JP3133689B2 - Pretreatment method for landfill objects - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to decoctable organic matter and plastics,
The present invention relates to a method for pretreating an object to be landfilled, wherein an object to be treated containing a combustible organic substance such as paper or wood and / or an inorganic substance such as stone or metal is formed into a solid substance for landfill.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Mixed controlled waste as described above,
For example, when burying in a treated area covered with a waterproof sheet in the mountains, a drainage system is provided to treat or sediment the wastewater,
It is necessary to put cover soil in layers alternately to prevent fire and scattering. Also, stable waste plastic and glass,
Pottery, porcelain, earth and sand, concrete and metal materials were buried almost in their original form without covering soil. On the other hand, it was also expensive to treat clay and inorganic mud produced by the foundation work of construction civil engineering, industrial waste clay produced when sand is produced from mountain rocks, and clay-like sludge produced from a concrete mixer truck.

[0003]

In recent years, the amount of general waste and industrial waste generated from homes and business establishments has increased remarkably and has become widespread due to the sophistication of living standards, mass production and mass consumption. In the landfilled with tarpaulins, large amounts of flies are generated, mice, crows, wild dogs, etc. are gathered and scattered, and fire and foul odors are generated. Or scattered by the wind, deteriorating the environment, shortening the landfill life at the treated land,
This is a major problem today, such as the high cost of wastewater treatment.

The present invention has been devised in view of the above, and has produced a large amount of flies due to putrefactive wastes such as garbage, vegetables, fruits, etc., and scattered foods such as rats, crows and wild dogs, and generation of foul odors. It can also prevent flammable waste such as plastics, paper, sheets, etc. from being scattered by the wind and the occurrence of fires, and can reduce the drainage load (chemical treatment, sedimentation treatment, etc.) at the treatment site and ensure safety. An environmentally friendly landfill pretreatment method that can be used to extend the life, stabilize the ground, and effectively utilize waste such as clay, clay-like sludge, and inorganic mud to form solids. Even if the inorganic material containing heavy metals supplied from the upper part gets wet or wet, the non-repulsive property is that the combustible organic material is overwhelmingly efficient without clogging while stirring with the rotation of the multiple arrangement rotors For medium and large repulsive heavy objects with overwhelming amounts of non-combustible inorganic materials and large and small diameter rings alternately arranged in the axial direction of adjacent rotating rotors. It can be separated into two types, powder particles falling from the gap and earth and sand. It is easy to perform secondary sorting work and sorting and crushing work for repulsive heavy materials. In addition, the solidification molding machine can be continuously operated by storing in the silo inorganic materials such as debris to be treated, incinerated ash and fly ash (fly ash), It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for pretreating an object to be landfilled, which can appropriately adjust the components.

[0005]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for pretreating an object to be landfilled, the method comprising the steps of: preparing an inorganic substance such as incinerated ash or fly ash to be landfilled; Minerals and / or plastics, including
Bags of combustible waste such as paper and wood are sent to a bag-breaking machine and released from the bag-breaking machine onto a belt conveyor. The material is sorted and removed, the sediment is sorted and removed by a sieve sorter, and the remaining medium and large object is crushed by a crusher, and the resulting shards are stored in storage means. Among the objects to be treated, inorganic substances such as incineration ash and fly ash (fly ash) are stored in a storage means, and the pieces of the object to be treated and the inorganic substances are respectively sent from the storage means and mixed with a non-permeable binder in a mixer. After being stirred and mixed, the mixture is formed into a solid by a molding machine, and among the above-mentioned processed materials, inorganic materials including heavy metals are removed from magnetic materials such as iron by a magnetic force separator, and aluminum is separated by an aluminum separator. Is removed and then The screened material is separated into a medium-sized material and a conveyed sieve by a separator, and the medium-sized and large-sized material is stirred and mixed with the impermeable binder containing a chelating agent. The above-mentioned sieve sorter for the processing of an inorganic material includes a rotating rotor in which a plurality of large and small rings are alternately arranged in the axial direction so as to form a sieve between the rings of adjacent rotors in the longitudinal direction of a plurality of frames. The storage means is composed of a silo with a fixed-quantity feeder, and the debris-like material to be treated and the incinerated ash and fly ash (fly ash) are arranged. Is supplied quantitatively while being sent to the mixer.

