JP2010005586A - Method and apparatus for treating mowed herbage - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for treating mowed herbage, whereby mowed herbage is pelletized so as to enable its multipurpose use, such as a fertilizer, environmental improvement, etc., and whereby conventional problems occurring in the treatment of a large amount of mowed herbage can be dissolved. <P>SOLUTION: The method for treating comprises the following: mowed herbage obtained by mowing weeds is controlled in a moderate moisture status and shredded by a shredder 2; foreign matter included in the shredded mowed herbage is removed; the shredded mowed herbage is ground with a grinder 11; the ground mowed herbage is subjected to a drying treatment with a drying machine 13 to deaden bacteria and seeds, thus adjusting water content; the dried mowed herbage is cooled through an air-transporting pipeline 16 and transmitted from the drying machine 13 into a pellet-forming machine 19; and the dried mowed herbage is pelletized with the pellet-forming machine 19. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2010,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention provides a cut grass that can be effectively used without discarding the weeds by pelletizing the cut weeds when the weeds grow on roads, rivers, parks, etc. managed by municipalities in prefectures. The present invention relates to a processing method and a processing apparatus.

  For example, in weedy areas such as riverbeds, embankments, roads, parks, etc., weeds need to be cut regularly in order to beautify urban functions, prevent illegal dumping, prevent pests, etc. Therefore, a large amount of mowing grass is generated after cutting, so that the conventional mowing grass processing method is performed by incineration in principle.

  The generation of carbon dioxide gas caused by the burning of mowing grass due to incineration is not a problem in only one region, it is a huge amount when considering the whole country of Japan. In addition, there are laws on air pollution prevention, foul odor prevention, waste disposal and cleaning, and there are laws for volume reduction and recycling purposes. There are laws, and incineration is subject to these laws.

However, the capacity of grass clippings is a large amount, is about 1Kg with mowed grass volume 1m ^3, not only get a higher cost of transportation of up to incineration place, but is burned along with the incineration process is general waste, and contemporary issues The generation of carbon dioxide gas and the warm island in urban areas are a cause of warming, so it is necessary to reduce the incineration load as much as possible.

  In addition, some contractors, in principle, use incineration to ferment hay using yeast, but when stirred to promote fermentation, foul odors and dust are generated, In addition to causing destruction, a long treatment period is required, and in yeast fermentation, when used as compost, there is a problem that weeds grow in the place where the compost is seeded.

  Therefore, the object of the present invention is to process the cut grass that weeded the weeds, to reduce the volume and kill the bacteria and seeds by heat treatment in order to recycle them for the purpose of recycling, and to form a small-diameter pellet. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and apparatus for treating cut grass that can solve the conventional problems caused in the treatment of cut grass.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the invention of claim 1 measures the weight of the cut grass that weeded the weeds, and based on this measurement, calculated the amount of moisture or moisture contained in the grass, If it contains a lot of water, it is dried in the sun, shreds the mowing grass in an appropriate moisture state with a shredder, removes foreign matter contained in the cut grass, and then crushes the shredded grass This pulverized cut grass is dried with a dryer to kill bacteria and seeds and adjust the moisture content, and the dried cut grass is cooled by air transportation and sent from the dryer to the pellet molding machine. A configuration is adopted in which dry mowed grass is made into pellets by a molding machine.

  The invention of claim 2 employs a configuration in which a pneumatic transportation pipe for sending the dried hay to the pellet forming machine can be branched and the dried hay can be stored in a separately installed silo.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, the dryer dries pulverized cut grass with hot air supplied from a hot air generating furnace, and adjusts the pulverized cut grass to moisture necessary for pelletization by adjusting a residence time and temperature during drying. The configuration is adopted.

  The invention of claim 4 employs a configuration in which the pellets molded in the pellet molding step are carbonized as secondary processing.

