JP2007100344A - Method for grating crib work - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for grating crib works, which can suppress the erosion of a soil dressing material by enhancing the effect of retaining moisture and the soil dressing material, which reduces the influence of the vibration and impact of earthquakes etc. , and which enables the protection of a surface of a slope and the construction of a greening foundation. <P>SOLUTION: In this method for the grating crib works, a plurality of horizontal frames 110 are juxtaposed in the direction of the inclination of the slope 1 at predetermined intervals on the slope 1; a connecting material 2 is arranged between the horizontal frames 110 adjacent to each other in the direction of the inclination of the slope; and the horizontal frames 110 are connected together by means of the connecting material 2. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a frame method for greening and protecting a slope using a frame, and particularly to a frame method without using a vertical frame.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a spraying method frame method represented by a free frame method (registered trademark) generally has a configuration in which a vertical frame and a horizontal frame are in a lattice shape. However, since the vertical frame and the horizontal frame are made of concrete beams, it takes a lot of labor, hinders smooth construction, and places a burden on costs.

  In recent years, it can be seen that only the vertical frame is made of concrete beams, and the horizontal frame is connected with other members that can hold the guest soil material and greened (Patent Documents 1, 2, and 3).

  In addition, a construction method has been proposed in which a vertical frame independent pressure receiving structure combined with a lock bolt and a ground anchor is connected by a wire or the like to stabilize the slope (Patent Document 4).

Furthermore, a method of using only a vertical frame, applying tension to a wire or the like, increasing the fixing degree, and stabilizing the slope is proposed (Patent Document 5).
Japanese Patent No. 2952823 Patent 3180215 Japanese Patent No. 3318570 JP 2003-64689 A JP 2004-169539 A

  The methods described in these patent documents are slope stabilization methods mainly composed of vertical frames. Particularly, those described in Patent Documents 1, 2, and 3 can be expected to retain the guest soil material, but have a moisture retaining effect. Due to its weakness, greening sometimes failed. Moreover, since the speed of surface water cannot be suppressed, there was a possibility that the guest soil material was eroded or scoured.

  Moreover, although the thing of patent document 4 connects the pressure receiving structure of an independent anchor with a wire or steel materials, while aiming at a landscape improvement by making a pressure receiving structure small, the fixing degree of a pressure receiving structure is raised. However, it is limited to the pressure receiving structure of the anchor, and is different from the basic contents of this technology, which is a frame method using a frame.

  Moreover, the thing of patent document 5 is the construction method which raises the fixing degree of a vertical frame by applying tension to a flexible cable-shaped member between vertical frames, and requires a construction labor and a vertical work. Due to the construction method mainly composed of frames, greening may not be successful as in the case of Patent Documents 1, 2, and 3, and there is also a possibility that the guest soil material is eroded or scoured.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, improves the retention effect of moisture and guest soil material, can suppress the erosion of the guest soil material, and mitigates the effects of vibrations and shocks such as earthquakes. The purpose of this study is to propose a method of frame construction that enables surface protection and greening foundations.

  In order to solve the above problems and achieve the object, the present invention is configured as follows.

  In the invention according to claim 1, a plurality of horizontal frames are juxtaposed in the inclination direction of the slope at a predetermined interval with respect to the slope, and a connecting member is disposed between the lateral frames adjacent to the slope. The horizontal frame is connected to each other by the connecting material.

  The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that the horizontal frame is provided with drain holes, and the drain holes are arranged in a staggered manner between the horizontal frames adjacent to each other in the inclined direction. It is a legal framework method.

  The invention according to claim 3 is the method frame construction method according to claim 1, wherein the horizontal frame is divided and the divided frames are arranged in a staggered manner at a predetermined interval.

  The invention according to claim 4 is the frame method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the horizontal frame is fixed to the slope by a lock bolt.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the cross section of the horizontal frame is any one of a rectangular shape, a trapezoidal shape, and a semicircular shape. It is a legal framework method.

