CN117431897A - Adjustable biological material slope protection structure based on sludge classification utilization and construction method - Google Patents
Adjustable biological material slope protection structure based on sludge classification utilization and construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN117431897A CN117431897A CN202311381650.0A CN202311381650A CN117431897A CN 117431897 A CN117431897 A CN 117431897A CN 202311381650 A CN202311381650 A CN 202311381650A CN 117431897 A CN117431897 A CN 117431897A
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/121—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/14—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening with addition of chemical agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P3/00—Preparation of elements or inorganic compounds except carbon dioxide
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
- E02B3/122—Flexible prefabricated covering elements, e.g. mats, strips
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
- E02B3/128—Coherent linings made on the spot, e.g. cast in situ, extruded on the spot
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
- E02D5/76—Anchorings for bulkheads or sections thereof in as much as specially adapted therefor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F3/00—Sewer pipe-line systems
- E03F3/04—Pipes or fittings specially adapted to sewers
- E03F3/046—Open sewage channels
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12R—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES C12C - C12Q, RELATING TO MICROORGANISMS
- C12R2001/00—Microorganisms ; Processes using microorganisms
- C12R2001/01—Bacteria or Actinomycetales ; using bacteria or Actinomycetales
- C12R2001/07—Bacillus
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an adjustable biological material slope protection structure based on sludge classification utilization and a construction method thereof, which rely on an online dehydration process of sludge to classify sludge in different physical states, fully utilize the specificity of the sludge, respectively adopt a specific process and a system to carry out resource utilization to form the adjustable biological material slope protection structure, and comprise a slope body, a water interception ditch, a water guide ditch, a biological material layer, a small conduit and a bottom foundation, wherein the biological material layer is sequentially provided with an anti-scouring layer, a biological regulation soil layer and a reverse filtering layer from top to bottom; the method has the advantages of good soil uniformity, high intensity regulation and control precision, strong slope stability, low water and soil loss rate and the like at each layer, can realize the full disposal of the sludge, saves a large amount of sludge outward transportation and disposal cost, and reduces the engineering cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of comprehensive utilization of solid wastes and river and lake hydraulic engineering, in particular to an ecological slope protection structure and a construction method thereof for classifying and utilizing sludge.
Background
Excessive accumulation of bottom mud can influence river water storage, flood control and drainage, dredging is an important work for improvement of the living environment, can deepen and widen the river, clear river water, obviously improves the production condition and living environment of people, and has important significance for promoting ecological civilization construction of water, returning water to the people and improving the ecological landscape environment of cities. Along with the promotion of comprehensive river channel remediation engineering and the increase of ecological dredging engineering of lakes and reservoirs, a large amount of dredging sludge is generated each year, and the 'reduction, stabilization, harmlessness and recycling' treatment of the sludge is critical.
The traditional protection of river bank slopes generally adopts protection modes such as vegetation, concrete, paving and the like. The vegetation protection is easy to form a large number of erosion ditches at the early stage of vegetation production and when rooting is not deep, so that the vegetation falls off; the concrete protection belongs to hard shore protection, has higher manufacturing cost and can influence the natural state and self-repairing capability of a river ecological system; the effective period of paving protection is short, the upstream surface is easy to wash, the protection function is poor, and the slope instability is increased. Therefore, the exploration of a slope protection technology with low cost and both protection function and ecological function is a problem to be solved urgently at present.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the existing ecological slope protection technology, the invention provides the adjustable biological material slope protection structure based on the classified utilization of the sludge and the construction method, which can realize the in-situ recycling of the sludge of different types, form the slope protection structure with the advantages of scour resistance on the surface layer, adjustable performance and good ecological characteristics, have the advantages of convenient construction, low cost and environmental friendliness, and realize the new breakthrough of the combination of the in-situ recycling of the sludge and the ecological slope protection.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an adjustable biological material slope protection structure based on sludge classification utilization comprises a slope body, a water interception ditch, a water guide ditch, a biological material layer, a small conduit and a bottom foundation;
the intercepting ditch is arranged at the slope top of the slope body and is built along the trend of the slope body;
the water guide ditch is arranged on the slope surface and extends from the top of the side slope body to the bottom of the side slope body;
the biological material layer is arranged on the inclined plane along the side slope body and comprises an anti-scouring layer, a biological regulation soil layer and a reverse filtering layer which are sequentially arranged from outside to inside;
the small guide pipes are distributed on the slope body slope, one end of each small guide pipe penetrates through the biological material layer and is fixed with the slope body slope, and the other end of each small guide pipe is exposed on the surface of the biological material layer; a plurality of pulp discharging holes are distributed on the small guide pipe;
the bottom foundation is arranged at the bottom of the slope body and is built along the trend of the slope body.