  The invention of claim 5 is a shredding machine for shredding cut grass, a grinder for shredding shredded cut grass supplied from the shredding machine, and stirring and conveying the ground cut grass in a hot air atmosphere. The dried chopped grass is dried from the dryer to the pellet forming machine, and the dried chopped grass is dried into a dried hay that has been killed by bacteria and seeds, and a pellet molding machine that pellets the dried hay. The structure that adopts pneumatic transportation to send dry chopped grass while cooling is adopted.

  According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, the dryer uses a screw conveyor that dries the pulverized cut grass with hot air supplied from a hot air generator, and the inside of the dryer is alternately provided with a screw feed zone and a stirring zone with stirring blades. The structure formed is used.

  Here, the cut grass is brought into an intermediate processing plant by truck, the weight is measured on a truck scale, and the amount of moisture adhering to or contained in the grass is derived from the relationship with the volume. Is dried in the sun, and chopped by supplying mowing grass in an appropriate moisture state to a shredder.

  Mowed grass contains foreign matter such as stones, gravel, and soil when weeds, weeds, hardware, and other weeds in the weeds are overgrown. Since this will cause wear to the grinder in the crushing process, foreign matter is removed with an electromagnetic roller, vibrating sieve or trommel after the shredding process, and thus in the track scale. The process from the weight measurement to the removal of the foreign matter is the first processing step.

  Shredded cut grass treated in the first treatment step is finely pulverized with a pulverizer, and the pulverized cut grass is put into a dryer by a conveyor and dried without spots by stirring and drying with hot air. Kill the seeds. The dryer's hot air is a self-current type that is opposite to the direction of movement of the crushed grass.

  The dried grass cut out from the dryer is sent to the stock tank and stored while being cooled by the air transportation pipe. The dried grass cut out from the stock tank is sent to the pellet molding machine, and the molded pellets are packed in the bag after weighing. From the pulverization of the cut grass by the pulverizer to the bagging of the pellets, the second processing step is performed.

  In the second treatment step, the dry airfed pipe can be branched and the dry cut grass can be used as it is by storing the dry cut grass in a separate silo.

  According to this invention, the crushed cut grass is heat-treated and dried to kill bacteria and seeds, and this dry cut grass is formed into pellets. It was able to be used for various purposes such as environmental improvement, cleared the requirements of various laws related to the processing of cut grass, and could be used effectively without incinerating the cut grass, resulting in the processing of cut grass All conventional problems can be solved.

  In addition, when forming pellets with heat-treated pulverized mowing grass, no additives are added, so that it contains nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, which are three elements as fertilizers, and when the pellets are used for plant growth, plant growth Since the pellets are decomposed by moisture and contribute greatly to the growth improvement, and the grass fiber becomes soil, it becomes an effective plant growth material.

  Furthermore, if the pellets molded without any additives are carbonized, humidity control, temperature control, etc. in daily life, soil improvement (geological enhancement), cultivation of useful microorganisms, deodorization, etc., when used in agriculture Can be used for microbial decomposition, water purification, ion conversion, adsorption of chemical substances, etc., and can also be used for fuel.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  FIG. 1 shows the overall structure of a cutting grass processing apparatus according to the present invention, and a processing method using this processing apparatus includes a primary processing step shown in FIG. 3 and a secondary processing step of FIG. .

  As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 3, the primary processing step portion of the processing apparatus measures the weight and volume of the cut grass a that has been carried by the truck, and based on this measurement, the adhering moisture or contained moisture of the cut grass a A track scale 1 for calculating the amount, a shredder 2 for shredding the cut grass a in a predetermined moisture state, a foreign matter removing mechanism 3 for removing foreign matter from the shredded grass, and storing shredded grass. It consists of four stock yards.

  Weed cut grass is transported to a factory by a contractor, the weight and volume are measured with a truck scale 1 installed in the factory, and the dried one is stored in the stock yard 5 as appropriate, and adhering moisture or contained moisture due to rain. Those with a large amount are transported to a dry place and subjected to primary drying 6 by sun drying, and the dried one is stored in the stock yard 7 as appropriate.