Accordingly, in the pretreatment method for landfill objects according to claim 1 having the above-mentioned structure, even if only putrefactive organic substances or flammable organic substances, inorganic substances alone, or a mixture thereof are used. Is mixed with an impermeable binder such as clay, clay-like sludge, inorganic mud, cement, etc., and formed into a solid that is impermeable to water and insoluble in water. Therefore, a large amount of flies are generated against spoilage waste,
It can prevent rat, crow, wild dog etc. from spilling and generating bad smell. It can also prevent flammable waste such as plastic, paper and sheet from being scattered by wind and fire, etc. Treatment, sedimentation treatment, etc.), and is useful for safety, life extension, and ground stabilization. In addition, it is possible to select a ferrous metal having magnetism by using a magnetic force separator, thereby enabling recovery of iron resources and prevention of wear of subsequent processing equipment, and recovery of aluminum resources that consume a large amount of power during manufacturing. It can be done with an aluminum sorter. Furthermore, the inorganic material to be treated containing a heavy metal is stirred and mixed with the impermeable binder containing a chelating agent, and the heavy metal, for example, the chelating agent elutes into water even if lead is mixed into lead ions. It can be combined and stabilized as a chelate compound insoluble in water. The chelating agent is mixed very well by stirring and mixing, so that the amount of the chelating agent used can be minimized. The solid material with good shape retention that is obtained by using a water-impermeable binder prevents lead elution even if it is put into water for landfill, and it can be handled almost as well as a stable type . Even with the rotor separator, even if the inorganic material containing heavy metal supplied from the upper end is wet or wet, the combustible organic matter is overwhelmingly efficient without clogging while stirring with the rotation of the multiple arrangement of rotors Medium and large repulsive heavy materials, which are overwhelmingly non-repellent and noncombustible inorganic materials, and large-diameter rings and small-diameter rings alternately arranged in the axial direction of adjacent rotating rotors 2 of powder particles falling from the formed sieve spacing
Sorting into types can be easily performed, and subsequent secondary sorting work and sorting and crushing work for repulsive heavy objects can be easily performed, and the removal of earth and sand can prevent subsequent processing equipment from being worn.
In addition, shards to be treated, incinerated ash and fly ash (fly ash)
The solidification molding machine can be continuously operated by storing such inorganic substances in the silo, and the component can be appropriately adjusted by the quantitative supply machine.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the non-water-permeable binder comprises SiO ₂ and Al ₂ O _3.
The main component is bentonite, industrial waste clay produced by washing when sand is made from the mountain, clay-like sludge produced by washing a ready-mixed concrete mixer truck, or inorganic mud mainly produced by foundation work for construction engineering. It is possible to form solids using readily available bentonite, industrial waste clay, industrial clay-like sludge, industrial waste inorganic mud as a water-impermeable binder, and this solid is slowly curable and flattened when crushed with a burtoza etc. in a landfill. This is convenient for extending the life of the landfill.

[0008]

[0009]

[0010]

[0011]

[0012]

FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a typical embodiment of a method for pretreating a landfill object according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a bag breaking machine used in the pretreatment method, and FIG. Is a side view of an aluminum separator used in the pretreatment method, FIG. 4 is a side view of a rotor separator used in the pretreatment method,
5 is a plan view of a main part of a sorting block of the rotor separator, FIG. 6 is a plan view of a screw crusher as a crusher used in the pretreatment method, and FIG. 7 is a crusher used in the pretreatment method. FIG. 8 is a vertical sectional view of a cutter type crusher as an example, FIG. 8 is a sectional view of a solidification molding machine used in the pretreatment method, and FIG. 9 is a horizontal sectional view of the solidification molding machine.

