JP2003074062A - Slope face seeding and planting construction method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a slope face greening method causing no washout and falling-in of a soil dressing layer, and capable of constructing a greening slope face superior in water retentivity, and superior in growth of plants. SOLUTION: Support members 3 using a thinnings as a raw material are fixed in close contact with a surface of the ground 1 via anchor bolts 2 driven in the ground 1. After respectively laying massive bodies 7 of foaming glass between the ground 1 and the respective support members 3, a lath wire net 8 is stretched so as to cover the ground 1, the support members 3, and the massive bodies 7, and is fixed to the ground 1 by using locking pins 9. A base material 10 is sprayed toward the ground 1, and is hardened so as to cover the ground 1, the support members 3, the massive bodies 7, and the lath wire net 8 to form the soil dressing layer 11. At an elapsed time after completing work, plant seeds in the soil dressing layer 11 germinate, and the plants 13 grow outward to construct the greening slope face rich in green.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a technique for constructing a slope on which a plant can grow on an inclined surface of a mountainous area or an inclined surface of a newly constructed land.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Sloping ground such as a mountainous area or a newly constructed land is subjected to slope greening for the purpose of improving the landscape. In such slope surface greening work, conventionally, a construction method has been adopted in which auxiliary members for preventing sediment collapse, nets, and the like are fixed to the ground surface to form a soil layer on them. Also, various auxiliary members and nets used in such slope greening work have been developed.

As conventional slope greening techniques, there are those disclosed in, for example, JP-A-6-257157 and JP-A-9-119136.

In the slope greening method disclosed in JP-A-6-257157, a soil retaining stopper fixed to the construction surface is filled with mixed soil in a vegetation bag through which seedling roots can penetrate. Install, fix, and plant saplings in this vegetation bag to construct a green slope.

On the other hand, in the slope greening method disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 9-119136, a plurality of fences are connected and fixed on the slope to form a plurality of weirs, and above the weirs. Is covered with a net, and then a soil layer containing fertilizer, plant seeds, etc. is applied to form a rooting layer to construct a greening slope.

In addition, as another slope greening method, a plurality of mesh-like earth retaining stoppers are arranged on the slope, covered with a wire mesh or the like, and a plant seed or the like is mixed on the stopper. There is a method of constructing a green slope by forming a soil layer.

[0007]

[Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-25715
In the case of the slope greening method disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 7, the vegetation bag filled with mixed soil must be installed and fixed on each of a large number of soil retaining stoppers fixed to the construction surface. A large amount of labor and time are required for the filling work, the transportation work of the vegetation bag filled with the mixed soil, the installation work, etc., and the construction period is prolonged.

Since the slope greening method disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-119136 is to form a weir by connecting and fixing a large number of fence-like bodies, a connecting mechanism is provided for each fence-like body. It is necessary to provide it, and its structure is complicated and requires a lot of labor to manufacture. Moreover, since it is necessary to connect and fix the fences laterally to form a continuous weir, it is difficult to adopt it on a slope with many irregularities and undulations.

[0009] In addition, a plurality of mesh-like earth retaining stoppers are arranged on the slope, and the stopper is covered with a wire mesh or the like, and a soil layer in which plant seeds or the like are mixed is formed on these stoppers. In the case of the construction method, the mesh-like earth retaining stopper does not have water retention properties, so it cannot hold the water and nutrients required by the plant, and the growth condition of seedlings etc. deteriorates in regions with low rainfall. There is.

On the other hand, in the mountainous areas, a large amount of thinned wood is generated, and in the case of heavy rain, the thinned wood left on the slopes becomes driftwood and flows into the river, dams, reservoirs or downstream areas. It is a factor that causes disasters.

The present invention has been made with the intention of making effective use of such thinned wood, and the problem to be solved by the present invention is to prevent outflow or collapse of the soil layer. Another object of the present invention is to provide a slope revegetation method capable of constructing a revegetation slope with excellent water retention and good plant growth.

