JP2002510226A - 酸素濃縮装置から携帯用液体酸素を生成する方法および装置 - Google Patents
酸素濃縮装置から携帯用液体酸素を生成する方法および装置Info
- Publication number
- JP2002510226A JP2002510226A JP50445499A JP50445499A JP2002510226A JP 2002510226 A JP2002510226 A JP 2002510226A JP 50445499 A JP50445499 A JP 50445499A JP 50445499 A JP50445499 A JP 50445499A JP 2002510226 A JP2002510226 A JP 2002510226A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- oxygen
- condenser
- liquid
- dewar
- gas
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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Classifications
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Abstract
Description
Claims (1)
- 【特許請求の範囲】 1. 酸素濃縮装置から得られた気体酸素アウトプットの一部が液体酸素へ凝縮 される、酸素の携帯可能な供給に応ずる携帯型家庭用液体酸素システムであって 、 (a)大気から酸素ガスを分離する酸素濃縮装置と、 (b)疾患者の使用に際して、上記酸素濃縮装置から酸素ガスフローを移動さ せるための出口部フローラインと、 (c)酸素生成器により生成された酸素ガスフローの一部を分離するための出 口部フローライン内に配置されたバルブと、 (d)酸素ガスフローの分離された一部を受け、液化するための凝縮器と、 (e)上記凝縮器と連結された冷凍冷却器と、 (f)少なくとも1つの第2のより小さなデューワに選択式にエンゲージ可能 であるとともに該デューワと流体移動可能に連通している出口部と、第1のデュ ーワから第2のデューワまで液体酸素を供給するための流体通路とを有している 、上記凝縮器により液化された酸素を貯蔵するための、上記凝縮器と流体移動可 能に連通している第1の貯蔵デューワと、 (g)上記第1の貯蔵デューワを加熱するヒータと、 (h)(i)上記濃縮装置から流れる酸素ガスの酸素濃度、及び、(ii)上記第1 のデューワ内の液体酸素の量を管理し、また、液体酸素の生成及び上記第1の貯 蔵デューワからの移動のパラメータを制御するための制御装置とを有しているこ とを特徴とする携帯型家庭用液体酸素システム。 2. 上記酸素濃縮装置は、圧力変動吸収(□PSA□)型の酸素濃縮装置である ことを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項の液体酸素システム。 3. 上記凝縮器への流量が、凝縮器の容量を越えるように選択されることを特 徴とする請求の範囲第1項の液体酸素システム。 4. 凝縮器内に流れ込む上記分離された一部の20から90%のみが、アルゴ ン,ニトロゲン及び微量ガスの液化を最小にするように凝縮されることを特徴と する請求の範囲第1項の液体酸素システム。 5. 上記制御装置は、上記凝縮器の温度が約69.2から109.7Kまでの 範囲内で変化し、上記凝縮器の圧力が約5から65絶対psi(pounds per squarei nch)まで変化し、また、上記凝縮器内へのガスの濃度が、およそ、 酸素:80から100% ニトロゲン:0から20% アルゴン:0から7% で変化するように、凝縮器のパラメータを制御することを特徴とする請求の範囲 第1項の液体酸素システム。 6. 