  The invention according to claim 6 is characterized in that the connecting material is a wire such as a reinforcing bar, a wire, a PC steel stranded wire, or the like, or any one of claims 1 to 5. It is a legal framework method.

  The invention according to claim 7 is the frame method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the connecting material is arranged in a bracing manner.

  The invention according to claim 8 is the frame method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the connecting material is a wire mesh.

  With the above configuration, the present invention has the following effects.

  The invention according to claim 1 is a method frame method mainly composed of a horizontal frame without a vertical frame, and since surface water is temporarily received by the horizontal frame, the flow rate of surface water is reduced, and moisture and The retention effect of soil material is improved, erosion (erosion) of customer soil material can be suppressed, and surface protection and greening foundation are possible. Further, by connecting the horizontal frames instead of the lattice frames with a connecting material, the influence of vibrations such as earthquakes and impacts can be alleviated. Moreover, since there is no vertical frame, the feeling of pressure immediately after construction is reduced, the landscape is improved, and the cost can be reduced by reducing the frame length.

  In the invention according to claim 2, the horizontal frame is provided with drain holes, and is arranged such that the drain holes are staggered between the horizontal frames adjacent to each other in the inclined direction. It is possible to spread rainwater and the like over the entire land and gradually drain excess water from the drainage holes in the horizontal frame.

In the third aspect of the invention, the horizontal frame is arranged in a staggered manner with the divided frames divided at predetermined intervals, so that the surface water and rainwater once received by the horizontal frame are spread over the entire land. It is possible to gradually drain water from a predetermined interval of the dividing frame.
In the invention described in claim 4, it can be used as a pressure receiving structure using a lock bolt in combination with the horizontal frame.

  In the invention according to claim 5, the cross section of the horizontal frame is any one of a rectangular shape, a trapezoidal shape, and a semicircular shape, and there is no intersection between the vertical frame and the horizontal frame, and the bar arrangement in the mold frame intersects. The mortar fillability is improved. In particular, by making the cross section of the horizontal frame trapezoidal, sunlight and moisture are easily supplied to the lower part of the horizontal frame, so that the vegetation environment can be improved. Moreover, the factor of tree bending and trunk damage is reduced, which is effective for vegetation environment. Moreover, since the surface width of a horizontal frame is narrow, a feeling of pressure is relieved and a landscape improves. In addition, when the cross section of the horizontal frame is trapezoidal, the stability of the formwork is improved during mortar spraying.

  In invention of Claim 6, a connection material is wires, such as a reinforcing bar, a wire, and a PC steel strand, and it can connect simply with a wire which has intensity | strength.

  In the invention according to claim 7, the influence of vibrations such as earthquakes and impacts can be more effectively mitigated by arranging the wires in the form of braces.

  In the invention according to the eighth aspect, the connecting material is a wire mesh, which is simply connected by the wire mesh, and the influence of vibrations such as earthquakes and impacts is alleviated.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the method of the present invention will be described. However, the embodiments of the present invention show the most preferable modes of the invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto.
[Embodiment 1]
1 to 5, FIG. 1 is a plan view showing the arrangement of the horizontal frame and the connecting material, FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing the arrangement of the horizontal frame and the connecting material, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG. 1.

  As shown in FIG. 3, assembling the horizontal frame 110, a plurality of the mold frames 101 are arranged on the slope 1 of the natural ground 140 in the horizontal direction at intervals along the inclined direction. The formwork 101 includes a pair of opposing wire meshes 101a, a pair of lower bars 101b, a pair of upper bars 101c, a pair of horizontal connecting bars 101d that connects the pair of wire nets 101a, and a pair of horizontal connecting bars 101d. It is composed of vertical connecting bars 101e.

