JP4096082B2 - Self-propelled agitation crusher - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention mainly uses organic wastes such as cattle, pigs, chickens, etc., livestock manure excreta and garbage, or plant wastes such as pruned branches, grass cuts, rice husks, waste wood, etc. In the manufacture of compost, it is related to the stirring and pulverizing device used when depositing the object to be processed consisting of these mixtures and fermenting, and more specifically, it relates to a self-propelled stirring and pulverizing device. It is.
[0002]
[Prior art]
There are a wide variety of methods for producing compost from organic waste such as manure excrement and raw waste discharged from livestock facilities or plant waste such as selected branches, mowing grass, rice husks, and waste wood. It is well-known that is proposed and implemented from various directions.
[0003]
As a matter common to these various methods, the organic waste and the vegetable waste are uniformly mixed, and then deposited and fermented and matured over a period of several months to half a year. There is. In this process, as shown in FIG. 4, the uniformly mixed workpieces are provided indoors and are composed of fermentation zones 23 a to 23 c defined by vertical walls 21 and partition walls 22 a to 22 d. In, it is the process of performing a fermentation process, ventilating. Specifically, the pre-processed materials such as mixing and stirring in the previous step are first loaded into the first fermentation zone 23a and deposited to perform a primary fermentation process, and a predetermined primary fermentation period is reached. If it passes, it will transfer to the adjoining 2nd fermentation zone 23b, and also if the predetermined | prescribed secondary fermentation period passes, it will transfer to the 3rd fermentation zone 23c (ripening zone) adjacent, and after performing predetermined | prescribed aging, this 3rd fermentation Ships as product compost from ward 23c.
[0004]
In the fermentation and ripening process in each of the fermentation zones 23a-23c, it is necessary to ventilate appropriately. Therefore, an aeration pipe is arranged at the bottom of each of the fermentation zones 23a-23c so that air is constantly in the deposit. The method of making it erupt is adopted. However, if the material is simply ventilated, the object to be processed 1 is gradually aggregated into a lump, so that it is necessary to appropriately stir the object to be treated. Therefore, in the case of a small-scale fermentation treatment plant, there are many methods in which workers regularly cut back the workpiece 1 in each section with a scoop to prevent agglomeration and maintain air permeability. In this case, a method of periodically turning back the deposit using a shovel car is employed (for example, see Patent Document 1). Furthermore, as a method of transferring the object 1 to be processed to the next fermentation zone, a method of transferring it periodically using the shovel car is common (for example, see Patent Document 1).
[0005]
Also, a fermentation accelerating device having a screw conveyor and a bucket elevator is disposed in the fermentation zone, and the bottom deposit is transferred to the bucket elevator by the screw conveyor provided at the bottom of the fermentation zone, and the bucket elevator. Has also proposed a device for scooping up the object to be processed at the bottom and moving it to the surface (see Patent Document 2). This apparatus is designed to promote aerobic fermentation by preventing the agglomeration by aeration and agitation by moving the bottom sediment upward by a bucket elevator.
[0006]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-12070 (FIG. 1)
[Patent Document 2]
JP-T 9-502419 (FIG. 6)
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In each agitation and transfer method in the above fermentation zone, a method in which a worker turns over the object to be deposited using a scoop or transfers it to an adjacent fermentation zone is out of the question. In such a method that uses a shovel car, which is a general method, to turn the object to be processed and transfer it to an adjacent fermentation zone, it is easy to turn the shovel car within the reach of the shovel. It is difficult to turn the back of the sections 23a to 23c. To turn the back, the excavator must step on the object 1 to be processed. This causes the object 1 to be hardened. It will be a thing. Moreover, since it is a stirring operation by repeating the operation of scooping up and dropping with a shovel, it cannot be denied that the stirring effect has a limit.