上記第1の貯蔵デューワからの抜けガスが回収され、上記凝縮器内へのガ スを予め冷却するために用いられることを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項の液体酸 素システム。 7. 上記凝縮器が冷凍冷却器と熱接触し、 (a)酸素の上記分離された一部を受けるための入口導管と、 (b)外側部材と、 (c)上記入口導管と連通するチャンバを有する内側部材と、 (d)上記外側及び内側部材により規定される通路と、 (e)軸方向のスロットを有する上記内側部材と、 (f)上記内側及び外側部材により規定される通路内で酸素を循環させるため の手段とを有していることを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項の液体酸素システム。 8. 気相から液相への酸素の液化に際して用いられる、全体として垂直に方向 付けられた重力補助式の凝縮器が、 (a)気体酸素の流れを受けるための入口部と、 (b)外側部材と、 (c)内側部材と、 (d)上記内側及び外側部材により規定され、上記入口部が連通する通路と、 (e)熱伝導を向上させるために、また、液境膜の形成を回避するために、軸 方向のスロットを有する内側部材と、 (f)上記冷凍冷却器と熱接触する部材の少なくとも1つとを有していること を特徴とする請求の範囲第1項の液体酸素システム。 9. 更に、上記酸素濃縮装置と凝縮器との間でインタフェースで連結された回 収熱交換器を有していることを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項の液体酸素システム 。 10. 上記制御装置が、上記第1のデューワ内での圧力を検知し、それに応じ て、上記ヒータを制御することを特徴とする請求の範囲第1項の液体酸素システ ム。 11. 上記第1の貯蔵デューワが、上記気体濃縮装置を通過し得るあらゆるト レースガスを除去するために、定期的に沸騰によって乾燥させられることを特徴 とする請求の範囲第1項の液体酸素システム。 12. 上記凝縮器が、環状部を規定する内側中央溝付きコアを備えた、また、 凝縮された液体を逃がすための軸方向のスリットを備えた、全体として垂直に方 向付けられた重力補助式の環状ハウジングを有することを特徴とする請求の範囲 第1項の液体酸素システム。 13. 上記制御装置が、酸素源から遠隔に配置されることを特徴とする請求の 範囲第1項の液体酸素システム。 14. 上記制御装置が、モデムを用いて、遠隔より、酸素濃度及び液体酸素の 量を管理し、また、液体酸素の生成及び移動のパラメータを制御することを特徴 とする請求の範囲第1項の液体酸素システム。 15. 上記制御装置が、無線インタフェースを用いて、遠隔より、酸素濃度及 び液体酸素の量を管理し、液体酸素の生成及び移動のパラメータを制御すること を特徴とする請求の範囲第1項の液体酸素システム。 16. 酸素濃縮装置,凝縮器,冷凍冷却器,ヒータ及び貯蔵デューワを有する 家庭移動性液体酸素システム用の制御システムであって、 (a)上記酸素濃縮装置により生成された酸素ガスの濃度を検知し、それに応 じて、第1の信号を生成する酸素濃度センサと、 (b)上記デューワ内の液体レバスを検知し、それに応じて、第2の信号を生 成する液体レベルセンサと、 (c)上記デューワ内の温度を検知し、それに応じて、第3の信号を検知する 温度センサと、 (d)上記濃縮装置から出て、上記凝縮器へ入る気体酸素のフロー濃度,上記 デューワ内の液体酸素のレベル,デューワ内の温度を計算するための、また、上 記貯蔵デューワからの液体酸素の移動を制御するための第1,第2及び第3の信 号を受信するマイクロプロセッサとを有している制御システム。 17. 上記マイクロプロセッサが、家庭移動性システムから遠隔に配置され、 モデムを用いて、上記センサ及び制御装置へ接続されることを特徴とする請求の 範囲第16項の制御システム。 18. 上記マイクロプロセッサが、家庭移動性システムから遠隔に配置され、 無線インタフェースを用いて、上記センサ及び制御装置へ接続されることを特徴 とする請求の範囲第16項の制御システム。 