  In the molds 101 juxtaposed in the inclined direction, a plurality of connecting members 2 whose ends are bent at right angles are installed between the upper bars 101c of the adjacent molds 101, and the upper bars 101c are connected to each other. Connect by 2. In addition to being hooked as shown in FIG. 3, the upper reinforcement 101c and the connecting member 2 may be welded or may be bound by a wire. It is also possible to connect at the lower muscle 101b.

  The formwork 101 shown in FIG. 3 is a method of placing concrete by spraying, but it may be a method of closing both side surfaces and the upper surface with plates, that is, various conventional construction methods can be used. Further, as the wire mesh 101a, a mold plate made of a perforated plate such as a crimp wire mesh, an expanded metal, or a punching metal is suitable.

  As the connecting material 2, a wire rod such as a reinforcing bar, a wire or a PC steel wire is used, but a surface-treated material such as rust prevention is desirable. In this connecting member 2, the wire rods are arranged in the form of braces. When the mold member 101 is assembled, the connecting member 2 made of these wires passes through a hole formed in the side surface of the mold member 101 and is adjacent to the inclined direction. Arranged between the molds 101. The number of stretched connecting members 2 is appropriately increased or decreased depending on the situation of the natural ground 140. Further, in this embodiment, the wire rods of the connecting member 2 are arranged in a bracing manner, but the angle at which the wire rods are bracing is appropriately set according to the situation of the natural ground 140.

  When the assembly of the mold 101 and the disposition of the connecting material 2 are completed, concrete is sprayed into the mold 101. In this embodiment, the mold 101 does not need to be disassembled, and a more rational horizontal frame 110 can be constructed.

  When the concrete is cured, the plurality of connecting members 2 and the plurality of horizontal frames 110 are integrally connected to each other, so that it is possible to obtain sufficient slope stability strength as a normal frame. Finally, as shown in FIG. 4, the greening construction is performed by filling the customer soil 120 between the horizontal frames 110 according to the situation.

  FIG. 5 is a view showing another example of the wire mesh formwork. FIG. 5A shows that the left and right wire meshes 102c are connected by upper and lower horizontal connecting bars 102d, and the upper and lower horizontal connecting bars 102d are connected by one vertical connection. It is connected by a line 102e. A lower line 102a is provided at the intersection of the lower horizontal connecting line 102d and the vertical connecting line 102e, and an upper line 102b is provided at the intersection of the upper horizontal connecting line 102d and the vertical connecting line 102e.

  FIG. 5B is similar to FIGS. 3 and 4 in that the upper and lower horizontal connecting bars 102d are connected by two vertical connecting bars 102e, but the lower horizontal connecting bar 102d is divided. It is a configuration.

  The present invention is a method of frame construction mainly composed of a horizontal frame 110 having no vertical frame. Since the surface water is temporarily received by the horizontal frame 110, the flow rate of the surface water is reduced and moisture and soil material are retained. The effect is improved, erosion (erosion) of guest soil materials can be suppressed, and surface protection and greening foundations are possible. In addition, by connecting the horizontal frames 110 arranged side by side in the inclined direction instead of the lattice frame with the connecting material 2, the effects of vibrations and shocks such as earthquakes are mitigated by the connecting material 2. Moreover, since the frame length is reduced instead of the lattice frame, the feeling of pressure immediately after construction is reduced, the landscape is improved, and the cost can be reduced.

  The connecting material 2 of this embodiment is a wire such as a reinforcing bar, a wire, or a PC steel strand, and can be easily connected by a wire having strength.

In addition, the cross section of the horizontal frame 110 is rectangular, but is not limited thereto, and may be trapezoidal or semicircular, and only the horizontal frame does not intersect the reinforcement in the mold, so filling with mortar Improves.
[Embodiment 2]
Hereinafter, as shown in FIGS. 6 to 10, the case where the lock bolt 130 is used in combination with the horizontal frame 110 will be described. 6 is a plan view showing the arrangement of the horizontal frame and the connecting material, FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing the arrangement of the horizontal frame and the connecting material, FIG. 8 is a process diagram of drilling from the drilling, and FIG. 9 is the grout material. FIG. 10 is a process diagram from the curing to the completion of construction.

