KR20030070247A - The preparation method of a semidried type fooder from the waste of food and drink utilizing microbes - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A method for preparing a semidried type fodder from food wastes using microorganisms is provided, thereby cheaply preparing the fodder without causing environmental pollution and producing a bad smell. CONSTITUTION: A method for preparing a semidried type fodder from food wastes using microorganisms comprises the steps of: passing food wastes through a sorting-crusher to remove vinyl plastic bags and impurities; separating small vinyl plastic particles, glass particles and metals by using magnetic and hand-working; washing the food wastes with water to remove salt content, and dewatering the food wastes to obtain the cake type one; indirectly heating the cake type food wastes using steam to obtain the food waste powder; mixing the food waste powder with Saccharomyces cerevisiae (HG304)(KCTC-8882P), Lactobacillus sp. (HG505)(KCTC-8881P) and Bacillus sp. (HG730)(KCTC-87877P); and fermenting the mixture thereof.

Description

The preparation method of a semidried type fooder from the waste of food and drink utilizing microbes}

The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing semi-dry feed of food waste using microorganisms, and more specifically, to remove plastic bags and sorting crushers (Sorting-Crusher) to remove plastic bags and medium and large foreign matters, And separating small pieces of vinyl, glass, and metals through sorting, etc., and washing the salts that cause poisoning by water used at the same time. To obtain a cake residue with a water content of 70-75%, and put it into a sterilization tank combined with an RDF (Refused Derived Fuel) incinerator equipped with a waste heat recovery boiler, thereby producing a high temperature generated by the heat generated during incineration of the RDF. Sterilization and drying by heating at 120 ~ 140 ℃ by indirect heating method using steam Obtained the food debris in the following, but transfer them as a fermentation reaction tank, Saccharomyces cerevisiae (HG304), Lactobacillus sp. (HG505), and Bacillus sp. (HG730) after injection of microorganisms by homogeneously mixed in a mixer fermentation tank consisting of The present invention relates to a method for preparing feed of food residues using microorganisms, characterized in that the feed is fermented at a temperature of 23-27 ° C for 20 to 48 hours.

In general, a large amount of food waste, which amounts to 25 to 35% of the total household waste, is generated in each household or restaurant, and such food residues contain excessive amounts of water, which may cause considerable cost and difficulty in treating them. In addition, when the organic matter of food waste is decomposed, bad odors are generated, and various pathogens grow natively and have a great effect on hygiene.

As a conventional food waste treatment method for solving the above problems, a method of incineration using a landfill method and an incinerator is widely applied.

However, when the food residues are landfilled, a large amount of leachate is inevitably generated, which not only contaminates the surrounding environment but also groundwater, and causes other economic problems in securing and establishing landfills.

In addition, when incineration of food waste requires a lot of energy due to the incineration of the nature of the wet waste, it takes a lot of expenses, and harmful effects on the human body due to the generation of toxic substances such as dioxin when mixing aromatic compounds Of course, there was a problem causing serious environmental pollution.

In addition, recently, a drying method for reducing the amount of food residue by forcibly drying the moisture in the food residue using a dryer, a method for recycling fertilizer or feed, and a method for extinguishing food residue using microorganisms, etc. It is proposed.

However, the drying method is causing secondary pollution problems due to the discharge of waste gas and waste water, which is harmful to the human body, and requires a large amount of water to be dried, which requires excessive costs, and recycles it as a fertilizer or feed and uses microorganisms. Therefore, in the method of extinguishing food waste, use is avoided due to severe odor generated when organic matter is decomposed, and its efficacy is not satisfactory, which is rarely used in actual use.

As a method of using food waste as feed, pure drying method, dry fermentation method, wet grinding method and wet fermentation method are proposed, but pure drying method and dry fermentation method require enormous energy costs for the drying process. As a result, the maintenance cost is increased, so that not only does not have economic efficiency as a feed, but also a result of the concentration of salts in food wastes through the drying process, which may cause fatal poisoning in the livestock.

The wet grinding method and the wet fermentation method are considered to be an effective method because they are economic treatment methods and are less likely to cause poisoning, but the shelf life of the prepared feed is very short and the shelf life is also very short. There is a disadvantage that can not be satisfied.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is not only to facilitate the processing of food waste, but also to reduce the cost by using recycled feed as well as to improve the economics, but to produce a semi-dry feed of food wastes predominantly using food microorganisms having microorganisms having excellent storage properties To provide a way.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide a semi-dry feed of food waste presiding using microorganisms prepared using the above-described method.

