JP2004154780A - Method of manufacturing soil material - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method of manufacturing soil-material having high quality, high productivity, workability, economical efficiency, and versatility in use. <P>SOLUTION: A plurality of long flexible rigid bodies 27 mounted around a rotating axis 25 in an impact resistant treating container 12 are revolved at a high speed. The raw material of the soil-material is charged into the treating container 12. The soil-material is manufactured having smaller size than that of the raw material by breaking by hitting of each flexible rigid body 27 revolving at a high speed, by breaking by colliding to the inner wall surface of the treating container 12, or by breaking by mutual collision among the raw material. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2004,JPO

Description

  The present invention belongs to the technical field for producing soil materials, and mainly relates to the production of soil materials used in fields such as civil engineering, architecture, agriculture, forestry, fisheries, water treatment, small animal breeding, small animal cultivation, and microbial culture. Method. The present invention is also a technology that also serves as waste disposal.

  The soil material is a constituent material of the soil structure. Cobble stones, gravel, sand, silt, clay and composites thereof are widely known as soil materials. An earth structure, which is an aggregate of earth materials, usually has many gaps and contains moisture, air, and the like. Therefore, it can be said that the earth structure is a mixture of solid, liquid and gas.

  Regarding soil structures in the civil engineering and construction fields, mechanical properties such as compressibility, consolidation, shear resistance and fracture strength, physical properties such as particle size distribution, water content, specific gravity, etc., and water permeability are the most engineering aspects. Important and these are the basis of soil mechanics. Incidentally, an earth structure from an engineering point of view is a complex structure in which mechanical properties change remarkably depending on the ratio of solid, liquid, and gas, and sometimes exhibit elasticity, sometimes plasticity, and sometimes fluidity. Soil structures handled in the agriculture and forestry field are given more weight by their fertility, which is determined by their chemical and plant nutritional characteristics rather than their mechanical properties. In the fishery field where fish and shellfish are cultivated, it is necessary to select appropriate materials for the sand and gravel layers that are laid on the cultivation site (water bottom). The choice of this is important because it affects the processing effect. In the culture of microorganisms that colonize the soil and the breeding and cultivation of small animals, it is required for the soil structure to increase the survival rate and exhibit vigorous reproduction.

  There are plenty of natural materials and soil materials. However, the availability of natural soil materials and raw materials is severely restricted in that their use is limited by their material properties and that new extraction from nature leads to natural destruction. On the other hand, regarding the treatment (disposal) of poor soil, waste, sludge, weathered rock, sewage sludge, debris of crustaceans, pyroclastic sedimentary soil, construction-generated soil, etc., the surrounding environmental destruction and the rise in processing costs are problems. Not only that, the difficulty of securing landfills and dumps is a major barrier to the future. Under these circumstances, if the above-mentioned wastes and the like which are difficult to treat can be recycled and effectively used at a low treatment cost, these problems will be largely solved.

  Recycling and reuse of waste has been performed for a long time, and even those with a high degree of processing difficulty (processing difficulty) are being recycled and reused. At the time of these processings, sorting means, machining means, heat treatment means, chemical treatment means, mixing means, etc. are combined and implemented as necessary. The sorting means sorts waste based on the material, shape, size, and the like. There are many mechanical processing means, and pulverization processing and compression processing are often used. Examples of the heat treatment means include those intended for drying and incineration. The chemical treatment means renders the recycled material harmless or imparts specific properties thereto, and when the recycled material is a crushed material, solidifies it into a predetermined shape. Many of these chemical treatments use additives (additives). The mixing means is to mix different kinds of recycled materials or to mix the recycled materials with the additives.

  2. Description of the Related Art In the field of civil engineering, as a mechanical processing means for pulverizing and mixing processed materials, a device using a rotating energy (breaking energy) of a rotating body is used. Since the pulverizing and mixing apparatus used in the civil engineering field can pulverize and mix even hard materials such as rocks, the pulverizing and mixing capacity is higher than that of other fields. Therefore, as for the crushing and mixing apparatus, those used in the civil engineering field may be regarded as high-performance models.

When constructing a soil structure in construction work, usually select and use a soil material that meets the specifications of the soil structure, but recently, improve and use the locally generated soil from the viewpoint of economic efficiency and surrounding environment conservation There are many trends. In order to improve the locally generated soil into a high quality soil material, it is indispensable to pulverize the soil finely and to mix it sufficiently. Incidentally, civil engineering equipment such as backhoes (drag shovels), stabilizers, stone crushers, and pug mill mixers are often used for such crushing and mixing.
JP-A-52-140964 JP-A-55-145543 JP-A-59-109253 JP-A-06-246178 No. 59-097800 Microfilm No. 62-056142 microfilm No. 05-09644 CD-ROM No.06-052928 CD-ROM

