JP2004166530A

JP2004166530A - Palm oil dietary fiber powder, food containing the same and method for production

Info

Publication number: JP2004166530A
Application number: JP2002333768A
Authority: JP
Inventors: Masanaka Watanabe; 正中渡邉
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2002-11-18
Filing date: 2002-11-18
Publication date: 2004-06-17
Anticipated expiration: 2022-11-18
Also published as: CN100369558C; JP4054660B2; CN1500408A

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide dietary fiber powder effectively utilizing a palm oil trunk and generally usable for a variety of foods and drinks and a food containing the dietary fiber powder and to provide a method for producing the powder. <P>SOLUTION: Lumber prepared by cutting and forming the palm oil trunk is pulverized, heated-air dried to about 6-18% of moisture content and then sieved into dietary fibers and vascular bundles. Thereby, the dietary fiber powder derived from the palm oil trunk and containing about ≥70% of the dietary fibers and further hemicellullose, pectin, cellulose, lignin and a mucilage is obtained. The sieving may be carried out at about 35-400 mesh. The cutting and forming may be carried out by a method for removing about 5 cm of trunk bark from a log obtained by laying and cutting the palm oil trunk and pulverizing the log with a pulverizer or forming the log into a square or a board material with a sawing machine. Furthermore, drying may be carried out after freezing to about -70 to 0°C or heated-air drying and freeze-drying in a drying chamber or air drying under natural conditions at about 15-35°C atmospheric temperature. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