As a further preferred embodiment, the top of the water guide channel is connected to the water interception channel.
As a further preferable scheme, a plurality of small ducts form a hexagonal combination, a plurality of hexagonal combinations are arranged on the slope body inclined plane, a small duct is arranged at the center and each corner of the hexagon, the distance between the small duct at the center and each small duct at the periphery is the same, and the distance between two adjacent small ducts at the periphery is the same.
A construction method of a controllable biological material slope protection structure based on sludge classification utilization, the construction material of the controllable biological material slope protection is based on sludge in a sludge pretreatment system, and the sludge pretreatment system comprises: the system comprises a sand setting tank, a flocculation concentration tank, a sludge dewatering device, a sludge cake storage yard and sludge generated in a transmission facility;
the construction method comprises the following steps:
step one: pretreating high-water-content sludge, and allowing the sludge to enter a grit chamber through a transmission facility to be precipitated to form a type of sludge, wherein the total amount of the sludge is 1/4 of that of the sludge; the residual sludge enters a flocculation concentration tank for further sludge-water separation to form second-class sludge, and the total amount is utilized by 1/4; the residual sludge enters sludge dewatering equipment to be deeply dewatered and then is placed in a sludge cake storage yard to form three types of sludge, and the total amount is utilized by 1/2;
step two: cleaning a side slope body, excavating and constructing a water interception ditch on the top of the side slope body, and paving a reverse filtering layer on the inclined surface of the side slope body;
step three: taking second-class sludge, and pumping and pouring to form a bottom foundation after the second-class sludge is treated by a second-class sludge treatment and utilization system;
step four: three types of silt are taken and are treated by the three types of silt treatment and utilization systems and then are paved on the reverse filtering layer to form a biological regulation and control soil layer;
step five: taking one kind of sludge, and spraying the sludge on the slope surface after the sludge is treated by the sludge treatment and utilization system to form an anti-scouring layer;
step six: pumping small guide pipes into the slope of the slope body, injecting bacillus liquid and cementing liquid step by step, and mineralizing by multiple rounds of organisms;
step seven: building a water guide ditch on the slope surface of the side slope;
step eight: and (5) slope maintenance and quality inspection.
As a further preferable mode, in the third step, when the second kind of sludge is treated by the system, the method specifically comprises: uniformly mixing the second-class sludge and the fluid sludge curing agent through a forced mixer through a transportation pipeline to prepare fluid curing soil, controlling the flow value of the fluid curing soil to be 20-35 cm, installing a pouring template according to the design size, pumping the fluid curing soil into the pouring template by adopting a filling pump, and curing for a certain time to form a bottom foundation; the water content of the second-class sludge is 1.3-1.8 times of the liquid limit interval.
As a further preferable mode, in the fourth step, when the sludge is treated by the three types of sludge treatment and utilization systems, the method specifically comprises: the three types of sludge are conveyed into a crusher by adopting a mud cake conveying device, plant urease solution is gradually added in the mud cake crushing process, and when the maximum particle size is smaller than 5cm, the sludge is uniformly paved on a reverse filtering layer by utilizing a feeding device, and then the sludge is compacted by utilizing a compacting device; the water content of the three types of sludge is in a liquid limit range of 0.5-1.3 times, the plant urease solution is Canavalia urease or soybean urease, and the concentration of the solution is controlled to be 20-100 g/L.