  Dry mowing grass is supplied to the shredder 2 and shredded. After this shredding step, the foreign matter is removed by the foreign matter removing mechanism 3 using an electromagnetic roller, a vibrating screen or a trommel, and the shredded grass is stored in the stock yard 4 or as shown in FIG. Directly supplied to the secondary processing step via the conveyor 9 and the chute 10.

  In the case of the above primary treatment process, the amount of mowing grass brought by the contractor varies from day to day, and there is water adhering to the surface of the mowing grass during the rainy season, which requires drying. In addition to performing the primary drying 6 and removing foreign substances contained in the cut grass cut by the shredder 2, in the case of hardware, an electromagnetic roller is used, and pebbles, dirt, gravel, sand, etc. are less noisy. Trommel is performed and shredded grass is stored in the stockyard 4 or supplied directly to the secondary treatment process.

  The shredding of the cut grass in the first treatment step is intended to reduce the volume of the cut grass that has been collected and transported, and reduces the load on each mechanical device by quantitative supply to the second treatment step. The cut grass that is shredded to a length of 10 to 20 cm by the shredder 2 retains appropriate moisture even after the primary drying, and therefore dust scattering does not occur during shredding.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the second processing step portion of the processing apparatus is a pulverizer 11 for further finely pulverizing the chopped cut grass supplied from the chopping machine 2 or stock yard 4 by the belt conveyor 9 or chute 10. And a screw conveyor 12 that conveys the pulverized crushed grass, a dryer 13 that dries the crushed grass that has been fed by the screw conveyor 12 to kill bacteria and seeds, and adjusts the moisture content, and a dryer 13. The dry cut grass taken out from the air through the quantitative feeder 14 is pneumatically transported to the stock tank 15 with a cyclone, and the dry transport grass 16 stored in the stock tank 15 with the cyclone is supplied to the air transport pipe 16 that cools the dry grass. The fixed quantity feeder 17 for taking out the powder and the screw conveyor 18 for transporting the dry grass, and the dry grass that has been supplied by the screw conveyor 18 A pellet molding machine 19 for molding the pellets, a roller conveyor 21 and a belt conveyor 22 for transporting the basket 20 containing the molded pellets, and a pellet storage hopper 23 for storing and cooling the pellets fed by the belt conveyor 22. And a weighing machine 24 for weighing the pellets taken out from the hopper 23, and a bagging machine 25 for bagging the weighed pellets.

  In the second treatment step, the shredded grass to be supplied to the pulverizer 11 has a length of 10 to 20 cm, so that moisture is contained therein, and the pulverizer 11 uses shredded grass. By finely pulverizing, it is possible to facilitate the discharge of moisture, and the hermetic screw conveyor 12 employed as a means for supplying the pulverized pulverized grass to the dryer 13 is capable of generating bad odors. There is an advantage that shredded grass is prevented from scattering and the environment in the factory is kept good.

  As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the dryer 13 is formed in a horizontally long screw conveyor that feeds the pulverized cut grass fed to one end toward the other end, and is closed in a bowl-shaped drying furnace 26. A screw main shaft 27 housed so as to be rotationally driven by a motor is provided with a screw blade 28, a plurality of stirring blades 29 and a ribbon screw 30 in an appropriate combination such as alternating, and an inlet 31 and hot air are provided at one end side of the drying furnace 26. The exhaust port 32 is provided with a take-out port 33 and a hot air supply port 34 on the other end side, and the upper end outlet of the screw conveyor 12 is connected to the input port 31, and pulverized grass is supplied into the drying furnace 26 from the input port 31. It is like that.