【０００１】
【発明が属する技術分野】
本発明は、パームオイル幹由来の食物繊維粉末を得る方法、及び、それを有用に活用した食品に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
パームオイルは、およそ北緯１０度から南緯１０度の間に栽培され、原産地西アフリカからジャワに導入され、現在アフリカ各地、マレーシア、インドネシア、タイ国中心に広く栽培が行われている油科作物である。その果肉からとる油をパームオイル、殻内の身から搾る油をパーム核油、カーネル油と呼び、いずれも、食用及び工業用に供されている。パームオイルは、単位面積当たりの油生産量が最高で、植物油の供給源として世界貿易上最重要品のひとつになっている。商業的大規模農園が開かれたのは、東アジアのスマトラ及びマラヤ地域が最初であり、２０世紀初頭のことである。それ以後、大農園によるパームオイル栽培が、全世界の熱帯に広がり、各大規模農園内または生産集団内部に近代的搾油工場が建設された。非常に良質のパームオイル及びパーム核油の生産を行なう大農園の出現と共に、パームオイル生産も大きく変化し、現在では、マレーシアとインドネシアの２国で、世界のパームオイル輸出量の９０％を占める。このような生産量の増大に伴い、計画的栽培が要求されている。
【０００３】
２５年以上の幹齢のパームオイルの幹は、老幹となり、幹の処理に困難をきたしている。
パームオイル幹内部は、維管束組織が物理的支えになり養分の流路にもなっている。
幹全体の水分含有率が７５％以上あるので、熱帯の気温の高さにより、倒してからの腐敗が早く、従来は副産物の再利用ができなかった。
そのため、老パームオイル幹は倒されその場で焼き捨てられるのが通常であった。また、老パームオイル幹を切って栽培園外へ運びだすコストが高価である点から、再植計画も困難であった。
【０００４】
本発明者は、パームオイル幹を有効利用し、農園の経費節減と再植にも寄与するために、
【特許文献１】特許公開２０００−３３３６４１号
を開示している。
この文献では、茶などの加工飲料に適するパームオイル食物繊維粉末を開示している。
しかし、多種多様の飲食品に汎用できるパームオイル食物繊維粉末が得られたとは、必ずしも言い難かった。
【０００５】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
そこで、本発明は、一層パームオイル幹を有効利用し、多種多様の飲食品に汎用できるパームオイル食物繊維粉末及びその含有食品と、その製造方法を提供することを課題とする。
【０００６】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者は、更なる改良研究の結果、パームオイル幹を一層有効に活用し、多種多様の飲食品に汎用できるパームオイル食物繊維粉末及びその含有食品と、その製造方法を得た。
すなわち、本発明のパームオイル食物繊維粉末の製造方法は、パームオイル幹を切断成形した製材を粉砕して、水分約６〜１８％に熱乾燥し、次いで食物繊維と維管束に篩い分けすることで、食物繊維を約７０％以上含むと共に、へミセルロース、ペクチン、セルロース、リグニン、粘液を含有するパームオイル幹由来の食物繊維粉末を得ることを特徴とする。
【０００７】
ここで、食物繊維の篩い分けを、約３５〜４００メッシュ程度で行ってもよい。
【０００８】
パームオイル幹の切断形成は、パームオイル幹を倒して切断した丸太から、幹皮を約５ｃｍ取り除き、その丸太を粉砕機で粉砕するか、製材機械にて角材または板材に成形する方法で行ってもよい。
【０００９】
製材または粉砕したパームオイル幹を、約−７０〜０℃に冷凍した後に、乾燥を行ってもよい。
【００１０】
製材または粉砕したパームオイル幹の乾燥は、乾燥室における熱風乾燥及び凍結乾燥、または、気温約１５〜３５℃の自然環境下における風乾燥でもよい。
【００１１】
本発明によるパームオイル食物繊維粉末は、パームオイル幹を切断成形した製材を粉砕して、水分約６〜１８％に熱乾燥し、次いで食物繊維と維管束に篩い分けすることで得て、食物繊維を約７０％以上含むと共に、へミセルロース、ペクチン、セルロース、リグニン、粘液を含有することを特徴とする。
【００１２】
本発明による食物繊維粉末含有食品は、例えば、穀物粉末及び穀物外皮粉末：モロヘイヤ、ほうれんそう、人参、アロエ、高麗人参等の野菜粉末：豆類の粉末、とうふ：いも類の粉末、種実類粉末：果実粉末：きのこ類粉末：海藻類粉末；植物根幹葉粉末、香辛料粉末、カレー粉末等の植物性食品の乾燥粉末など、少なくとも、穀物粉末、穀物外皮粉末、野菜粉末、種実類粉末、果実粉末、きのこ類粉末、海藻類粉末、植物根幹葉粉末のいずれかの乾燥粉末を、パームオイル食物繊維粉末に混合して形成してもよい。
【００１３】
また、例えば、グルコマンナン、サイリュウム、モロヘイヤ、粘質物等の粘質物；アラビアガム、ガラヤガム、ガッテンガム、タマリンド種子ガム、ローカストビーンガム、グアーガム等の植物ガム：ペクチン及びその誘導体：等の植物性食品から得られる水溶性食物繊維を含有する製品など、少なくとも、食用粘質物、植物ガム、ペクチン及びその誘導体のいずれかの水溶性食物繊維を、パームオイル食物繊維粉末に混合して形成してもよい。
【００１４】
例えば、穀類外皮：野菜類：ビート、ごぼう、かんぴょう、たけのこ等：いも類、きのこ類及び海藻類等から得られる食物繊維：等の不溶性食物繊維を主とする製品など、少なくとも、穀類外皮、野菜類、いも類、きのこ類、海藻類のいずれかの不溶性食物繊維を、パームオイル食物繊維粉末に、混合して形成してもよい。
【００１５】
例えば、カードラン、ジェランガム等の微生物産生多糖類：食用酵母粉末及びクロレラ粉末：乳酸菌など、少なくとも、微生物産生多糖類、食用酵母粉末、食用微生物粉末、食用菌類のいずれかの微生物系物質を、パームオイル食物繊維粉末に、混合して形成してもよい。
【００１６】
例えば、難消化性デキストリン：抵抗でんぷん：オリゴ糖類：等の難消化性糖類など、
パームオイル食物繊維粉末に、難消化性糖類を混合して形成してもよい。
【００１７】
例えば、粉ミルク、コーヒー粉末、カカオ粉末、紅茶粉末、茶葉粉末など、水溶によって飲料になる粉体を、パームオイル食物繊維粉末に、混合して形成してもよい。
【００１８】
他方、例えば、味噌、醤油、マヨネーズ、ソース、ケチャップ、ドレッシング、魚ペースト、肉ペーストなどの調味料に、パームオイル食物繊維粉末を混合して形成してもよい。
【００１９】
また、例えば、穀物ジュース、野菜ジュ−ス、果実ジュース、飲料水、果実ジャム、冷菓、冷凍食品など、液体または半個体性食品に、パームオイル食物繊維粉末を混合して形成してもよい。
【００２０】
例えば、ビスケット、飴、せんべい、パン、カステラ、羊羹、餡子、ケーキ、洋菓子、和菓子、ハンバーグ、餃子、シュウマイ、ソーセージ、コロッケ、てんぷら、麺類；うどん、そば、ラーメン、スパゲッティー、マカロニ、即席麺；めん、うどん、ラーメン、焼きそばなど、粉体を材料に含有して製造される食品に、パームオイル食物繊維粉末を混合して形成してもよい。
【００２１】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下に、本発明の実施形態を図面の例を用いて説明する。
図１は、植樹されているパームオイルの一部正面図であり、図２は、パームオイル幹の断面図である。
パームオイル幹は、７５％以上の水分含有量があり、強度の維管束組織と維管束をとりまく繊維質からなっていて、特に維管束（１３）は網の目のように幹全体を張りめぐらしている。そのため、その処理に困難をきわめていたが、鋭意検討の結果、老パームオイル幹を倒し、維管束（１３）と維管束をとりまく繊維質（１４）に選別することにより、パームオイル幹を焼き捨てることなく、食物繊維パームオイル幹粉末として再利用できる知見を得た。
【００２２】
幹齢２５年以上経った老パームオイル幹をも含めて、パームオイル幹を、その地上約３〜４ｍの高さ位置に、ブルドーザーの先端を当てて押し倒し、根より１〜２ｍ上部の幹をチェンソーで切断して、根部（１１）と幹（１２）に分離する。そして、パームオイル幹丸太を製材工場に運搬し製材機械にて、図３及び４に示す角材（２１）、板材（２２）に製材する。
【００２３】
製材、丸太材を、大鋸屑に粉砕し、維管束と食物繊維を自然環境下、または、熱風乾燥で水分６〜１８％になるまで乾燥し、次いで微細粉砕機械にて粉砕する。次いで、３５〜４００メッシュに篩い別けすることで、食物繊維７０％以上含み、かつ、不溶性ヘミセルロース、ペクチン、セルロース、リグニン、粘液を含有した食物繊維パームオイル幹粉末を得る。
【００２４】
乾燥程度は、パームオイル幹粉砕物の水分含有量の状態によって適宜設定されるが、乾燥後に食物繊維を多量含有し、パームオイル幹粉末の水分量が１８％以下となっていることが好適である。この条件は、商品として流通させることと、パームオイル幹粉末を腐敗させないことからも必要である。
【００２５】
たんぱく質の栄養価は、それを構成するアミノ酸の種類量によって優劣がきまる。アミノ酸のうちでも、イソロイシン、ロイシン、リジン、メチオニン、フェニールアラニン、スレオニン、トリフトファン、バリンの８種類は人体でほとんど合成されないために、人体にとって必要不可欠なものであり、これら必修アミノ酸はかならず食物からとらなければならないものである。この他に、ヒスチジンが新たに必須と認められ、アルギニンも発育期には不可欠であるとされている。
食物繊維パームオイル幹粉末は、これらの必修アミノ酸を含有している。今までの学説及び学術文献等では、食物繊維には、栄養素がないとのことであったが、食物繊維パームオイル幹粉末は、繊維質の他に栄養素をも含有するので、創医療栄養食品、創栄養食品として活用できる。
また、ビタミンについては、ビタミンＢ２、Ｂ５、Ｂ６、ビタミンＤ、ビタミンＫが含有されている。
【００２６】
上記製法によって得られた食物繊維パームオイル幹粉末は、多量に食物繊維を含有し、その成分の分析結果は次の通りである。
表１
パームオイル幹粉末中の含有成分