[0008]
Next, in the method described in Patent Document 2, a stirrer is arranged in each fermentation zone, and the bottom one is scooped up and stirred with a bucket elevator, so that it is compared with the method using the shovel car. Although it can be expected to have an agitation effect, it does not have a crushing function for those that have agglomerated and solidified, and is basically a device that is used by placing it in a fermentation zone. It goes without saying that it is unsuitable as a device for transporting to a ward or a remote place.
[0009]
The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and while effectively stirring for the prevention of coagulation of the object to be treated during the fermentation process, the coagulated product is effectively crushed, and It aims at providing the apparatus which can be easily conveyed to the adjacent fermentation zone, the fermentation zone in a distant place, or a packing shipment place.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention has been made based on such a viewpoint. The feature of the present invention is that, first, a stirring / disintegrating device is mounted on a self-propelled gantry so that an object to be processed can be conveyed to any place. Secondly, there is a point that the fermentation function is facilitated by maintaining the crushing function and preventing the solidification of the workpiece.
[0011]
Specifically, it is a self-propelled stirring and crushing device that stirs and crushes an object to be processed such as compost during deposition and fermentation,
It comprises a receiving hopper part for the object to be processed, a screw type feeding part arranged at the lower part of the hopper part, and a crushing part arranged at one lower part of the screw type feeding part,
The screw-type feeding unit is formed along at least one first rotating shaft coupled to the first driving unit, and the outer peripheral surface of the first rotating shaft, and the other from one end side of the first rotating shaft. A forward screw portion for transferring the workpiece to the end side, and a reverse screw portion formed on the outer peripheral surface of the other end portion of the first rotating shaft and having a transfer force opposite to the forward screw portion; , Formed between the forward screw portion and the reverse screw portion, and having a falling portion in which a plurality of fall promoting bars protrude and are arranged in the circumferential direction of the first rotating shaft without having a screw blade,
The crushing portion is disposed below the dropping portion, and has a plurality of second rotating shafts disposed in a direction orthogonal to the first rotating shaft (3), and a spiral shape on the outer peripheral surface of the second rotating shaft. A plurality of projecting bars arranged in a protruding manner, and a second drive unit connected to the second rotating shaft,
The hopper part, the screw-type feeding part, and the crushing part are integrally mounted on a self-propelled gantry.
As a result, the workpiece can be easily stirred and crushed, and by being mounted on a self-propelled gantry, it can be very easily transferred to any location.
[0012]
In the apparatus, prior to the belt conveyor is arranged at the bottom of the Machinery砕部is and also a preferable embodiment also the belt conveyor keep mounted on the self-propelled platform.
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on embodiments of the drawings. 1 is a partial cross-sectional side view of a self-propelled stirring and crushing apparatus according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view of a screw-type feeding unit of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a right side of FIG. FIG. In these drawings, a self-propelled stirring and crushing apparatus of the present invention includes a hopper part A that accommodates an object to be processed, and a screw-type transfer part that is arranged at the lower part of the hopper part A and in which a rotary screw is arranged. B and a crushing part C disposed at the lower end of one end of the screw-type transfer part B. These hopper part A, screw-type transfer part B, and crushing part C are provided on the self-propelled gantry 10. It has a built-in configuration.
[0014]
Specifically, based on FIG. 1, first, the gantry 10 can be self-propelled by a caterpillar 15 that can be self-propelled by a well-known system by operation from the cab 16. A first driving unit 2 such as an electric motor for driving the screw type feeding unit B, a second driving unit 13 such as an electric motor for driving the crushing unit C, the hopper unit A, and a screw type feeding unit B And the some flame | frame 17 which supports the crushing part C, and the operation panel 18 which operates these each part are mounted.
