純Ag薄膜の持っていた耐蝕性、密着性の不備を解消しつつ高反射特性を実現するためには、AuとSnとの添加が有効であることを見出し、本発明を完成した。
【0008】
請求項1記載の発明は、Agを主成分とし、第2元素としてAu、第3元素としてSnを含有したAg合金からなり、Au含有量が0.1〜4.0at%、Sn含有量が0.1〜2.5at%であることを特徴とするAg合金反射膜である。このAg合金薄膜は、可視光領域(波長400〜700nm)において反射率が90%以上で、耐蝕性、ガラス基板等との密着性に優れている。この範囲を外れると、Ag合金薄膜は、反射率、耐蝕性、密着性の全てを満足することはできない。この反射膜において、耐蝕性については主にAu、密着性については主にSnの添加が有効である。
【0009】
請求項2記載の発明は、上記反射膜において、さらに第4元素として酸素が0.1〜3.0at%含まれることを特徴とする。この範囲内の酸素を含有する膜は、基板との密着性に優れている。
請求項3記載の発明は、上記反射膜が、上記Ag合金薄膜と金属酸化物膜とを積層した積層薄膜からなることを特徴とする。
【0010】
請求項4記載の発明は、Agを主成分とし、第2元素としてAuおよび第3元素としてSnを含有したAg合金からなり、Au含有量が0.1〜4.0at%、Sn含有量が0.1〜2.5at%であることを特徴とするAg合金スパッタリングターゲットである。Au含有量が0.1〜4.0at%、およびSn含有量が0.1〜2.5at%である組成のターゲットを用いてスパッタすることにより、可視光領域(波長400〜700nm)において反射率が90%以上で、耐蝕性、ガラス基板等との密着性に優れたAg合金薄膜が得られる。この範囲を外れると、反射率、耐蝕性、密着性の全てを満足するAg合金薄膜は得られない。
【0011】
請求項5記載の発明は、ターゲットとして上記Ag合金スパッタリングターゲットを用い、スパッタリングガスとしてのArガスと添加ガスとしてのO、HOおよびH+Oから選ばれた少なくとも1つの酸素含有ガスとを用いてスパッタし、Agを主成分とし、Au含有量が0.1〜4.0at%、Sn含有量が0.1〜2.5at%であり、さらに酸素含有量が0.1〜3.0at%であるAg合金薄膜を製造することを特徴とするAg合金薄膜製造方法である。特に基板温度が低い成膜の場合(基板温度100℃以下)でも、基板との密着性に優れたAg合金薄膜を得るために有効な手段である。
請求項6記載の発明は、上記合金薄膜製造方法において、酸素含有ガスをスパッタによる成膜初期にのみ供給することを特徴とする。
【0012】
請求項7記載の発明は、上記合金薄膜製造方法において、下地層としての金属酸化物膜の上にAg合金薄膜を積層形成すること、但し、スパッタ時に、添加ガスを供給してまたは供給せずにスパッタしてAg合金薄膜を製造することを特徴とする積層構造を有するAg合金薄膜製造方法である。このような積層構造を有する薄膜としては、例えば、Ag合金薄膜と、ITO、IZO、酸化アンチモンをドープした酸化錫、酸化亜鉛−酸化アルミニウム、酸化チタン等から選ばれた金属酸化物の薄膜との積層構造を有するものがある。反射膜を有機LEDのアノード電極に用いる場合は、ホール輸送層との仕事関数の調整のために必要なため、ホール注入効率に優れた反射電極膜を得るのに有効な手段である。また、金属酸化物薄膜を下地層に用いた場合は、上記添加ガスとしてのO、HO、H+Oガスを用いなくとも、基板との密着性に優れたAg合金薄膜を提供することができる。
【0013】
なお、本発明のAg合金ターゲットはSnを含有しているために、上記O、HO、H+Oの添加ガスを微量用いることにより、膜中にSnO成分が発生する。このSnO成分が基板とのバインダーとなるために、容易に密着性に優れたAg合金薄膜を提供することができる。基板としては、ガラス、シリコンの他、プラスチックフィルム等でも有効である。
上記したAg合金ターゲットを用いることにより、耐蝕性、密着性に優れ、高反射率を有するAg合金薄膜を提供することができる。本明細書中では反射膜としての用途を中心に記載してあるが、得られるAg合金薄膜の比抵抗は9μΩcm以下であるので配線膜としても使用可能である。
【0014】
【実施例】
以下、本発明の実施例および比較例を図面を参照して説明する。図1に実施例および比較例で使用したインライン式スパッタリング装置の概略の構成を模式的に示す。
【0015】
このスパッタ装置は、第1、第2、第3のスパッタ室1、2、3を有している。各スパッタ室はそれぞれ、ゲートバルブ4、5で仕切られている。スパッタ室1、2、3は、個別に真空排気系に接続できる構成になっており、各スパッタ室内部には、それぞれ、磁気回路を有したカソード電極1a、2a、3aが配置されており、このカソード電極の上にはそれぞれターゲット1b、2b、3bが取付けられている。各ターゲット1b、2b、3bは、金属酸化物(ITO等)、Ag合金等からなるものであり、電源1c、2c、3cからDCバイアスを印加できるように構成されている。これらのターゲットとしては、目的とするAg合金薄膜の組成に応じて適宜選択した所定の割合の金属から構成されたものを使用する。また、スパッタ室1、2、3には、それぞれ、ガス導入系1d、2d、3dが接続され、各スパッタ室にArの他にO、HO、H等の導入が可能になるように構成されている。図中、6は基板搬送トレイまたは基板支持台であり、7は基板である。
【0016】
(実施例1)
第1スパッタ室1のターゲット1bとして、Agを主成分とし、3.1at%(1.7wt%)のAuおよび2.2at%(2.0wt%)のSnを添加したターゲット、第2スパッタ室2のターゲット2bとして、Agを主成分とし、1.8at%(1.0wt%)のAuおよび1.3at%(1.2wt%)のSnを添加したターゲット、第3スパッタ室3のターゲット3bとして、Agを主成分とし、0.91at%(0.5wt%)のAuおよび0.55at%(0.5wt%)のSnを添加したターゲットをそれぞれ各スパッタ室内にセットした。