【００２７】
表２
食物繊維中の含有成分

【００２８】
表３
パームオイル幹粉末１００ｇ中の無機質（ミネラル）含有量

【００２９】
表４
食物繊維多量含有パームオイル幹粉末１００ｇ中のビタミン含有量

【００３０】
表５
食物繊維多量含有パームオイル幹粉末１００ｇ中アミノ酸含有量

【００３１】
表６
食物繊維多量含有パームオイル幹粉末の衛生的品質

【００３２】
以上のように、食物繊維パームオイル幹粉末は、不溶性へミセルロース、ペクチン、セルロース、リグニン、粘液質を多量に含有しているが、これを服用することにより、どのように整理作用があるかどうか検討してみたところ次のような結果が得た。
【００３３】
身長１６９ｃｍ体重６０ｋｇ６４歳男性に、朝食、昼食、夕食１週間同一食（ご飯３００ｇ、鶏肉野菜煮込み約８５０ｇ（鶏肉１００ｇ、白菜２００ｇ、きゃべつ２００ｇ、じゃがいも１５０ｇ、いんげん１００ｇ、人参７０ｇ）、セロリ１００ｇ、マヨネーズ２０ｇ、焼き海苔、朝食だけ納豆５０ｇを摂取し、かつ、食物繊維パームオイル幹粉末２５０メッシュ、大スプーン２杯１４ｇ乾燥水分１０％をお湯または水３００ｍｌに混ぜて、食中に飲用させた。人体の腸内における生理作用について、消化管内の通過時間及び微生物による有害物質等を検査した。
【００３４】
その結果、食物の通過時間は約６０時間であった。
５日間毎朝、排便を回収したところ、１回の標準排便量は約１１０ｇであり、色は明るい壁色で、粘度があり、臭気がなく、粘液水分約８０％で柔らかであった。
回収した１１０ｇの排便を水で溶解し、水だけを脱水する布で脱水して、食物の残渣物約２０ｇ水分約６５％を回収した。
回収した食物残渣物２０ｇを、室内気温２４〜２８度で、製紙の上に広げ約７〜１０時間乾燥して、水分約１６％の食物残渣物を回収した。
取り出した残渣物からは、約９０％食物繊維パームオイル幹粉末約１２ｇ水分約１５％が回収された。
従って、食物繊維パームオイル幹粉末は、１日４２ｇを飲用したが、約３０ｇが腸内の細菌などによって消化されたか、ペクチンやへミセルロースの一部が腸内で吸収されたと推測される。
【００３５】
食物摂取に対して野菜で比較的食物繊維含有が多い野菜を選定してこころみたが、野菜からの残渣物は少なく、食物繊維パームオイル幹粉末の作用にて完全に消化されたか、もともと不溶性の食物繊維の含有が少ないかは判断に苦慮するが、食物繊維パームオイル幹粉末は、消化管内で消化作用を助け、食物中に均等に混入して腸内細菌等有害物質の生成を抑え、臭気のない糞便を作ることが明らかになった。大腸管内での細菌等の生成を完全に抑え、便秘の改善はもとより、血糖値の大幅な改善効果があり糖尿病の改善及び肥満、高血圧、高脂血症等に効果があがることが判明した。
【００３６】
血糖値が高く糖尿病と診断されている６４歳男性に、パームオイル幹粉末を朝食、昼食、夕食（約１８００カロリー）中に約１４ｇ（大さじ山盛り２杯）をお湯または水３００ｍｌで６０日間摂取した結果、表７のように、血糖値２３４が１１４、総コレステロール２０９が１６９、中性脂肪２２１が１１９、ヘモグロビン９．４が６．４、最高血圧１４９が１２８、最低血圧９９が８２に改善された。
【００３７】
表７
摂取による血液の変化

【００３８】
本発明による食物繊維含有パームオイル幹粉末は、白黄色の粉末であり、必要に応じて賦形剤、例えば澱粉、乳糖、ブドウ糖、水等を加えた後、慣用の手段を用いて食用に適した形状、顆粒状、錠剤、カプセル、ペースト、等に形成し、食物繊維を有効に利用した食品として提供できる。
【００３９】
また、３２歳女性が、食物繊維含有パームオイル幹粉末７ｇを食後お湯または水に良く混ぜて飲用した結果、３日後大幅に便秘が改善された。
【００４０】
３５歳女性が、下剤で便秘改善をこころみたが改善せず、食物繊維含有パームオイル幹粉末をハチミツで固めて錠剤にし、錠剤１個２５０ｍｇを食後１５錠良く噛んで水またはお湯２００ｍｌで飲んだ結果、３日後に改善された。
【００４１】
１歳６ヶ月の女子乳児が、粉ミルク計量スプーン６杯お湯２４０ｍｌに食物繊維含有パームオイル粉末２ｇを良く混ぜて飲用の結果、質が良く硬い便に改善された。
【００４２】
５９歳女性が、食物繊維含有パームオイル幹粉末大さじ１杯（７ｇ）をお湯または水２００ｍｌで良くかき混ぜて食事後３ヶ月飲用した結果、水虫が改善された。
【００４３】
５０歳男性が３年間通風で苦しんでいたが、食物繊維含有パームオイル幹粉末を１日７ｇを２ヶ月飲用した結果、痛みが改善した。
【００４４】
このように食物繊維含有パームオイル幹粉末は創医療食品、創栄養食品として有効な効能を有するものであるが、その作用を学術的に検証するため、以下のように実験を行った。
まず、５週齢のｓｐｒａｇｕｅ−ｄａｗｌｙ系の雄ラットを用いて、飼料中に食物繊維含有パームオイル幹粉末（６０及び１００メッシュ）を５％含有させた場合の消化官機能への影響を、同じ木材由来の食物繊維であるセルロースを５％含有する飼料の場合と比較した。
【００４５】
表８
摂取による糞の変化