  This embodiment is a method for constructing a self-drilling lock bolt 130 on the slope 1, and this rock bolt 130 is constructed in advance by constructing the horizontal frame 110 on the slope 1 of the natural ground 140 (see FIG. 8 (a)), the lock bolt 130 in which the punch 30 is set is inserted into the hole 110 a of the horizontal frame 110. In addition, in order to form the hole 110a in the horizontal frame 110, a cylindrical frame may be installed in advance at a position where the hole 110a is to be formed and the box 110a removed.

  The lock bolt 130 is made of a pipe-shaped hollow steel having a threaded portion on its peripheral surface, and the self-drilling lock bolt 130 has a bit 131 at the tip. The drilling machine 30 is operated and inserted to the predetermined depth by the bit 131 at the tip of the lock bolt 130, and is installed in the natural ground 140 (FIG. 8B).

The drilling machine 30 is removed from the lock bolt 130 (FIG. 8C), the grout material injection adapter 31 is connected to the head of the lock bolt 130, and the bit 131 is inserted from the inside of the lock bolt 130 through the injection adapter 31. After that, the necessary amount of the grout material 122 is injected into the inside and outside of the inside, and the inside of the rock bolt 130 and the perforation of the ground 140 are filled (FIG. 9D).
The grout material injection adapter 31 is removed from the head of the lock bolt 130, and the wire 154 having the grip 155 is inserted into the lock bolt 130 from the head to the tip before the grout material 122 is hardened (FIG. 9E). ).

  The grip 155 is brought into contact with the end portion of the head of the lock bolt 130, and the wire curing holder 165 is attached to the head of the lock bolt 130 (FIG. 9 (f)). The wire curing holder 165 is screwed onto the head of the lock bolt 130 and holds the grip 155 in contact with the end of the head of the lock bolt 130.

  With this wire curing holder 165 attached to the head of the lock bolt 130, the grout material 122 is cured and solidified (FIG. 10 (g)), and the wire curing holder 165 is removed, and the top of the horizontal frame 110 is removed. Then, a washer 167 and a washer 168 are inserted into the lock bolt 130, and a nut 169 is fastened to the head of the lock bolt 130 to introduce a predetermined tension to the lock bolt 130 (FIG. 10 (h)). The oil cap 210 is fastened and attached to the male screw of the washer 168 (FIG. 10 (i)), and the construction of the lock bolt 130 for transmitting the introduction force to the natural ground 140 is completed (FIG. 10 (j)).

  In this way, the horizontal frame 110 can be used as a pressure receiving structure by fixing the horizontal frame 110 to the ground surface 140 in a reinforcing manner with respect to the natural ground 140 by the lock bolt 130.

[Embodiment 3]
Hereinafter, as shown in FIGS. 11 to 13, a case will be described in which the horizontal frame 110 is divided, and the divided divided frames 110 b are arranged in a staggered manner at a predetermined interval. 11 is a plan view showing the arrangement of the horizontal frame and the connecting material, FIG. 12 is a view showing the state of excess water drainage, and FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view taken along line XIII-XIII in FIG.

  The third embodiment is configured in the same manner as the second embodiment, but the horizontal frame 110 is divided, and the divided divided frames 110b are arranged in a staggered manner at a predetermined interval W. As shown in the first and second embodiments, not only the continuous horizontal frame 110 but also in this third embodiment, the horizontal frame 110 is divided and arranged in a staggered manner, so that the surface water once received by the horizontal frame 110 and It is also possible to drain excess water such as rainwater gradually from the predetermined interval W.