【0017】
図示しないが、第1スパッタ室1の隣には真空排気系を有した仕込み室があり、基板7を第1スパッタ室へ搬送できる構成になっている。第1スパッタ室1にArガス200SCCM、酸素ガス0.5SCCM(O分圧2.67×10−3Pa)を導入し、DCパワー500W(パワー密度1W/cm)をターゲット1bに投入した。スパッタ圧力は0.667Pa程度であった。仕込み室から、洗浄したガラス基板(コーニング1737)7を保持した基板搬送トレイ6を20cm/minの搬送速度で第1スパッタ室1へ移送し、室温および200℃で通過成膜を行った。トレイ6がターゲット1bを通過した時点で、放電を終了し、トレイを仕込み室へ戻した。基板7上に膜厚150nmのAg合金膜1−1を作製した。
【0018】
第2スパッタ室2および第3スパッタ室3でも上記と同様な操作を行い、それぞれの基板上に膜厚150nmのAg合金膜1−2、Ag合金膜1−3を作製した。
本実施例ではインライン式での成膜方法について記載したが、基板を固定したバッチ式、枚葉式の成膜装置でも作製可能である。
【0019】
得られたAg合金膜1−1〜1−3の反射率、密着性、耐食性、抵抗値、エッチング特性を調べた。反射率は、Si基板をリファレンスとし、可視光領域(波長400〜800nm)で分光光度計を用いて測定した。密着性は、クロスカット法に従って、5mm□の大きさの25マス(5×5)になるようにカッターで膜中に切れ目を入れ、テープ(3M製2422)による碁盤目試験で、25マス中の剥がれなかったマスの数を調べて評価した。耐食性の評価は、5%NaCl溶液中にAg合金膜が形成された基板を96時間放置し、目視により腐食の状態を観察することにより行った。抵抗値は、4探針式の抵抗測定器(三菱化学製ロレスタ)で測定した。エッチング特性は、通常のフォトレジストプロセスで0.2mmのLine&Spaceのパターンを形成し、エッチング液として燐酸:硝酸:水=4:1:5〜10の混合溶液を用いてエッチングを行って評価した。比較のために、APC(Ag−0.9wt%Pd−1.0wt%Cu)膜も作製し、同様の評価を行った。得られた結果を表1に示す。
【0020】
(表1)

Figure 2004197117
【0021】
表1中、反射率R(%)は480nmでの値を記し、また、密着性におけるMはAg合金膜であり、Iは以下の実施例4における下地層のITO膜である。
表1から明らかなように、いずれのAg合金膜もAPCと同等程度またはそれ以上の反射率を有していた。Au、Sn添加量の1番少ないAg合金膜1−3が一番高い反射率を示した。これは、添加剤の含有量が効いているものと予想される。
【0022】
密着性については、Ag合金薄膜1−1〜1−3のいずれもが、APCとの比較において、ガラス基板との密着性に優れていた。これは、ターゲットに含有されるSn元素がスパッタ中に添加したOガスと反応してSnOが形成されるからと推測される。
また、上記室温成膜により得られたAg合金膜1−1〜1−3、および酸素ガス導入量のみを変えただけで室温成膜により上記と同様にして得たAg合金膜について、オージェ分析を行ったところ、得られたAg合金膜中の酸素含有量は表2に示す通りであった。
【0023】
(表2)
Figure 2004197117
(注)成膜初期だけ酸素を導入した場合であり、その際の初期層の膜厚は300Å以下であった。
【0024】
表2から明らかなように、本発明の成膜条件で得られたAg合金膜中の酸素含有量は、成膜時の添加酸素量によっても変わるが、0.1〜3.0at%程度であった。
特に、ガラス基板との密着性は界面での制御が重要であるために、成膜初期だけ酸素ガスを導入して、Ag合金膜を作製する方法でも、その膜組成は、初期層のみに酸素が0.1〜1.0at%程度含まれており、密着性を充分満足する膜が得られた。
耐食性については、Ag合金膜1−1〜1−3のいずれも、5%NaCl溶液に96時間浸漬後も概観変化はなく、良好な耐食性を示していた。比較のために、純銀についての耐食性テストを行ったところ、24時間経過した時点で表面の光沢がなくなり、耐食性が不十分であった。
【0025】
比抵抗については、Sn添加量の多いAg合金膜1−1において室温成膜の場合に8.3μΩcmであり、その他の場合の合金膜ではさらに低い比抵抗を有しているので、これらの合金膜は配線膜としても十分使用できるレベルであることが確認された。
Ag合金膜1−1〜1−3のエッチング特性については、100nm/min程度のエッチング速度を有し、良好なパターニング形状が得られた。レジストプロセスにも対応可能であることから、耐アルカリ性、耐有機溶剤性にも優れた膜であることが分かった。
【0026】
(実施例2)
実施例1の添加ガスの代わりにHO(HOガス分圧2.67×10−3Pa)を導入し、添加ガス以外は実施例1に準じた方法でAg合金膜2−1、2−2、2−3を作製した。得られた薄膜について実施例1と同様にその物性を調べたところ、反射率、密着性、耐食性、比抵抗、エッチング加工性に優れた膜であることが確認された。
【0027】
(実施例3)
実施例1の添加ガスの代わりにH+Oガスを用いて、添加ガス以外は実施例1に準じた方法でAg合金薄膜3−1、3−2、3−3を作製した。Hガスについては、3%H含有Arガスとして導入し、Oガスについては、Oガス分圧2.67×10−3Paで導入した。得られた薄膜について実施例1と同様にその物性を調べたところ、反射率、密着性、耐食性、比抵抗、エッチング加工性に優れた膜であることが確認された。
【0028】
(実施例4)
