JP2003047941A - Organic waste composting apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an organic waste composting apparatus capable of manufacturing fully ripened high quality compost at a low cost by simple and highly durable equipment. SOLUTION: A mixing tank 2, a two-stage primary fermentation tank 3, a secondary fermentation tank 4 and a compost storage tank 5 are successively formed from an organic waste charging port 1a and demarcated by partition walls 6-1-6-4 in a composting tank 1. Pressure air blow means are provided to the mixing tank 2 and the primary and secondary fermentation tanks 3 and 4 to blow pressure air from the lower ends of those tanks and an air blow means for aerobic fermentation are provided to the mixing tank 2, the primary and secondary fermentation tanks 3 and 4 and the compost storage tank 5. The heights of the partition walls 6-1-6-4 are set so that a material to be treated can be successively transferred from the mixing tank 2 to the primary and secondary fermentation tanks 3 and 4 and the compost storage tank 5 by blowing in pressure air.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an organic waste composting device for composting dehydrated organic sludge, organic waste such as food waste and food waste.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, organic sludge such as industrial waste liquid and sewage sludge has been treated by dehydration and composting. Stacking and mechanical composting devices are commonly used for such processes.

The stacking type composting device is one in which dehydrated sludge and return compost are mixed and highly deposited in a fermenter surrounded by three sides and fermented by supplying air from the bottom. Then, the compost can be manufactured by cutting back the mixed sludge while periodically transferring it to another tank with a shovel loader in order to promote uniform fermentation.

In such a stacking type composting device, it is possible to secure a sufficient number of fermentation days and to accumulate the material to be treated at a high level, so that the heat of fermentation is stored inside and a high fermentation temperature is maintained without heating. It is possible to produce a ripe, high-quality compost.

On the other hand, the mechanical composting device is preferable because the mechanical device installed in the fermentation tank maintains the fermentation temperature by continuously adding and heating high calorie auxiliary materials while continuously mixing and cutting. The compost can be produced by aerobic fermentation.

In this mechanical type composting device, the operation tank can be automatically operated and the processing tank can be hermetically sealed, so that the structure for preventing odor and dust is simplified. Further, the fermentation time can be shortened in combination with the drying function.

[0007]

However, in the pile-up type composting device, it is necessary to transfer the processed products by the shovel loader depending on the time, so the labor and skill of the operator are required. Further, since the fermenter cannot be hermetically sealed, equipment for odor and dust prevention is required, and the installation area of the entire apparatus becomes large.

On the other hand, in the mechanical composting device, since the structure of the mixing / cutting-back device is limited, it is not possible to sufficiently secure the deposition height of the object to be treated and the number of fermentation days.
For this reason, drying is likely to be promoted due to the structure of the apparatus, and thus unfinished compost tends to be produced. Moreover, since the mechanism for mixing and turning back comes into contact with corrosive gas, it is necessary to take measures to prevent corrosion, and its durability is low.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a composting device for organic waste, which is capable of producing ripe, high-quality compost with simple and highly durable equipment and at low cost.

[0010]

According to the present invention, in a composting tank, a mixing tank, at least two stages of a fermentation tank and a compost storage tank are partitioned and formed in order from an input port of an organic waste, and the mixing is performed. The tank and the fermenter are equipped with a means for blowing pressurized air from the lower end for mixing, turning back and transferring the material to be treated, and the mixing tank, the fermenter and the compost storage tank are equipped with air for aerobic fermentation. And a height of the partition wall is set so that the material to be treated can be transferred in order from the mixing tank to the fermentation tank and the compost storage tank by blowing the pressure air.

In such a structure, an electric valve for opening and closing, which communicates with each of the mixing tank and the fermentation tank, is arranged,
A single compressor that supplies the pressurized air may be connected to the motor-operated valve.

The term "cutback" as used in this specification
Means to stir while moving the material to be treated in the mixing tank and the fermentation tank up and down.