【００４６】
表９
摂取による糞の変化

【００４７】
この表に示すように、内容物の消化管通過時間に差は見られないが、排泄された糞の性状に著しい特徴のあることが判明した。すなわち、セルロース群に比べて、食物繊維含有パームオイル幹粉末群は、糞の湿重量及び乾物重量には差は見られないが、１日当たりの糞個数が多い上に糞１個当りの長さと幅が大きかった。このことは、糞のカサのみ大きいが、必ずしも消化管通過時間を短縮するとは限らないことを示している。
【００４８】
この結果を受けて、糞のカサ増大効果により、糞のその他の性状（ｐＨ、臭気等）について、他の食物繊維（セルロース、グルコマンナン、小麦フスマ）と混合して投与した場合に、どのような効果が現れるかを検討するために、次の実験を行った。
４週齢（体重７３ｇ〜８４ｇ）のＳｐｒａｇｕｅ−Ｄａｗｌｙ系雄ラット（東京実験動物（株））を用い、ショ糖を糖質源として、各種の栄養素及び食物繊維を含有する６群（Ａ〜Ｆ）の飼料群を投与して、２８日間飼育した。ここでグルコマンナンは水溶性食物繊維製品、小麦フスマは不溶性食物繊維製品、セルロースはコントロールとして選択したものである。各飼料（実験食）群の成分組成を表１０に示す。
【００４９】
表１０
実験食群の成分組成（％）