In order to achieve the above object as well as another object that can be easily expressed in the present invention, the collected food waste is passed through a sorting-crusher to remove the plastic bag and the medium-large foreign matter, and then the magnetic screening and After sorting small pieces of vinyl, glass fragments and metals through sorting, etc., washing the salts that cause poisoning by water used at the same time, taking out the size of 20mm or less, inputting it to the dehydrator, and dehydrating High temperature steam generated by the heat generated during incineration of RDF by obtaining the food residue in the form of cake with a water content of 70 to 75% and injecting it into a sterilization tank combined with an RDF (Refused Derived Fuel) incinerator with a waste heat recovery boiler. Sterilized and dried by heating at 120 ~ 140 ℃ by indirect heating method using After obtaining the water residue, it was transferred to a fermentation tank, which was then treated with Saccharomyces cerevisiae (HG304), Lactobacillus sp. (HG505) and Bacillus sp. After spraying the microorganism consisting of (HG730) homogeneously mixed in the mixer and transferred to the fermentation reaction tank, and then fermented for 20 to 48 hours at a temperature of 23 ~ 27 ℃ to produce a bad smell without causing environmental pollution In addition, the food waste can be easily processed at low cost, as well as economical effects can be obtained by preparing food using food waste.

The present invention is described in more detail as follows.

Semi-dry feed production method of food waste presiding using microorganism according to the present invention is passed through the sorting crusher (Sorting-Crusher) to remove the plastic bag and medium-large foreign matter, and then through the magnetic screening and sorting At the same time, it separates vinyl fragments, glass fragments, and metals, and washes the salt that is the cause of poisoning by water used. Then, it is taken out to a size of 20mm or less, put into a dehydrator, and dehydrated. In the form of indirect heating method using hot steam generated by the heat generated during incineration of RDF by injecting a food waste in the form of cake, and putting it into a sterilization tank combined with a RDF (Refused Derived Fuel) incinerator with a waste heat recovery boiler. Sterilize and dry by heating at 120 ~ 140 ℃ to obtain powdery food waste with water content of about 40%. , But transfer them to the fermentation reaction tank, Saccharomyces cerevisiae (HG304), Lactobacillus sp. (HG505) and Bacillus sp. After spraying the microorganism consisting of (HG730) is homogeneously mixed in the mixer and transported to the fermentation reaction tank, it is characterized by fermentation for 20 to 48 hours at a temperature of 23 ~ 27 ℃ to feed.

The microorganisms used in the present invention are aerobic or aerobic microorganisms that are easily separated from domestic soil, etc., and used as appropriately selected and combined in consideration of the properties of food waste and nutritional value as feeds.

Saccharomyces cerevisiae (HG304) is a yeast isolated from the soil of domestic grapes (Campbell) orchards and grapes produced from the orchards as a separation source. After taking the supernatant and diluting, the diluting solution was incubated in YPD agar medium to which streptomycin was added to obtain a single colony and purified by serial passivation. It contains some alcohol, which enhances the palatability of livestock for feed.

In addition, Lactobacillus sp. (HG505) is a traditional fermented food Kimchi and suckling infant feces separated as a separate source, sterile physiological saline is added to the separated source to make a homogeneous solution, and then allowed to stand and diluted with a supernatant, The dilution solution was obtained by pure separation by serial passage method by selecting a single colony while culturing in MRS agar medium. In the present invention, the organic matter contained in food waste is converted into lactic acid through fermentation to facilitate digestion and absorption of livestock. In addition, it activates the digestive system of livestock, which plays a role in inducing action.

And Bacillus sp. (HG730) is to separate various soils with the ability to produce extracellular degrading enzymes by using domestic soil and traditional fermented foods, Doenjang, Cheonggukjang, etc. as a separation source, and after adding sterile physiological saline to the separation source, After standing, the supernatant was taken, heated, sterilized, cooled, diluted, and the colony formed while culturing the diluted solution in a nutritious agar medium was obtained by pure separation by continuous passage method. By producing and secreting a large amount of extracellular enzymes to function to facilitate the digestion and absorption of organic matter contained in food waste.

In particular, Saccharomyces cerevisiae (HG304) culture medium 30 to 60% by weight, Lactobacillus sp. (HG505) culture medium 20-50% by weight and Bacillus sp. (HG730) 20 to 50% by weight of the culture mixture was most preferred in terms of the composition of the feed prepared.