  One of the conventional methods for improving locally generated soil into soil material is to remove crushable clay lumps and rubble by sieving with a skeleton bucket type backhoe, bucket type backhoe with rotating blades, vibrating screen, etc. The locally generated soil is further mixed with a backhoe or pug mill mixer. However, this method has the following problems. One of them is that the yield is poor because the locally generated soil is reduced by sieving. The other is that the pre-sieving operation and the post-mixing operation are separated from each other, resulting in poor operation efficiency and complicated operation steps. By the way, the amount of soil material obtained by one facility is less than 50 cubic meters per hour due to the above two reasons. That is, it is not suitable for large-scale construction requiring a large amount of soil material. Another is that a large amount of non-crushable clay mass and rubble remains in the locally generated soil after sieving, so that a homogeneous pulverized mixture cannot be obtained. The quality is lower. Moreover, this requires a large amount of soil improvement material. For example, in the cement stabilization method, the strength of the on-site treated soil is determined in consideration of the degree of mixing of the cement and the variation in strength. Generally, this strength ratio (site / room) is set to 0.5. Due to the design, the amount of cement consumed at the site increases, and the uneconomics of this point cannot be ignored in the case of mass construction.

  Another conventional method is to crush and mix the locally generated soil in situ with a stabilizer or a stone crusher. When this method is used, it is as if the working steps are simpler than the above. However, even when using a stabilizer or a stone crusher, the work must be repeated several times due to the low crushing and mixing efficiency of the clay lumps and rubble and the poor quality of the improved soil. This means that this method is not desirable in terms of workability and economy.

  With regard to the technology for producing soil materials in the field of civil engineering, issues such as soil quality (quality), production capacity, workability, and economic efficiency are issues to be solved. Moreover, in the field of civil engineering, such a problem remains while using the above-mentioned high-capacity models. As a result, similar issues remain for technologies in other fields that manufacture soil materials using lesser models.

  The present invention has been made in view of such technical problems, and provides a method and an apparatus for manufacturing a soil material capable of satisfying high quality, high production capacity, workability, economy, versatility, and the like of the soil material. Things.

  The method for producing a soil material according to claim 1 of the present invention is characterized by the following means for solving the problem in order to achieve the intended object. In other words, the method according to claim 1 includes a plurality of long flexible rigid bodies which are radially attached in a plurality of stages per stage around a vertical rotation axis in a shock-resistant vertical cylindrical processing container. High-speed horizontal rotation within the range of revolutions / minute, then the raw material for the soil material that is thrown into the processing vessel and falls is hit with each flexible rigid body during the high-speed horizontal rotation to crush or break the inside of the processing vessel. It is characterized in that the raw material is made smaller than the original size by crushing it by colliding with a wall surface or crushing by collision of raw materials.

  The method for producing a soil material according to claim 2 of the present invention is characterized by the following means for solving the problem in order to achieve the intended object. In other words, the method according to claim 2 comprises the steps of forming a plurality of long flexible rigid bodies which are radially attached in a plurality of stages per stage around a vertical rotation axis in a vertical cylindrical processing container having impact resistance. High-speed horizontal rotation within the range of rotations / minute. After that, among raw materials and additives that are thrown into the processing vessel and fall, the raw materials are hit with each flexible rigid body during high-speed horizontal rotation and crushed. The raw material is made smaller than its original size by crushing it by colliding with the inner wall surface of the processing vessel or crushing by the collision of raw materials, and the raw material and additives are made of a flexible rigid body in synchronization with the crushing of the raw material. It is characterized by mixing.

  The method for producing a soil material according to claim 3 of the present invention is the method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the raw material for the soil material is natural and / or artificial mud, natural and / or artificial soil, It is one or more selected from natural and / or artificial sand, natural and / or artificial gravel, natural and / or artificial stone, natural and / or artificial rock, and the like.

  The method for producing a soil material according to claim 4 of the present invention is the method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the raw material for the soil material is a mixture of two or more kinds of natural and / or artificial mud. And / or two or more mixtures containing artificial soil, two or more mixtures containing natural and / or artificial sand, two or more mixtures containing natural and / or artificial gravel, natural and / or artificial It is characterized in that it is at least one selected from a mixture of two or more kinds including a stone and a mixture of two or more kinds including natural and / or artificial rocks.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for producing a soil material, wherein the additive comprises a solid and / or a liquid and / or a gas.

  The method for producing a soil material according to claim 6 of the present invention is characterized in that, in the method according to claim 1 or 2, the additive comprises an inorganic substance and / or an organic substance.

  The method for producing a soil material according to the present invention has the following effects.

  Since the raw material (gravity falling object) for the soil material is pulverized by using the strong impact energy of the flexible rigid body that rotates at high speed horizontally, a finely ground high-quality soil material can be obtained. Also, when an additive is added to the raw material and these are subjected to impact treatment, a high quality soil material in which both are uniformly or homogeneously mixed can be obtained. Of course, the flexible rigid body is pulverized conveniently regardless of the hardness of the raw material.

  The processing speed is high because the raw material (or raw material and additive) that falls by gravity is only hit with a flexible rigid body that is rotating at high speed horizontally. Therefore, high production capacity and workability can be secured.