【００５０】
ラットは１群につき７匹飼育し、糞は、飼育終了前の５日間毎日採取し、各群７匹分の糞について、湿重量、ｐＨ、消化管通過時間、アンモニア、総アミンを測定し、平均値を算出した。
各飼料群における測定結果を図５に示す。パームオイル繊維群及びパームオイル幹繊維群＋グルコマンナン群、パームオイル幹繊維＋小麦フスマ群の各測定結果をコントロールであるセルロース群と比較検討する。
まず、糞の湿重量についてみると、パームオイル幹繊維群及びパームオイル幹繊維＋グルコマンナン群、パームオイル幹繊維＋小麦フスマ群についてはセルロース群との間にはほとんど差はみられなかった。
【００５１】
糞のｐＨについてみると、セルロース群においては７．６と弱アルカリ性となっているのに対し、パームオイル幹繊維群では６．８と弱酸性となって、低下効果が認められた。パームオイル幹繊維＋グルコマンナン群、パームオイル幹繊維＋小麦フスマ群についても同様に弱酸性となっている。
このようなｐＨの低下は腸内において微生物による有害物質の生成現象が抑えられていることを示している。
そこで、有害な代謝産物であるアンモニア、アミン等の臭気成分量を比較してみると、パームオイル幹繊維群においてはセルロース群と比較して１０分の１以下に低下していて、顕著な効果が認められた。パームオイル幹繊維＋グルコマンナン群、パームオイル幹繊維＋小麦フスマ群についても同様な効果が認められた。
【００５２】
糞の消化管内通過時間についてみると、パームオイル幹繊維とセルロース群との間に有意差は認められない。しかしながら、パームオイル幹繊維＋グルコマンナン群、パームオイル幹繊維＋小麦フスマについてはセルロース群と比較して消化管内通過時間の短縮が顕著に認められた。特にパームオイル幹繊維＋グルコマンナン群について効果が顕著である。
消化管内通過時間の短縮に関しては、他の食物繊維を添加することによって消化管内通過時間の短い良質な食品が得られる。
【００５３】
【発明の効果】
本発明は、上述の構成を備えることによって、下記の効果を奏する。
すなわち、パームオイル幹は７５％以上保持しているため熱帯地方の気温の高さで倒してからの腐敗が早く副産物の再利用ができなかったものを、本発明によれば老パームオイル幹を倒し粉砕し、維管束と維管束を取り巻く繊維質に選別し、繊維質をさらに細かいメッシュにかけることにより、不溶性食物繊維を７０％以上含有し、かつ、へミセルロース、ペクチン、セルロース、リグニン、粘液を含有し、かつ、ビタミンＢ１、Ｂ５、Ｂ６、ビタミンＤ、ビタミンＫも含有しているパームオイル食物繊維粉末が得られる。
人体で合成されない必須アミノ酸であるイソロイシン、ロイシン、リジン、メチオニン、フェニールアラニン、スレオニン、トリプトフアン、バリンの８種類も含有しているので、創医療栄養食品、創栄養食品として活用できる。
更に、短期間の摂取でも、血糖の低下と糞便のカサが増大される。
また、腸内における微生物による有害物質の生成現象を抑え、糞便のｐＨを下げ、臭気成分を減少させる効果も有する。
他の食物繊維を混合することにより、消化管内通過時間を短縮し、糞便のｐＨを下げ、かつ臭気成分の少ない便を排出させ便質を改良させると共に、便量を増加するなど便通改善の効果を有する優れた作用を兼ね備える。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】植樹されているパームオイル幹の一部正面図
【図２】同、平面断面図
【図３】角材の斜視図
【図４】板材斜視図
【図５】飼料の違いによる糞への影響を示すグラフ
【符号の説明】
１地面
１０切断面
１１根部
１２幹内
１３維管束
１４繊維質（食物繊維）
１５幹皮
２１角材
２２板材[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for obtaining a dietary fiber powder derived from palm oil stem, and a food product utilizing the same.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Palm oil is an oil crop that is cultivated between about 10 degrees north latitude and 10 degrees south latitude, introduced into Java from its native West Africa, and is now widely cultivated throughout Africa, Malaysia, Indonesia and Thailand. . The oil obtained from the pulp is called palm oil, and the oil squeezed out of the shell is called palm kernel oil or kernel oil, and both are used for food and industrial purposes. Palm oil has the highest oil production per unit area and is one of the most important sources of vegetable oil in world trade as a source of vegetable oil. Commercial large-scale plantations were first opened in the Sumatra and Malaya regions of East Asia, early in the 20th century. Since then, palm oil cultivation by large plantations has spread throughout the tropics around the world, and modern oil mills have been built within each large plantation or production group. With the advent of plantations that produce very high quality palm oil and palm kernel oil, the production of palm oil has also changed significantly, with Malaysia and Indonesia now accounting for 90% of global palm oil exports. . With such an increase in production, planned cultivation is required.
[0003]
Palm oil trunks that are more than 25 years old have become old stems and have difficulties in treating them.
Inside the palm oil trunk, the vascular tissue serves as a physical support and also serves as a channel for nutrients.
Since the water content of the entire trunk is 75% or more, the high temperature in the tropics causes rapid decay after being knocked down, so that by-products could not be reused conventionally.
Therefore, the old palm oil trunk was usually knocked down and burned on the spot. Also, replanting was difficult due to the high cost of cutting old palm oil trunks and transporting them out of the cultivation garden.
[0004]
The present inventor, in order to effectively use the palm oil trunk, to contribute to the cost reduction and replanting of the farm,
[Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2000-333641 is disclosed.
This document discloses palm oil dietary fiber powder suitable for processed beverages such as tea.
However, it has not always been possible to say that palm oil dietary fiber powder that can be widely used in a wide variety of foods and drinks has been obtained.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a palm oil dietary fiber powder which can be used for a wide variety of foods and beverages, a food containing the same, and a method for producing the same, which makes more effective use of the palm oil trunk.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of further improvement research, the present inventor has obtained a palm oil dietary fiber powder which can be widely used for a wide variety of foods and drinks, a food containing the same, and a method for producing the same, by utilizing palm oil trunks more effectively.
That is, in the method for producing palm oil dietary fiber powder of the present invention, a sawn oil obtained by cutting and molding a palm oil trunk is crushed, heat-dried to a water content of about 6 to 18%, and then sieved into dietary fiber and vascular bundles. Thus, it is characterized in that a dietary fiber powder derived from palm oil stem containing hemicellulose, pectin, cellulose, lignin, and mucus is contained while containing about 70% or more of dietary fiber.
[0007]
Here, the sieving of the dietary fiber may be performed at about 35 to 400 mesh.
[0008]
The cutting of the palm oil trunk is performed by removing the stem bark from the log cut by tilting the palm oil trunk to about 5 cm, and crushing the log with a crusher or shaping it into a square or plate material with a sawmill. Is also good.
[0009]
The lumbered or ground palm oil trunk may be frozen at about -70 to 0 ° C before drying.
[0010]
The drying of the sawn or ground palm oil trunk may be hot air drying and freeze drying in a drying room, or air drying in a natural environment at a temperature of about 15 to 35 ° C.
[0011]
The palm oil dietary fiber powder according to the present invention is obtained by crushing a sawn timber obtained by cutting and shaping a palm oil trunk, heat-drying the lumber to a water content of about 6 to 18%, and then sieving the dietary fiber and vascular bundle. It is characterized by containing about 70% or more of fibers and containing hemicellulose, pectin, cellulose, lignin and mucus.
