KR100267499B1 - Method and apparatus for manufacturing forage using garbage - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A method and an apparatus for manufacturing feed by using food wastes are provided to serve high quality of completely disinfected feed promoting digestion and absorption rate of livestock and reducing offensive odors in a barn. CONSTITUTION: The apparatus includes a first sorting device(100), a grinder(200), a mixing tank(300), a high speed fermenting device(400), a second sorting device and a second storage tank(600). The feed is manufactured by the following steps of: (i) sorting comparatively large debris particles form food and organic wastes; (ii) grinding the sorted food and organic wastes into a fixed size; (iii) sterilizing the ground wastes and separating debris particles from the wastes by specific gravities before storing; (iv) fermenting the prepared food wastes with Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus salivarius or Lactobacillus plantarum, Enterococcus faecium or Enterococcus faecalis, Bifidobacterium pseudongum, Clostridium butyricum, and Bacillus subtilis or bacillus coagulaus and a heat source, water and a salt controlling agent such as wheat bran, rice bran, rice straw, saw dust, salt-free feed compound and residues of bean curd; and (v) secondarily sorting debris particles from the fermented feed by using an oscillating mesh screen or a rotary screen and aging and then third sorting the aged feed to separate left debris particles from the feed by using a strainer shaped trap.

Description

Feed manufacturing method and apparatus using food waste

The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for preparing feed using food waste, and more particularly, to a method and apparatus for preparing feed using food waste suitable for producing high quality feed by fermenting a fermentation strain useful for food waste or organic waste. .

In general, organic wastes such as food residues or residues, surplus, meat, processed foods, and livestock are used in landfills or used as feed for livestock.In case of landfills, severe odors are generated and at the same time high concentrations of leachate Causing secondary pollution.

In addition, when used as a feed for livestock, there was a problem that the harmful bacteria such as decay and decay bacteria, pathogens, and their metabolites are not completely processed by simple heating or fermentation.

An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, by embedding organic waste and causing a high concentration of leachate to prevent the occurrence of secondary environmental pollution, and at the same time food waste or organic waste Completely sterilizes and sterilizes harmful bacteria such as rot, decayed bacteria, pathogens, and their metabolites, so that they are not harmful to livestock, and mixed fermentation of useful fermented strains with heat sources, moisture and salt control agents. This provides the purpose of producing a good feed.

The present invention for achieving the above object is a primary screening process for sorting a relatively large foreign material mixed with food waste and organic waste in at least one of automatic and manual work, and food wastes selected by the first screening process And a crushing step of crushing or crushing the organic waste into a predetermined size, and sterilization storage step of separating and loading foreign matters by specific gravity separation method by ultraviolet sterilization and electrosterilization of the food waste crushed through the crushing step, and the sterilization storage step. In the food waste transferred to the high-speed fermenter, vitamins, bran, rice bran, rice straw, sawdust, salt-free formulated feed, soybeans, which produce hormones, growth promoting substances, are administered, and the amount of moisture and salt control agent and the supply time of heat source are selected. To selectively prepare wet and dry feed by fermentation And the fermentation process; Secondary sorting process for selecting the foreign matter contained in the feed produced by the fermentation process, and a maturation storage process for ripening and storing the feed is removed by the secondary screening process, and pump or transfer after the aging storage process And a tertiary sorting process for separating foreign matters with a strainer-type trap installed at the front end of the conveyor, and a feeding process for feeding the livestock with the foreign matter separated by the tertiary sorting process.

1 is a block diagram of a wet feed production apparatus according to the present invention

2 is a block diagram of a dry feed manufacturing apparatus in the present invention

3 is a perspective view of a conveying conveyor.

4 is a perspective view of a hammer type crusher.

5 is a diagram illustrating a first embodiment of a mixing tank.

6 is an exemplary view of a second embodiment of the mixing tank.

7 is a third exemplary embodiment of a mixing tank.

8 is a block diagram showing the ultraviolet and electrosterilization apparatus in FIG.

9 is a block diagram showing the ultraviolet and electrosterilization apparatus in FIG.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the ultraviolet and electrosterilization apparatus in FIG.

Figure 11a is a front view of the high speed fermenter.

Figure 11b is a side view of the high speed fermenter.