図1の第1スパッタ室1および第3スパッタ室3のそれぞれのターゲット1b、3bとしてITO(In+10wt%SnO)ターゲットを、また、第2スパッタ室2のターゲット2bとしてAgを主成分とし0.91at%(0.5wt%)のAuおよび0.55at%(0.5wt%)のSnを添加したAg合金ターゲットをそれぞれセットした。実施例1記載の方法に準じて、但し、添加ガスは使用せずに、ガラス基板7上にITO膜(15nm)/Ag合金膜1−3(150nm)/ITO膜(15nm)の積層構造膜を作製した。得られた積層構造膜について反射率を実施例1と同様に測定した。得られた反射膜の反射率は235%(Siリファレンス)であり、Ag合金膜単独の場合と同様に高反射率であった。密着性、耐食性も実施例1の場合と同様に良好であった。また、得られた膜の表面平滑性をAFMで調べたところ、Rmax=7.0nm、Ra=0.7nmと優れていた。本実施例で得られた反射膜は有機LEDのアノード電極として用いる場合に特に有効である。
【0029】
なお、上記と同様にしてAPC膜/ITO膜およびAg合金膜1−1〜1−3/ITO膜の積層構造膜を作製し、これらの膜の密着性を測定した。その結果を表1に示す。いずれの膜も密着性に優れていた。
実施例1から4に記載した方法では基板上に室温および基板加熱(200℃)で成膜した膜について説明したが、その他の温度(350℃)での基板加熱で成膜した場合も、また、室温成膜後のアフターアニールを行った場合も同様な高反射膜が得られた。すなわち、室温〜350℃で良好な結果が得られた。
【0030】
(比較例1)
図1の第1スパッタ室1のターゲット1bとして、Agを主成分とし、3.1at%(1.7wt%)のAuを添加したターゲット、第2スパッタ室2のターゲット2bとして、Agを主成分とし、1.8at%(1.0wt%)のAuを添加したターゲット、第3スパッタ室3のターゲット3bとして、Agを主成分とし、0.91at%(0.5wt%)のAuを添加したターゲットをそれぞれセットし、実施例1と同様な条件で成膜を行い、Ag合金膜1500Åをガラス基板上へ作製した。但し、酸素ガスの導入量については、0Pa、2.67×10−3Pa、6.65×10−2Paと変えて成膜を行った。
得られた各Ag合金膜の特性を実施例1と同様に調べたところ、反射率、耐食性、エッチング特性は良好であったが、密着性については表3に示すように酸素導入量を増加しても不十分であった。
【0031】
(表3)
Figure 2004197117
【0032】
(比較例2)
図1の第1スパッタ室1のターゲット1bとして、Agを主成分とし、2.2at%(2.0wt%)のSnを添加したターゲット、第2スパッタ室2のターゲット2bとして、Agを主成分とし、1.3at%(1.2wt%)のSnを添加したターゲット、第3スパッタ室3のターゲット3bとして、Agを主成分とし、0.55at%(0.5wt%)のSnを添加したターゲットをそれぞれセットし、実施例1と同様な条件で成膜を行い、Ag合金膜1500Åをガラス基板上へ作製した。但し、酸素ガスの導入量については、0Pa、2.67×10−3Pa、6.65×10−2Paと変えて成膜を行った。
得られた各Ag合金膜の特性を実施例1と同様に調べたところ、反射率、密着性、エッチング特性は良好であったが、耐食性については表4に示すように不十分であった。
【0033】
(表4)
Figure 2004197117
【0034】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、上記した特定組成のAg合金ターゲットを用いることにより、ガラス基板等との密着性に優れ、また、耐食性、エッチング加工性にも優れ、さらに高反射率を有するAg合金膜を提供することができる。
Ag合金膜の抵抗値は十分低いため、反射膜を電極膜、配線膜として使用することも可能である。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の実施例で使用したインライン式スパッタリング装置の概略の構成図。
【符号の説明】
1 第1スパッタ室 2 第2スパッタ室
3 第3スパッタ室 1a、2a、3a カソード電極
1b、2b、3b ターゲット 1c、2c、3c 電源
1d、2d、3d ガス導入系 4、5 ゲートバルブ
6 基板搬送トレイ 7 基板[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an Ag alloy thin film, a sputtering target, and a method for producing an Ag alloy thin film used for a reflection film of a flat panel display (FPD) such as an LCD and an organic LED.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, Al and its alloys (such as Al-Nd) have been used as a reflective film in a display device. However, in the visible light region, the reflectivity decreases on the short wavelength side, and chemical resistance and heat resistance are reduced. And a drawback that a protective film is required.
[0003]