As a further preferable mode, in the fifth step, when the sludge is treated by the system, the method specifically comprises: pumping a plunger pump to pump a type of sludge, conveying the sludge to a substrate stirring box through a conveying pipeline, adding a biopolymer, a water-absorbent resin, plant seeds and a fertilizer, fully and uniformly stirring the mixture to prepare a spray-seeding substrate, and uniformly spraying the substrate to a slope by adopting a wet sprayer; the water content of the sludge is 1.8-2 times of the liquid limit interval; the substrate comprises 140-160 parts by mass of dry soil converted from sludge, 1-3 parts by mass of biopolymer, 2-3 parts by mass of water-absorbent resin, 0.1-0.2 part by mass of plant seeds and 0.1-0.2 part by mass of fertilizer, wherein the biopolymer consists of one or more of xanthan gum, guar gum and gellan gum.
As a further preferable mode, in the step six, the Bacillus subtilis liquid, OD 600 0.5 to 5; the cementing liquid comprises urea and calcium chloride solution with the concentration of 0.5-1.5 mol/L; the multi-round biological mineralization is to firstly inject the bacillus liquid, then inject the cementing liquid 2 hours after the injection is finished to form 1 round of mineralization, and repeat the grouting scheme after 24 hours to form 2 rounds of mineralization, and the like to form multi-round mineralization, and the multi-round mineralization is accurately regulated and controlled to a designed intensity value according to the actual condition of the site.
As a further preferable scheme, the small conduit is a rigid hollow pipe, the front end of the small conduit is provided with a conical head, the inner diameter of the small conduit is 1-3 cm, and slurry discharging holes with the aperture of 0.2-1 cm are arranged on the whole body.
As a further preferable mode, in the biological material layer, the thickness of the scour prevention layer is 5-8 cm; the thickness of the biological regulation soil layer is 20-80 cm.
Advantageous effects
1. According to the invention, sludge in different physical states in the sludge sedimentation, reduction concentration and mechanical dehydration processes is classified according to the sludge on-line dehydration process, the specificities of the different states are fully utilized, and the sludge is respectively and resource-utilized by adopting a specific process and a specific system, so that the full treatment of the sludge is realized, and a large amount of sludge outward transportation and disposal cost is saved; and uninterrupted continuous operation can be realized, and the disposal and construction efficiency is improved.
2. The biological material layer in the invention can be used as nucleation sites to target and stimulate plant urease to induce calcium carbonate precipitation, promote calcium carbonate generation, shorten single-round mineralization time of sludge, optimize internal crystal structure and increase shearing strength.
3. According to the invention, plant urease and dehydrated mud cake are mixed in advance, bacterial liquid and cementing liquid are injected in steps, so that multi-round biomineralization is formed, the obtained solidified body is more uniform, and the strength grade can be accurately regulated and controlled through physical and mechanical index monitoring in the later period.
4. The biological polymer can wrap and bond the silt particles, provide a growth space for vegetation by reducing water and soil loss and seed shedding, reduce the evaporation of water in the biological material layer after the seed germinates, promote the growth of the vegetation, and form a vegetation and solidified soil synergistic protective layer.
5. The small guide pipe can be used as a grouting channel for multiple biomineralization and also can be used as a reinforced material in soil, and the stability of the slope is further improved under the action similar to an anchor rod; in the plant growth stage, the water supplementing device can be used as a water supplementing device to replace an irrigation system which is originally required to be arranged, and the engineering cost is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a construction method of a slope protection structure of an adjustable biological material based on sludge classification and utilization;
FIG. 2 is a three-dimensional view of a slope protection structure of the regulatable biological material according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a front view of the slope protection structure of the regulatable biological material according to the invention;
FIG. 4 is a three-dimensional view of a small catheter according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a diagram of a "hexagonal" arrangement of small ducts according to the present invention.
1-a sludge pretreatment system; 2-a sludge treatment and utilization system; 3-a second-class sludge treatment and utilization system; 4-three types of sludge treatment and utilization systems; 5-a controllable biological material slope protection structure; 101-a sand setting tank; 102-flocculation concentration tank; 103-sludge dewatering equipment; 104-mud cake storage yard; 105-a transmission facility; 201-a plunger pump; 202-a transport pipeline; 203-a substrate stirring tank; 204-wet ejector; 301-a transport pipeline; 302-forced mixer; 303-a filling pump; 304-pouring a template; 401-mud cake transporting device; 402-a crusher; 403-feeding means; 404-compacting means; 501-a slope body; 502-intercepting ditches; 503-water guide ditch; 504-a layer of biomaterial; 505—small catheter; 506-bottom foundation; 504 a-an anti-scour layer; 504 b-biological control soil layer; 504 c-reverse filtration layer.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments.