[0015]
The upper portion of the frame 17 is supported by the frame 17 and the hopper portion A is disposed. The hopper portion A communicates with a lower opening of the hopper portion A and is connected to the hopper portion A so that the screw-type feeding portion B is connected. Is arranged. As shown in FIG. 2, the screw-type feeding unit B has a plurality of first rotating shafts 3 arranged in parallel in a casing 19 held by the frame 17, and one end thereof is the first A screw blade is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the first rotating shaft 3 from the one end, and is dropped from the hopper A. A forward screw part 4 for transferring the processed material in the right direction in the figure, a reverse screw part 5 in which screw blades are formed in the opposite direction to the forward screw part 4 from the other end part (right end in the figure), and both screws The first rotating shaft 3 of the dropping portion 7 is provided with a plurality of drop promoting bars 6 protruding outwards at a plurality of locations. It has been. The drop promoting bars 6 are arranged in the number of 3 to 4 (4 in FIG. 2) on the same circumference of the first rotating shaft 3 and are similarly spaced at a predetermined interval in the axial direction of the first rotating shaft 3. Multiple rows are arranged.
[0016]
Further, the crushing part C is connected to the lower part of the dropping part 7, and the structure thereof is the first rotating shaft 3 of the screw-type feeding part B as shown in FIG. And a plurality of (two in FIG. 2) second rotating shafts 11 arranged in a direction orthogonal to the outer peripheral surface, and a plurality of crushing bars 12 projecting from the outer peripheral surface thereof. The second rotating shaft 11 is configured to be rotationally driven by the second driving unit 13 shown in FIG. 1, and the crushing bar 12 is spirally formed on the outer peripheral surface of the second rotating shaft 11. Multiple strips are arranged. Specifically, 3 to 4 crushing bars 12 are arranged on the same circumference of the second rotating shaft 11, and each crushing bar 12 is arranged in a spiral form in the axial direction. .
[0017]
When explaining the case of stirring and crushing the object to be processed using the self-propelled stirring and crushing apparatus of the present invention, the apparatus is first placed before the object to be processed in the fermentation zone where the object to be processed is deposited. The tip of a belt conveyor prepared separately is placed on the top of the hopper A, and a predetermined amount of workpiece is passed into the hopper A through the belt conveyor using a scoop or shovel car. Carry in. When a predetermined amount of object to be processed is carried into the hopper part A, the belt conveyor is moved to the lower part of the crushing part C, and the first driving part 2 and the second driving part 13 are driven to move the screw. The formula feeding unit B and the crushing unit C are operated. Then, the object to be processed in the hopper part A is fed toward the dropping part 7 by the positive screw part 4 of the screw type feeding part B, and is agitated by the rotation of the positive screw part. The portion where the fermentation is relatively advanced and the portion where the fermentation is delayed are mixed to make the fermentation state uniform. The reverse screw portion 5 formed at the end portion of the first rotating shaft 3 exceeds the drop portion 7 formed at the tip portion of the normal screw portion 4 by the feeding force of the normal screw portion 4. The workpiece to be transferred to the end of the first rotating shaft 3 is pushed back to the dropping portion 7 by the transfer force in the reverse direction, and the end of the first rotating shaft 3 It has a function of preventing the object to be processed from being pushed and deposited.
[0018]
The object to be processed fed to the dropping unit 7 is dropped downward by a plurality of fall promoting bars 6 protruding on the same circumference of the outer surface of the first rotating shaft 3. That is, the object to be treated is fed to the drop promoting part 7 from the left and right by the transfer force of the forward screw part 4 and the reverse screw part 5, and is compressed and consolidated by the feeding pressing force. In some cases, the natural fall to the opened downward direction may be hindered. However, the rotation of the drop promoting bar 6 prevents the consolidation, and partially dissolves agglomerated masses during the deposition of the workpieces. They are crushed and forcibly dropped to the crushing part C from the lower opening.
[0019]
The distance between the tip of the forward screw portion 4 and the reverse screw portion 5, that is, the axial length of the dropping portion 7 is designed to be sufficiently long. In the case where consolidation is difficult to occur and the object to be processed falls naturally, the drop promoting bar 6 can be omitted.