For the above reasons, attempts have been made to use Ag thin films. Since this Ag thin film is inferior in corrosion resistance, discoloration occurs due to sulfur components and chlorine content in the atmosphere, causing a decrease in reflectance. Further, since the adhesion to the substrate is also poor, film peeling and pinholes are likely to occur. Therefore, an upper protective film and an underlying adhesion layer are required. As a method for improving the corrosion resistance of the Ag thin film, use of an AgPd alloy, an AgPdCu alloy, or the like has been proposed (for example, see Patent Documents 1 and 2). However, the adhesion between these alloys and the substrate was insufficient, and an adhesion layer of metal oxide or the like was required.
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-2000-109943 (claims, etc.)
[0005]
[Patent Document 2]
JP-A-2000-285517 (Claims, etc.)
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and to provide an Ag alloy reflective film having high reflectance, excellent adhesion to a substrate, and excellent corrosion resistance, and production of an alloy thin film thereof. It is an object of the present invention to provide a sputtering target and a method for producing an Ag alloy thin film suitable for the above.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present inventors have found that the addition of Au and Sn is effective in realizing high reflection characteristics while eliminating the deficiencies in corrosion resistance and adhesiveness of a pure Ag thin film. Was completed.
[0008]
The invention according to claim 1 is an Ag alloy containing Ag as a main component, Au as a second element, and Sn as a third element, wherein the Au content is 0.1 to 4.0 at% and the Sn content is An Ag alloy reflective film characterized by being 0.1 to 2.5 at%. This Ag alloy thin film has a reflectance of 90% or more in the visible light region (wavelength 400 to 700 nm), and is excellent in corrosion resistance and adhesion to a glass substrate or the like. Outside this range, the Ag alloy thin film cannot satisfy all of the reflectance, corrosion resistance, and adhesion. In this reflective film, it is effective to add Au mainly for corrosion resistance and Sn for adhesion.
[0009]
The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that the reflection film further contains 0.1 to 3.0 at% of oxygen as a fourth element. A film containing oxygen in this range has excellent adhesion to the substrate.
The invention according to claim 3 is characterized in that the reflection film is formed of a laminated thin film in which the Ag alloy thin film and the metal oxide film are laminated.