Building materials based on silt classification utilization as adjustable biological material bank protection include: the system comprises a sludge pretreatment system 1, a first-class sludge treatment and utilization system 2, a second-class sludge treatment and utilization system 3, a third-class sludge treatment and utilization system 4 and an adjustable biological material slope protection structure 5;
the process of the sludge pretreatment system 1 comprises: a grit chamber 101, a flocculation concentration tank 102, a sludge dewatering device 103, a mud cake storage yard 104 and a transmission facility 105;
the process of the sludge treatment and utilization system 2 comprises the following steps: plunger pump 201, transport pipe 202, substrate stirring tank 203, wet sprayer 204;
the process of the second-class sludge treatment and utilization system 3 comprises the following steps: a transport pipe 301, a forced mixer 302, a filling pump 303, and a casting die 304;
the three types of sludge treatment and utilization systems 4 comprise the following processes: a mud cake transport device 401, a crusher 402, a feeding device 403, and a compacting device 404.
The regulatable biological material slope protection structure 5 comprises: a side slope body 501, a water intercepting ditch 502, a water guide ditch 503, a biological material layer 504, a small conduit 505 and a bottom foundation 506; the intercepting ditch 502 is arranged at the slope top of the slope body 501 and is built along the trend of the slope body 501; the water guide channel 503 is arranged on the slope, is built from the top to the bottom of the slope, and the top is connected with the water interception channel 502; the biological material layer 504 is arranged on the inclined surface of the slope body 501 and comprises an anti-scouring layer 504a, a biological control soil layer 504b and a reverse filtering layer 504c which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; the small guide pipes 505 are arranged on the slope inclined plane in a hexagonal shape, one ends of the small guide pipes penetrate through the biological material layer 504 and are fixed with the slope of the slope body 501, and the other ends of the small guide pipes are exposed on the surface of the biological material layer 504; the bottom foundation 506 is arranged at the bottom of the slope body 501 and is built along the trend of the slope body.
The construction method of the adjustable biological material slope protection structure based on sludge classification utilization comprises the following embodiments.
Embodiment one:
and 3, dredging a river channel in Xuzhou, wherein the property of the sediment is silt, dredging the sediment in a hydraulic flushing mode, and discharging the side slope of the river channel by adopting a ratio of 1:1.5. The adjustable biological material slope protection structure based on sludge classification and utilization, referring to fig. 1, comprises: the system comprises a sludge pretreatment system, a first-class sludge treatment and utilization system, a second-class sludge treatment and utilization system, a third-class sludge treatment and utilization system and an adjustable biological material slope protection structure; the sludge pretreatment system comprises: the device comprises a sand setting tank, a flocculation concentration tank, a silt dehydration device, a mud cake storage yard and a transmission facility; one type of sludge treatment and utilization system includes: plunger pump, transportation pipeline, substrate agitator tank, wet-type sprayer; the second-class sludge treatment and utilization system comprises: a transportation pipeline, a forced mixer, a filling pump and a pouring template; the three types of sludge treatment and utilization systems comprise: the device comprises a mud cake conveying device, a crusher, a feeding device and a compacting device; regulatable biological material slope protection structure, referring to fig. 2 and 3, comprising: the side slope comprises a side slope body, a water intercepting ditch, a water guide ditch, a biological material layer, a small guide pipe and a bottom foundation; the intercepting ditch is arranged at the slope top of the slope body and is built along the trend of the slope body; the water guide ditch is arranged on the slope of the slope, is built from the top to the bottom of the slope, and is connected with the water interception ditch; the biological material layer is arranged on the slope of the slope body and comprises an anti-scouring layer, a biological regulation and control soil layer and a reverse filtering layer which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom; the small guide pipe is arranged on the slope inclined plane in a plum blossom shape, one end of the small guide pipe penetrates through the biological material layer to be fixed with the slope body inclined plane, and the other end of the small guide pipe is exposed on the surface of the biological material layer; the bottom foundation is arranged at the bottom of the slope body and is built along the trend of the slope body;