19. 上記凝縮器内への実際の流量が、該凝縮器の設計されたフロー容量を越 えて、過剰なフローがシステムを浄化するように選択されることを特徴とする請 求の範囲第16項の制御システム。 20. 上記凝縮器内へ入るフローの20から90%のみが、アルゴン,ニトロ ゲン及びトレースガスの液化を最小にするように凝縮されることを特徴とする請 求の範囲第16項の液体酸素システム。 21. 上記制御装置が、上記凝縮器の温度が約69.2から109.7Kまで の範囲内で変化し、上記凝縮器の圧力が、約5から65絶対psiまで変化し、ま た、上記凝縮器内へのガスの濃度が、およそ、 酸素:80から100% ニトロゲン:0から20% アルゴン:0から7% で変化するように、凝縮器のパラメータを制御することを特徴とする請求の範囲 第16項の装置。 22. 液体酸素が酸素濃縮装置から得られた気体酸素から形成される移動性液 体酸素システムであって、 (a)酸素ガスを空気ラインから分離する酸素濃縮装置と、 (b)上記濃縮装置から酸素ガスを送るための、酸素濃縮装置からの第1のア ウトプットラインと、 (c)酸素のアウトプットフローを制御するために、上記第1のアウトプット ラインに配置された第1の弁と、 (d)凝縮器用に冷却作用をもたらすための冷凍冷却器と共働する凝縮器と、 (e)液体酸素を形成するための冷却に際して、上記濃縮装置のアウトプット から凝縮器まで酸素ガスを送るための、上記第1の弁と凝縮器との間に通じてい る第2のアウトプットラインと、 (f)上記凝縮器により液化された液体酸素を貯蔵する貯蔵デューワと、 (g)上記凝縮器から貯蔵デューワまで酸素ガスを送るための、上記第1の凝 縮器と貯蔵デューワとの間に通じている第2のアウトプットラインと、 (h)上記デューワ内の液体酸素を加熱するためのヒータと、 (i)上記濃縮装置からのフローの酸素濃度を測定するための酸素センサと、 (j)上記デューワ内の液体レベルセンサと、 (k)上記デューワ内の温度センサと、 (l)上記デューワと連通する圧力センサと、 (m)上記酸素センサ,液体レベルセンサ,温度センサ及び圧力センサからの 出力を受信するための、また、上記凝縮器へ送り込まれる気体酸素のフローを制 御するための、更に、検知された条件に従って、液化および上記貯蔵デューワか らの移動を制御するための制御装置とを有していることを特徴とする移動性液体 酸素システム。 23. 上記酸素濃縮装置が、プレッシャ・スイング・アドサープション(□P SA□)型のものであることを特徴とする請求の範囲第22項のシステム。 24. 上記凝縮器のパラメータが、 約69.2から109.7Kまでの温度、 約5から65絶対psiまでの圧力、 約80から100%までの酸素 約0から20%までのニトロゲン 約0から7%までのアルゴン でなるコンデンサ内へのガス濃度 であるように確保されることを特徴とする請求の範囲第22項のシステム。 25. 上記凝縮器内へのガスのフローを予め冷却するために、上記酸素濃縮装 置と凝縮器との間に、回収熱交換器を有していることを特徴とする請求の範囲第 22項のシステム。 26. 上記凝縮器内への流量が、該凝縮器の設計された容量を越えるように選 択されることを特徴とする請求の範囲第22項の液体酸素システム。 27. 上記凝縮器内へ入るフローの20から90%のみが、アルゴン,ニトロ ゲン及びトレースガスの液化を最小にするように凝縮されることを特徴とする請 求の範囲第22項の液体酸素システム。 28. 全体として垂直に方向付けられた重力補助式の凝縮器が、冷凍冷却器に 接触し、また、 (a)気体酸素を受ける入口部と、 (b)外側の管状部材と、 (c)内側部材と、 (d)上記外側及び内側部材により規定される通路と、 (e)外側面に切り込まれた軸方向のスロットを有する上記内側部材と、 (f)上記通路内の酸素を循環させるための手段と、 (g)液体酸素を放出するための出口部とを有しており、 上記酸素ガスが、入口部にて上記凝縮器に入り、上記通路を通過した場合に、 凝縮が起こり、気相から液相までの相変化がもたらされることを特徴とする請求 の範囲第22項の液体酸素システム。 