[0013]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION In the present invention, a mixing tank, at least two stages of a fermentation tank and a compost storage tank are sequentially formed from a partition wall in order from the organic waste charging port provided in the composting tank, and the mixing tank and the fermentation tank are formed. Is equipped with means for blowing pressurized air from the lower end. Therefore, in the mixing tank, it is possible to mix the organic waste charged from the charging port and the fermented material cut back from the subsequent fermentation tank. Then, by supplying air to the mixing tank by means of blowing air, the mixture of the organic waste and the fermented product can be pre-fermented. In addition, in order to promote aerobic fermentation, the air from the means for blowing air may be heated.

The mixture in the mixing tank is mixed by the instantaneous rising flow of the pressurized air from the lower end of the mixing tank, and at the same time, it is transferred over the partition wall to the fermentation tank. This fermenter is provided as at least two stages, and each has a means for blowing pressurized air and a means for blowing air (or heated air) for aerobic fermentation. For this reason, in the first-stage fermenter, turning back by pressure air and transfer of the processed product to the next second-stage fermenter are performed, and at the same time fermentation is promoted by air. Therefore, the fermentation of the fermented product is promoted as it is sent to the next-stage fermenter over the partition wall between the fermenters, and the compost to be processed is made fully mature by appropriately adjusting the number of stages of the fermenter. You can

Here, the height of the partition wall that divides the mixing tank, the fermentation tank, and the compost storage tank is set so that the partition wall can be transferred across each partition wall by the fluidization by the instantaneous pressurized air supplied to the mixing tank and the fermentation tank. Is set to. For this reason,
The material to be treated is composted while being sequentially transferred from the mixing tank to the fermentation tanks of the respective stages, and is supplied to the compost storage tank of the final stage. Since the compost storage tank is provided with a means for blowing air for aerobic fermentation, it is possible to further finish and ferment the processed product composted in the former fermentation tank. Therefore, the processed material in the compost storage tank can be collected as fully-ripened compost. The air from the air blowing means may be heated air to promote aerobic fermentation.

A guide connected by a mechanism whose height and angle can be changed can be provided at the upper end of the partition wall between the fermentation tank and the compost tank. By providing such a guide, it is possible to adjust the transfer amount of the material to be processed transferred across each partition wall and prevent backflow.

Further, in the case where a motor-operated valve for opening and closing, which communicates with each of the mixing tank and the fermentation tank, is arranged and a single compressor for supplying pressurized air is connected to the motor-operated valve, the mixing tank and the single tank are connected by a single compressor. Since pressurized air can be supplied to each of the fermenters, the equipment can be simplified.

[0018]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a composting device of the present invention.

In the figure, the composting device is composed of a composting tank 1. At the upper end of the left side wall of the composting tank 1, an input port 1a for inputting dehydrated organic sludge is opened, and at the lower end side of the right side wall, a recovery port 1 for collecting the produced compost.
b is provided. Further, an exhaust chamber 1c having a dust removing function for exhausting vapor generated inside is provided at the upper end of the composting tank 1, and a deodorizing device 1d is disposed downstream thereof. By providing the exhaust chamber 1c and the deodorizing device 1d as described above, the dust of the vapor generated in the composting tank 1 can be removed and the odor can be deodorized and released to the atmosphere.

Inside the composting tank 1, a mixing tank 2, a primary fermentation tank 3, a secondary fermentation tank 4, and a compost storage tank 5 are formed from the upstream side on the input port 1a side to the downstream side on the recovery port 1b side. Each of these tanks has partition walls 6-1, 6-
It is divided by 3, 6-4. The primary fermentation tank 3 is separated by the partition wall 6-2 into the primary fermentation tank first chamber 3
-1 and the second chamber 3-2 of the primary fermentation tank. Guides 6-3 are provided at the upper ends of the partition walls 6-3 and 6-4, respectively.
a and 6-4a are provided respectively. These guides 6-3
Reference characters a and 6-4a are connected to the upper ends of the partition walls 6-3 and 6-4 by a mechanism (not shown) capable of adjusting the height and the angle.