[0010]
The invention according to claim 4 comprises an Ag alloy containing Ag as a main component, Au as a second element, and Sn as a third element, wherein the Au content is 0.1 to 4.0 at% and the Sn content is An Ag alloy sputtering target having a content of 0.1 to 2.5 at%. By sputtering using a target having a Au content of 0.1 to 4.0 at% and a Sn content of 0.1 to 2.5 at%, reflection in the visible light region (wavelength 400 to 700 nm) is achieved. When the ratio is 90% or more, an Ag alloy thin film excellent in corrosion resistance and adhesion to a glass substrate or the like can be obtained. Outside this range, an Ag alloy thin film satisfying all of the reflectance, corrosion resistance and adhesion cannot be obtained.
[0011]
The invention according to claim 5 uses the Ag alloy sputtering target as a target, and at least one oxygen-containing gas selected from O 2 , H 2 O, and H 2 + O 2 as an Ar gas as a sputtering gas and an additive gas. Is used as a main component, Ag is a main component, the Au content is 0.1 to 4.0 at%, the Sn content is 0.1 to 2.5 at%, and the oxygen content is 0.1 to 2.5 at%. An Ag alloy thin film manufacturing method comprising manufacturing an Ag alloy thin film having a concentration of 3.0 at%. In particular, even when film formation is performed at a low substrate temperature (a substrate temperature of 100 ° C. or lower), this is an effective means for obtaining an Ag alloy thin film having excellent adhesion to a substrate.
According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the method for producing an alloy thin film, an oxygen-containing gas is supplied only at an early stage of film formation by sputtering.
[0012]
According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the method for manufacturing an alloy thin film, an Ag alloy thin film is formed on the metal oxide film serving as the underlayer, provided that an additional gas is supplied or not supplied during sputtering. And producing an Ag alloy thin film by sputtering. As a thin film having such a laminated structure, for example, an Ag alloy thin film and a thin film of a metal oxide selected from ITO, IZO, tin oxide doped with antimony oxide, zinc oxide-aluminum oxide, titanium oxide, etc. Some have a laminated structure. When a reflective film is used for the anode electrode of an organic LED, it is an effective means for obtaining a reflective electrode film having excellent hole injection efficiency because it is necessary for adjusting the work function with the hole transport layer. Also, when a metal oxide thin film is used for the underlayer, an Ag alloy thin film having excellent adhesion to the substrate is provided without using O 2 , H 2 O, or H 2 + O 2 gas as the additive gas. can do.
[0013]
Since the Ag alloy target of the present invention contains Sn, a SnO 2 component is generated in the film by using a small amount of the added gas of O 2 , H 2 O, and H 2 + O 2 . Since the SnO 2 component serves as a binder with the substrate, an Ag alloy thin film having excellent adhesion can be easily provided. As a substrate, a plastic film or the like is effective in addition to glass and silicon.
By using the above Ag alloy target, it is possible to provide an Ag alloy thin film having excellent corrosion resistance and adhesion, and having high reflectance. In this specification, the application as a reflection film is mainly described, but since the specific resistance of the obtained Ag alloy thin film is 9 μΩcm or less, it can be used as a wiring film.
[0014]
【Example】
Hereinafter, examples and comparative examples of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 schematically shows a schematic configuration of an in-line type sputtering apparatus used in Examples and Comparative Examples.
[0015]
This sputtering apparatus has first, second, and third sputtering chambers 1, 2, and 3. Each sputtering chamber is partitioned by gate valves 4 and 5, respectively. The sputtering chambers 1, 2, and 3 are configured to be individually connectable to a vacuum evacuation system. Cathode electrodes 1a, 2a, and 3a each having a magnetic circuit are arranged in each sputtering chamber. Targets 1b, 2b, 3b are mounted on the cathode electrodes, respectively. Each of the targets 1b, 2b, 3b is made of a metal oxide (such as ITO), an Ag alloy or the like, and is configured so that a DC bias can be applied from the power sources 1c, 2c, 3c. As these targets, those composed of a predetermined ratio of metal appropriately selected according to the composition of the target Ag alloy thin film are used. Further, the sputtering chamber 1, 2, 3, respectively, the gas introduction system 1d, 2d, 3d are connected, allowing in addition to O 2, H 2 O, the introduction of such as H 2 of Ar in the sputtering chamber It is configured as follows. In the figure, reference numeral 6 denotes a substrate transport tray or a substrate support, and reference numeral 7 denotes a substrate.