  Since the soil material is manufactured mainly by a flexible rigid body (high-speed horizontal rotating body) having a high crushing ability, the types of raw materials and additives are almost independent. This makes it possible to recycle, recycle, and recycle even those that have been deemed to be of no use value, thus suppressing the collection of new resources that would lead to natural destruction and contributing to waste disposal. I do. This also makes it possible to grind clay lumps, rubble, and the like, which have been difficult to treat in the prior art, thereby eliminating the complexity of sieving raw materials in advance and increasing the product yield.

  It can manufacture soil materials used in various fields such as civil engineering, architecture, agriculture, forestry, fisheries, water treatment, breeding and cultivation of small animals, and culture of microorganisms. Therefore, it is versatile and has a wide field of application.

  The means for crushing the raw materials or crushing and mixing the raw materials and additives is a simple configuration in which a rotating shaft with a flexible rigid body is arranged in a processing vessel and an electric motor is connected to the rotating shaft. is there. When operating this, it is only necessary to rotate the electric motor. Therefore, there is an economical advantage that the equipment cost and the running cost can be kept low. In addition, a flexible rigid body having both rigidity and flexibility has a self-defense capability of absorbing and mitigating an excessive impact applied to itself while well pulverizing raw materials, so that it can be used for a long time.

  The entire processing system can be automated simply by connecting the necessary means in series.

  [Function] The flexible rigid body according to the present invention is a long body having a rigid portion and a flexible portion, and can be bent or bent as a whole. When such a flexible rigid body is swung around one end as a fulcrum, it becomes linear due to centrifugal force. The energy when the flexible rigid body strikes and breaks another object increases in proportion to the square of the number of revolutions per unit time. Incidentally, in the present invention, the flexible rigid body is horizontally rotated at a high speed within a range of 500 to 2000 revolutions / minute. Therefore, the raw material for the soil material put into the processing container is broken by being hit by the flexible rigid body rotating at high speed and horizontal. The crushed raw material is further crushed by collision with the inner wall surface of the processing vessel or collision between the raw materials. As a result, the raw material is smaller than its original size.

  It is common knowledge in the art that the rotational speed of the existing rotary pulverizer or rotary mixer is set to about 100 rpm even at the highest speed. The reason is that when a raw material (eg, a rock mass) is hit at a high rotation speed of 500 rpm, the rotor itself is broken. However, when the rotor rotates at about 100 rpm, the impact energy of the rotor against the raw material is small, so that a raw material having extremely high tackiness such as a clay lump or a hard raw material such as rubble cannot be sufficiently pulverized and mixed. On the other hand, the flexible rigid body of the present invention rotates at a high speed horizontally at 500 to 2,000 revolutions / minute and exerts a large impact energy, so that it can be sufficiently pulverized and mixed regardless of the type of raw material. it can. Of course, in the case of a flexible rigid body, even if the raw material is a hard material such as a rock mass, it will not be destroyed by collision with the material. This is because the raw material is hit and broken by the rigid portion, while the flexible portion absorbs and reduces the excessive impact.

  When a raw material is hit and broken by a flexible rigid body that rotates horizontally at a high speed of 500 to 2,000 revolutions / minute, a unique phenomenon that does not appear at a low speed revolution (100 revolutions / minute or less) appears. One is that the raw materials heat up somewhat in response to the high impact fracture energy from the flexible rigid body. Another is that when raw materials have a high water content, the water atomizes (mists). Yet another is that when the raw material is blown and scattered, its moisture emanates. These phenomena reduce the water content of the soil material. This also increases the efficiency of the heat treatment by microwave irradiation described below, and makes the treatment economical.

  The term "and / or" used in the present invention has the following meanings. That is, when “A and B” and “A or B” are expressed together, they are referred to as “A and / or B”.

  1 and 2 as an embodiment of the method and apparatus for manufacturing a soil material according to the present invention, feeds a raw material for a soil material to a manufacturing mechanism 11 via a supply system 51, where the soil is manufactured. The finished material is transported by the carry-out system 52. Therefore, in this embodiment, the manufacturing mechanism 11 plays a central role. The manufacturing mechanism 11 may be connected to a supply system 53 for additives (additives / additives) or may incorporate a microwave generator 61. Hereinafter, these specific configurations will be described with reference to FIGS.

  As is clear from FIGS. 1 and 2, the soil material manufacturing mechanism 11 mainly includes a processing container 12, a rotating shaft 25, a flexible rigid body 27, an electric motor (motor) 31, a transmission system 41, and others. Have been.