Figure 12 is a wet feed manufacturing process.

Figure 13 is a dry feed manufacturing process.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

100: primary separator 200: crusher

300: mixing tank 400: high speed fermenter

500: secondary separator 600: secondary storage tank

Hereinafter, a primary sorter (100) for screening a relatively large foreign matter mixed with food waste or organic waste as shown in Figure 1 in the feed manufacturing apparatus using food waste to achieve the object of the present invention; A crusher (200) for crushing or crushing the organic matter selected by the foreign matter through the primary separator (100) to a predetermined size; A mixing tank (300) for separating and storing foreign substances at the same time as ultraviolet sterilization and electrosterilization of the organic material crushed through the crusher (200); A high speed fermenter 400 for producing a wet or dry feed by supplying a predetermined useful fermentation strain, moisture and salt control agent, and a heat source to the organic material having passed through the mixing tank 300; A second sorter (500) for selecting the foreign matter contained in the feed produced by the high speed fermenter (400); After aging and storing the feed passed through the secondary separator 500 is configured as a secondary storage tank 600 for feeding livestock.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings, the operation and effect of the present invention will be described in detail. When food waste or organic waste is collected using a food collection vehicle, it is collected in a collection tank, and firstly, foreign substances such as glass bottles, metal sticks, and plastics contained therein should be sorted. Organic wastes such as residues, fish meal, meat, etc. According to the type of processed foods, etc., at least one of the automatic sorting device and the manual sorting work is selected and sorted. That is, the method most suitable for screening each substance is used.

In the case of automatic sorting, various apparatuses such as using a magnetic force or using a rack of a screen type may be used. In the case of food waste, sorting is performed manually using a conveyor belt (belt type conveyor). Of the sorting method, the process of first-order screening using the conveying conveyor will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

3 is a perspective view of the conveying conveyor, as shown therein, with a drive reduction gear and a chain drive sprocket 111; Driven sprocket 112; A driving roller 113; A carrier roller 114; An input chute unit 115; An outlet cover 116; A conveyor support 117; The drain tank 118 is comprised.

Referring to the operation, when food waste or organic waste is injected into the chute chute 115, the driving reducer and the chain driving sprocket 111 are driven to transmit the rotational force of the motor to the driven sprocket 112.

When the driven sprocket 112 is rotated, the driving roller 113 is interlocked and rotated. As a result, the belt is rotated and the food waste is transferred, and the food waste is transferred to the shredder 200 through the discharge cover 116. Is delivered). At this time, the conveying conveyor 100 is installed in a horizontal or slightly inclined depending on the installation place, mainly used to separate the foreign matter manually.

The organic material in which foreign matter is separated through the primary screening process is crushed or crushed to a predetermined size by using a crusher 200. The process of crushing by using a hammer type crusher 200 is attached. It demonstrates with reference to drawings.

4 is a perspective view of the hammer type crusher, and the driving motor 211 as shown therein; A belt 212; A shaft 213; Hammer 214; A wheel 215; Driven belt wheel 216; Inlet cover 217; Another attacker network 218; The striking plate 219 is configured.

Referring to the operation, the belt 212 is connected between the wheel 215 and the driven belt wheel 216 connected to the drive motor 211 to adjust the rotational force of the drive motor 211 to the belt (V-belt) 212. It transmits to the driven belt wheel (V-belt feel) 216 to rotate the driven belt wheel (216).

When the driven belt wheel 216 is rotated, the shaft 213 connected to the driven belt wheel 216 is rotated, so that the hammer 214 is rotated, thereby being introduced through the inlet cover 217 to the striking plate 219. Grind the organics and solids located below the desired size.

The pulverized product pulverized through the above process is discharged through the other attack grid 218, and adjusts the other attack grid 218 according to the specification of the discharge.

The crusher 200 changes the interior of the crusher 200 currently used to join the organic matter pulverization to serve as crushing and pulverization, to increase the rotation speed to 1500rpm-3600rpm to crush or pulverize to the required size . At this time, in the case of grinding, a wet mill type is used.

The organic material crushed or crushed through the crusher 200 is put into the mixing tank 300, which is the primary storage tank, and performs a sterilization storage process to achieve the separation of foreign matters by UV and electrosterilization and specific gravity difference. Various types of mixing tanks 300 may be used depending on the working environment.