  In the drying furnace 26, a hot air generating furnace 35 is connected to the hot air supply port 34, and a bag filter 36 for removing dust is connected to the hot air exhaust port 32. The drying furnace 26 has a U-shaped circulation section. It consists of a hot water bath 37, a heat insulating layer 38 covering the outer surface thereof, and a lid member 39 that closes the upper surface. In the circulating hot water bath 37, a water sealing tube 40 is embedded, and hot air flowing in the drying furnace 26 is used. Heating is performed to store heat, and the inside of the drying furnace 26 is kept warm so as to improve thermal efficiency.

  The pulverized cut grass pulverized by the pulverizer 11 is supplied from the inlet 31 to the dryer 13 by the screw conveyor 12, and is sent from the inlet 31 to the outlet 33 through the drying furnace 26 by the rotation of the screw spindle 27. In addition, the feed is given in the zone of the screw blade 28 and the ribbon screw 30, and the stirring is given in the zone of the stirring blade 29 to increase the drying efficiency, and the hot air supplied in the drying furnace 26 is heated by the hot air supply port 34. The dry pulverized grass is efficiently dried by becoming a self-flow type in the opposite direction to the feed of the pulverized grass to the hot air exhaust port 32.

  Such agitation and drying with hot air can dry the pulverized mowed grass without any spots, and this heat drying will kill bacteria and mowed grass seeds. The hot air temperature is set to a temperature at which moisture contained in the pulverized mowing grass can be evaporated, and the residence time of the pulverized mowing grass is adjusted within a range of about 5 to 10 minutes. Can be set in the control panel.

  The dry cut grass that has been dried in the dryer 13 is taken out by a fixed amount feeder 14 provided at the take-out port 33 at regular intervals, and the dry cut grass is fed into the stock tank 15 with a cyclone through the air transport pipe 16. As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 4, the pneumatic transport pipe 16 is connected to a high pressure blower 41. When the dry mowing grass is pneumatically transported, the dry mowing grass has heat so that it is cooled and a cyclone stock tank. The cyclone 15 has an air outlet connected to the bag filter 36 in order to install a cyclone in the upper part, separate dry hay and air, and remove dust in the air.

  In the secondary treatment step of FIG. 4, a hopper 43 with a cyclone is connected via a branch pipe 42 that can be switched in the middle of the air transport pipe 16, and the dry hay is stored in the hopper 43, thereby It is taken out as it is and packed in a bag so that it can be used in the state of dry grass.

  The dry mowed grass stored in the stock tank 15 with a cyclone has a moisture content necessary for pellet forming, and the dry mowed grass in the tank 15 is taken out by a fixed amount feeder 17 provided at a lower portion and screwed. A basket placed in a pellet molding machine 19 by a conveyor 18 and compacted by a roller located on a die in the molding machine 19 to form a large number of pellets at the same time. Accumulate in 20.

  When forming pellets, no additives are added for molding, and it is adhered by grass components. When the pellets are small, the basket 20 is stacked, cooled, placed in a simple hopper, weighed, and then packaged To do.

  In the case of a large amount of processing, cooling with cold air is performed in the middle of conveyance by the roller conveyor 21 and the belt conveyor 22, and after putting into the pellet storage hopper 23, the taken-out pellets are weighed and packaged.

  For example, the pellets are formed into a disk shape having a diameter of about 6 to 10 mm or a diameter of about 10 to 20 mm, and the power required for forming is reduced by downsizing.

  Since the pellet contains no additives, it contains nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, which are the three elements of fertilizer, and when used for plant growth, it can improve plant growth and carbon dioxide gas. Therefore, when this pellet is used for growing plants such as trees, fruit trees, and horticulture, the carbon dioxide gas is gradually decomposed, which can greatly contribute to the improvement of plant growth.

  In addition to using pellets as they are, carbonization treatment is performed, and tertiary processing is added to the pellets depending on the intended use. In the environment (improvement (enhancement of geological power), cultivation of useful microorganisms, deodorization, etc.), it can be used for microbial decomposition, water purification, ion conversion, adsorption of chemical substances, etc., and it can be used for fuel.