In general, foreign matters included in food waste are vinyl, glass chips, metals, minerals, etc., and if such foreign matter is included in the feed, it is fatal to the livestock to be fed, so the selection process of the foreign matter contained in food waste is particularly important.

First, remove the plastic bags and medium and large foreign substances by sorting crusher collected foods from ordinary homes or restaurants, and then separate small pieces of vinyl, glass pieces and metals through magnetic screening and sorting. At the same time, after washing the salt which is the cause of salt poisoning by the water used, it is taken out to a size of 20mm or less, introduced into a dehydrator and dewatered to a cake state of about 70 to 75% of water content.

The food waste that passed through the dehydrator is put into the sterilization tank and indirect heating method using high temperature steam heated by the heat source generated during incineration of RDF to heat at 120 ~ 140 ℃ for more than 1 hour to sterilize and dry the propagated harmful microorganisms Obtain about 40% of powdered food waste.

Saccharomyces cerevisiae (HG304), Lactobacillus sp. Were cultured in a large amount during the transfer to the fermentation tank. (HG505) and Bacillus sp. After spraying the microorganism consisting of (HG730) homogeneously mixed in a mixer and transferred to the fermentation reaction tank, and then fermented for 20 to 48 hours at a temperature of 23 ~ 27 ℃ to feed the food wastes using the microorganism of the present invention Semi-dry feed was obtained.

As described above, in the present invention, Saccharomyces cerevisiae (HG304), Lactobacillus sp. (HG505) and Bacillus sp. Inoculate (HG730) and induce fermentation process by inoculated microorganisms, convert food wastes into feeds with nutritional value suitable for livestock, while proceeding with the fermentation process by adjusting the initial moisture content in the pretreatment process of food wastes Semi-dry fermentation and progression led to a significant reduction in the likelihood of salt poisoning, improved storage and shelf life, and reduced feed costs.

In addition, the enormous energy used for sterilization and drying in food residue feed can significantly reduce energy costs by incorporating RDF incineration.

Sorting crusher and dehydrator are used in the technical field to which the present invention belongs, the temperature and drying time in the dryer can be appropriately changed according to the properties and moisture content of the food waste is usually in the art Anyone who knows will be able to reason easily.

The fermentation tank is fermented at 23 ~ 27 ℃ for 20 ~ 48 hours to decompose and ferment food wastes by microorganisms and convert it into easily digestible and absorbed material, which contains appropriate nutrients and enhances palatability of livestock. You get

If the temperature of the fermentation tank is less than 23 ° C, the growth of microorganisms is insufficient and the feed is not easy or the feed time is excessively consumed. When the temperature exceeds 27 ° C, abnormal fermentation of food waste occurs or economical. There is a disadvantage, and if the fermentation time is less than 20 hours, the fermentation degree is weak enough that the feed is not made completely, if it exceeds 48 hours is not economical because there is no synergistic effect of the fermentation efficiency over time.

In addition to the feed additives commonly used in the feed prepared as described above, it is also possible to add a suitable amount of feed of a commonly used livestock.

The following examples further illustrate the invention but do not limit the scope of the invention.

Example 1 Isolation of Yeast

As a yeast isolated from the soil of domestic grapes (campbell) orchards and grapes produced from the orchards as a separation source, 100 ml of sterile saline solution is added to 10 g of the separation source, shaken, and made homogeneous by grinding. After standing at room temperature for 1 hour, 1 ml of the supernatant was diluted to 10-3 by the decimal dilution method, and the diluted solution was plated on YPD agar medium having the following composition to which 50 µg / ml of streptomycin was added, and then at 28 ° C. After culturing for 3 days, a single colony was selected and purely separated by serial passage to obtain yeast. The isolated yeast was identified as Saccharomyces cerevisiae (HG304), and the isolated yeast was deposited to Korea Gene Bank on March 30, 1998. (Accession No .: KCTC-8828P).

★ YPD Agar Badge

Yeast extract 1%

Peptone 2%

Glucose 2%

Example 2. Cultivation of Yeast

10 g of NH4Cl, 1.5 g of KH2PO4, 0.5 g of MgSO4, 0.5 g of KCl, and 10 mg of thiamine are dissolved in 1ι of water, and 200 g of molasses is added thereto, followed by sterilization to be used as a minimal medium. At this time, the pH is adjusted to 6.5 using NH4OH, and the air injection amount is injected through the sterilization filter at 2ι / min.