[0020]
Next, the object to be processed that has fallen from the screw feeder B is a plurality of second rotating shafts 11 arranged in a direction orthogonal to the first rotating shaft 3 and a solution formed so as to protrude from the surface. It is crushed by the crushing section C composed of the crushing bar 12 and falls onto the belt conveyor 14 disposed below the crushing section C. That is, in the crushing section C, the object to be processed that has fallen from the dropping section 7 is separated by a plurality of crushing bars 12 that protrude from the plurality of second rotating shafts 11 and are arranged in a spiral manner . It is crushed into granules, falls onto the belt conveyor 14, and is returned to the original fermentation zone by the conveyor 14.
[0021]
The above explanation is to stir the object to be processed during natural fermentation deposited in a predetermined fermentation zone, and to homogenize the progress of the fermentation, and to break up and restore the lump produced in the fermentation process. In addition, it is an explanation in the case of continuing fermentation, and a so-called batch method in which the screw-type feeding unit B and the pulverizing unit C are operated after a predetermined amount of the workpiece is put into the hopper unit A has been described. By operating the screw-type feeding unit B and the crushing unit C while putting the processing object into the hopper part A, the so-called continuous is obtained by stirring and crushing and returning the processing object to the hopper part. A scheme is also possible.
[0022]
In addition, when the fermentation in a predetermined fermentation zone proceeds and is transferred to the next fermentation zone, the object to be processed in the predetermined fermentation zone is conveyed to the hopper A using a belt conveyor or the like, and in that state, Move the stir crushing and crushing device in front of another predetermined fermentation zone, operate the screw-type feeding unit B and crushing unit C as described above, and stir and crush the workpiece. However, it will be deposited in a predetermined fermentation zone. Similarly, when transporting compost from the final ripening zone to the shipping and shipping site, the self-propelled agitation / pulverization apparatus is mounted in the hopper section A and the self-propelled agitation / pulverization apparatus is packed and shipped in a predetermined manner. It is moved to a place, and is transferred by the belt conveyor 14 into a hopper provided in the packing and shipping place.
[0023]
In the above description, the belt conveyor 14 installed below the crushing section C is provided separately from the self-propelled stirring and crushing apparatus according to the present invention, and is used for feeding into the hopper section A. Although the case where the belt conveyor is relocated and used has been described, the belt conveyor is mounted on the self-propelled gantry 10 below the crushing section C, and the processing object is put into the hopper section A. It is also possible to do it with an excavator car.
[0024]
In the above description, an example in which the self-propelled stirring and crushing device is used indoors has been described. However, by pulverizing pruned branches, The device of the present invention can be used even in the case of natural fermentation, and also in the case of returning to the forest after pulverizing the felled forest or sawmill waste, etc. It is also possible to mount the compost to be spread on the hopper part of this device, transport it to a predetermined place, and disintegrate and discharge at that place. In this sense, it is preferable that the caterpillar 15 is employed in the traveling portion of the self-propelled gantry 10 as in this example.
[0025]
The above description is an example in the case of stirring and crushing the object to be processed in the process of producing compost from livestock manure and pruned branches, but the deposits aggregate and solidify if left untreated. For example, it goes without saying that the apparatus of the present invention can also be used for raw materials before composting treatment consisting of a mixture of livestock manure and rice husks, sediment before sludge composting processing, and the like.
[0026]
Further, in the above description, when the workpiece is put into the hopper part A and then the screw type feeding part B and the crushing part C are driven, the hopper part A and the screw feeding part B are driven. And the crushing part C are communicated with each other, but the processing object passes through the screw feeding part B and the crushing part C and falls downward in the charging process of the processing object. In this case, a shutter is disposed between the screw feeding unit B and the crushing unit C, and the shutter is opened when the screw feeding unit B and the crushing unit C are driven. Is also possible.
[0027]
【The invention's effect】
As explained above, according to the self-propelled stirring and crushing apparatus of the present invention, the hopper part A, the screw-type feeding part B, and the crushing part C are mounted on the self-propelled gantry 10, so that the object to be processed It is possible to agitate and pulverize a large amount of items regularly, and it is expected to show its power in facilities for composting large-scale livestock manure that are planned for construction in the future.