referring to fig. 1, the construction method of the controllable biological material slope protection structure based on sludge classification and utilization comprises the following steps:
step one: adopting a hydraulic flushing mode to dredge sediment, wherein the water content is up to 180%, the sediment is in a slurry state, the high-water-content mud is conveyed to a mud pretreatment system through a transmission facility such as a mud pump, firstly, the sediment reaches a sand setting tank for sedimentation to form primary mud-water separation, supernatant is discharged after the sedimentation is stable, the bottom remainder is one kind of mud, the water content is 120% (about 2 times of liquid limit), the one kind of mud is conveyed to a flocculation concentration tank through the mud pump, and the rest 1/4 of the total amount of the one kind of mud is reserved; adding flocculating agents such as polyacrylamide, polyaluminium chloride or polyferric chloride into a flocculation concentration tank, concentrating and settling to stabilize, discharging supernatant, and using the residue at the bottom as second-class sludge with the water content of about 90% (about 1.5 times of liquid limit), and conveying the second-class sludge to sludge dewatering equipment through a slurry pump, wherein the residual total amount of the second-class sludge is 1/4 of that for standby; after the sludge is squeezed and dehydrated by mechanical equipment, three types of sludge are formed, the water content is 40% (about 0.66 times of liquid limit), and the three types of sludge are placed in a sludge storage yard for standby, and account for 1/2 of the total amount.
Step two: cleaning and leveling the slope surface of the side slope body by adopting mechanical equipment; digging and constructing a water interception ditch on the top of a slope, and adopting a form of a grouted block stone or a precast concrete ditch, wherein the water interception ditch can intercept rainwater, prevent the rainwater from flowing in a long distance and straight line on the slope, and reduce the scouring effect of the slope; the reverse filtering layer is laid on the slope surface, and is made of water permeable fabric made of high polymer fibers such as polyester, polypropylene (PP) and the like, and the reverse filtering geotextile is adopted in the reverse filtering layer.
Step three: the method comprises the steps of conveying the second-class sludge remained in a flocculation concentration tank into a forced stirrer by adopting a conveying pipeline, mixing a fluid sludge curing agent which is a commercial product, preparing the second-class sludge by adopting materials such as industrial waste, cement-based materials, water reducing agents, exciting agents, anti-dispersing agents and the like, uniformly mixing the second-class sludge with the curing agent, and measuring the fluidity of the second-class sludge. Fluidity measurement is referred to Japanese road Specification test method for bleed mortar and bleed mortar, the test device is a thick-walled cylinder, the inner diameter is 8cm, the height is 8cm, and the wall thickness is l cm, and the material is plexiglass. After the sample is filled, the organic glass cylinder is slightly lifted vertically upwards, after 30s, the maximum diameter and the minimum diameter of the mixture after spreading are measured by a steel ruler, and the average value of the maximum diameter and the minimum diameter is taken as a flow value. Each group was run in 2-3 replicates with the average value as the final flow value. The mixing amount of the curing agent is 8%, the flow value of the cured soil after mixing and stirring is 30cm, a pouring template is installed according to the size x cm in a design file, the mixed fluid cured soil is pumped into the template by a filling pump, the cured soil can be self-leveling and self-compacting in the pouring process, vibration is not needed, the template is removed after 7d curing, a bottom foundation is formed, and the average settlement after stabilization is 5.3mm. By detecting the unconfined compressive strength of the indoor parallel sample under the same curing condition, the unconfined compressive strength is 82kPa during curing for 1d, 9kPa during curing for 7d, and 632kPa during curing for 28d, and the supporting requirement of the bottom foundation can be met.
Step four: adopt mud cake conveyer to transport three types of silt in the mud cake storage yard to the breaker in, the mud cake is broken to disperse in-process gradually to add sword bean urease solution, concentration is g/L, its maximum particle diameter of real-time supervision, when maximum particle diameter is less than 5cm, evenly pave the three types of silt after the breakage and disperse on the slope inclined plane through feeder, the compact processing is carried out to dispersion silt granule to small-size compaction device, reach the condition that does not slip, not drop, thickness and biological regulation and control soil layer thickness are unanimous after the compaction, thickness is cm in this example.