In the present invention, three examples will be described.

The first embodiment includes a main body 311 of a reservoir as shown in FIG. A rotary valve 312 for discharging a high specific gravity material; A motor 313 for circulating internal storage material from bottom to top; An inspection manhole 314; Inlet nozzle 315; An upper discharge nozzle 316; An intermediate discharge jaw 317; A lower discharge nozzle 318; A lower outlet 319; An air hole 320; A screw conveyor 321 for circulating internal organic matter; Monitoring windows 322 and 323; An inclined portion scraper 324; The storage support 325 is comprised.

Referring to the operation, when the organic material discharged from the crusher 200 is introduced into the reservoir body 311 into which water is introduced at a predetermined level through the inlet nozzle 315, the motor 313 is driven to circulate the screw conveyor 321. Rotate Accordingly, the injected organic material is circulated from the lower part to the upper part, and the foreign matter is circulated while being separated by the inclined scratch scraper 324 attached to the inclined surface of the V-shaped hopper.

In this way, separation by specific gravity difference is possible. The separated high-density foreign matter is automatically discharged through the rotary valve 312, and the remaining organic matter is discharged from the upper discharge nozzle 316 or the middle discharge nozzle 317 or the lower discharge nozzle ( 318) through one of the discharge.

In this case, the upper discharge nozzle 316 or the intermediate discharge nozzle 317 or the lower discharge nozzle 318 may adjust the transfer amount.

If the washing of the present mixing tank 300, the washing water is discharged through the lower outlet 319 at the bottom.

At this time, the monitoring window 322 is to confirm the progress, the inspection man horn 314 is necessary for the internal inspection.

The second embodiment includes a reservoir main body 331 as shown in FIG. A scraper 332 scraped to remove high specific foreign matter in the reservoir; A manhole 333 for internal check of the reservoir; An injection nozzle 334; A high specific gravity foreign material removal nozzle 335; A scrubber 336 for scraping the precipitated high-density foreign matter into a center cone portion; An outlet 337 for transferring the stored stock well; A monitoring window 338; A level sensor 339; It consists of a salt-free feed inlet 340.

Referring to the operation, when the organic material from the crusher 200 is introduced into the storage tank body 331 through the nozzle 334 into which the organic matter is introduced, the scrubber 332 and the settled high specific weight foreign matter are scraped to remove the high specific weight foreign matter in the storage tank. Rotate the scrubber 336 to scrape to the lower center portion.

As a result, the foreign matter contained in the introduced rainwater is separated and discharged through the high-density foreign matter removal nozzle 335, and the remaining organic matter is discharged and transferred through the discharge port 337 for transferring the stored stock well.

At this time, the level sensor 339 is for checking the level of the material, the internal inspection manhole 333 is for internal inspection, the salt-free feed inlet 340 is for feeding the feed if necessary.

The third embodiment includes a drive motor 341 as shown in FIG. A drive sprocket 342; Driven sprocket 33; A ribbon screw 344; A discharge nozzle 345; A foreign matter collecting cone 346; Foreign substance discharge nozzle 347; Salt-free feed inlet 348; Injection nozzle 349; And check opening 350; A level sensor 351; An air hole 352; It consists of a conveying object inlet 353.

Referring to the operation, the driving motor 341 is driven to rotate the driving sprocket 342 and the driven sprocket 343. Accordingly, the ribbon screw 344 is rotated to stir the organic material introduced through the inlet nozzle 349 and to be transferred to one side.

Due to this foreign matter is accumulated in the foreign matter collecting cone 346, which is discharged through the foreign matter discharge nozzle (347).

On the other hand, each of the mixing tanks 300 shown in the first to third embodiments is first sterilized by first using an ultraviolet sterilizer (UV) to the organic material introduced from the crusher 200 as shown in Figs. Work

In addition, the rod (P) capable of supplying electricity in the mixing tank 300 is completely fixed at regular intervals, and then, the rod is connected to the rod and the reservoir body is connected to the reservoir to prevent death by the UV sterilization. Kill bacteria that aren't there.

In this case, the power supply source may be provided with a separate power supply device and may be connected to the rod P and the storage main body by wire, or may use a battery of an automobile.