  The upper case 13 with the upper lid (top plate) 14 and the lower case 17 with the lower lid (bottom plate) 18 which are components of the processing container 12 are cylindrical, for example. These two cases 13 and 17 are vertically connected by well-known flange connecting means via bolts and nuts. A tubular hood 16 that projects laterally with a gentle gradient is attached to an entrance 15 that is opened in the body wall of the upper case 13. A tubular chute 20 that projects diagonally downward is attached to an outlet 19 opened in the lower lid 18 of the lower case 17. On the inner surface of the body wall of the lower case 17, a plurality (three) of inclined fins 21 having an inverted conical cylindrical shape are attached in an up-down arrangement at equal intervals. That is, each inclined fin 21 projects obliquely downward from the inner peripheral surface of the processing container 12. The upper and lower bearings 22 and 23 are well known. Of these bearings 22 and 23, the upper bearing 22 is supported via a radial (e.g., three radial) stay 24 mounted on the inner surface of the body wall of the upper case 13 at the axis of the upper case 13. The lower bearing 23 is located at the axial center of the lower cover 18 and is attached to the lower surface thereof. The rotating shaft 25 has a large number of mounting portions 26 arranged in the vertical direction on its outer peripheral surface. The example illustrated as the flexible rigid body 27 is formed by connecting a number of rings to bend and extend freely like a chain. In the flexible rigid body 27, each of the rings becomes a rigid part, and a connection part between the rings becomes a flexible part which can be bent and stretched. A large number of such flexible rigid bodies 27 are mounted around the rotating shaft 25 in a radial arrangement and in a vertically multi-stage manner. Specifically, after the base end of each flexible rigid body 27 is applied to each mounting part 26 of the rotating shaft 25, each flexible rigid body 27 is fixed by a plurality of mounting rods 28 penetrating through the mounting part 26 and the flexible rigid body 27 in a bar shape. The rigid body 27 is pivotally attached to the outer periphery of the rotating shaft 25. Incidentally, in the illustrated example, the number of upper and lower stages of the flexible rigid body 27 is seven as shown in FIG. 1, and the radiation number of the flexible rigid body 27 is eight as shown in FIG. Further, of the flexible rigid bodies 27, those corresponding to the inclined fins 21 are slightly shorter than the other rigid rigid bodies. In addition, a plurality of flexible sweeping wipers 29 are attached to the lower outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 25 in a radial arrangement. The rotating shaft 25 to which the plurality of flexible rigid bodies 27 and the plurality of wipers 29 are attached in this manner is rotatably supported by the dual bearings 22 and 23 at the axis of the processing container 12. The manufacturing mechanism 11 having the processing container 12 as a casing is installed on the installation surface G1 via a plurality of legs 30 attached to the lower surface of the lower cover 18.

  The constituent members of the processing container 12 (the upper case 13, the upper cover 14, the lower case 17, the lower cover 18, the inclined fins 21), the stay 24, the rotating shaft 25 and related parts thereof (the mounting portion 26, the mounting rod 28, the wiper). 29) The hood 16, the chute 20, the flexible rigid body 27, the legs 30, etc. are mainly made of metal. Of these, the hood 16, the chute 20, the legs 30 and the like may be made of a material other than metal, but the other components and members are made of steel in order to ensure a high degree of mechanical strength and durability. Adopted. Further with regard to the wiper 29, it is made of a hard, durable and flexible material such as a metal wire rope.

  The high-speed rotation type electric motor 31 illustrated in FIG. 1 is a well-known one, and a belt transmission type transmission system 41 extending between the electric motor 31 and the rotating shaft 25 is also a well-known one. The electric motor 31 is mounted and fixed on a mounting table 33 installed on the installation surface G1 adjacent to the processing container 12. The transmission system 41 includes a driving pulley 42 attached to the end of the output shaft 32 of the electric motor 31, a driven pulley 43 attached to the lower end of the rotating shaft 25, and a belt (eg, a V-belt) wound around the two pulleys 42. ) 44.

  In FIG. 1, a raw material supply system 51 and a soil material unloading system 52 are composed of a well-known belt conveyor, and an additive supply system 53 is composed of, for example, a well-known metering-type quantitative supply hopper. The supply system 51 has an upward slope that is inclined from bottom to top, and its upper end is inserted into the hood 16. Therefore, the supply system 51 communicates with the inlet 15 of the processing container 12. The carry-out system 52 is installed horizontally on an installation surface G2 lower than the installation surface G1, and an upper portion at one end thereof and a lower end of the chute 20 correspond to each other. Therefore, the discharge system 52 communicates with the outlet 19 of the processing container 12 via the chute 20. The supply system 53 is connected to the upper part of the processing container 12 via a supply pipe 54 attached to the upper lid 14.

  The microwave generator 61 illustrated in FIG. 1 automatically operates via a power source (eg, power of 80 to 100 kW) 62, a magnetron 63, an isolator 64, an automatic impedance matching unit 65, a cooling facility 66, a controller 67, and a waveguide 68. It is configured by a microwave irradiator 69 connected to the impedance matching unit 65 and the like. Such a microwave generator 61 is known or known. The microwave generator 61 is disposed near the processing container 12, and the microwave irradiator 69 is disposed in the upper part of the processing container 12. By the way, in this type of equipment, techniques have been established to shield microwaves and noise generated in the working space via a conducting wire with a filter case, and to prevent microwave leakage with choke coils and capacitors. ing. As another safety measure against microwave leakage, the entire equipment including the manufacturing mechanism 11, the supply system 51, the carry-out system 52, the supply system 53, the microwave generator 61, and the like is made of a wire mesh or a perforated metal plate (punch metal). It is also effective to cover or locally shield the controller 67 with something similar. In FIG. 1, a metal curtain (a large number of chains) 70 suspended in the hood 16 also helps to prevent microwave leakage.