Step five: the plunger pump is adopted to pump the residual sludge in the grit chamberTo a transport pipeline, transporting to a substrate stirring tank through the transport pipeline, adding 0.8g of xanthan gum, 0.8g of water-absorbent resin, 0.06g of plant seeds and 0.08g of fertilizer into each 100g of sludge, fully stirring the mixture in the substrate stirring tank to form a spray-splashing substrate, transporting the substrate to a nozzle of a wet type sprayer through pumping or pneumatic conveying, then directly spraying or introducing compressed air (substrate scattering) into the nozzle, and then spraying to the surface of a side slope to form an anti-scouring layer which is anti-scouring and suitable for plant growth, wherein the anti-scouring capability of the anti-scouring layer is evaluated by adopting a scouring coefficient, and the scouring coefficient of the anti-scouring layer in the example is g/(m) 2 H) meets the design requirements. The scouring coefficient test method is as follows: the test device comprises a water supply device, a bank slope simulation device and a receiving device, wherein the water supply device is a water tank formed by organic glass plates, water flows out from a water outlet at the lower end after passing through a baffle in the middle, and the front end of the water outlet adopts uniform surface flow. The water supply flow is controlled by a control valve and a flowmeter, the bank slope simulation device is a water tank formed by organic glass plates, the front end of the bank slope simulation device is a receiving device, and water and soil lost by the slope are collected. The flush coefficient is calculated according to the following formula:
in the formula, hs is the scouring coefficient of solidified soil, g/(m) 2 ·h)；
m-the mass of soil loss is solidified after a scouring test for 1h, g;
t-accumulated scouring time of the test piece, h;
a, the area of the test piece to be flushed.
Step six: and (3) driving small guide pipes on the slope inclined plane, referring to fig. 4, one ends of the small guide pipes penetrate through the biological material layer to be fixed with the slope body inclined plane, and the other ends of the small guide pipes are exposed on the surface of the biological material layer and are arranged on the slope inclined plane in a plum blossom shape, and grouting influence ranges among the small guide pipes are overlapped to a certain extent, referring to fig. 5. After the small catheter structure is stable, the bacillus liquid, OD, is injected first 600 1.46, standing for 2h after injection, and injecting urea and chloridizingCalcium solution, 1.0mol/L, was mineralized for round 1; after 24 hours, the bacillus liquid and OD are repeatedly injected 600 1.46, standing for 2 hours after injection, and then injecting urea and calcium chloride solution with the concentration of 1.0mol/L; the mineralization of the second round is carried out for 2 th round, the operation is repeated after 24 hours, after 5 rounds of mineralization, the unconfined compressive strength of the mineralization reaches 682kPa, the direct shearing strength c=28.6 kPa, phi=15.9 DEG, and the requirement of slope stability is met, namely, the mineralization is stopped.
Step seven: constructing water guide grooves at reserved positions of slope inclined planes, and arranging a section of water guide grooves at certain intervals, wherein the water guide grooves adopt prefabricated grooves, so that the installation is convenient;
step eight: quality inspection is carried out on the evenness, the gradient and the thickness of the slope surface; and maintenance is carried out, when the air temperature rises, the plant seeds grow and lack moisture, and water is timely supplied through the small guide pipe.
Embodiment two:
in the water treatment project of Nanjing Pukou, the property of river sediment is silt powdery clay, sediment dredging is carried out through a cutter suction dredger, and a river side slope is laid by adopting a 1:1.5 slope. The river channel slope protection structure and the construction method are the same as those of the first embodiment, and the difference is that:
step one: one type of sludge with a water content of 115% (about 1.9 times liquid limit) and the other type of sludge with a water content of 85% (about 1.4 times liquid limit); three types of sludge have water content of 45% (about 0.7 times liquid limit).