As shown in FIG. 1, in the method for pre-treating an object to be landfilled with waste, organic materials such as sewage, fruits, vegetables, and the like, and combustible materials including plastic, paper, wood, etc., are wrapped in bags or containers. ,
In addition, refuse W0 in which inorganic substances such as stones and metals are mixed is sent to the bag-breaking machine 10 from an input means such as a shovel loader via a quantitative feeder 3 such as a screw feeder. As shown in FIG. 2, as the bag breaking machine 10, a rotor 15 that is rotationally driven in the direction of arrow R <b> 1 in a casing 12 having a hopper 11 with inclined side plates forming a processing space 16 narrowed downward.
And a plurality of pairs of plywood blades 15A arranged in the longitudinal direction of the rotor 15 are used. Rotor 1
5 is supported by a bearing B on the central portion of the upper partition plate 17A which crosses between the plywood blades 15A. Under the upper partition plate 17A, the longitudinal member 1 of the fixed blade is placed on the arc surface.
A lower partition plate 17B in which a coarse screen S is formed by fixing a plurality of pieces 8 is provided.

The mixed garbage W0 is spread from the bag breaking machine 10 onto the belt conveyor C, and is used by an operator to remove explosive substances such as gas cylinders and unsuitable substances N such as large stones, and to remove non-ferrous materials such as large stones. Manual selection is performed to select valuables V such as cullet. Further, various magnetic metals MM such as a steel frame are sorted by a magnetic sorter 20 'of an electromagnet. Those valuables are recycled. The remaining waste W1 is sent to the aluminum sorter 20, where the aluminum AL is sorted.

[0015] As shown in FIG.
A rotating aluminum separator of a permanent magnet type drum, the input aluminum is a good conductor, causes electromagnetic induction by magnetic field lines, generates eddy current, and generates a strong AC magnetic field by a high-speed rotating drum 22 having a permanent magnet 21. As a result, it is repelled by the eddy current generated inside the aluminum and is ejected. That is, the waste W1 including aluminum and other refuse is supplied onto the peripheral loop belt 23 provided with the short stopper, and the geared motor 24 is supplied.
Is ejected from the permanent magnet drum 22 of one of the belt rotors driven to rotate, and is sent from the end discharge port 25 to an aluminum rolling mill or the like, and the remaining processed material W2 is supplied from the inner discharge port 26 to the rotor separator of the sieve sorter 30. Sent to

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, there are two types of rotor separators 30: the processed material W2, the sediment W3 that has passed through the sieve, and the medium-sized material W4 that is conveyed from one end to the other end. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, a plurality of rotating rotors 31 in which large-diameter annular bodies 31A and small-diameter annular bodies 31B are alternately arranged in the axial direction are formed into large-diameter annular bodies between adjacent rotors. 31
A and a small-diameter annular body 31B are arranged on a frame 30A with a sieve gap G therebetween to form a sorting block, and the block sends the workpiece W2 supplied from above one end to the other end. Each of the rotors 31 is rotated by the rotation drive device 32 so as to convey the medium-large object W4 to the other end, and the mixed small workpiece W3 such as earth and sand is rotated by the large-diameter wheel 31 of the rotor 31.
A is dropped from the sieve G between the small-diameter annular body 31B and the small-diameter annular body 31B for sorting.

The rotor 31 has a large-diameter wheel body 31A mounted on a square shaft 30C having a gear 32A forming a rotary drive device 32 fixed to one end thereof.
And the small-diameter annular body 31B of the spacing piece are alternately fitted and arranged in the axial direction. The large-diameter annular body 31A has a projection 31a on the side surface to adjust the size of the sieve G. Sieve sorter 30
In addition, trommel of a rotary sieve or the like is used. The medium-large object W4 is then sent to the crusher 40, where the small object W3 is processed.
When most of the soil and sand are buried, they are sent to a stirrer / mixer 60 described later to be used for forming solid matter.