The reason for configuring the three types of mixing tank 300 as described above is to be able to select and install the mixing tank 300 suitable for the user's environment.

In other words, when a small capacity device is desired, the mixing tank of the first embodiment is used, when a large capacity device is desired, the mixing tank of the second embodiment is used, and when the installation place is narrow or inconvenient, the mixing tank of the third embodiment is used. Use.

When the organic material from the crusher 200 is discharged through the mixing tank 300 for specific gravity separation and sterilization, the organic material is introduced into the high-speed fermenter 400 by the fermentation process and then fermented to produce a feed, high-speed fermenter 400. 10 shows a high speed fermenter main body 411 as shown in FIGS. 10A and 10B; Combustion chamber 412; Fermentation chamber 413; A viewport and an intake damper 414; A hot air generator (burner) 415; Refractory cement 416; An exhaust fan 417; Checker 418; A combustion chamber temperature sensor 419; An upper inlet 420; A circulation fan 421; A jet hood nozzle 422; An exhaust port 423; A side inlet 424; Side and bottom jackets 428; A lower outlet 429; A frame 430; A drive reducer 431; A drive sprocket 432; Driven sprocket 433; The side discharge port 434 is configured.

As described above, the main body of the fermenter (MAIN BODY) 411 is composed of a rectangular combustion chamber 412 and a fermentation chamber 413 for U-shaped fermentation agitation. The drive sprocket is connected to a double coaxial air arm type shaft by attaching a long ribbon screw 425 and a single ribbon screw 426 to a drive sprocket 432 attached to the drive reducer 431. (DRIVE SPROCKET) 433 is driven to rotate the internal shaft.

The burner 415 is used to generate a heat source up to 200-500 ° C., and the heat source is supplied to the combustion chamber 412 and the fermentation chamber 413 together with the far infrared rays, which can automatically control the temperature of the combustion chamber and the fermentation chamber. By attaching the combustion chamber temperature sensor 419 and the fermentation chamber temperature sensor 427 to automatically adjust the temperature of the combustion chamber to 200-450 ℃, the temperature of the fermentation chamber can be adjusted according to the characteristics of the feed production up to 40-90 ℃.

In addition, the burner 415 is attached to the combustion promoting device for complete combustion, the inside is a refractory (CASTABLE) treatment is not transmitted to the high temperature heat. In addition, a circulation fan 421 capable of circulating high temperature hot air is installed, and the high temperature hot air must be sprayed onto the surface of the organic material through a jet hood nozzle 422 to transfer heat. At this time, the spray angle should be ejected downward in the vertical direction and 30 °.

When the hot wind circulation and far infrared rays are supplied by the circulation fan 421 as described above, the fermentation temperature and the temperature of the product are simultaneously raised by the hot wind and the far infrared rays in the lower fermentation chamber.

And the exhaust gas is installed after the exhaust fan 417 that can be exhausted in a short time and exchange the high-temperature gas through the lower side of the dual structure and the lower jacket 428. At this time, the water vapor that evaporates from the inside is exhausted to the outside through the exhaust port (423).

In such a state, for example, when food waste is introduced from the mixing tank 300 through the upper inlet 420 or the side inlet 424, it is formed by the ribbon-shaped long ribbon screw 15 and the ribbon screw 16. It is stirred.

In this case, a useful fermentation strain and a predetermined amount of water and salt control agent is added and mixed, the amount of the moisture control agent is determined by which of the wet food and dry food to be prepared.

That is, in the case of manufacturing a wet feed, the amount of water and salt control agent is added to 10-15% of the total amount and the fermentation time is about 2 hours 30 minutes. However, in the case of manufacturing dry foods, the amount of moisture and salt control agent is added to 30-40% of the total amount and the fermentation time is 4 hours or more.

The operation method of the high speed fermenter 400 is configured to automatically operate by a temperature sensor and a timer, and is configured to allow continuous operation during continuous processing.

Useful fermentation strains used in fermentation in the above uses 10 kinds of mixed strains, these produce antibiotics in the metabolites, vitamins, bioactive substances, growth hormones and the like.