[0012]
The dietary fiber powder-containing food according to the present invention includes, for example, cereal powder and cereal hull powder: vegetable powders such as moroheya, spinach, ginseng, aloe, ginseng, etc .: powders of legumes, tofu: powders of potatoes, powders of seeds: fruits Powder: mushroom powder: seaweed powder; at least cereal powder, cereal hull powder, vegetable powder, seed seed powder, fruit powder, mushroom, such as dry powder of plant foods such as plant root stem powder, spice powder, curry powder, etc. A dry powder of any of a kind powder, a seaweed powder and a plant root leaf powder may be mixed with palm oil dietary fiber powder to form.
[0013]
Also, for example, plant foods such as glucomannan, syllium, moroheya, mucilage, etc .; Such as a product containing water-soluble dietary fiber obtained from, at least, water-soluble dietary fiber of any of edible mucilage, vegetable gum, pectin and its derivatives, may be formed by mixing with palm oil dietary fiber powder. .
[0014]
For example, at least cereal hulls and vegetables, such as products mainly containing insoluble dietary fiber such as cereal hulls: vegetables: beets, burdock, canopy, bamboo shoots, etc .: dietary fiber obtained from potatoes, mushrooms, seaweeds, etc. An insoluble dietary fiber of any of a kind, a potato, a mushroom, and a seaweed may be formed by mixing with a palm oil dietary fiber powder.
[0015]
For example, a microorganism-producing polysaccharide such as curdlan and gellan gum: edible yeast powder and chlorella powder: at least any one of microbial substances such as a lactic acid bacterium, a microorganism-produced polysaccharide, edible yeast powder, edible microbial powder, or edible fungi is added to palm. It may be formed by mixing with oil dietary fiber powder.
[0016]
For example, indigestible saccharides such as indigestible dextrin: resistant starch: oligosaccharides:
It may be formed by mixing indigestible saccharides with palm oil dietary fiber powder.
[0017]
For example, powders that become drinkable by water solubility, such as powdered milk, coffee powder, cocoa powder, black tea powder, and tea leaf powder, may be mixed with palm oil dietary fiber powder to form.
[0018]
On the other hand, for example, it may be formed by mixing palm oil dietary fiber powder with seasonings such as miso, soy sauce, mayonnaise, sauce, ketchup, dressing, fish paste, meat paste and the like.
[0019]
Further, for example, it may be formed by mixing palm oil dietary fiber powder with a liquid or semi-solid food such as cereal juice, vegetable juice, fruit juice, drinking water, fruit jam, frozen dessert, frozen food and the like.
[0020]
For example, biscuit, candy, rice cracker, bread, castella, yokan, bean paste, cake, western confectionery, Japanese confectionery, hamburger, gyoza, shumai, sausage, croquette, tempura, noodles; udon, buckwheat, ramen, spaghetti, macaroni, instant noodles; It may be formed by mixing a palm oil dietary fiber powder with a food such as noodles, udon, ramen, yakisoba and the like, which contains powder as a material.
[0021]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a partial front view of a palm oil planted, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a palm oil trunk.
The palm oil trunk has a water content of 75% or more and is composed of strong vascular tissue and fibrous material surrounding the vascular bundle. In particular, the vascular bundle (13) stretches the entire trunk like a mesh. ing. Therefore, the treatment was extremely difficult, but as a result of intensive examination, the old palm oil trunk was defeated, and the palm oil trunk was burned off by selecting the vascular bundle (13) and the fiber surrounding the vascular bundle (14). However, it was found that it could be reused as dietary fiber palm oil stem powder.
[0022]
The palm oil trunk, including the old palm oil trunk that has been over 25 years old, is pushed down with the tip of a bulldozer at the height of about 3-4m above the ground, and the trunk 1-2m above the root is Cut with a chain saw and separate into root (11) and trunk (12). Then, the palm oil trunk log is transported to a sawmill and is sawn by a sawmill into lumber (21) and plate (22) shown in FIGS.
[0023]
The sawn timber and log are pulverized into sawdust, the vascular bundle and the dietary fiber are dried in a natural environment or by hot air drying until the water content becomes 6 to 18%, and then pulverized by a fine pulverizer. Then, the mixture is sieved to 35 to 400 mesh to obtain a dietary fiber palm oil stem powder containing 70% or more of dietary fiber and containing insoluble hemicellulose, pectin, cellulose, lignin, and mucus.
[0024]
The degree of drying is appropriately set depending on the state of the water content of the ground palm oil stem, and it is preferable that the dried palm oil stem contains a large amount of dietary fiber and the moisture content of the palm oil stem powder is 18% or less. is there. This condition is also necessary in order to be distributed as a commercial product and to keep the palm oil stem powder from spoiling.
[0025]
The nutritional value of a protein depends on the type and amount of the amino acids that make it up. Of the amino acids, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, triftophan, and valine are hardly synthesized in the human body, so they are indispensable for the human body. It must be taken from. In addition, histidine is newly recognized as essential, and arginine is also considered to be indispensable during development.
Dietary fiber palm oil stem powder contains these required amino acids. According to previous theories and academic literature, dietary fiber does not contain nutrients, but dietary fiber palm oil stem powder contains nutrients in addition to fiber, so it is a medical nutritional food. It can be used as a nutritional food.
As for vitamins, vitamins B2, B5, B6, vitamin D, and vitamin K are contained.
[0026]
The dietary fiber palm oil stem powder obtained by the above method contains a large amount of dietary fiber, and the analysis results of its components are as follows.
Table 1
Ingredients in palm oil stem powder