[0016]
(Example 1)
As a target 1b of the first sputtering chamber 1, a target containing Ag as a main component and adding 3.1 at% (1.7 wt%) of Au and 2.2 at% (2.0 wt%) of Sn, a second sputtering chamber As targets 2b, targets containing Ag as a main component and adding 1.8 at% (1.0 wt%) of Au and 1.3 at% (1.2 wt%) of Sn, and targets 3 b of the third sputtering chamber 3 As targets, targets each containing Ag as a main component and adding 0.91 at% (0.5 wt%) of Au and 0.55 at% (0.5 wt%) of Sn were set in the respective sputtering chambers.
[0017]
Although not shown, a preparation chamber having a vacuum exhaust system is provided adjacent to the first sputtering chamber 1 so that the substrate 7 can be transferred to the first sputtering chamber. Argon gas 200 SCCM and oxygen gas 0.5 SCCM (O 2 partial pressure 2.67 × 10 −3 Pa) were introduced into the first sputtering chamber 1, and DC power 500 W (power density 1 W / cm 2 ) was supplied to the target 1 b. . The sputtering pressure was about 0.667 Pa. From the preparation chamber, the substrate transfer tray 6 holding the washed glass substrate (Corning 1737) 7 was transferred to the first sputtering chamber 1 at a transfer speed of 20 cm / min, and a film was formed at room temperature and at 200 ° C. When the tray 6 passed the target 1b, the discharge was terminated and the tray was returned to the charging chamber. An Ag alloy film 1-1 having a thickness of 150 nm was formed on the substrate 7.
[0018]
The same operation as described above was performed in the second sputtering chamber 2 and the third sputtering chamber 3 to form an Ag alloy film 1-2 and an Ag alloy film 1-3 having a thickness of 150 nm on the respective substrates.
In this embodiment, the in-line type film forming method is described. However, a batch type or single-wafer type film forming apparatus in which a substrate is fixed can also be manufactured.
[0019]
The reflectance, adhesion, corrosion resistance, resistance, and etching characteristics of the obtained Ag alloy films 1-1 to 1-3 were examined. The reflectance was measured using a spectrophotometer in a visible light region (wavelength: 400 to 800 nm) using a Si substrate as a reference. According to the cross-cut method, a cut was made in the film with a cutter so as to obtain 25 squares (5 × 5) of 5 mm square according to the cross-cut method. The number of cells that did not come off was examined and evaluated. The corrosion resistance was evaluated by leaving the substrate on which the Ag alloy film was formed in a 5% NaCl solution for 96 hours and visually observing the state of corrosion. The resistance was measured with a four-probe resistance meter (Loresta, manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation). The etching characteristics were evaluated by forming a 0.2 mm Line & Space pattern by a normal photoresist process, and performing etching using a mixed solution of phosphoric acid: nitric acid: water = 4: 1: 5 to 10 as an etching solution. For comparison, an APC (Ag-0.9 wt% Pd-1.0 wt% Cu) film was also prepared and evaluated in the same manner. Table 1 shows the obtained results.
[0020]
(Table 1)
Figure 2004197117
[0021]
In Table 1, the reflectance R (%) is a value at 480 nm, M in the adhesion is an Ag alloy film, and I is the ITO film of the underlayer in Example 4 below.
As is clear from Table 1, each of the Ag alloy films had a reflectance equal to or higher than that of APC. The Ag alloy film 1-3 with the smallest addition amount of Au and Sn showed the highest reflectance. This is expected to be due to the additive content.
[0022]
Regarding adhesion, all of the Ag alloy thin films 1-1 to 1-3 were superior in adhesion to the glass substrate as compared with APC. This is presumed to be because Sn element contained in the target reacts with O 2 gas added during sputtering to form SnO 2 .
Auger analysis was performed on the Ag alloy films 1-1 to 1-3 obtained by the above-mentioned room temperature film formation and the Ag alloy films obtained in the same manner as above by the room temperature film formation only by changing the oxygen gas introduction amount. Was performed, the oxygen content in the obtained Ag alloy film was as shown in Table 2.
[0023]
(Table 2)
Figure 2004197117
(Note) In the case where oxygen was introduced only at the initial stage of film formation, the thickness of the initial layer at that time was 300 ° or less.
[0024]
As is clear from Table 2, the oxygen content in the Ag alloy film obtained under the film forming conditions of the present invention varies depending on the amount of oxygen added at the time of film formation, but is about 0.1 to 3.0 at%. there were.
In particular, since the adhesion at the interface with the glass substrate is important to control at the interface, even in a method of producing an Ag alloy film by introducing an oxygen gas only at the initial stage of film formation, the film composition is such that only the initial layer contains oxygen. Was contained in an amount of about 0.1 to 1.0 at%, and a film having sufficiently satisfactory adhesion was obtained.