Therefore, the feed fermented using the fermentation strain can inhibit or kill the decaying or pathogenic harmful bacteria to prevent decay and decay, and because the hard substance is softened by the fermentation metabolic activity, digestion absorption rate of livestock Can also be improved.

On the other hand, if the input material is decayed, deteriorated, it is dried and transported to the compost or money molecules to be prepared to go through the maturation step.

As such, the feed fermented through the high speed fermenter 400 is transferred through a pump and stored in the secondary storage tank 600 as it is, or as shown in FIG. 2, to separate the unsuitable foreign matter into the feed through the secondary separator 500. After the secondary screening process is stored in the secondary storage tank (600).

The secondary separator 500 screens the foreign matter according to the size by using any one of a vibrating mesh screen and a rotary screen, and a screen by a mesh or a cross bar is installed on the top of the screen and fixes the screen. The connection between the frame and the fixed frame is connected by a compression spring and the solid material can be separated by vibration.

The feed passed through the secondary separator 500 or transferred by the transfer pump is subjected to a sperm storage process of aging and storing in the secondary storage tank 600, the secondary storage tank 600 is a mixed tank 300 described above The structure is the same as that of the first to third embodiments of the present invention.

That is, the upper part is composed of an inlet, an inspection port, a level sensor and an air hole, and the inside is composed of a stirring device and a transfer circulation device.

Therefore, when the feed fermented through the high speed fermenter 400 is input to the secondary storage tank 600, the high specific gravity foreign matter is separated by specific gravity separation.

The feed passed through the secondary storage tank 600 becomes a soft feed, which is once again separated from the foreign matter through the third separator, the third separator separates the trap of the strainer type in front of the pump or transfer conveyor 3rd sorting process to install and separate is performed.

The feed passed through the third sorter performs a feeding process for feeding the livestock using a liquid-grade facility, the residual amount is returned to the secondary storage tank (600).

On the other hand, in the case of manufacturing the dry feed in the high speed fermenter 400, as shown in Figure 2 after sorting the foreign matter through the secondary sorter 500, and stored in the secondary storage tank 600 and packing facilities To be used for packaging or to feed livestock using feeding facilities.

As described in detail above, the present invention completely sterilizes and sterilizes harmful substances such as rot, decayed bacteria, and pathogens contained in food waste or organic wastes and their metabolites, so as not to be harmful to livestock. Fermentation by mixing fermented fermented strains that produce antibiotics in metabolites with wastes or organic waste, heat sources, and moisture and salt control agents (wheat bran, rice bran, rice straw, sawdust, salt-free formulated feed, soybeans as a by-product after tofu production) It is possible to produce a high-quality feed killed by harmful bacteria, it is effective in digestion absorption when feeding livestock, it has the effect of reducing the odor of the barn.

Claims (3)

A primary screening process for sorting relatively large foreign substances mixed with food waste and organic waste by either automatic or manual work; A crushing step of crushing or pulverizing the food waste and organic waste in which foreign matters are selected by the primary screening process to a predetermined size; A sterilization storage process for sterilizing food wastes crushed through the crushing process to separate and store foreign matters in a specific gravity separation method; Useful strains-Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus salivarius, Lactobacillus plautarum, Lactobacillus (Euterococcus faecium, Euterococcus faecalis), Bifidobacterium pseudongum (Bifidobacterium pseudo) bacterium pseudo And salt control agents such as Crostidium butyricum, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus coagulaus A fermentation process for selectively preparing a wet feed and a dry feed by fermenting by selectively adjusting the input amount of the heat source and the supply time of the heat source; Secondary screening process for selecting the foreign matter contained in the feed produced by the fermentation process, Aging storage process for ripening and storing the feed material is removed by the secondary screening process, After the aging storage process, the food production method using a food waste, characterized in that it comprises a third sorting process for separating the foreign matter in the trap of the strainer form. The method of claim 1, When the wet feed is prepared, the amount of water and salt control agent is added to 10-15% of the total amount, and the fermentation time is about 2 hours and 30 minutes.In the case of dry feed, the amount of water and salt control agent is 30% of the total amount. Addition to -40% and the fermentation time feed production method using food waste, characterized in that more than 4 hours. The method of claim 1, Wherein the secondary screening process using a food waste, characterized in that to use any one of the vibrating mesh screen and rotary screen.