Inoculate 50 ml of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (HG304) culture medium incubated for 12 hours at 30 ° C. in advance, and then incubate at 30 ° C. for 8 hours. While analyzing the concentration of the carbon source in the incubator, the sterilized molasses and yeast extract solution is further incubated for 24 hours in a fed-batch culture in which the fermenter is incubated with the carbon source and the nitrogen source. After supplying the carbon source and the nitrogen source, the culture was finished for 2 hours under the same conditions and the fermenter was stopped. The culture was terminated and centrifuged in the culture medium to obtain about 100 g of cells.

Example 3. Isolation of Lactic Acid Producing Bacteria

Traditional fermented food Kimchi and suckling infant feces were separated as a separate source, and 100ml of sterilized physiological saline was added to 10g of the separating source, shaken and ground to make a homogeneous solution, and then allowed to stand at room temperature for 1 hour. Take 1 ml of the solution and dilute it to 10-3 by the decimal dilution method, spread the diluted solution on MRS agar medium having the following composition, and incubate the plated medium at 25 ° C for 1 week to select a single colony by continuous passage method. Lactic acid producing bacteria were obtained by pure separation, and Lactobacillus sp. (HG505) and was deposited with Korea Gene Bank on March 30, 1998 (Accession No .: KCTC-8881P).

★ YPD Agar Badge

Bacterium Proteases Peptone # 3 1%

Bakto Beef Extract 1%

Bacto East Extract 0.5%

Glucose 2%

Sorbitan monooleate 0.1%

Ammonium Citrate 0.2%

Sodium acetate 0.5%

Magnesium sulfate 0.01%

Manganese Sulfate 0.01%

Disodium phosphate 0.2%

Example 4 Cultivation of Lactic Acid Producing Bacteria

In order to cultivate the lactic acid-producing bacteria isolated in Example 3 in a large amount, peptone 10g, beef extract 10g, yeast extract 5g, glucose 20g, KH2PO4 0.5g, MgSO4 0.5g, KCl 0.5g in water 1ι, dissolved and sterilized Used. At this time, the pH is adjusted to 6.5 using NH4OH, and the air injection amount is injected through the sterilization filter at 1ι / min. Lactobacillus sp. Incubated for 12 hours at 30 ° C. in a minimum medium prepared. After inoculating 50 ml of (HG505) culture medium, the culture medium was incubated at 250 rpm for 48 hours at 30 ° C., and the cultured medium was centrifuged to obtain cells.

Example 5 Isolation of Bacillus

It is isolated from domestic soil and traditional fermented foods such as Doenjang and Cheonggukjang as separate sources, and has the ability to produce a variety of extracellular degrading enzymes. After standing for 1 hour, 1 ml of the supernatant was taken to a sterilized test tube, heated at 80 ° C. for 2 hours, sterilized, cooled to room temperature, diluted to 10-3 by decimal dilution method, and diluted solution was nutrient agar of the following composition. The colonies were formed by smearing the medium and incubating at 30 ° C. for 12 hours to obtain pure separation by serial passage method. The isolated bacterium was Bacillus sp. (HG730) and was deposited with Korea Gene Bank on March 30, 1998 (Accession No .: KCTC-8877P).

Example 6 Cultivation of Bacillus

In order to incubate the bacillus isolated in Example 5 in a large amount, 10 g of peptone, 5 g of yeast extract, 20 g of glucose, 0.5 g of KH2PO4, 0.5 g of MgSO4, 0.5 g of KCl were dissolved in 1ι of water, sterilized, and used as a medium. At this time, the pH is adjusted to 6.5 using NH4OH, and the air injection amount is injected through the sterilization filter at 1ι / min. Bacillus sp. Incubated for 12 hours at 30 ° C. in a minimum medium prepared. After inoculating 50 ml of (HG730) culture, it is incubated for 8 hours at 30 ℃ 400rpm. While analyzing the concentration of the carbon source in the incubator, the sterilized glucose solution and peptone solution are further incubated for 24 hours in a fed-batch culture in which the fermenter is incubated with the carbon source and the nitrogen source. After supplying the carbon source and the nitrogen source, the culture was finished for 2 hours under the same conditions and the fermenter was stopped to terminate the culture and centrifuged in the culture medium to obtain about 50 g of the cells.