Here, among the partition walls 6-1 to 6-4, the partition wall 6-3 is the highest. The levels of the dehydrated sludge charged in the mixing tank 2, the dehydrated sludge accumulated in the primary fermentation tank 3 and the fermented material are slightly lower than those of the partition wall 6-3. The partition wall 6-1 is set lower than the level of the dehydrated sludge and the fermented product, and the mixture of the dehydrated sludge injected from the input port 1a and the fermented product cut back from the inside of the primary fermentation tank 3 is applied to the partition wall 6-1. It can be moved over and moved into the primary fermentation tank 3. The partition wall 6-2 is the lowest and partitions the primary fermentation tank first chamber 3-1 and the secondary fermentation tank second chamber 3-2, and the fermented product is fluidized in the primary fermentation tank 3 as a whole by the pressure air described later. Can be made. The partition wall 6-4 is the front partition wall 6
The height of the fermented material in the secondary fermentation tank 4 is slightly lower than -3, and the fermented material in the secondary fermentation tank 4 is fluidized by the pressure air and pushed up, and is supplied to the compost storage tank 5 over the partition wall 6-4.
Since the partition walls 6-3 and 6-4 are provided with guides 6-3a and 6-4a whose height and angle can be adjusted, respectively, the primary fermentation tank 3 to the secondary fermentation tank 4 and the secondary fermentation tank 4 can be used. Tank 4
It is possible to adjust the amount of transfer from the fermenter to the compost tank 5 and prevent backflow from the secondary fermentation tank 4 to the primary fermentation tank 3 and from the compost tank 5 to the secondary fermentation tank 4.

Mixing tank 2, primary fermentation tank first chamber 3-1, primary fermentation tank second chamber 3-2, secondary fermentation tank 4, compost storage tank 5
Two air supply pipes 7 are arranged in each of the above. In addition, a pressure air supply pipe 8 is provided in the mixing tank 2, the primary fermentation tank first chamber 3-1, the primary fermentation tank second chamber 3-2, and the secondary fermentation tank 4.
Are arranged respectively. The pressure air supply pipes 8 of the mixing tank 2, the primary fermentation tank first chamber 3-1, the primary fermentation tank second chamber 3-2, and the secondary fermentation tank 4 are open / close motorized valves 9-1, 9-, respectively.
2, 9-3, 9-4 are connected. These open / close type electric valves 9-1 to 9-4 are connected to a compressor 11 via a pressure tank 10. Also, the air supply pipe 7
Is connected to a flow path from a blower 13 provided with a heater 12 for supplementing the fermentation temperature midway.

Air heated by a heater 12 is supplied to the air supply pipe 7 to perform pre-fermentation of dehydrated sludge and final fermentation in the primary and secondary fermentation tanks 3 and 4 and the compost storage tank 5. Further, the pressurized air supply pipe 8 supplies pressurized air from the lower side to the upper side, and mixes and cuts back the dehydrated sludge and the fermented product and transfers it to the downstream side.

The electric valves 9-1 to 9-4, the compressor 11, the heater 12 and the blower 13 are controlled by a controller (not shown).

In the above construction, the dehydrated sludge a is charged into the mixing tank 2 in the composting tank 1 through the charging port 1a,
The primary fermentation product b is created in the primary fermentation tank 3, the secondary fermentation product c is created in the secondary fermentation tank 4, and the compost storage tank 5 is created.
A compost d as a final product is created therein, and the compost d is recovered as a discharge compost from the recovery port 1b. From the input of such dehydrated sludge a to the collection of discharged compost, the treatment is performed continuously, and this treatment is sequentially performed by the steps of FIGS. 1 to 4.

