JP2003008336A - パラボラアンテナ用1次放射器及び衛星放送受信用コンバータ - Google Patents

パラボラアンテナ用1次放射器及び衛星放送受信用コンバータ

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Publication number
JP2003008336A
JP2003008336A JP2001193414A JP2001193414A JP2003008336A JP 2003008336 A JP2003008336 A JP 2003008336A JP 2001193414 A JP2001193414 A JP 2001193414A JP 2001193414 A JP2001193414 A JP 2001193414A JP 2003008336 A JP2003008336 A JP 2003008336A
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dielectric
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JP3472567B2 (ja
Inventor
Mikihiro Matsuura
幹浩 松浦
Koji Sakauchi
功治 坂内
Atsushi Kaneko
敦 金子
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Hitachi Kokusai Electric Inc
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Hitachi Kokusai Electric Inc
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Abstract

(57)【要約】 【課題】ホーン内部での多重反射を抑え、良好な反射損
失特性並びに広周波数帯域に亘って良好な円偏波軸比特
性を得る。 【解決手段】ケース本体11の前面開口部にパラボラ反
射鏡からの電波を受信するホーン部12を設けると共
に、このホーン部12の開口部にホーンカバー21を設
ける。ケース本体11内には、円偏波発生器13及び給
電部14を設ける。円偏波発生器13には、ホーン部1
2側に棒状の支持部22を設け、その先端に筒状誘電体
23を一体に設ける。この筒状誘電体23は、入射電波
の約1/4波長に誘電体の波長短縮率を乗じた長さに設
定し、ホーン部12の開口部中心付近に位置させる。筒
状誘電体23をホーンカバー21から独立して設けるこ
とにより、ホーンカバー21を十分な薄さで成型でき、
アンテナの受信レベルを低下させることなく、ホーン内
部での多重反射を抑え、良好な電気特性が得られる。

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、例えば衛星放送受
信用パラボラアンテナにおいて、広帯域に亘り良好な円
偏波軸比特性を有するパラボラアンテナ用1次放射器及
び衛星放送受信用コンバータに関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】従来、円偏波受信用パラボラアンテナに
用いられる1次放射器は、図6に示すように構成されて
いる。図6において、11は有底円筒状のケース本体
で、このケース本体11の前面開口部にパラボラ反射鏡
(図示せず)からの電波を受信するホーン部12が一体
に設けられている。上記ケース本体11内には、直線偏
波と円偏波の変換を行なう円偏波発生器13が配置され
る。この円偏波発生器13は、板状誘電体により形成し
たもので、長方形の誘電体の左右両辺に切り込み部を設
けた形状となっている。また、ケース本体11には、上
記円偏波発生器13の切り込み部から所定距離離れた位
置に回路側との接続部となる給電部14が設けられる。
なお、上記円偏波発生器13は、給電部14に対して4
5°傾斜して配置される。
【0003】そして、上記ホーン部12の開口部には、
1次放射器を保護するために、誘電体により形成したホ
ーンカバー15が設けられる。更に、このホーンカバー
15の中央部内側には、反射損失特性並びに円偏波軸比
特性を改善するための突起16が一体に設けられる。こ
の突起16は、該当電波の約1/4波長の奇数倍の長さ
に、誘電体の波長短縮率を乗じた長さに設定される。
【0004】上記のようにホーン部12の内部を保護す
るために誘電体のホーンカバー15が一般に用いられて
いる。しかし、このホーンカバー15を設けることによ
って、1次放射器内部で電波が多重反射し、1次放射器
の諸特性が劣化する。特に、円偏波軸比特性において
は、周波数帯域が狭帯域となる。従来では、上記ホーン
カバー15により電波の反射をホーンカバー15に設け