[0027]
Table 2
Ingredients in dietary fiber

[0028]
Table 3
Inorganic (mineral) content in 100 g of palm oil stem powder

[0029]
Table 4
Vitamin content in 100 g of palm oil stem powder containing large amounts of dietary fiber

[0030]
Table 5
Amino acid content in 100 g of palm oil stem powder containing a large amount of dietary fiber

[0031]
Table 6
Hygienic quality of palm oil stem powder containing large amounts of dietary fiber

[0032]
As described above, dietary fiber palm oil stem powder contains a large amount of insoluble hemicellulose, pectin, cellulose, lignin, and mucus. After examination, the following results were obtained.
[0033]
Breakfast, lunch, dinner 1 week same meal (rice 300g, chicken vegetable stew about 850g (chicken 100g, Chinese cabbage 200g, cabbage 200g, potato 150g, green beans 100g, carrot 70g), celery 100g, mayonnaise 20 g, baked laver, 50 g of natto for breakfast only, and dietary fiber palm oil stem powder 250 mesh, 2 large spoons 14 g, dry water 10% were mixed with hot or cold water 300 ml and drunk during the meal. About the physiological action in the intestine, the transit time in the digestive tract and harmful substances by microorganisms were examined.
[0034]
As a result, the food passage time was about 60 hours.
The defecation was collected every morning for 5 days, and the standard defecation amount per time was about 110 g, the color was bright wall color, the color was viscous, there was no odor, and the mucous moisture was about 80% and soft.
The recovered 110 g of defecation was dissolved in water, and dehydrated with a cloth that dehydrates only water, to recover about 20 g of food residue and about 65% of water.
20 g of the collected food residue was spread on paper and dried for about 7 to 10 hours at a room temperature of 24 to 28 ° C. to collect a food residue having a water content of about 16%.
About 90% of dietary fiber palm oil stem powder, about 12 g, and about 15% of water were recovered from the removed residue.
Therefore, it was presumed that 42 g of dietary fiber palm oil stem powder was consumed daily, but about 30 g was digested by bacteria in the intestine or the like, or a part of pectin or hemicellulose was absorbed in the intestine.
[0035]
We tried to select a vegetable with relatively high dietary fiber content for dietary intake, but we found that the residue from the vegetable was small and that it was completely digested by the action of dietary fiber palm oil stem powder or was originally insoluble. Although it is difficult to determine whether the dietary fiber content is low, the dietary fiber palm oil stem powder helps digestion in the digestive tract, evenly mixes in food to suppress the production of intestinal bacteria and other harmful substances, and reduces odor. It turned out to make no feces. It has been found that the production of bacteria and the like in the large intestine is completely suppressed, and constipation is improved, as well as blood sugar level is significantly improved, and diabetes is improved, and obesity, hypertension, hyperlipidemia and the like are improved.
[0036]
A 64-year-old man with high blood sugar level and diagnosed with diabetes, ingested about 14 g (2 tablespoons heaped) of palm oil stem powder during breakfast, lunch and dinner (about 1800 calories) with hot water or 300 ml of water for 60 days. As a result, as shown in Table 7, the blood glucose level 234 was improved to 114, the total cholesterol 209 to 169, the neutral fat 221 to 119, the hemoglobin 9.4 to 6.4, the systolic blood pressure 149 to 128, and the diastolic blood pressure 99 to 82. Was.
[0037]
Table 7
Changes in blood due to ingestion

[0038]
The dietary fiber-containing palm oil stem powder according to the present invention is a white-yellow powder, and after adding excipients, for example, starch, lactose, glucose, water, etc., if necessary, is edible using conventional means. It can be formed into various shapes, granules, tablets, capsules, pastes, and the like, and can be provided as foods using dietary fiber effectively.
[0039]
In addition, as a result of a 32-year-old woman drinking 7 g of dietary fiber-containing palm oil stem powder after mixing with hot or cold water, drinking constipation was significantly improved 3 days later.
[0040]
A 35-year-old woman tried to improve constipation with a laxative, but did not improve. Her palm oil stem powder containing dietary fiber was solidified into a tablet with honey, and a tablet of 250 mg was chewed with 15 tablets after eating and drank with 200 ml of water or hot water. As a result, it improved three days later.
[0041]
A 1-year-old and 6-month-old female infant was able to drink 2 g of dietary fiber-containing palm oil powder in 240 ml of hot water and 6 g of a spoonful of powdered milk.
[0042]
A 59-year-old woman swallowed 1 tablespoon (7 g) of dietary fiber-containing palm oil stem powder with 200 ml of hot or cold water for 3 months after eating, and the athlete's foot improved.
[0043]
A 50-year-old man suffered from ventilation for 3 years, but as a result of drinking 7 g of dietary fiber-containing palm oil stem powder per day for 2 months, the pain improved.
[0044]
As described above, the dietary fiber-containing palm oil stem powder has an effective effect as a medical food or a nutritional food, but the following experiment was conducted in order to scientifically verify the action.
First, the effect on the digestive function when 5% of dietary fiber-containing palm oil stem powder (60 and 100 mesh) was added to the diet using 5-week-old sprague-dawly male rats was the same. The comparison was made with a feed containing 5% cellulose, which is a dietary fiber derived from wood.
[0045]
Table 8
Changes in feces due to ingestion

[0046]
Table 9
Changes in feces due to ingestion

[0047]
As shown in this table, there was no difference in the transit time of the contents through the digestive tract, but it was found that the excreted feces had remarkable characteristics. That is, compared to the cellulose group, the dietary fiber-containing palm oil stem powder group has no difference in wet weight and dry matter weight of feces, but has a large number of feces per day and a length per feces. The width was large. This indicates that only fecal mass is large, but does not necessarily shorten the gastrointestinal transit time.
[0048]
Based on this result, due to the effect of increasing fecal lump, what other properties (pH, odor, etc.) of feces are mixed with other dietary fiber (cellulose, glucomannan, wheat bran), The following experiment was conducted in order to examine whether such an effect would appear.
Using Sprague-Dawly male rats (Tokyo Experimental Animals Co., Ltd.) of 4 weeks of age (body weight: 73 g to 84 g), 6 groups (AF) containing various nutrients and dietary fiber using sucrose as a carbohydrate source ) Was administered and bred for 28 days. Here, glucomannan is a water-soluble dietary fiber product, wheat bran is an insoluble dietary fiber product, and cellulose is a control. Table 10 shows the component composition of each feed (experimental food) group.
[0049]
Table 10
Ingredient composition of experimental diet group (%)