In FIG. 1, the dehydrated sludge a charged through the charging port 1a is stored in the mixing tank 2. At this time, since the partition wall 6-1 is lower than the level of the primary fermented product b in the mixing tank 2 and the primary fermentation tank 3, the motor-operated valve 9-1 is opened and pressurized air is supplied from the pressurized air supply pipe 8. When it is instantaneously and intermittently supplied as an upward flow, the dehydrated sludge a and the primary fermented product b are mixed by fluidization. That is, the primary fermented product b, part of which has been returned to the mixing tank 2 side by the turning operation in the primary fermentation tank first chamber 3-1, is mixed with the dehydrated sludge a, and at the same time, part of this mixture is subjected to primary fermentation. It is transferred to the tank first chamber 3-1. In addition, dehydrated sludge a and primary fermented product b in the mixing tank 2
The mixture of 1 is pre-fermented by blowing air from the air supply pipe 7. The pressure air is blown from the pressure air supply pipe 8 a proper number of times during the period in which the dehydrated sludge a is charged.

FIG. 2 shows that, following the process of FIG. 1, only the motor-operated valve 9-2 connected to the pressure air supply pipe 8 arranged in the primary fermenter first chamber 3-1 is opened to open the primary fermenter first chamber. The state where the dehydrated sludge a and the primary fermentation product b are mixed in the chamber 3-1 is shown.
In this process, the dehydrated sludge a contained therein is also aerobically fermented by the air from the air supply pipe 7, and the whole is changed to the primary fermented product b over time.

FIG. 3 shows a state in which only the motor-operated valve 9-3 connected to the pressure air supply pipe 8 arranged in the second chamber 3-2 of the primary fermentation tank is opened following the process of FIG. . In this step, the primary fermented product b fermented in the primary fermenter first chamber 3-1 is further aerobically fermented uniformly with air from the air supply pipe 7, and at the same time with pressurized air from the pressure air supply pipe 8. It is turned back to promote fermentation. Then, a part of the primary fermented product b cut back by the upward flow of the pressure air moves to the secondary fermentation tank 4 over the partition wall 6-3.

Through the above steps, the primary fermented product b in which the fermentation is promoted is created and can be changed to a state close to compost.

FIG. 4 is a continuation of the process of FIG.
It shows a state in which only -4 is opened. In this step, the primary fermented product b is further promoted aerobic fermentation by the air from the air supply pipe 7, and is converted into the secondary fermented product c. Then, due to the upward flow of the pressurized air from the pressurized air supply pipe 8, the secondary fermented product c is transferred back to the compost storage tank 5 over the partition wall 6-4 while being cut back for uniform fermentation.

The secondary fermented product c that has moved into the compost storage tank 5 is further aerobically fermented by the air from the air supply pipe 7 to promote finish fermentation. That is, the secondary fermented material c transferred to the compost storage tank 5 becomes the compost d that has been matured by the finish fermentation. Then, the stored compost d is recovered as a product by periodically taking out from the recovery port 1b.

In this way, by sequentially opening the motor-operated valves 9-1 to 9-4, the mixing tank 2, the primary fermentation tank first chamber 3-1, the primary fermentation tank second chamber 3-2. The processed material in the secondary fermentation tank 4 can be transferred to the downstream side while being mixed.
Then, in the mixing tank 2, the mixture of the dehydrated sludge a and the primary fermentation product b is pre-fermented by the air from the air supply pipe 7,
In the primary fermentation tank first chamber 3-1, the primary fermentation tank second chamber 3-2, and the secondary fermentation tank 4 as well, fermentation is promoted by the air from the air supply pipe 7. Therefore, the motor operated valves 9-1 to 9-4
By sequentially opening and closing, the secondary fermented product c in the secondary fermenter 4 can be almost composted. Then, after the motor-operated valve 9-4 is opened and the secondary fermented product c is transferred to the compost storage tank 5, the secondary fermented product c is further fermented by the air from the air supply pipe 7 to compost d.
Can be obtained.

In the composting apparatus of the present invention, the compost d can be obtained by simply supplying pressurized air and air to the composting tank. Therefore, a mechanism for transferring or mixing dehydrated sludge or fermented material in the composting tank 1 is not required, and a movable member that comes into contact with the dehydrated sludge or vapor is unnecessary. Therefore, it is not necessary to take measures against corrosion of the movable member and the facility can be simplified. Further, since the means for supplying the compressed air is the single compressor 11 connected to each of the motor-operated valves 9-1 to 9-4, the equipment becomes simpler than the case where a compressor is provided for each tank.