[0012]

Means for Solving the Problems The slope greening method of the present invention is a method of arranging a supporting member made of wood as a shelf or a staggered pattern on the ground, and continuously connecting the ground and the supporting member. It is characterized in that a lump of foamed glass having bubbles is laid and a soil layer covering the support member and the lump is formed. Here, arranging in a shelf shape means arranging the supporting members so as to form a continuous shelf in the lateral direction on the ground, and arranging in a staggered manner means that a plurality of supporting members are arranged vertically and horizontally on the ground. In a row of vertically adjacent support members, the support members and the spaces therebetween are alternately arranged in the upper and lower rows.

In the support member made of wood, the wood fibers have appropriate water absorption and water retention properties, and the lumps of foam glass have a large number of open cells, so that ground water, rainwater, etc. Is appropriately absorbed, since it has a function of permeating excess water, the support member is arranged in a shelf shape or a staggered shape on the ground, and a lump is laid between the ground and the support member. By forming the soil layer covering these, the soil layer is firmly fixed by the support member placed on the ground, so that the soil layer is prevented from flowing out and collapsed, and excellent water retention is exhibited. The water content necessary for plant growth and the nutrients contained in the water can be retained for a long period of time, and a green slope with good plant growth can be constructed.

Further, since the lumps of foamed glass have continuous bubbles from the outer circumference to the inside, they serve as a beneficial habitat for soil microorganisms in the soil layer, and the growth of plants is also promoted by these functions. Activated. Further, since the lumps are vitreous, they are chemically stable and do not elute or corrode harmful substances. Therefore, there is no risk of environmental pollution and the lumps have excellent durability.

Here, the support member can be manufactured by using general wood, but it is preferable that it is manufactured by using thinned wood, which allows thinning that has been left on the sloped surface of the mountain area. It is possible to effectively use the timber, and it is possible to prevent the harmful effects of the thinned timber from driftwood. In addition, the lumps can be manufactured from new glass materials, but can also be manufactured from discarded empty bottles and glass waste materials as raw materials, so effective use of glass resources is aimed and illegal glass waste materials can be produced. The dumping can be reduced and it can contribute to the protection of the natural environment.

The shape and size of the support member made of wood is not particularly limited, but in consideration of average construction conditions at the slope greening construction site, a diameter of 100 to 300 mm, Length 500-500
A log material (cylindrical body) of about 0 mm is suitable. Also, regarding the lump of foamed glass, the shape and size thereof are not particularly limited, but in consideration of the average construction conditions, an irregularly shaped body having an outer diameter of about 5 to 50 mm is preferable. When it is laid between the ground and the support member, it is desirable that the lumps can be laid so as to be in close contact with each other without any gap.

Further, in the slope greening method of the present invention, the support members made of wood are arranged on the ground in a shelf shape or in a staggered pattern, and foam having open cells is provided between the ground and the support members. A lump of glass is laid, a net is stretched so as to cover the support member and the lump, and a support layer that covers the support member, the lump, and the net is formed. To do.

Since a net-like body is stretched so as to cover the support member and foamed glass lumps arranged on the ground, and the soil layer is formed on these, the soil layer is more firmly fixed, Since the roots of the plant growing here grow so as to be entwined with the net-like body, the function of preventing the outflow and collapse of the soil layer and the dropout of the plant is further improved.

Here, the soil layer may be formed by spraying a base material containing foamed glass granules having open cells, compost, plant seeds, and an adhesive material onto the ground to cure the base material. it can. By spraying and hardening such a base material, the surface of the soil layer has an appropriate hardness that allows plants to grow, and the hardness is not only maintained for a long time after the completion of construction, but In the layer, due to the action of the adhesive material contained in the base material, foamed glass granules, compost, plant seeds, and the like are solidified together to form an aggregated structure. It is possible to construct a greening slope with excellent durability without erosion of the ground and scattering of the base material due to wind. Further, since this soil layer can maintain an appropriate water retention property even in the dry season, the plant does not die and a stable growth state can be secured.