29. 全体として垂直に方向付けられた重力補助式の上記凝縮器が、 (a)酸素の流れを受けるための入口部と、 (b)外側部材と、 (c)内側部材と、 (d)上記内側及び外側部材により規定される通路と、 (e)熱の移動を向上させるために、また、液境膜の形成を回避するために、 軸方向のスロットを有する内側部材と、 (f)液化される酸素用の出口部とを有していることを特徴とする請求の範囲 第22項の液体酸素システム。 30. 上記制御装置が、酸素生成器から遠隔に配置されることを特徴とする請 求の範囲第22項の液体酸素システム。 31. 上記制御装置が、酸素濃度および液体酸素の量を管理し、また、モデム を用いて、遠隔より、液体酸素の生成及び移動のパラメータを制御することを特 徴とする請求の範囲第22項の液体酸素システム。 32. 上記制御装置が、酸素濃度および液体酸素の量を管理し、また、無線イ ンタフェースを用いて、遠隔より、液体酸素の生成及び移動のパラメータを制御 することを特徴とする請求の範囲第22項の液体酸素システム。 33. 酸素濃縮装置と、凝縮器と、保管デューワと、コントローラとを有する 移動型酸素生成装置および酸素液化装置を制御するための方法であって、 (a)酸素を患者に供給するために、酸素濃縮装置を使用して気体酸素を生成 するステップと、 (b)液化させる気体の一部を分離するステップと、 (c)凝縮器を使用して上記の分離された酸素を冷却し、酸素を気相から液相 へ相転移させるステップと、 (d)保管デューワに液体酸素を保管するステップと、 (e)酸素濃縮装置によって供給される酸素の濃度と、上記デューワにおける 液体酸素の液面と、上記デューワにおける温度および圧力とを検知するステップ と、 (f)コントローラを使用して条件を計算し上記システムの操作を制御して、 液化と、液体酸素の携帯デューワへの移送とを行うステップと を含む方法。 34. 酸素生成装置と、マイクロプロセッサを有するコントローラと、凝縮器 と、冷凍冷却器と、保管デューワとで構成される家庭用移動型液化酸素システム を制御するための方法であって、 このシステムにおいて、酸素フローの一部または全てが液化のために使用され 、 (a)マイクロプロセッサにデータベースと制御関数とを与えるステップと、 (b)気体酸素の供給および濃度と、デューワにおける液体酸素の液面と、凝 縮器の圧力とに関するパラメータを検知するステップと、 (c)マイクロプロセッサにこれらの検知されたパラメータを与え、マイクロ プロセッサに最適条件を計算させるステップと、 (d)最適条件が上記計算の関数として実現されるように、サーボ機構を制御 してシステムを調節するステップと を含む方法。 35. (a)空気から酸素ガスを分離することができる酸素濃縮装置と、 (b)濃縮装置から分離された酸素を導くための第1出力手段と、 (c)液化のために、上記濃縮装置の出力手段から気体酸素の一部または全て を分離する手段と、 (d)気体酸素を液体酸素に相転移させることができる凝縮器と、 (e)上記出力手段から凝縮器へ酸素の流れを導くための手段と、 (f)冷凍冷却器を使用して上記凝縮器における上記の酸素の流れを液化する ための手段と、 (g)第1デューワを使用して、凝縮された液体酸素を収集するための手段と を含み、ここにおいて、上記第1デューワは、第1デューワからある程度の量の 液体酸素を保管するための第2デューワへ、液体酸素の移送を実施するために使 用するヒータを含み、そこから少量の液体酸素が可動酸素治療のために移送され ることを特徴とする移動型家庭用酸素濃縮液化システム。 36. 酸素濃縮装置が、圧縮復元力吸収(□PSA□)タイプの酸素濃縮装置 である請求項35に記載の装置。 37. 凝縮器への流量が、凝縮器の容量を越えるように選択される請求項35 に記載の装置。 38. 凝縮器への流入フローの20%から90%だけが、液体のアルゴンと窒 素と微量ガスを最小にするために凝縮される請求項35に記載の液体酸素システ ム。 