In the examples, the composting of dehydrated organic sludge was described, but other various kinds of organic waste can also be composted by the composting device of the present invention. Further, the fermenter has two stages of the primary fermenter 3 and the secondary fermentor 4, but the number of stages may be more than this,
In short, the number of stages is sufficient as long as the processed product is sufficiently composted before reaching the compost storage tank 5.

[0036]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the composting process can be performed from the mixing tank to the fermentation tank only by adding the organic waste from the charging port of the composting tank. Since it can be realized by the operation of feeding air or heated air, the processing can be performed with a simple device. Therefore, the structure is simpler than that of the conventional mechanical composting device, and the fermented material and the vapor are not brought into contact with the drive unit, so that no corrosion countermeasure is required. In addition, by increasing the height of the composting tank, it is possible to deposit the processed material at a high level, so that it is possible to reduce the installation area and to reduce the power cost for heating fermentation due to the heat storage effect of the processed material. . Furthermore, since the composting tank can be of a closed type, the heat retaining property can be maintained high and the fermented product can be efficiently fermented.

According to the second aspect of the invention, the compressed air can be supplied to the mixing tank and the fermentation tank by a single compressor, so that the equipment can be simplified.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a composting apparatus of the present invention, in which pressurized air is supplied to a mixing tank to cause the mixed sludge in the tank to flow to perform mixing and partial transfer to the primary fermentation tank. Indicates the status.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing a state in which pressurized air is supplied to the first chamber of the primary fermentation tank to cause the primary fermentation product in the tank to flow and to be cut back.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing a state in which pressurized air is supplied to the second chamber of the primary fermentation tank to flow the primary fermented material in the tank to cut it back and partially move it to the secondary fermentation tank.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing a state in which pressurized air is supplied to the secondary fermentation tank to cause the secondary fermented material in the tank to flow and to be cut back and partially moved to the compost storage tank.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Composting tank 1a Input port 1b Collection port 1c Exhaust chamber 1d deodorizing device 2 mixing tanks 3 Primary fermenter 3-1 Primary fermentation tank first room 3-2 Primary fermentation tank second room 4 Secondary fermenter 5 Compost storage tank 6-1, 6-2, 6-3, 6-4 Partition wall 6-3a, 6-4a guide 7 Air supply pipe 8 Pressure air supply pipe 9-1, 9-2, 9-3, 9-4 Motorized valve 10 Pressure chamber 11 compressor 12 heater 13 blower a Dewatered sludge b Primary fermentation product c Secondary fermentation d compost

Continued front page    F-term (reference) 4D004 AA02 AA03 AC04 CA19 CA48                       CB04 CB06 CB21 CB47                 4D059 AA05 AA07 BA03 BA44 BA48                       BA51 BJ09 CA16 CB01 CB07                 4G035 AB48 AE13 AE15                 4G036 AC13                 4H061 AA03 CC42 CC51 CC55 EE03                       FF06 GG12 GG14 GG41 GG49                       GG69

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A composting tank is formed by partitioning a mixing tank, at least two stages of fermentation tanks and a compost storage tank in order from an organic waste charging port, and the mixing tank and the fermentation tank are covered with With a means for blowing pressure air from the lower end for mixing, turning back and transferring the processing material, the mixing tank, the fermentation tank and the compost storage tank,
A means for blowing air for aerobic fermentation is provided, and the height of the partition wall is set so that the material to be treated can be transferred in order from the mixing tank to the fermentation tank and the compost storage tank by blowing the pressure air. A composting device for organic waste. 2. A motor-operated valve for opening and closing, which communicates with each of the mixing tank and the fermentation tank, is arranged, and a single compressor for supplying the compressed air is connected to the motor-operated valve. The described apparatus for composting organic waste.