Regarding the corrosion resistance, all of the Ag alloy films 1-1 to 1-3 did not change their appearance even after being immersed in a 5% NaCl solution for 96 hours, and showed good corrosion resistance. For comparison, a corrosion resistance test was performed on pure silver. As a result, the glossiness of the surface was lost after 24 hours, and the corrosion resistance was insufficient.
[0025]
The specific resistance of the Ag alloy film 1-1 containing a large amount of Sn was 8.3 μΩcm in the case of film formation at room temperature, and the other alloy films had a lower specific resistance. It was confirmed that the film was at a level that could be used sufficiently as a wiring film.
Regarding the etching characteristics of the Ag alloy films 1-1 to 1-3, the etching rate was about 100 nm / min, and a favorable patterning shape was obtained. It was found that the film was excellent in alkali resistance and organic solvent resistance because it could be used in a resist process.
[0026]
(Example 2)
H 2 O (partial pressure of H 2 O gas: 2.67 × 10 −3 Pa) was introduced instead of the additive gas of Example 1, and the Ag alloy film 2-1 was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1 except for the additive gas. 2-2 and 2-3 were produced. When the physical properties of the obtained thin film were examined in the same manner as in Example 1, it was confirmed that the film was excellent in reflectance, adhesion, corrosion resistance, specific resistance, and etching workability.
[0027]
(Example 3)
Ag alloy thin films 3-1, 3-2, and 3-3 were produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that H 2 + O 2 gas was used instead of the additive gas of Example 1. The H 2 gas, is introduced as a 3% H 2 containing Ar gas, for O 2 gas were introduced at O 2 gas partial pressure 2.67 × 10 -3 Pa. When the physical properties of the obtained thin film were examined in the same manner as in Example 1, it was confirmed that the film was excellent in reflectance, adhesion, corrosion resistance, specific resistance, and etching workability.
[0028]
(Example 4)
An ITO (In 2 O 3 +10 wt% SnO 2 ) target is mainly used as the targets 1 b and 3 b of the first sputtering chamber 1 and the third sputtering chamber 3 in FIG. 1, and Ag is mainly used as the target 2 b of the second sputtering chamber 2. Ag alloy targets to which 0.91 at% (0.5 wt%) of Au and 0.55 at% (0.5 wt%) of Sn were added as components were set, respectively. According to the method described in Example 1, except that no additional gas is used, and a laminated structure film of an ITO film (15 nm) / Ag alloy film 1-3 (150 nm) / ITO film (15 nm) on a glass substrate 7 Was prepared. The reflectance of the obtained multilayer structure film was measured in the same manner as in Example 1. The reflectance of the obtained reflection film was 235% (Si reference), which was as high as that of the Ag alloy film alone. Adhesion and corrosion resistance were also good as in Example 1. When the surface smoothness of the obtained film was examined by AFM, it was excellent that Rmax = 7.0 nm and Ra = 0.7 nm. The reflection film obtained in this embodiment is particularly effective when used as an anode electrode of an organic LED.
[0029]
In the same manner as described above, a laminated structure film of the APC film / ITO film and the Ag alloy films 1-1 to 1-3 / ITO film was prepared, and the adhesion of these films was measured. Table 1 shows the results. All films were excellent in adhesion.
In the method described in Examples 1 to 4, the film formed on the substrate at room temperature and substrate heating (200 ° C.) has been described. However, when the film is formed by heating the substrate at another temperature (350 ° C.), When the after-annealing was performed after the film formation at room temperature, a similar high reflection film was obtained. That is, good results were obtained at room temperature to 350 ° C.
[0030]
(Comparative Example 1)
As a target 1b of the first sputtering chamber 1 in FIG. 1, a target containing Ag as a main component and adding 3.1 at% (1.7 wt%) of Au, and a target 2b of the second sputtering chamber 2 containing Ag as a main component As the target to which 1.8 at% (1.0 wt%) of Au was added and the target 3 b of the third sputtering chamber 3, 0.91 at% (0.5 wt%) of Au was added, which was mainly composed of Ag. Each target was set, and a film was formed under the same conditions as in Example 1 to form an Ag alloy film 1500 ° on a glass substrate. However, the film formation was performed while changing the introduction amount of the oxygen gas to 0 Pa, 2.67 × 10 −3 Pa, and 6.65 × 10 −2 Pa.
The characteristics of each of the obtained Ag alloy films were examined in the same manner as in Example 1. As a result, the reflectance, corrosion resistance, and etching characteristics were good. Was not enough.