In addition, since the base material forming the soil layer contains the foamed glass granules, gaps necessary for growing plant roots and shoots are secured inside the soil layer. After the construction is completed, the germinated plant seeds can grow from the surface of the soil layer to the outside while absorbing nutrients contained in compost, etc. . This granular material is made of foam glass having a large number of minute open cells, is relatively lightweight, has a function of appropriately absorbing groundwater, rainwater, etc., and has a function of allowing excess water to permeate. Even after a long period of time, the initial lightweightness is not lost, and the outflow or collapse of the soil layer can be prevented.

Further, since the foamed glass granules have continuous air bubbles from the outer periphery to the inner portion thereof, they serve as a beneficial habitat for soil microorganisms in the soil layer, and the activity of these plants also activates the growth state of the plant. To be done. Since these granules are glassy, they are chemically stable, and elution and corrosion of harmful substances do not occur, so there is no risk of environmental pollution and they have excellent durability. Since the foam glass granules can be manufactured not only from new glass materials, but also from discarded empty bottles and glass waste materials as raw materials,
It is possible to make effective use of resources and contribute to the protection of the resource environment.

As compost, fallen leaves, straw, dust,
A mixture of organic substances made by stacking and decaying wild grass is suitable, and it is a nutrient source when the plant seed contained in the soil layer grows, and also enhances fertilizing ability, water retention and air permeability. Since it has the effects of improving plant growth and promoting the activity of soil microorganisms, a good plant growth base can be formed. In this case, plant growth can be further promoted by adding various chemical fertilizers to the base material.

On the other hand, by arranging a supporting member made of wood as a material between the supporting members adjacent to each other in the vertical direction of the ground, a structure in which the supporting members are vertically and horizontally connected to each other is formed on the ground. Therefore, the retaining force of the soil layer can be enhanced, and the function of preventing the soil layer from flowing out or falling can be further improved.

Further, by providing the supporting member made of wood with a through hole having a water-passing function, it becomes possible to let rainwater or the like that has penetrated into the soil layer flow downward through the through-hole. Since the air permeability in the soil layer is also ensured, excess water in the soil layer can be efficiently discharged, the water content and air permeability suitable for plant growth can be maintained, and the outflow of the soil layer in rainy weather etc. can be prevented. be able to.

The size and number of the through holes and the positions where the through holes are provided are not particularly limited, but it is desirable to provide a plurality of through holes in a direction intersecting the longitudinal direction of the support member. It is desirable that the inner diameter is such that a constituent material of the soil layer such as a lump of foam glass or a granule of foam glass does not pass through.

[0026]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 is a process explanatory view of a slope greening method according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing a procedure for fixing a support member during the process of the slope greening method of FIG. FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing an arrangement state of the support members in the process of the slope greening method of FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the green slope formed by the slope greening method shown in FIG.

In the slope greening method of the present embodiment, first, as shown in FIG. 1 (a), anchor bolts 2 are driven at fixed intervals to fix the sloped ground 1 on which the green slope is to be constructed and fixed. , Via each anchor bolt 2,
A part of the side surface of the support member 3 made of a thinned material is brought into close contact with the surface of the ground 1 and fixed. In this case, as shown in FIG. 2, after the anchor bolt 2 fixed to the ground 1 is inserted into the bolt hole 4 previously opened in the support member 3, the support member 3 is locked on the surface of the ground 1. The support member 3 is fixed to the surface of the ground 1 in a close contact state by screwing the nut 5 onto the tip of the anchor bolt 2. In addition to the bolt holes 4, the support member 3 is provided with a plurality of through holes 6 having a water-passing function, so that the axial direction of the through holes 6 is supported so as to be substantially parallel to the surface of the ground 1. The member 3 is arranged.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, a plurality of support members 3 having an outer diameter of about 100 to 300 mm and a length of about 500 to 5000 mm are arranged on the surface of the ground 1 in a staggered manner. It is desirable to arrange them at intervals of about 0.5 to 3.0 m in the vertical and horizontal directions according to the strength of No. 1 and other construction conditions. After the arrangement and fixing of the support members 3 are completed, the foamed glass lumps 7 are laid between the ground 1 and the support members 3, respectively, and the state shown in FIG.
In this case, the lumps 7 of foamed glass may be laid between the ground 1 and the support member 3 in a state of being separated from each other, but the lumps 7 laid are air guns in the step of spraying the base material 10 described later. Net bag 15 made of flexible net material to avoid being blown away
It is desirable to dispose the lump 7 filled with the lump 7 between the ground 1 and the support member 3.