た突起16により打ち消している。すなわち、誘電体の
突起16により位相を180°進めた反射波を発生さ
せ、ホーンカバー15による反射波と打ち消し合うよう
に作用させている。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】上記のようにホーンカ
バー15の内側に突起16を設けることにより、広周波
数帯域に亘って良好な円偏波軸比特性を得ることができ
る。
【0006】しかし、誘電体の突起16をホーンカバー
15と一体で成型するためには、ホーンカバー15の突
起部付近の寸法を厚くしなければ、希望とする寸法精度
が得られず、また、突起部付近の寸法を厚くすると、ホ
ーンカバー15における通過損失が大きくなり、パラボ
ラアンテナ総合での受信レベルが劣化するという問題が
あった。
【0007】本発明は上記の課題を解決するためになさ
れたもので、ホーンカバーの寸法を厚く形成する必要が
なく、ホーン内部での多重反射を抑え、良好な反射損失
特性並びに広周波数帯域に亘って良好な円偏波軸比特性
を得ることができ、電気特性の優れたパラボラアンテナ
用1次放射器及び衛星放送受信用コンバータを提供する
ことを目的とする。
【0008】
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、円偏波を送受
信するパラボラアンテナの1次放射器において、ケース
本体の開口部に設けられ、パラボラ反射鏡からの電波を
受信するホーン部と、このホーン部の開口部に設けられ
る誘電体のホーンカバーと、前記ケース本体内に設けら
れる給電部と、前記ケース本体内に設けられ、円偏波を
直線偏波に変更する誘電体からなる円偏波発生器と、前
記ホーン部の開口部中心付近に設置され、前記円偏波発
生器に支持部を介して一体に設けられる筒状誘電体とを
具備したことを特徴とする。
【0009】上記のように筒状誘電体をホーンカバーか
ら独立して設け、円偏波発生器と一体に成型することに
より、ホーンカバーを十分な薄さで成型することが可能
となり、アンテナの受信レベルを低下させることなく、
ホーン内部での多重反射を抑え、良好な反射損失特性並
びに広周波数帯域に亘り良好な円偏波軸比特性を得るこ
とができる。
【0010】
【発明の実施の形態】以下、図面を参照して本発明の実
施形態を説明する。 (第1実施形態)図1は、本発明の第1実施形態に係る
パラボラアンテナ用1次放射器20の構成を示す断面図
である。図1において、11は有底円筒状のケース本体
で、このケース本体11の前面開口部にパラボラ反射鏡
(図示せず)からの電波を受信するホーン部12が一体
に設けられている。更に、このホーン部12の開口部に
は、1次放射器を保護するために、誘電体により形成し
たホーンカバー21が設けられる。
【0011】そして、上記ケース本体11内には、直線
偏波と円偏波の変換を行なう円偏波発生器13が配置さ
れる。この円偏波発生器13は、板状誘電体により形成
したもので、長方形の誘電体の左右両辺に切り込み部を
設けた構造となっており、また、ケース本体11には、
上記円偏波発生器13の切り込み部から所定距離離れた
位置に給電部14が設けられる。なお、上記円偏波発生
器13は、給電部14に対して45°傾斜して配置され
る。
【0012】上記円偏波発生器13には、ホーン部12
側に棒状の支持部22が設けられ、その先端に筒状誘電
体23が設けられる。この筒状誘電体23は、ホーン部
12の開口部中心付近に位置するように上記支持部22
を介して円偏波発生器13に一体に設けられる。
【0013】すなわち、上記円偏波発生器13、支持部
22及び筒状誘電体23は、図2(a)、(b)に示す
ように一体で成型されている。図2の(a)は円偏波発
生器13、支持部22及び筒状誘電体23を一体成型し
た状態を示す断面図、(b)は同左側面図である。
【0014】上記筒状誘電体23は、ホーンカバー21
での反射を打ち消すためのもので、入射電波の約1/4
波長に誘電体の波長短縮率を乗じた長さに設定する。上
記の長さを有する筒状誘電体23を設けることにより、
位相を180°進めた反射波を発生させてホーンカバー
21による反射波を打ち消すことができる。なお、筒状
誘電体23は、上記したようにホーン部12の開口部中
心付近に位置するように設けられるが、先端をホーンカ
バー21の内側面に当接させても良い。
【0015】上記実施形態で示したように筒状誘電体2
3をホーンカバー21から独立して設け、円偏波発生器
13と一体に成型することにより、ホーンカバー21を
十分な薄さで成型することが可能となり、アンテナの受
信レベルを低下させることなく、ホーン内部での多重反
射を抑え、良好な反射損失特性並びに広周波数帯域に亘
り良好な円偏波軸比特性を得ることができる。また、筒
状誘電体23を支持部22を介して円偏波発生器13と
一体に成型することにより、簡単な構成で筒状誘電体2