  The raw material for the soil material in the present invention may be one or more selected from mud, soil, sand, gravel, stone, rock, and the like, or may be a mixture containing two or more kinds of mud and soil. At least one selected from a mixture of two or more species, a mixture of two or more species including sand, a mixture of two or more species including stones, a mixture of two or more species including stones, a mixture of two or more species including rocks, etc. Or something. These do not matter whether they are natural (natural) or artificial. Specific examples of such raw materials include sludge, mud, cohesive soil, sandy soil, gravel soil, cohesive mass (loam and dredged soil), weathered coral-gravel mixed soil, weathered rock (mudstone, tuff, granite, etc.).・ Soil mixed with weathered rock mass ・ Boulder (thing found in rivers, lakes, coasts, etc.) ・ Crushed stone (commercially available) ・ Sewage sludge sludge ・ Organic soil ・ Weakly welded sediment ・ Pyroclastic flow sediment ・ Cliff soil ・ Construction soil And so on. One of the weakly welded deposits is what is commonly called "whitebait". These are mainly pyroclastic flow deposits, fall pyroclastic deposits and their secondary deposits widely distributed in southern Kyushu, and are pumiceous or volcanic ash-white. "Shirasu" is also one of the special soils that are susceptible to slope collapse due to rainfall.

  The additive (additive material / additive) in the present invention is at least one selected from solid, liquid, gas and the like. Such additives may be inorganic or organic. Specific examples of additives include quick lime (powder / lump), slaked lime (powder / lump), cement-based solidification material (powder / lump / liquid), lime-based solidification material (powder / lump / liquid)・ Polymer stabilizer (powder / liquid) ・ Polymer for soil stabilization (powder / liquid) ・ Thickener (powder / liquid) ・ Peat / straw / chip-shaped raw wood ・ Agricultural fertilizer (powder / liquid) Liquid), shells (oyster shell, scallop shell, pearl oyster shell), waste coal ash (powder, liquid), bentonite and other water-blocking materials (powder, liquid), waste concrete lump, short fiber (metal-based)・ Carbon-based ・ Petroleum-based) ・ Incinerated ash slag for general waste ・ Light-weight foam beads for earthwork ・ Granulated slag for earthwork ・ Separation inhibitor (powder / liquid) ・ Water / seawater / air / oxygen / medium Examples include a wetting agent, an alkaline gas, an acid gas, and the like.

  When a soil material is produced using the production means illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, the following is an example.

  When the apparatus of the present invention is put into an operation state, the electric motor 31 and the microwave generator 61 of the manufacturing mechanism 11 are turned on, the supply system (hopper) 53 is put on standby, and the supply system (belt conveyor) 51 and the unloading system ( The belt conveyor 52 is also turned on. At this time, in the processing container 12 of the manufacturing mechanism 11, since the rotation shaft 25 to which the rotation of the electric motor 31 is transmitted via the transmission system 41 rotates at high speed, each flexible rigid body 27 hanging down by its own weight is horizontally moved by centrifugal force. Levitate and rotate at high speed. The microwave irradiator 69 of the microwave generator 61 irradiates the rotating region of each flexible rigid body 27 in the processing chamber 12 with the microwave.

  In this operation state, raw materials carried through the supply system 51 are introduced into the processing vessel 12 through the inlet 15, and additives from the supply system 53 are also introduced into the processing vessel 12 through the supply pipe 54. The raw materials and additives are beaten and pulverized and mixed by a large number of multi-stage high-speed horizontal rotating bodies (each flexible rigid body 27) before they fall in the processing vessel 12 and reach the outlet 19. It will generate heat when exposed to microwaves. In particular, since each flexible rigid body 27 rotates at a high speed at a level of 500 to 2000 revolutions / minute, the ability to pulverize raw materials and the ability to mix raw materials and additives homogeneously are extremely high. In addition, microwave irradiation evaporates more water of raw materials and additives than when this is not performed. The details of the microwave irradiation are as follows.

  Microwave irradiation while the raw material is being crushed is a process performed for heating the raw material. Raw materials that are heated by microwave irradiation from the inside of soil particles undergo a series of physical and chemical changes such as generation of thermal stress, pressurization by internal heating steam, and disappearance of free water and crystal water. Therefore, the moisture content of the soil material as the product is reduced. By the way, in sandy soils with a high water content, the water content can be reduced only by crushing and mixing.However, in the case of viscous soils where it is difficult to reduce the water by crushing and mixing, extra costs are required when using this as a soil material. It is customary. However, the soil material whose moisture is reduced as described above does not have such a disadvantage. Such advantages are favorable for soil materials used in the fields of civil engineering and construction. Heat treatment by microwave irradiation can also control the amount of heating at that time to control the survival rate of microorganisms in the soil material and to kill pests. This is a useful treatment not only for soil materials used in the fields of civil engineering and construction, but also for soil materials used in fields such as agriculture, forestry, water treatment, waste disposal, small animal cultivation, small animal cultivation, and microbial culture.