[0050]
Seven rats were bred per group, and feces were collected every day for 5 days before the end of breeding. For feces for each group, the wet weight, pH, gastrointestinal transit time, ammonia, and total amine were measured. The average was calculated.
The measurement results for each feed group are shown in FIG. The measurement results of the palm oil fiber group and the palm oil trunk fiber group + glucomannan group, and the measurement results of the palm oil stem fiber + wheat bran group are compared with the cellulose group as a control.
First, regarding the wet weight of feces, there was almost no difference between the cellulose group in the palm oil trunk fiber group, the palm oil trunk fiber + glucomannan group, and the palm oil trunk fiber + wheat bran group.
[0051]
Regarding the pH of feces, the cellulose group was slightly alkaline at 7.6, while the palm oil trunk fiber group was slightly acidic at 6.8, indicating a lowering effect. Similarly, the palm oil trunk fiber + glucomannan group and the palm oil trunk fiber + wheat bran group are also weakly acidic.
Such a decrease in pH indicates that the generation of harmful substances by microorganisms in the intestine is suppressed.
A comparison of the amounts of odorous components such as ammonia and amines, which are harmful metabolites, shows that the palm oil trunk fiber group is less than one-tenth that of the cellulose group, indicating a remarkable effect. Was observed. Similar effects were observed for the palm oil trunk fiber + glucomannan group and the palm oil trunk fiber + wheat bran group.
[0052]
As for the transit time of feces in the digestive tract, there is no significant difference between palm oil stem fiber and cellulose group. However, in the palm oil trunk fiber + glucomannan group and the palm oil trunk fiber + wheat bran, the shortening of the transit time in the digestive tract was remarkably recognized as compared with the cellulose group. In particular, the effect is remarkable for the palm oil trunk fiber + glucomannan group.
As for shortening the transit time in the digestive tract, a high-quality food having a short transit time in the digestive tract can be obtained by adding another dietary fiber.
[0053]
【The invention's effect】
The present invention has the following effects by providing the above configuration.
In other words, according to the present invention, the palm oil trunk, which retains 75% or more of the palm oil trunk, quickly decays after being knocked down due to the high temperature in the tropics and cannot reuse by-products. By inverting and crushing, selecting the vascular bundle and the fiber surrounding the vascular bundle, and applying the fiber to a finer mesh, the fiber contains at least 70% of insoluble dietary fiber, and contains hemicellulose, pectin, cellulose, lignin, A palm oil dietary fiber powder containing mucus and also containing vitamins B1, B5, B6, vitamin D and vitamin K is obtained.
It also contains eight essential amino acids that are not synthesized in the human body: isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, and valine.
In addition, short-term ingestion also reduces blood sugar and increases fecal lump.
It also has the effect of suppressing the generation of harmful substances by microorganisms in the intestine, lowering the pH of feces, and reducing odor components.
By mixing other dietary fibers, shortening the transit time in the gastrointestinal tract, lowering the pH of feces, discharging feces with less odor components and improving fecal quality, and increasing fecal volume by increasing fecal volume It also has the excellent function of having
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a partial front view of a palm oil trunk planted. FIG. 2 is a plan sectional view of the same. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a square lumber. FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a plate lumber. Graph showing the effect of
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Ground 10 Cut surface 11 Root 12 Trunk 13 Vascular bundle 14 Fiber (dietary fiber)
15 Stem bar 21 Square material 22 Plate material

Claims

Crush the sawn timber cut and molded from palm oil trunk,
By heat drying to about 6-18% moisture and then sieving into fiber and vascular bundles,
A method for producing palm oil dietary fiber powder, comprising obtaining palm oil stem-derived dietary fiber powder containing at least about 70% dietary fiber and containing hemicellulose, pectin, cellulose, lignin, and mucus.

The method for producing a palm oil dietary fiber powder according to claim 1, wherein the sieving of the dietary fiber is performed at about 35 to 400 mesh.

The cutting formation of the palm oil trunk
The palm according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a trunk skin is removed about 5 cm from the log cut by cutting the palm oil trunk, and the log is pulverized by a pulverizer or formed into a square or plate material by a sawing machine. Oil dietary fiber powder manufacturing method.

The method for producing a palm oil dietary fiber powder according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the sawn or ground palm oil trunk is dried after being frozen at about -70 to 0 ° C.

The drying of sawn or ground palm oil trunk
The method for producing palm oil dietary fiber powder according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein hot air drying and freeze drying in a drying chamber or air drying in a natural environment at an air temperature of about 15 to 35 ° C.

Crush the sawn timber cut and molded from palm oil trunk,
Obtained by heat drying to about 6-18% moisture and then sieving into fiber and vascular bundles,
A palm oil dietary fiber powder comprising at least about 70% dietary fiber and containing hemicellulose, pectin, cellulose, lignin and mucus.

Palm oil dietary fiber powder was formed by mixing at least any one of dry powders of cereal powder, cereal hull powder, vegetable powder, seed powder, fruit powder, mushroom powder, seaweed powder, plant root stem powder. A food containing the palm oil dietary fiber powder according to claim 6.

The palm oil dietary fiber powder-containing food according to claim 6, wherein the palm oil dietary fiber powder is formed by mixing at least a water-soluble dietary fiber of an edible mucilage, a plant gum, pectin and a derivative thereof.

The palm oil dietary fiber powder-containing food according to claim 6, wherein the palm oil dietary fiber powder is formed by mixing at least one of insoluble dietary fibers of cereal hulls, vegetables, potatoes, mushrooms, and seaweed.

The palm oil dietary fiber powder-containing food according to claim 6, wherein the palm oil dietary fiber powder is formed by mixing at least any one of microbial substances of microorganism-produced polysaccharide, edible yeast powder, edible microbial powder, and edible fungi. .

The palm oil dietary fiber powder-containing food according to claim 6, which is formed by mixing an indigestible saccharide with the palm oil dietary fiber powder.

The palm oil dietary fiber powder-containing food according to claim 6, wherein the palm oil dietary fiber powder is mixed with a powder that becomes a beverage when dissolved in water.

The palm oil dietary fiber powder-containing food according to claim 6, which is formed by mixing palm oil dietary fiber powder with a seasoning.

The palm oil dietary fiber powder-containing food according to claim 6, which is formed by mixing palm oil dietary fiber powder with a liquid or semi-solid food.

The palm oil dietary fiber powder-containing food according to claim 6, which is formed by mixing palm oil dietary fiber powder with a food produced by including the powder in the material.