3を所定の位置に確実に保持でき、かつ安価に構成する
ことができる。
【0016】(第2実施形態)次に本発明の第2実施形
態について説明する。図3は、本発明の第2実施形態に
係るパラボラアンテナ用1次放射器20の構成を示す断
面図である。この第2実施形態は、第1実施形態に示し
た筒状誘電体23に代えて薄い円形の誘電体板24を設
けたものである。すなわち、支持部22の先端に誘電体
板24を一体に設け、ホーンカバー21の中央部内側よ
り、入射電波の約1/4波長の距離に配置したものであ
る。その他の構成は、図1に示した第1実施形態と同様
の構成であるので、上記第1実施形態と同一符号を付し
て詳細な説明は省略する。
【0017】上記第2実施形態に示したようにホーンカ
バー21の中央部内側より、入射電波の約1/4波長の
距離に誘電体板24を配置しても、位相を180°進め
た反射波を発生させてホーンカバー21による反射波を
打ち消すことができる。
【0018】従って、第2実施形態においても、アンテ
ナの受信レベルを低下させることなく、ホーン内部での
多重反射を抑え、良好な反射損失特性並びに広周波数帯
域に亘り良好な円偏波軸比特性を得ることができる。
【0019】なお、上記第2実施形態では、誘電体板2
4を円形に形成した場合について示したが、その他の形
状、例えば矩形に形成しても同様の効果を得ることがで
きる。
【0020】(第3実施形態)次に本発明の第3実施形
態について説明する。図4は、本発明の第3実施形態に
係るパラボラアンテナ用1次放射器20の構成を示す断
面図である。この第3実施形態は、第1実施形態に示し
た筒状誘電体23と共に第2実施形態に示した円形また
は矩形の誘電体板24を設けたものである。すなわち、
ホーンカバー21の中央部内側に接するように筒状誘電
体23を設けると共に、ホーンカバー21の中央部内側
より、入射電波の約1/4波長の距離に誘電体板24を
配置したものである。上記筒状誘電体23及び誘電体板
24は、支持部22を介して円偏波発生器13に一体成
型される。上記筒状誘電体23は、入射電波の約1/4
波長に誘電体の波長短縮率を乗じた長さに設定する。ま
た、誘電体板24は、ホーンカバー21の中央部内側よ
り、入射電波の約1/4波長の奇数倍の距離に配置す
る。その他の構成は、図1に示した第1実施形態と同様
の構成であるので、上記第1実施形態と同一符号を付し
て詳細な説明は省略する。
【0021】上記のように筒状誘電体23及び誘電体板
24をホーンカバー21から独立して設けることによっ
て、ホーンカバー21による反射波をより効果的に打ち
消すことができ、アンテナの受信レベルを低下させるこ
となく、ホーン内部での多重反射を抑え、良好な反射損
失特性並びに広周波数帯域に亘り良好な円偏波軸比特性
を得ることができる。
【0022】(第4実施形態)次に本発明の第4実施形
態について説明する。図5は、本発明の第4実施形態に
係る衛星放送受信用コンバータの構成を示す側面図であ
る。この第4実施形態は、第1ないし第3実施形態に示
したパラボラアンテナ用1次放射器20を用いて衛星放
送受信用コンバータ30を構成した場合について示した
ものである。衛星放送受信用コンバータ30は、パラボ
ラアンテナ用1次放射器20とコンバータ部31を一体
に構成したもので、コンバータ部31はコンバータ出力
端子32を備えている。
【0023】上記パラボラアンテナ用1次放射器20
は、衛星から送られてくる円偏波の放送信号をパラボラ
反射鏡を介して受信し、直線偏波の信号に変換してコン
バータ部31に出力する。コンバータ部31は、図示し
ないが例えばSHFアンプ回路、ミキサー回路、局部発
振器、IFアンプ回路等からなり、パラボラアンテナ用
1次放射器20で受信した信号をSHFアンプ回路で増
幅した後、ミキサー回路及び局部発振器からなる周波数
変換回路により中間周波信号に変換し、更にIFアンプ
回路で増幅してコンバータ出力端子32から同軸ケーブ
ルによりテレビ受信機へ出力する。
【0024】上記したように第1ないし第3実施形態に
示したパラボラアンテナ用1次放射器20を用いること
により、良好な反射損失特性並びに広周波数帯域に亘っ
て良好な円偏波軸比特性を持つ衛星放送受信用コンバー
タ30を構成することができる。
【0025】
【発明の効果】以上詳記したように本発明によれば、パ
ラボラアンテナ用1次放射器において、ホーンカバーか
ら独立して筒状誘電体、誘電体板を設け、円偏波発生器
と一体に成型してホーン部の開口部中心付近に配置する
ことにより、ホーンカバーを十分な薄さで成型すること
が可能となり、アンテナの受信レベルを低下させること
なく、ホーン内部での多重反射を抑え、良好な反射損失
特性並びに広周波数帯域に亘り良好な円偏波軸比特性を
得ることができる。また、上記パラボラアンテナ用1次
放射器をコンバータ部と一体に設けることにより、良好