Example 7. Foreign body sorting and dehydration process of food waste

After sorting food scraps collected from general homes or restaurants through sorting-crushers to remove plastic bags and medium and large foreign substances, separating small pieces of vinyl, pieces of glass and metals through magnetic screening and sorting. At the same time, after washing the salt, which is the cause of salt poisoning by the water used, it is taken out to a size of 20 mm or less, introduced into a dehydrator and dehydrated to obtain a cake state of about 70 to 75% of water content.

Example 8. Sterilization of Food Waste and Drying Process by RDF Incineration Heat

The food waste that passed through the dehydrator is put into the sterilization tank and incubated by heating at 120-140 ℃ for 1 hour or more by indirect heating method using hot steam heated by heat generated by incineration of RDF which can be used as a heat source made from waste vinyl. Sterilize and dry the harmful microorganisms to obtain powdery food waste with a water content of about 40%.

Example 9 Fermentation Process of Food Waste

Saccharomyces cerevisiae (HG304), Lactobacillus sp. Were cultured and mixed in a large amount during the transfer to the fermentation tank. (HG505) and Bacillus sp. After spraying the microorganism consisting of (HG730) homogeneously mixed in a mixer and transferred to the fermentation reaction tank, and then fermented for 20 to 48 hours at a temperature of 23 ~ 27 ℃ to feed the food waste subject using the microorganism of the present invention Semi-dry feed was obtained.

The results of analyzing the composition of the prepared feed are shown in Table 9.

Table 9. Results of Composition Analysis of Semi-Dried Fodder in Food Waste

As described above, in the present invention, the collected food waste is passed through a sorting-crusher to remove the plastic bag and the medium-large foreign matter, and the small vinyl fragments, glass fragments, and metals are separated through magnetic screening and screening. At the same time, after washing the salt which is the cause of salt poisoning by the water used, it is taken out to the size of 20mm or less, put into a dehydrator and dehydrated to obtain a cake residue with a water content of 70 to 75%. This is put into a sterilization tank combined with a RDF (Refused Derived Fuel) incinerator with a waste heat recovery boiler and heated at 120 to 140 ℃ by indirect heating using high temperature steam generated by the heat generated during incineration of RDF. subjected to drying to obtain powdery food debris in the water content of 40% and then, but transfer them as a fermentation reaction tank, Saccharomyces cerevi siae (HG304), Lactobacillus sp. (HG505) and Bacillus sp. After spraying the microorganism consisting of (HG730) homogeneously mixed in the mixer and transferred to the fermentation reaction tank, and then fermented for 20 to 48 hours at a temperature of 23 ~ 27 ℃ to produce odor without causing environmental pollution almost In addition to being able to easily handle food waste at low cost, it was possible to obtain economic effects by preparing food using food waste.

Claims (7)

The collected food scraps are sorted through a sorting-crusher to remove plastic bags and medium and large foreign substances, and then separated by small pieces of vinyl, glass, and metals through magnetic screening and sorting. After washing the salt which is the cause of salt poisoning caused by salt, take out the size of 20mm or less, put it into the dehydrator and dehydrated to obtain the food waste in the cake state. This was put into a sterilization tank and sterilized and dried by indirect heating using hot steam generated by RDF incineration to obtain powdery food waste, which was then transferred to a fermentation reaction tank, where Saccharomyces cerevisiae (HG304) (accession number: KCTC-8882P), Lactobacillus sp. (HG505) (Accession No .: KCTC-8881P) and Bacillus sp. (HG730) (Accession number: KCTC-8877P) After spraying the microorganism consisting of a homogeneous mixture in a mixer and transported to the fermentation reaction tank, and then fermentation, semi-dry feed production method of food waste presiding by using microorganisms characterized in that the fermentation. The method of claim 1, wherein the food residue in the cake state has a moisture content of 70 to 75%. The method of claim 1, wherein the water content of the powdered food waste is 40%. The method of claim 1, wherein the mixing ratio of the microorganism is 30 to 60% by weight of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (HG304) culture, Lactobacillus sp. (HG505) culture medium 20-50% by weight and Bacillus sp. (HG730) Semi-dry feed production method of food waste presiding using microorganisms, characterized in that the culture medium 20 to 50% by weight. The method of claim 1, wherein the fermentation is carried out for 20 to 48 hours at a temperature of 23 ~ 27 ° C semi-dry feed production method of the food residues using the microorganism. A semi-dry feed for food waste presiding using microorganisms prepared by the method of any one of claims 1 to 5. Method for sterilization and drying of food waste using hot steam or direct heating by heat obtained by RDF incineration in the method of manufacturing semi-dry feed of food waste according to claim 1