  The second processing step is operated by an automatic / manual switching operation panel, and in response to machine troubles and clogging of cut grass, automatic crushing is used, and a crusher that easily clogs cut grass is easily generated. No. 11 sets a constant torque, and in the case of torque over, the torque over is canceled by reversing the feeder of the chopped grass.

  In addition, the clogging of the cut grass is a fixed amount feeder 14 provided at the take-out port 33 of the dryer 13 and is devised so that the mounting flange can be removed with a single touch. Make sure that the outlet can be installed and removed with one touch.

  Further, the pulverizer 11, the dryer 13, and the pellet molding machine 19 are controlled by an inverter, and are automatically controlled in conjunction with the respective machines.

Explanatory drawing which shows the whole structure of the processing apparatus of the mowing grass concerning this invention (A) is a longitudinal front view showing the main structure of a dryer in the processing apparatus, (b) is a longitudinal side view of the same. Process drawing which shows the 1st process process of the processing method of the mowing grass concerning this invention Process drawing which shows the 2nd processing process of the processing method of the grass cutting which concerns on this invention

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Truck scale 2 Shredder 3 Foreign material removal mechanism 4 Stock yard 5 Stock yard 6 Primary drying 7 Stock yard 9 Belt conveyor 10 Chute 11 Crusher 12 Screw conveyor 13 Dryer 14 Metering feeder 15 Stock tank with cyclone 16 Air transportation piping 17 Constant feeder 18 Screw conveyor 19 Pellet molding machine 20 Basket 21 Roller conveyor 22 Belt conveyor 23 Pellet storage hopper 24 Weighing machine 25 Bagging machine 26 Drying furnace 27 Screw main shaft 28 Screw blade 29 Stirring blade 30 Ribbon screw 31 Input port 32 Hot air exhaust Port 33 Extraction port 34 Hot air supply port 35 Hot air generator 36 Bag filter 37 Circulating hot water bath 38 Thermal insulation layer 39 Lid member 40 Water enclosure tube 41 High pressure blower 42 Branch tube 43 Hopper

Claims (6)

  Measure the weight of the cut grass that weeded, we calculate the amount of moisture or moisture contained in the cut grass based on this measurement. If there is a lot of moisture or moisture, it is dried in the sun and is in an appropriate moisture state. After cutting the cut grass with a shredder, remove the foreign matter contained in the cut grass, then crush the shredded cut grass with a grinder, and dry the ground cut grass with a dryer to remove bacteria. The processing method of the grass mowing which adjusts the moisture content by killing the seeds and seeds, sends the dried grass to the pellet molding machine while cooling it by pneumatic transportation, and pelletizes the dried grass with the pellet molding machine.   The processing method of the mowing grass of Claim 1 which enables it to branch the pneumatic transportation piping which sends the said dry mowing grass from a dryer to a pellet molding machine, and to accommodate dry mowing grass in the silo installed separately.   3. The dryer according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the pulverized cut grass is dried with hot air supplied from a hot air generating furnace, and the pulverized cut grass is adjusted to moisture necessary for pelletization by adjusting a residence time and temperature during drying. Method of cutting grass.   The processing method of the mowing grass in any one of Claim 1 thru | or 3 which carbonizes the pellet shape | molded by the said pellet shaping | molding process as a secondary process.   A shredder that shreds the cut grass, a grinder that shreds the shredded cut grass supplied from the shredder, and agitates and conveys the ground cut grass in a hot air atmosphere. It is formed by a dryer that is a dried grass that kills bacteria and seeds and a pellet molding machine that pellets the dried grass, and the dried grass is transported from the dryer to the pellet molding machine. Processing equipment for mowing grass that uses air transportation while cooling.   The dryer uses a screw conveyor that dries the pulverized cut grass with hot air supplied from a hot air generator, and the inside of the dryer is formed by alternately providing a feed zone with a screw and a stirring zone with a stirring blade. The processing apparatus of the mowing grass of 5.

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