  Further, in the third embodiment, as shown in FIG. 13, the cross section of the horizontal frame 110 is trapezoidal, and the cross section of the horizontal frame 110 is trapezoidal, so that sunlight to the lower side portion 110c of the horizontal frame is obtained. And water can be easily supplied, so the vegetation environment can be improved. Moreover, the factor of tree bending and trunk damage is reduced, which is effective for vegetation environment. Moreover, since the surface width of the horizontal frame 110 is narrow, a feeling of pressure is relieved and a landscape improves. In addition, when the cross section of the horizontal frame 110 is trapezoidal, the stability of the formwork is improved during mortar spraying.

  Further, the cross section of the horizontal frame 110 is not limited to a trapezoidal shape, and may be a rectangular shape or a semicircular shape as shown in FIG.

[Embodiment 4]
In the fourth embodiment, as shown in FIG. 15 or FIG. 16, the horizontal frame 110 is juxtaposed in the inclination direction of the slope 1 at a predetermined interval with respect to the slope 1 and the lateral frames adjacent to the slope direction are arranged. The connecting member 2 is arranged between the frames, and the horizontal frames are connected by the connecting member 2. In FIG. 15, the connecting member 2 is a wire mesh, and is simply connected by the wire mesh, and is not a lattice frame. And impacts are alleviated. Further, in FIG. 16, the connecting material 2 is a wire rod such as a reinforcing bar, a wire, or a PC steel strand. However, the wire rod is arranged in the vertical direction without being arranged in the form of a brace, and can be easily connected. In any case, it is of course possible to introduce the customer land avoiding the place where the connecting material 2 exists.

  The present invention relates to a method of frame construction that performs greening and slope protection using a method frame, and is particularly applicable to a method frame method that does not use a vertical frame, and improves the retention effect of moisture and soil material. Erosion can be suppressed, and the effects of vibrations and shocks such as earthquakes can be mitigated, enabling slope protection and greening foundations.

It is a top view which shows arrangement | positioning with a horizontal frame and a connection material. It is sectional drawing which shows arrangement | positioning with a horizontal frame and a connection material. It is sectional drawing which shows the assembly state of a formwork. FIG. 1 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV. It is a figure which shows other embodiment of a formwork. It is a top view which shows arrangement | positioning with a horizontal frame and a connection material. It is sectional drawing which shows arrangement | positioning with a horizontal frame and a connection material. It is a process figure of the end of drilling from drilling. It is process drawing of attachment of the holder for wire curing from grout material injection | pouring. It is a process figure of construction completion from curing. It is a top view which shows arrangement | positioning with a horizontal frame and a connection material. It is a figure which shows the drainage condition of surplus water. It is sectional drawing which follows the XIII-XIII line | wire of FIG. It is sectional drawing of a horizontal frame. It is a top view which shows arrangement | positioning with a horizontal frame and a connection material. It is a top view which shows arrangement | positioning with a horizontal frame and a connection material.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Slope 2 Connecting material 101 Formwork 101a Wire net 101b Lower reinforcement 101c Upper reinforcement 130 Rock bolt 140 Ground

Claims (8)

A plurality of horizontal frames with respect to the slope are juxtaposed in the inclination direction of the slope at a predetermined interval,
A connecting material is arranged between the horizontal frames adjacent to each other in the inclined direction,
The horizontal frame is connected to each other by the connecting material.   The frame method according to claim 1, wherein the horizontal frame is provided with a drain hole, and the drain holes are arranged in a staggered manner between the horizontal frames adjacent to each other in the inclined direction. The frame method according to claim 1, wherein the horizontal frame is divided and the divided frames are arranged in a staggered manner at a predetermined interval.   The method according to claim 1, wherein the horizontal frame is fixed to the slope by a lock bolt.   5. The method frame construction method according to claim 1, wherein a cross section of the horizontal frame is any one of a rectangular shape, a trapezoidal shape, and a semicircular shape.   6. The frame method according to claim 1, wherein the connecting material is a wire such as a reinforcing bar, a wire, or a PC steel wire.   The frame method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the connecting material is arranged such that the wire rods are brazed.   The frame method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the connecting material is a wire mesh.