The crusher 40 is used when there are many large objects. For example, as shown in FIG. 6, the crusher 40 is decelerated with a motor 44A so as to bite from the top into the working chamber 42A inside the casing 42 below the hopper 41. The two crushing screws 43A and 43B which are driven to rotate at a constant speed with the machine 44B are horizontally supported, and crush large wastes such as containers and various containers and discharge them from below through a coarse screen SC. I have. This crushing breaks down plastics, wood, etc. from the composite product. Crushing screw 43A,
Protruding blades of various shapes can be appropriately provided on the outer peripheral edge of 43B to promote biting of the crushed object.

In addition, as the crusher 40, a conventional hammer crusher or rotary press crusher is appropriately selected and used according to a large amount of contaminants in the waste. Screw crushers are also available in two-shaft and single-shaft types, and include a plurality of longitudinal fixed blades on the rotating tapered crushing screw part and straight crushing screw part and the casing inner surface, and a ring-shaped fixed blade between the tapered part and the straight part. The crushing can be performed between the crushed pieces, and the crushed pieces can be crushed to a size that can eliminate the crushing.

The fragments from the crusher 40 are crushed by a crusher 40 '. As the crusher 40 ', there is a two-shaft type shearing type as shown in FIG. 7, and a rotary crushing blade for biting crushed pieces of a certain size from the top to the bottom in a pair of right and left in a casing 45. 46A and the corresponding protruding blade 47A of the mating shaft and the longitudinal fixed blade 48B forming the screen 48 are cut into small pieces by the screen 49,
For example, a small piece of about 3 cm square or less suitable for storing in the silo 50 or forming the solid material SM is obtained. Crusher 4
As 0 ', a uniaxial cutter type is used in addition to the biaxial shear type shown in the illustrated example.

A plurality of rotary crushing blades and fixed blades are alternately arranged in a working chamber inside the casing below the hopper, and the crushed material is shredded between them. At the bottom, a screen composed of a plurality of longitudinal fixed blade members forming a finer grid and spaced apart in the width direction of the transverse support plate is attached, and fragments having a desired size are obtained by the screen. The rotary crushing blade is mounted on a rotating shaft supported by a bearing at the center of the fixed blade, with the phase sequentially shifted in the rotation direction. A short fixed blade is also provided on the edge side of the rotary crushing blade.

In addition, as the crusher 40 ', there is a biaxial or uniaxial rotary press crusher, and a plurality of longitudinally fixed blades and a tapered crushing screw portion or a straight crushing screw portion on the inner surface of the casing. Can be crushed between the ring-shaped fixed blades between the section and the straight section.

The crushed pieces are temporarily stored in a silo 50 equipped with a metering machine. The silo 50 is provided with a rotary spiral blade for preventing a bridging phenomenon inside. Also,
Container 5 containing non-permeable binder B mainly composed of clay
And a tank 6 containing a chelating agent K. In addition, containers containing waste lime, cement, and asphalt and containers containing incinerated ash are appropriately prepared. Screw-type metering machine 3 from these silos 50, containers 5 and 6
, And a predetermined amount of the chelating agent K is supplied from the tank 6 to the stirring mixer 60 via the valve and the pipe. As the stirring mixer 60,
Conventional mixers and kneaders are used. The stirred and mixed product W6 is sent to the solidification molding machine 70.

As clay, bentonite (SiO2 and Al2O
3) clay, industrial waste clay (produced by washing when sand is made from mountains), clay-like sludge (produced by washing a ready-mixed concrete mixer truck), inorganic mud (mainly used in foundation work for construction and civil engineering) Out). As chelating agent K,
An aqueous solution containing sodium dithiocarbamate as a main component against harmful lead is used, and the pH is adjusted to 8.8 to 9.8 to be alkaline. As the binder B, clay and cement are used whether the material to be treated is organic or inorganic, but asphalt is used only for inorganic material. Clay is
It forms a slow-setting solid, which is convenient for crushing in landfills.