  The raw materials and additives processed in this way become soil materials when they reach the bottom in the processing vessel 12. Such soil material falls from the outlet 19 of the processing container 12 onto the carry-out system 52 through the chute 20, and is conveyed to a predetermined place via the carry-out system 52. Each inclined fin 21 attached to the inner wall surface of the processing container 12 guides raw materials and additives downward. Each wiper 29 attached to the lower part of the rotating shaft 25 sweeps out the soil material accumulated at the bottom of the processing container 12 to the outlet 19 side.

  The soil material thus obtained may be reprocessed twice or more in the manufacturing mechanism 11. Further, the obtained soil material and new raw materials and / or additives may be mixed and subjected to the production mechanism 11.

  Soil materials produced as described above can be completed in a wide variety of forms by selecting the types and blending ratios of raw materials and additives. The soil materials exemplified below are some of them. Soil materials made of raw materials containing a large amount of weathered rock mass will be used for civil engineering and construction purposes, such as water-blocking materials for rockfill dams, water-blocking materials for landfill sites, and protective materials for waterproof sheet layers. Tensile soil materials made from raw materials containing chemical fibers (short fibers) as additives are also used to prevent river levee, cut soil, embankment slopes, etc. from being eroded by running water or rainwater. It will be for civil engineering. Soil materials made of raw materials containing raw wood that has been chipped as an additive can be said to be one of agricultural and forestry applications because it becomes a vegetation soil suitable for mixed wood treatment and root removal treatment. The raw material is made of a material that contains a soft clayey mass with high water content or rubble, and a stabilizer (additive) such as quicklime or cement is added to the soil material to form a stable soil structure. It is useful when building. A soil material obtained by pulverizing and mixing raw materials including shells becomes backfill material for earthwork. In the case of a soil material made by using a viscous soil mass such as loam or dredged soil as a raw material and adding a polymeric stabilizer (additive) to a stabilizer (additive) such as quicklime or cement, It can be used as a sand mat for drainage in addition to the backfill material for earthwork. Soil material made of raw materials containing coal ash as an additive becomes an embankment material for earthworks. The soil material obtained by crushing the waste concrete mass can be effectively used as recycled sand. A soil material made from sludge containing an organic phosphorus and an organic element compound is suitable for culturing microorganisms and also for cultivating small and medium sized animals such as earthworms. The soil material used for hatching insects and the like is made to contain appropriate moisture. Soil material made mainly of gravel soil is used as a litter for aquaculture (water bottom) and a filter bed for water treatment. Soil materials for agriculture are made with fertilizers (additives). As described above, the above-mentioned soil material is not only produced by being crushed or mixed with strong impact energy, but also subjected to heat treatment by irradiation with microwaves. The main purpose of this heat treatment is to adjust the water content of the soil material, and by controlling the amount of heating at that time, it is possible to simultaneously control the survival rate of microorganisms in the soil material and kill disease and pests.

  As experimental examples according to the present invention, results when various raw materials are processed using the manufacturing mechanism 11 will be described below.

  Experimental Example 1: A clay mass obtained by blending a medium sand and a powdered clay in a dry weight ratio of 2: 1 and having a water content adjusted to 10% was continuously charged into the processing vessel 12 while The crushing and mixing process was performed by the flexible rigid body 25 rotating at a high speed of 500 revolutions / minute. In the case of Experimental Example 1, the rotational speed of the flexible rigid body 25 was still insufficient, and thus the clay lump was not pulverized as finely as expected.

  Experimental Example 2: The same as Experimental Example 1 except that the rotation speed of the flexible rigid body 25 was increased to 1000 rotations / minute. In Experimental Example 2, the clay mass was pulverized to a particle size of about 5 mm. In each particle, the sand and the powdered clay were almost uniformly mixed.

  Experimental Example 3: The procedure was the same as in Experimental Example 1, except that the number of rotations of the flexible rigid body 25 was increased to 1260 rpm. In Experimental Example 3, the crushing effect on the clay mass was slightly higher than that of Experimental Example 2.

  Experimental Example 4: Kanto loam (a soil mass having a water content of 74.5% and a maximum particle size of about 200 mm) was continuously charged into the processing vessel 12 and pulverized by the flexible rigid body 25 rotating at a high speed of 1000 rpm. did. The Kanto loam of Experimental Example 4 was finely crushed. At this time, it was observed that the pulverized product was solidified while being partially kneaded. Note that a part of the loam adhered to the inner wall surface of the processing container 12.

  Experimental Example 5: Kanto loam (same as that of Experimental Example 4) and cement (addition amount 2% based on wet soil weight) were continuously charged into the processing vessel 12 while rotating them at a high speed of 1000 rpm. Pulverized and mixed by the flexible rigid body 25. The pulverized mixture obtained in Experimental Example 5 was solidified in the same manner as described above, and it was confirmed from the red reaction observation when phenolphthalene was sprayed that good mixing properties between Kanto loam and cement were confirmed. did it.