Step three: the mixing amount of the curing agent is 10%, the flow value of the cured soil after mixing and stirring is 28cm, and the average settlement amount after pouring the bottom foundation is 4.9mm. The unconfined compressive strength is 182kPa during curing 1d, 690kPa during curing 7d, and 820kPa during curing 28d, thereby meeting the design requirements.
Step four: the thickness of the biological control soil layer is 60cm.
Step five: every 100g of sludge is added with 0.8g of xanthan gum, 1.0g of water-absorbing resin, 0.06g of plant seeds and 0.08g of fertilizer, and the scouring coefficient of the scour prevention layer is 25 g/(m) 2 H) meets the design requirements.
Step six: after 8 rounds of mineralization, the unconfined compressive strength of the mineral powder reaches 705kPa, the direct shear strength c=35.9 kPa, phi=8.6 DEG, and the mineral powder meets the stability requirement.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, who is within the scope of the present invention, should make equivalent substitutions or modifications according to the technical scheme of the present invention and the inventive concept thereof, and should be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. Adjustable biological material slope protection structure based on silt classification utilizes, its characterized in that: comprises a side slope body (501), a water interception ditch (502), a water guide ditch (503), a biological material layer (504), a small conduit (505) and a bottom foundation (506);
the intercepting ditch (502) is arranged at the slope top of the slope body (501) and is built along the trend of the slope body (501);
the water guide ditch (503) is arranged on the slope surface and extends from the top of the side slope body (501) to the bottom of the side slope body (501);
the biological material layer (504) is arranged on the inclined plane along the side slope body (501) and comprises an anti-scouring layer (504 a), a biological control soil layer (504 b) and a reverse filtering layer (504 c) which are sequentially arranged from outside to inside;
the small guide pipes (505) are distributed on the inclined surface of the side slope body (501), one end of each small guide pipe penetrates through the biological material layer (504) and is fixed with the inclined surface of the side slope body (501), and the other end of each small guide pipe is exposed on the surface of the biological material layer (504); a plurality of pulp discharging holes are distributed on the small guide pipe (505);
the bottom foundation (506) is arranged at the slope bottom of the slope body (501) and is built along the trend of the slope body (501).
2. The adjustable biological material slope protection structure based on sludge classification and utilization as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the top of the water guide groove (503) is connected with the water interception groove (502).
3. The adjustable biological material slope protection structure based on sludge classification and utilization as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the side slope body (501) is provided with a plurality of hexagonal combinations, the center and each corner of the hexagon are provided with a small duct (505), the distance between the small duct (505) at the center and each small duct (505) around is the same, and the distance between two adjacent small ducts (505) around is the same.
4. The construction method of the adjustable biological material slope protection structure based on the classified utilization of sludge according to claims 1-3, wherein the construction material of the adjustable biological material slope protection is based on the sludge in a sludge pretreatment system, and the sludge pretreatment system comprises: a grit chamber (101), a flocculation concentration chamber (102), a sludge dewatering device (103), a mud cake storage yard (104), and sludge generated in a transmission facility (105);
the construction method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step one: pretreating high-water-content sludge, and allowing the sludge to enter a sand setting tank (101) for precipitation through a transmission facility (105) to form a type of sludge, wherein the total amount of the sludge is 1/4 of that of the sludge; the residual sludge enters a flocculation concentration tank (102) for further sludge-water separation to form second-class sludge, and the total amount is 1/4 of that of the second-class sludge; the residual sludge enters sludge dewatering equipment (103) for deep dewatering and is placed in a sludge cake storage yard (104) to form three types of sludge, and the total amount is 1/2 of that of the sludge;
step two: cleaning a side slope body (501), excavating and constructing a water interception ditch (502) on the top of the side slope body (501), and paving a reverse filtering layer (504 c) on the inclined surface of the side slope body (501);
step three: taking second-class sludge, and pumping and pouring to form a bottom foundation (506) after the second-class sludge is treated by the second-class sludge treatment and utilization system (3);
step four: three types of sludge are taken, and are treated by a system (4) through three types of sludge treatment and are paved on a reverse filtering layer (504 c) to form a biological regulation and control soil layer (504 b);
step five: taking one kind of sludge, and performing treatment (2) by using a system for treating the one kind of sludge, and then spraying the sludge on the slope to form an anti-scouring layer (504 a);
step six: a small guide pipe (505) is driven into the inclined surface of the side slope body (501), bacillus liquid and cementing liquid are injected step by step, and mineralized by multiple rounds of organisms;
step seven: building a water guide ditch (503) on the slope surface of the side slope;
step eight: and (5) slope maintenance and quality inspection.