As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the solidifying molding machine 70 inserts the light-weight articles W4, W7, and W7 'containing the plastic injected from the inlet 71A at one end into the outlet 71B at the other end. Crushing, kneading, compressing and crushing are performed while being transported in the longitudinal direction, and the temperature is raised by the heat generated by friction and compression, and the plastic is melted. A pair of rotating shafts 70S, 70S that are driven to rotate, and spiral bodies 72A, 72B and pressing bodies 73A attached to each of them.
73B and a wear-resistant lining member 7 detachably provided in the casing 71 with a predetermined gap therebetween.
1C and a perforated plate 75 with a nozzle for solidification at the take-out port 71B. The squeezed body constitutes a mortar-shaped squeezed part 73 that particularly promotes pulverization and melting. As the solidifying molding machine 70, a molding machine having a tapered portion on the outlet side using a uniaxial screw is also used. By this solidifying molding machine 70, a solid SM having good shape retention and not allowing water to pass can be obtained.

[0026]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the pretreatment method for landfill objects according to claim 1 of the present invention,
Even perishable or flammable organic matter, even inorganic matter alone, or even a mixture of them, they are mixed with a non-permeable binder such as clay or clay-like sludge, inorganic mud, cement, and impervious to water, It is formed into a solid that is not dissolved in water.

[0027] Therefore, it is possible to prevent the generation of a large amount of flies, spoilage by rats, crows, wild dogs, etc., and the generation of offensive odors against the putrefactive wastes, and to prevent the flammable wastes such as plastics, paper, sheets, etc. from being generated by the wind. It can prevent scattering and fire occurrence,
It can reduce the drainage load (chemical treatment, sedimentation treatment, etc.) on the treated land and is useful for safety, life extension, and ground stabilization. In addition, it is possible to select a ferrous metal having magnetism by using a magnetic force separator, thereby enabling recovery of iron resources and prevention of wear of subsequent processing equipment, and recovery of aluminum resources that consume a large amount of power during manufacturing. It can be done with an aluminum sorter. Furthermore, the inorganic material to be treated containing a heavy metal is stirred and mixed with the impermeable binder containing a chelating agent, and the heavy metal, for example, the chelating agent elutes into water even if lead is mixed into lead ions. It can be combined and stabilized as a chelate compound insoluble in water. The chelating agent is mixed very well by stirring and mixing, so that the amount of the chelating agent used can be minimized. The solid material with good shape retention that is obtained by using a water-impermeable binder prevents lead elution even if it is put into water for landfill, and it can be handled almost as well as a stable type . With a rotor separator,
Even if the inorganic material containing heavy metal supplied from the upper end of one end is wet or damp, the combustible organic material is overwhelmingly efficient without causing clogging while stirring with the rotation of the multiple arrangement rotors Mesh formed of medium and large resilient materials, which are overwhelmingly resilient and incombustible inorganic materials, and large and small diameter rings alternately arranged in the axial direction of adjacent rotating rotors It can be separated into two types: powder particles falling from the working interval and sediment, making it easy to perform secondary sorting work and sorting and pulverizing work for repulsive heavy objects, and also to remove subsequent processing equipment by removing earth and sand. Prevention can be achieved. In addition, the solidification molding machine can be continuously operated by storing the inorganic material such as the shard-like material to be treated, incinerated ash and fly ash (fly ash) in the silo, and the component can be appropriately adjusted by the quantitative feeder.

According to the pretreatment method of the object to be landfilled, the impermeable binder is made of SiO ₂ and Al ₂
From bentonite mainly composed of O ₃ , industrial waste clay generated by washing when sand is made from the mountain, clay-like sludge generated by washing a ready-mixed concrete mixer truck, or inorganic mud mainly generated by foundation work of construction civil engineering Because it is composed, easily available bentonite, industrial waste clay, industrial waste clay-like sludge, industrial waste inorganic mud can be used as a non-permeable binder to form solids, which are slow-curing and crushed in a landfill by a brutoza or the like. It is flattened, which is convenient for extending the life of the landfill.