[0028]
Moreover, as the structure of the screw-type feeding part B, the reverse screw part 5 opposite to the normal screw part 4 is formed at the end part, so that the object to be processed is deposited on one end part of the screw rotating shaft. In addition, since the falling part 7 of the object to be processed is formed between the forward and reverse screw parts 4 and 5, the object to be processed is surely dropped from the screw type feeding part B to the crushing part C. It becomes. In particular, if a plurality of drop promotion bars 6 are formed in the drop portion 7 so as to protrude from the outer peripheral surface of the rotary shaft 2, it is possible to reliably drop the object to be processed downward, and the drop promotion bar 6 This also has the effect of partially crushing the agglomerated workpieces.
[0029]
In addition, as the structure of the crushing section C, a large number of crushing bars 12 are arranged around the second rotary shaft 11, so that the object to be processed that has fallen from above due to the rotation of the second rotary shaft 11 can be removed. The crushing bar 12 can be reliably crushed by the rotation of the crushing bar 12.
[0030]
Further, when the apparatus of the present invention is used in the stirring and crushing process in composting, the object to be processed is stirred by being processed through the apparatus, and as a result, the portion where the degree of fermentation is relatively advanced And the delayed part are mixed and homogenized, so that it is possible to produce a uniform compost by uniformizing the degree of fermentation as a whole, and it is easy to proceed with fermentation after being crushed. There is also an effect of increasing the fermentation speed as a whole.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view of a self-propelled stirring and crushing apparatus according to the present invention.
2 is a plan view of a principal part showing a screw-type feeding unit of the apparatus of FIG. 1; FIG.
3 is a right side view of the apparatus of FIG.
FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram of a fermentation plant in a composting process.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 To-be-processed object 2 1st drive part 3 1st rotating shaft 4 Normal screw part 5 Reverse screw part 6 Fall acceleration bar 7 Dropping part 10 Mount 11 Second rotating shaft 12 Crushing bar 13 Second drive part 14 Belt conveyor A Hopper Part B Screw type feeding part C Crushing part

Claims (3)

A stirring and crushing device that stirs and crushes the object to be processed (1) such as compost during deposition and fermentation,
The receiving hopper part (A) for the workpiece (1), the screw-type feeding part (B) disposed at the lower part of the hopper part (A), and one lower end of the screw-type feeding part (B) And crushing part (C) arranged in
The screw-type feeding unit (B)
At least one first rotating shaft (3) coupled to the first drive unit (2);
A positive screw portion (4) that is formed along the outer peripheral surface of the first rotating shaft (3) and that transfers a workpiece from one end side to the other end side of the first rotating shaft (3);
A reverse screw portion (5) formed on the outer peripheral surface of the other end portion of the first rotating shaft (3) and formed to have a feeding force opposite to the forward screw portion (4);
It is formed between the forward screw part (4) and the reverse screw part (5), and does not have a screw blade, and a plurality of fall promotion bars (6) project in the circumferential direction of the first rotating shaft (3). And the falling part (7) arranged
The crushing part (C)
Arranged below the drop part (7),
A plurality of second rotating shafts (11) arranged in a direction orthogonal to the first rotating shaft (3), and a plurality of spirally projecting arrangements on the outer peripheral surface of the second rotating shaft (11) The crushing bar (12) and the second drive unit (13) connected to the second rotating shaft (11),
Self-propelled characterized in that the hopper part (A), the screw-type feeding part (B) and the crushing part (C) are integrally mounted on a self-propelled gantry (10). Type stirring and crushing equipment The self-propelled type according to claim 1, wherein a belt conveyor (14) is disposed below the crushing part (C), and the belt conveyor (14) is also mounted on the self-propelled frame (10). Agitation crusher The object to be processed, the fermentation of compost, self-propelled stirrer crushing apparatus according to claim 1 or 2 is a composting treated in this ripening process

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