After the arrangement and fixing of the supporting member 3 and the laying of the foam glass lump 7 are completed, as shown in FIG. 1B, the lath wire net 8 is formed so as to cover the ground 1, the support member 3 and the lump 7. Is stretched and fixed to the ground 1 using the locking pin 9. Here, the lath wire mesh 8 is a diamond-shaped wire mesh made of galvanized iron wire, and has a mesh shape of parallelograms formed by entwining row lines bent in a mountain shape at a constant pitch. Is.

When the installation of the lath wire net 8 is completed, the
As shown in (c), the base material 1 is directed toward the ground 1 so as to cover the ground 1, the support member 3, the lumps 7, and the lath wire mesh 8.
The soil layer 11 is formed by spraying 0 and hardening. Since the base material 10 contains the foamed glass granules 12 having open cells, compost, plant seeds, adhesives, chemical fertilizers, etc., after the completion of the work, as shown in FIG. The plant seeds in the soil layer 11 germinate and the plants 13 grow toward the outside, so that the green slope 14 is constructed.

The supporting member 3 made of a thinned material has its wood fibers having an appropriate water absorption and water retention property, and the foam glass lumps 7 have a large number of open cells, so that the groundwater Since it has a function of appropriately absorbing rainwater and rainwater and transmitting excess water, the support members 3 are arranged in a staggered manner on the ground 1, and the lumps 7 are provided between the ground 1 and the support member 3.
By laying the soil and forming the soil layer 11 covering them, the soil layer 11 is firmly fixed by the support member 3 arranged on the ground 1, so that the soil layer 11 is prevented from flowing out and falling. In addition to exhibiting excellent water retentivity, it is possible to retain the water necessary for the growth of the plant 13 and the nutrients contained in the water for a long period of time, and to construct a greening slope 14 on which the plant 13 grows well. You can

Further, the ground 1, the supporting member 3 and the lump 7
Since the lath wire netting 8 is stretched so as to cover and the base material 10 is sprayed and hardened to form the soil layer 11, the soil layer 11 is extremely firmly fixed to the ground 1, Since the plant 13 growing in the soil layer 11 grows so as to be entwined with the lath wire mesh 8 and the lumps 7, it is possible to effectively prevent the outflow and collapse of the soil layer 11 and the dropping of the plant 13. In addition, if the construction conditions such as the slope of the ground 1 is gentle and the adhesion of the base material 10 to the ground 1 is strong,
It is also possible to form the soil layer 11 without the lath wire mesh 8.

Further, since the lumps 7 and granules 12 of the foamed glass have continuous bubbles from the outer circumference to the inside, they serve as useful homes for soil microorganisms in the soil layer 11 and function as these. Also activates the growth of plants. Further, since both the lumps 7 and the granules 12 are glassy, they are chemically stable, and no harmful substances, elution, corrosion, etc. are generated, so that there is no fear of environmental pollution and the durability is excellent. .

Further, in this embodiment, the soil layer 11 is
Since the base material 10 containing the granular material 12, compost, plant seeds, adhesive material, chemical fertilizer and the like is sprayed onto the ground 1 and cured, it is included in the base material 10 in the soil layer 11. Granules 1 with adhesive material
2. Compost, plant seeds and the like are solidified to form an aggregated structure, which can prevent erosion of the soil layer 11 due to rainfall or the like, and scattering of the base material 10 due to wind.

The compost contained in the base material 10 is
It is a mixture of organic substances made by stacking straw, dust, wild grass, etc., and rotting it. It serves as a nutrient supply source when the plant seeds contained in the soil layer 11 grow, and also enhances fertilizing power,
Since it has the effects of improving water retention and air permeability and promoting the activity of soil microorganisms, it can form a good plant growth base. Moreover, since the chemical fertilizer is added to the base material 10, the growth of the plant 13 can be further promoted.