[0029]

[0030]

[0031]

[0032]

[0033]

[0034]

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a representative embodiment of a pretreatment method of a landfill object according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of a bag breaking machine used in the pretreatment method.

FIG. 3 is a side view of an aluminum sorter used in the pretreatment method.

FIG. 4 is a side view of a rotor separator used in the pretreatment method.

FIG. 5 is a plan view of a main part of a sorting block of the rotor separator.

FIG. 6 is a plan view of a screw crusher as a crusher used in the pretreatment method.

FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view of a cutter type crusher as a crusher used in the pretreatment method.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view of a solidification molding machine used in the pretreatment method.

FIG. 9 is a horizontal sectional view of the solidification molding machine.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 3 Constant feeder 10 Bag breaking machine 15A Naginata-shaped bag breaking blade 15 Rotating rotor 20 Aluminum sorting machine 20 Magnetic sorting machine 30 Sieve sorting machine (rotor separator) 31 Rotor 31A Large meridian ring 31B Small meridian ring 40 Crushing machine 40 ' Crusher 50 Silo 60 Mixer 70 Forming machine AL Aluminum B Non-permeable binder K Chelating agent MM Magnetic material N Unsuitable material SM Solid material V Valuable material W6 Fragment-shaped object W0 Object to be treated

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-52-106364 (JP, A) JP-A-5-285466 (JP, A) JP-A-2-144185 (JP, A) JP-A 7-106 60220 (JP, A) JP-A-1-218672 (JP, A) JP-A-54-19471 (JP, A) JP-A-5-169046 (JP, A) JP-A-54-19472 (JP, A) JP-A-7-150158 (JP, A) JP-A-8-52449 (JP, A) JP-A-2-160088 (JP, A) JP-A-52-150373 (JP, A) (58) (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B09B 1/00-5/00

Claims (2)

(57) [Claims] Claims: 1. Bags among inorganic substances such as incinerated ash and fly ash (fly ash), and inorganic substances including heavy metals and / or combustible waste such as plastic, paper and wood to be landfilled. The material is sent to a bag-breaking machine and released from the bag-breaking machine onto a belt conveyor, where valuables such as magnetic substances, non-ferrous metals, cullet and the like are sorted and removed. Large objects to be treated are crushed by a crusher, and the resulting shard-like objects are stored in storage means. Of the above-mentioned objects to be treated, inorganic substances such as incinerated ash and fly ash (fly ash) are removed. The fragments and the inorganic substance are stored in a storage means, and are sent from the storage means and mixed with the water-impermeable binder in a mixer, and then formed into a solid material in a molding machine. Of the processed materials, Inorganic materials to be treated including heavy metals,
Magnetic substances such as iron are removed by a magnetic force sorter, aluminum is removed by an aluminum sorter, and thereafter, the sieve is sorted by a sieve sorter into intermediate and large-sized products that have been passed through the sieve. In the pretreatment method of the landfill object to be stirred and mixed with the impermeable binder containing a chelating agent, at least the heavy metal-containing inorganic material to be processed, the sieve sorter, a plurality of large and small rings A rotor separator having a sorting block in which rotating rotors in which the bodies are alternately arranged in the axial direction are arranged so as to form sieves between the rings of adjacent rotors in the longitudinal direction of a plurality of frames, and The storage means is constituted by a silo with a fixed-rate feeder, and is supplied with a fixed amount of the fragment-like material to be processed and the inorganic substances such as the incinerated ash and fly ash (fly ash) while being sent to the mixer. Pretreatment method of landfill treatment object, characterized in that. 2. The water-impermeable binder is bentonite mainly composed of SiO ₂ and Al ₂ O ₃ , industrial waste clay produced by washing with sand when making sand from a mountain, and washing by a mixer for fresh concrete. 2. The pretreatment method according to claim 1, wherein the pretreatment method is composed of clay-like sludge or inorganic mud mainly produced in foundation work of construction civil engineering.