  Experimental Example 6: A crushed stone having a particle size of 15 to 20 mm (commercially available from Tsukui, Kanagawa Prefecture) was charged into the container 25 to remove the Kanto loam attached to the inner wall surface of the processing container 12. The number of rotations of the flexible rigid body 25 is 1000 rotations / minute, which is the same as the previous example. In Experimental Example 6, the crushed stone hit by the flexible rigid body 25 and colliding with the inner wall surface of the container peeled off most of the loam adhered to the wall surface. The cleaning noise at this time is not bothersome.

  Experimental Example 7: A flexible rigid body 25 rotating at a high speed of 1000 revolutions / minute while continuously feeding dry mudstone (produced in Shizuoka Prefecture) having a water content of 2.6% and a maximum particle size of about 200 mm into the processing vessel 12. And crushed. In Experimental Example 7, the mudstone had a maximum particle size of 30 mm or less, and most of the mudstone was pulverized into a powder. Therefore, dust was generated at the time of grinding.

  Experimental Example 8: A flexible rigid body 25 rotating at a high speed of 1000 revolutions / minute while continuously introducing crushed stone (commercially available from Tsukui, Kanagawa Prefecture) having a particle size of 25.6 to 37.5 mm into the processing vessel 12. And crushed. Dust was generated during grinding. In Experimental Example 8, the crushed stone was pulverized to a maximum particle diameter of 10 mm or less to be finely divided, and a part of the crushed stone was sandy.

  Experimental Example 9: Flexible in which mudstone having a maximum particle size of about 250 mm (produced in Niigata Prefecture) is continuously charged into the processing vessel 12 in a wet state with a water content of 29.4%, and is rotated at a high speed of 1000 rpm. Crushed by the rigid body 25. In Experimental Example 9, the mudstone was pulverized into powder, granules, aggregates, and the like. The maximum particle size of the block is 30 mm. There is no generation of dust.

  Experimental Example 10: Camellia (raw tree with leaves) having a trunk diameter of about 20 mm was charged into the processing vessel 12 and crushed by a flexible rigid body 25 rotating at a high speed of 1000 rpm. The raw tree became a piece of wood having a length of 10 to 20 cm or less, and the leaves were finely ground. When the thus obtained pulverized material was pulverized again under the above-mentioned conditions, the wood pieces were broken into chips.

  Experimental Example 11: Kanto loam (same as that of Experimental example 4) and a granulation treatment agent (addition amount 0.1% based on the weight of wet earth and sand) are charged into the treatment container 12, and these are subjected to high speed at 1000 revolutions / minute. When the mixture was pulverized and mixed by the rotating flexible rigid body 25, the loam clay was granulated to a size of 2 to 5 mm.

  Experimental Example 12: A cobblestone having a particle size of 26.5 to 37.5 mm (collected from the riverbed of Sagami River, Kanagawa Prefecture) was charged into the processing vessel 12, and the flexible rigid body 25 was rotated at a high speed of 1000 revolutions / minute. And pulverized and mixed. The boulders were finely crushed to a maximum particle size of 20 mm or less, and some of them became sandy.

  Experimental Example 13: A Kanto loam block having a water content of 74.5% and a particle size of about 20 to 30 mm and quicklime having a particle size of 1 mm (addition amount 4% based on the weight of wet soil) were charged into the processing vessel 12, and these were added. Was pulverized and mixed by a flexible rigid body 25 rotating at a high speed of 1000 rpm. The loam mass was finely crushed to 2 to 5 mm, and the mixability with quick lime was extremely good.

  Experimental Example 14: A viscous soil mixed with a weathered rock mass having a water content of 62% and a particle size of 20 cm or less, and quicklime (the same as in Example 13) with an addition amount of 4% based on the weight of wet earth and sand were charged into the processing vessel 12, and these were added. Was pulverized and mixed by a flexible rigid body 25 rotating at a high speed of 1000 rpm. The soil was finely crushed to 2 to 5 mm, and the mixability with quick lime was extremely good.

  Experimental Example 15: When tap water was caused to flow toward the flexible rigid body 25 rotating at a high speed in the same manner as described above, the tap water was discharged in the form of a mist.

  Experimental Example 16: A sandy soil having a high water content of 30% was put into the processing vessel 12 in which the flexible rigid body 25 was rotating at a high speed of 1000 revolutions / minute, and the water content was 10%. Reduced to.

  As is apparent from the results of the above-described respective experimental examples, the production mechanism 11 of the present invention has extremely high crushing, mixing, and mist-forming capabilities. Therefore, the manufacturing mechanism 11 is useful and useful in manufacturing soil materials of various specifications. In addition, the above-mentioned microwave irradiation significantly reduces water from raw materials and / or additives, and is therefore extremely advantageous when producing a soil material having a low water content.

  Some of the means (method / apparatus) for producing a soil material according to the present invention have the following aspects.