The soil layer 11 is a granular body 1 of foam glass.
Since it contains 2, the plant 13 inside the soil layer 11
It is possible to secure the gaps necessary for the growth of roots and shoots, and after the completion of the construction, the germinated plant seeds smoothly transfer from the surface of the soil layer 11 to the outside while absorbing the nutrients contained in the compost. It is possible to grow and build a green slope 14 with abundant greenery. As described above, the granular body 12 is formed of foamed glass having a large number of minute open cells, is relatively lightweight, and has a function of appropriately absorbing groundwater, rainwater, and the like and transmitting excess water. Therefore, even after a long period of time has passed since the completion of construction, the initial lightweightness is not lost, and the outflow or collapse of the soil layer 11 can be prevented.

In this embodiment, since the support member 3 is made of thinned wood, it is possible to effectively use the thinned wood that has been left on the sloped surface of the mountain area. It is possible to prevent various harmful effects caused by driftwood. Since the material of the support member 3 is not limited to the thinned wood, it is possible to manufacture general wood or other waste wood as a material. In addition, a lump 7 of foam glass
The granules 12 and the granules 12 can be manufactured from a new glass material. However, in the present embodiment, since materials manufactured from discarded empty bottles, glass waste materials, etc. are used as raw materials, effective use of resources is achieved. This helps reduce illegal dumping of glass waste and contributes to the protection of the natural environment.

Further, since each support member 3 is provided with a plurality of through holes 6 having a water-passing function, rainwater and the like that have penetrated into the soil layer 11 can be discharged downward through the through holes 6. Since the air permeability in the soil layer 11 is also ensured, excess water in the soil layer 11 can be efficiently discharged, and the water content and air permeability suitable for growing the plants 13 can be maintained. The outflow of 11 can be prevented.

The size and number of the through holes 6 and the positions where the through holes 6 are provided are not particularly limited, but the supporting member 3
It is desirable to provide a plurality of holes so as to penetrate in a direction intersecting with the longitudinal direction of the glass. Is desirable. In addition, in this embodiment, the inner diameter of the through hole 6 is about 10 to 20 mm, and when 10 to 20 through holes are provided per 1 m of the length of the supporting member 3, the lumps 7 and the granular bodies 12 flow out. It was possible to secure excellent water permeability and air permeability without doing so.

Next, with reference to FIGS. 5, 6 and 7, another embodiment relating to the arrangement of the supporting members will be described. 5 to 7, parts having the same functions and effects as those of the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 1 to 4, and description thereof will be omitted.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, a plurality of support members 3 made of thinned wood are arranged on the ground 1 in a shelf shape, and a foamed glass having open cells between the ground 1 and the support members 3. The lumped bodies 7 are laid. Since the plurality of support members 3 are arranged so as to form a continuous shelf on the ground 1 in the lateral direction, the outflow and collapse of the soil layer (not shown) formed in the subsequent process is prevented. The function is excellent.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, a plurality of support members 3 made of thinned wood are arranged on the ground 1 in a shelf shape, and between the support members 3 vertically adjacent to the ground 1,
Similarly, a supporting member 3a made of a thinned material is arranged so as to form a right angle with the supporting member 3, and a lump 7 of foam glass having open cells is laid between the ground 1 and the supporting member 3. . By arranging the support members 3 and 3a in this manner, a grid-like structure in which the support members 3 and 3a are connected to each other in the vertical and horizontal directions is formed on the ground 1, so that the retaining force of the soil layer is increased, The function to prevent the outflow and collapse of the soil layer is further improved. The present embodiment is an appropriate construction method when the ground 1 is in a good condition, for example, when the ground 1 is gravel soil, and is excellent in that the construction is relatively simple.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, a plurality of supporting members 3 made of thinned wood are arranged on the ground 1 in a shelf shape, and between the supporting members 3 vertically adjacent to the ground 1,
Similarly, a support member 3b made of a thinned material is arranged obliquely, and a block 7 of foam glass having open cells is laid between the ground 1 and the support member 3. Support members 3, 3b
By arranging in this way, since the triangular lattice-shaped structure in which the support members 3 and 3b are connected to each other is formed on the ground 1, the retaining force of the soil layer is increased, and the outflow of the soil layer is prevented. The function of preventing collapse is further improved. This embodiment is a suitable construction method when the geology of the ground 1 is colluvial soil, or when it is earth and sand ground, etc., and although it takes some labor for construction, it is excellent in that it exerts an excellent ground reinforcement effect. There is.