5. The construction method of the adjustable biological material slope protection structure based on sludge classification and utilization, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: in the third step, when the second-class sludge is treated by the second-class sludge treatment and utilization system (3), the method specifically comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing the second-class sludge and a fluid sludge curing agent through a forced mixer (302) through a conveying pipeline (301), preparing fluid curing soil, controlling the flow value of the fluid curing soil to be 20-35 cm, installing a pouring template (304) according to the design size, pumping the fluid curing soil into the pouring template (304) by adopting a filling pump (303), and curing for a certain time to form a bottom foundation (506); the water content of the second-class sludge is 1.3-1.8 times of the liquid limit interval.
6. The construction method of the adjustable biological material slope protection structure based on sludge classification and utilization, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: in the fourth step, when the sludge is treated by the three types of sludge treatment and utilization systems (4), the sludge treatment and utilization systems specifically comprise: the three types of sludge are conveyed into a crusher (402) by adopting a mud cake conveying device (401), plant urease solution is gradually added in the mud cake crushing process, and when the maximum particle size is smaller than 5cm, the sludge is uniformly paved on a reverse filtering layer (504 c) by utilizing a feeding device (403) and then is compacted by a compacting device (404); the water content of the three types of sludge is in a liquid limit range of 0.5-1.3 times, the plant urease solution is Canavalia urease or soybean urease, and the concentration of the solution is controlled to be 20-100 g/L.
7. The construction method of the adjustable biological material slope protection structure based on sludge classification and utilization, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: in the fifth step, when the sludge is treated by the sludge treatment and utilization system (2), the method specifically comprises the following steps: the plunger pump (201) extracts a kind of sludge, conveys the sludge to the substrate stirring box (203) through the conveying pipeline (202), adds the biopolymer, the water-absorbent resin, the plant seeds and the fertilizer, fully and uniformly stirs the sludge to prepare a spray-seeding substrate, and uniformly sprays the substrate to a slope by the wet sprayer (204); the water content of the sludge is 1.8-2 times of the liquid limit interval; the substrate comprises 140-160 parts by weight of dry soil converted from sludge, 1-3 parts by weight of biopolymer, 2-3 parts by weight of water-absorbent resin, 0.1-0.2 part by weight of plant seeds and 0.1-0.2 part by weight of fertilizer, wherein the biopolymer consists of one or more of xanthan gum, guar gum and gellan gum.
8. The construction method of the adjustable biological material slope protection structure based on sludge classification and utilization, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: in the sixth step, the Bacillus subtilis solution, OD 600 0.5 to 5; the cementing liquid comprises urea and calcium chloride solution with the concentration of 0.5-1.5 mol/L; the multi-round biological mineralization is to firstly inject the bacillus liquid, then inject the cementing liquid 2 hours after the injection is finished to form 1 round of mineralization, and repeat the grouting scheme after 24 hours to form 2 rounds of mineralization, and the like to form multi-round mineralization, and the multi-round mineralization is accurately regulated and controlled to a designed intensity value according to the actual condition of the site.
9. The construction method of the adjustable biological material slope protection structure based on sludge classification and utilization, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the small guide pipe (505) is a rigid hollow pipe, the front end of the small guide pipe is provided with a conical head, the inner diameter of the small guide pipe is 1-3 cm, and slurry discharge holes with the aperture of 0.2-1 cm are arranged on the whole body.
10. The construction method of the adjustable biological material slope protection structure based on sludge classification and utilization, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: in the biological material layer (504), the thickness of the anti-scouring layer (504 a) is 5-8 cm; the thickness of the biological control soil layer (504 b) is 20-80 cm.
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| JP2003074062A (en) * | 2001-08-31 | 2003-03-12 | Kensetsu Kankyo Engineering Kk | Slope face seeding and planting construction method |
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