[0031]
(Table 3)
Figure 2004197117
[0032]
(Comparative Example 2)
As the target 1b of the first sputtering chamber 1 in FIG. 1, a target containing Ag as a main component and 2.2 at% (2.0 wt%) of Sn added, and a target 2b of the second sputtering chamber 2 containing Ag as a main component As a target to which 1.3 at% (1.2 wt%) of Sn was added and a target 3 b of the third sputtering chamber 3, 0.55 at% (0.5 wt%) of Sn containing Ag as a main component was added. Each target was set, and a film was formed under the same conditions as in Example 1 to form an Ag alloy film 1500 ° on a glass substrate. However, the film formation was performed while changing the introduction amount of the oxygen gas to 0 Pa, 2.67 × 10 −3 Pa, and 6.65 × 10 −2 Pa.
When the characteristics of each of the obtained Ag alloy films were examined in the same manner as in Example 1, the reflectance, adhesion, and etching characteristics were good, but the corrosion resistance was insufficient as shown in Table 4.
[0033]
(Table 4)
Figure 2004197117
[0034]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, by using the Ag alloy target having the specific composition described above, an Ag alloy film having excellent adhesion to a glass substrate or the like, and also having excellent corrosion resistance and etching workability, and further having a high reflectivity can be obtained. Can be provided.
Since the resistance value of the Ag alloy film is sufficiently low, the reflection film can be used as an electrode film and a wiring film.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an in-line type sputtering apparatus used in an embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 1st sputtering room 2 2nd sputtering room 3 3rd sputtering room 1a, 2a, 3a Cathode electrode 1b, 2b, 3b Target 1c, 2c, 3c Power supply 1d, 2d, 3d Gas introduction system 4, 5 Gate valve 6 Substrate conveyance Tray 7 board

Claims (7)

Agを主成分としてAuおよびSnを含有するAg合金からなり、Au含有量が0.1〜4.0at%、Sn含有量が0.1〜2.5at%であることを特徴とするAg合金反射膜。An Ag alloy comprising an Ag alloy containing Ag as a main component and containing Au and Sn, wherein the Au content is 0.1 to 4.0 at% and the Sn content is 0.1 to 2.5 at%. Reflective film. 請求項1において、さらに酸素が0.1〜3.0at%含まれることを特徴とするAg合金反射膜。2. The Ag alloy reflective film according to claim 1, further comprising 0.1 to 3.0 at% of oxygen. 請求項1または2に記載のAg合金反射膜と金属酸化物膜とを積層した積層薄膜からなることを特徴とするAg合金反射膜。An Ag alloy reflective film comprising a laminated thin film obtained by laminating the Ag alloy reflective film according to claim 1 and a metal oxide film. Agを主成分としてAuおよびSnを含有するAg合金からなり、Au含有量が0.1〜4.0at%、Sn含有量が0.1〜2.5at%であることを特徴とするAg合金スパッタリングターゲット。An Ag alloy comprising an Ag alloy containing Ag as a main component and containing Au and Sn, wherein the Au content is 0.1 to 4.0 at% and the Sn content is 0.1 to 2.5 at%. Sputtering target. スパッタリングターゲットとして請求項4記載のAg合金スパッタリングターゲットを用い、スパッタリングガスとしてのArガスと添加ガスとしてのO、HOおよびH+Oから選ばれた少なくとも1つの酸素含有ガスとを用いてスパッタし、Agを主成分とし、Au含有量が0.1〜4.0at%、Sn含有量が0.1〜2.5at%であり、さらに酸素含有量が0.1〜3.0at%であるAg合金薄膜を製造することを特徴とするAg合金薄膜製造方法。The Ag alloy sputtering target according to claim 4 is used as a sputtering target, and an Ar gas as a sputtering gas and at least one oxygen-containing gas selected from O 2 , H 2 O, and H 2 + O 2 as an additional gas are used. With Ag as a main component, an Au content of 0.1 to 4.0 at%, a Sn content of 0.1 to 2.5 at%, and an oxygen content of 0.1 to 3.0 at%. % Of the Ag alloy thin film. 請求項5において、酸素含有ガスをスパッタによる成膜初期にのみ供給することを特徴とするAg合金薄膜製造方法。6. The method for producing an Ag alloy thin film according to claim 5, wherein the oxygen-containing gas is supplied only at an initial stage of film formation by sputtering. 請求項5において、下地層としての金属酸化物膜の上にAg合金薄膜を積層形成すること、但し、スパッタ時に、添加ガスを供給してまたは供給せずにスパッタしてAg合金薄膜を製造することを特徴とする積層構造を有するAg合金薄膜製造方法。6. The Ag alloy thin film according to claim 5, wherein an Ag alloy thin film is laminated on the metal oxide film as the underlayer, provided that the sputtering is performed with or without supplying an additive gas during sputtering. A method for manufacturing an Ag alloy thin film having a laminated structure.
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