[0044]

The present invention has the following effects.

(1) A support member made of wood is placed on the ground in a shelf shape or in a staggered manner, and a lump of foam glass having open cells is laid between the ground and the support member. By forming the soil layer that covers the support member and the lump, the soil layer does not flow out or collapse, the water retention is excellent, and the planting slope with good plant growth can be constructed.

(2) A support member made of wood is arranged on the ground in a shelf shape or a staggered pattern, and a lump of foam glass having open cells is laid between the ground and the support member. By stretching a net in a state of covering the support member and the lump, and further by forming a soil layer covering the support member, the lump and the net, excellent water retention, plant growth also In addition to being able to construct good green slopes, the function of preventing the outflow and collapse of the soil layer and the loss of plants will be further improved.

(3) When the above-mentioned soil layer is formed by spraying a base material containing granular particles of foamed glass having open cells, compost, plant seeds, and an adhesive material onto the ground to cure it, rainfall It is possible to construct a greening slope with excellent water retention and durability without causing erosion of the soil layer due to factors such as erosion of the base material due to wind, and more stable plant growth.

(4) By arranging a supporting member made of wood between the supporting members adjacent to each other in the vertical direction of the ground, a structure in which the supporting members are vertically and horizontally connected to each other is formed on the ground. Therefore, the retaining force of the soil layer can be enhanced, and the function of preventing the soil layer from flowing out or collapsing can be further improved.

(5) By providing through holes having a water-passing function in the support member made of wood as a raw material, it becomes possible to maintain the water content and the air permeability suitable for plant growth in the soil layer, and it is possible to maintain an appropriate amount. Since drainage can be secured, it is possible to prevent the outflow of the soil layer from the rain due to rain.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a process explanatory diagram of a slope greening method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a procedure for fixing a support member during a process of the slope greening method of FIG.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing a support member arrangement state during a step of the slope greening method of FIG. 1.

FIG. 4 is a vertical sectional view of a greening slope constructed by the slope greening method shown in FIG.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing another embodiment regarding a support member arrangement state.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing another embodiment regarding a support member arrangement state.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing another embodiment regarding a support member arrangement state.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ground 2 Anchor bolt 3, 3a, 3b, support member 4 bolt holes 5 nuts 6 through holes 7 Foamed glass lumps 8 Lath wire mesh 9 Locking pin 10 Base material 11 Soil layer 12 Foam glass granules 13 plants 14 Green slopes 15 mesh bag

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A support member made of wood material is arranged on the ground in a shelf shape or a staggered shape, and a lump of foam glass having open cells is laid between the ground and the support member. A slope greening method, which comprises forming a soil layer covering a support member and the lump. 2. A support member made of wood is arranged on the ground in a shelf shape or a zigzag shape, and a block of foamed glass having open cells is laid between the ground and the support member.
A slope revegetation method characterized in that a net-like body is stretched in a state of covering the support member and the lump, and further a soil layer is formed to cover the support member, the lump and the net-like body. 3. The soil layer is formed by spraying a base material containing foamed glass granules having open cells, compost, plant seeds, and an adhesive material onto the ground to cure the base material. Or the slope greening method described in 2. 4. The slope surface greening method according to claim 1, wherein a support member made of wood is arranged between the support members adjacent to each other in the vertical direction of the ground. 5. The slope greening method according to claim 1, wherein the supporting member is provided with a through hole having a water-passing function.