な電気特性を有する衛星放送受信用コンバータを構成す
ることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の第1実施形態に係るパラボラアンテナ
用1次放射器の構成を示す断面図。
【図2】(a)は同実施形態における筒状誘電体を円偏
波発生器とを一体成型した状態を示す断面図、(b)は
同左側面図。
【図3】本発明の第2実施形態に係るパラボラアンテナ
用1次放射器の構成を示す断面図。
【図4】本発明の第3実施形態に係るパラボラアンテナ
用1次放射器の構成を示す断面図。
【図5】本発明の第4実施形態に係る衛星放送受信用コ
ンバータの構成を示す側面図。
【図6】従来のパラボラアンテナ用1次放射器の構成を
示す断面図。
【符号の説明】
11 ケース本体 12 ホーン部 13 円偏波発生器 14 給電部 20 パラボラアンテナ用1次放射器 21 ホーンカバー 22 支持部 23 筒状誘電体 24 誘電体板 30 衛星放送受信用コンバータ 31 コンバータ部 32 コンバータ出力端子
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 金子 敦 東京都中野区東中野三丁目14番20号 株式 会社日立国際電気内 Fターム(参考) 5J012 FA03 5J020 AA03 BA09 BC02 BC06 DA07 5J021 AA01 CA06 FA17 FA24 FA26 HA05 HA07 JA07 5J045 AA02 AA07 AA15 AB05 DA01 HA01 JA16 NA02

Claims (8)

    【特許請求の範囲】
  1. 【請求項1】 円偏波を送受信するパラボラアンテナの
    1次放射器において、ケース本体の開口部に設けられ、
    パラボラ反射鏡からの電波を受信するホーン部と、この
    ホーン部の開口部に設けられる誘電体のホーンカバー
    と、前記ケース本体内に設けられる給電部と、前記ケー
    ス本体内に設けられ、円偏波を直線偏波に変更する誘電
    体からなる円偏波発生器と、前記ホーン部の開口部中心
    付近に設置され、前記円偏波発生器に支持部を介して一
    体に設けられる筒状誘電体とを具備したことを特徴とす
    るパラボラアンテナ用1次放射器。
  2. 【請求項2】 円偏波を送受信するパラボラアンテナの
    1次放射器において、ケース本体の開口部に設けられ、
    パラボラ反射鏡からの電波を受信するホーン部と、この
    ホーン部の開口部に設けられる誘電体のホーンカバー
    と、前記ケース本体内に設けられる給電部と、前記ケー
    ス本体内に設けられ、円偏波を直線偏波に変更する誘電
    体からなる円偏波発生器と、前記ホーンカバーの中央部
    内側より入射電波の約1/4波長の距離に配置され、前
    記円偏波発生器に支持部を介して一体に設けられる誘電
    体板とを具備したことを特徴とするパラボラアンテナ用
    1次放射器。
  3. 【請求項3】 円偏波を送受信するパラボラアンテナの
    1次放射器において、ケース本体の開口部に設けられ、
    パラボラ反射鏡からの電波を受信するホーン部と、この
    ホーン部の開口部に設けられる誘電体のホーンカバー
    と、前記ケース本体内に設けられる給電部と、前記ケー
    ス本体内に設けられ、円偏波を直線偏波に変更する誘電
    体からなる円偏波発生器と、前記ホーン部の開口部中心
    付近に設置される筒状誘電体と、前記ホーンカバーの中
    央部内側より入射電波の約1/4波長の奇数倍の距離に
    配置される誘電体板と、前記円偏波発生器に一体に設け
    られ、前記筒状誘電体及び誘電体板を支持する支持部と
    を具備したことを特徴とするパラボラアンテナ用1次放
    射器。
  4. 【請求項4】 前記筒状誘電体を入射電波の約1/4波
    長に誘電体の波長短縮率を乗じた長さに設定したことを
    特徴とする請求項1又は3記載のパラボラアンテナ用1
    次放射器。
  5. 【請求項5】 前記誘電体板を円状又は矩形に形成した
    ことを特徴とする請求項2又は3記載のパラボラアンテ
    ナ用1次放射器。
  6. 【請求項6】 前記請求項1記載の1次放射器とコンバ
    ータ部を一体に構成したことを特徴とする衛星放送受信
    用コンバータ。
  7. 【請求項7】 前記請求項2記載の1次放射器とコンバ
    ータ部を一体に構成したことを特徴とする衛星放送受信
    用コンバータ。
  8. 【請求項8】 前記請求項3記載の1次放射器とコンバ
    ータ部を一体に構成したことを特徴とする衛星放送受信
    用コンバータ。
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