  A typical example of the flexible rigid body 27 is a chain or a chain belt for transmission. One of the flexible rigid bodies 27 is a long and flexible connection of a large number of link pieces. One to many (plural) impact members (eg: An iron plate, hammer head, ax, etc.) fixed to a flexible metal wire is also effective. The flexible rigid body 27 increases the capacity of the manufacturing mechanism 11 as the number and the number of stages increase. Therefore, the capacity of the manufacturing mechanism 11 can be improved by attaching two to many (three or more) flexible rigid bodies 27 around the rotating shaft 25 in any manner such as two-stage or multi-stage (three or more). Is determined.

  When the above-mentioned gaseous additive or liquid additive is supplied into the processing vessel 12 using a piping system, the supply pipes thereof are provided so as to correspond to the processing vessel 12. Specifically, the tip of the supply pipe is connected to or inserted into the upper part of the processing container 12. The solid additive can be introduced into the processing vessel 12 together with the raw material using the supply system 51.

  The microwave irradiation of the raw materials and additives is performed at one or more times before, during, or after the raw materials are crushed, as described above. Among these, "when crushing" corresponds to the case described with reference to the figure. The microwave irradiation “before crushing” may be performed on the supply system 51. In this case, when the additive is supplied simultaneously with the raw material by the supply system 51, the additive is subjected to microwave irradiation simultaneously with the raw material.

  In the present invention, when processing raw materials and additives without performing microwave irradiation on them, the microwave irradiation device 61 may be omitted. In such a case, the upper surface of the processing container 12 may be opened, and raw materials and the like may be charged into the processing container 12 from the opened upper surface.

  In the present invention, when only raw materials are processed without using additives, the raw materials are merely pulverized. Also in this case, the crushed raw materials are stirred and mixed with each other.

  In the soil material manufacturing means (equipment) illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2, raw materials and additives are charged into the processing vessel 12, the flexible rigid body 27 is rotated at high speed, and microwaves are irradiated on the raw materials and additives. A series of processes, operations, and operations of carrying out the obtained soil material by the carry-out system 52 are performed. When this is concretely performed, the above-mentioned devices that start and stop operation electrically are connected to a control panel using a computer, and continuity and continuity are provided to these processes, operations, and operations. Automate. By doing so, the process control when manufacturing the soil material is facilitated, and at the same time, the rationalization including labor saving can be achieved, and the productivity is further improved.

1 is a longitudinal sectional view schematically showing an embodiment of the method of the present invention together with an apparatus used for the embodiment. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a main part of FIG.

Explanation of reference numerals

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Manufacturing mechanism 12 Processing container 13 Upper case 15 Processing container inlet 19 Processing container outlet 21 Inclined fin 25 Rotating shaft 27 Flexible rigid body 31 Electric motor 41 Power transmission system 51 Raw material supply system 52 Soil material discharge system 53 Additive supply system 54 Additive supply pipe 61 Microwave irradiator 69 Microwave irradiator

Claims (6)

  In a vertical cylindrical processing vessel having impact resistance, a plurality of long flexible rigid bodies mounted radially in a plurality of stages per stage around a vertical rotation axis at a high speed within a range of 500 to 2,000 revolutions / minute. Horizontal rotation, and then the raw material for the soil material that is thrown into the processing vessel and falls is struck with each flexible rigid body that is rotating at high speed and crushed, or crushed by colliding with the inner wall surface of the processing vessel. A method for producing a soil material, wherein the raw material is made smaller than its original size by crushing or collision with each other.   In a vertical cylindrical processing vessel having impact resistance, a plurality of long flexible rigid bodies mounted radially in a plurality of stages per stage around a vertical rotation axis at a high speed within a range of 500 to 2,000 revolutions / minute. Horizontally rotating, then, among the raw materials and additives that are thrown into the processing vessel and falling, the raw materials are struck by each flexible rigid body that is rotating at high speed and crushed or collided with the inner wall surface of the processing vessel Soil, characterized in that the raw material is made smaller than its original size by crushing or crushing by collision of the raw materials, and that the raw materials and additives are mixed with a flexible rigid body in synchronization with the crushing of the raw materials. The method of manufacturing the material.   The raw material for the soil material is natural and / or artificial mud, natural and / or artificial soil, natural and / or artificial sand, natural and / or artificial gravel, natural and / or artificial stone, natural and / or The method for producing a soil material according to claim 1, wherein the material is at least one selected from artificial rocks.   The raw material for the soil material is a mixture of two or more kinds including natural and / or artificial mud, a mixture of two or more kinds including natural and / or artificial soil, and a mixture of two or more kinds including natural and / or artificial sand. Mixtures, two or more mixtures containing natural and / or artificial stones, two or more mixtures containing natural and / or artificial stones, two or more mixtures containing natural and / or artificial rocks, etc. 3. The method for producing a soil material according to claim 1, which is one or more selected materials.   3. The method for producing a soil material according to claim 1, wherein the additive comprises a solid and / or a liquid and / or a gas.   3. The method for producing a soil material according to claim 1, wherein the additive comprises an inorganic substance and / or an organic substance.

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