39. 凝縮器の温度がほぼ69.2から109.7kまでの範囲において変化 し、かつ凝縮器の圧力がほぼ5から65psiaまで変化するように、コントロ ーラは凝縮器のパラメータまたは範囲を制御し、凝縮器へ供給されるガスの濃度 は、 酸素:80から100% 窒素:0から20% アルゴン:0から7% のように大体変化する請求項35に記載の装置。 40. 保管デューワからの排気ガスは回収され、凝縮器へ供給されるガスを予 冷するために使用される請求項35に記載の装置。 41. 酸素濃縮装置と凝縮器との間の調節を行う回収熱交換器をさらに含む請 求項35に記載の装置。 42. 第1デューワにおける圧力を検知し、それに応じて上記ヒータを制御す るコントローラをさらに含む請求項35に記載の装置。 43. ガス濃縮装置を通過する全ての微量ガスを除去するために、液体デュー ワを定期的に蒸発乾燥する請求項35に記載のシステム。 44. 全体として垂直に方向付けられた重力補助式の凝縮器は、環状部を規定 する内側中央溝付きコアと、凝縮された液体を逃がすための軸方向のスリットと を有する円形ハウジングを含む請求項35に記載の装置。 45. コントローラが酸素生成装置から離れて配置される請求項42に記載の 液体酸素システム。 46. モデムを使用して遠隔的にコントローラが、酸素濃度と液体酸素の量と を検知し、液体酸素生成のパラメータと液体酸素の移送とを制御する請求項42 に記載の液体酸素システム。 47. 無線インターフェースを使用して遠隔的にコントローラが、酸素濃度と 液体酸素の量とを検知し、液体酸素生成のパラメータと液体酸素の移送とを制御 する請求項42に記載の液体酸素システム。 48. コンピュータと、酸素濃縮装置と、凝縮器と、保管デューワとを有する 家庭用移動型液体酸素システムのためのコントローラであって、 (a)濃縮装置から流出する酸素圧力を検知する手段と、 (b)濃縮装置から流出する酸素濃度を検知する手段と、 (c)デューワにおける液面を検知する手段と、 (d)凝縮器におけるフローパラメータを検知する手段と、 (e)デューワにおける温度を検知する手段と、 (f)凝縮器への気体酸素のインプットを制御する手段と、 (g)保管デューワから液体酸素のアウトプットを開始し制御する手段と、 (h)検知するそれぞれの手段に接続されるプログラム可能な制御手段とを含 み、上記プログラム可能な制御手段は、少なくとも1つの必要とされるインプッ ト/アウトプット制御スケジュールを保管するために使用され、インプットされ た信号を処理するために使用され、1つ以上の制御手段を作動させるために使用 されるコントローラ。 49. 酸素濃縮装置と、凝縮器と、冷凍冷却器と、保管デューワとを利用する 酸素液化システムであって、 (a)酸素濃縮装置からガス流体フローを導くための第1フロー制御手段と、 (b)上記ガス流体を凝縮器へ供給するための第2フロー制御手段と、 (c)上記酸素フローの相を気相から液相に相転移させるために上記凝縮器を 冷却するための手段と、 (d)凝縮器から保管デューワへ液体酸素を移送するための導管と、 (e)保管デューワから液体酸素のフローを供給するための第3フロー制御手 段と、 (f)凝縮器へフローの酸素濃度を検知するための、 保管デューワにおける液面を検知するための、 上記第1、第2、第3フロー制御手段を制御するためのコントローラと、 (g)上記フロー制御手段のそれぞれに接続される上記コントローラにおける プログラム可能な制御手段とを含み、それは、酸素の液化を最適化する際にコン トローラによって使用するためのフローデリバリーおよび液化パラメータを保管 することを特徴とするシステム。 50. 凝縮器への流量が、凝縮器の容量を越えるように制御される請求項49 に記載の装置。 51. 凝縮器への流入フローの20%から90%だけが、液体のアルゴンと窒 素と微量ガスを最小にするために凝縮される請求項49に記載の液体酸素システ ム。 52. (a)気体酸素を受け取るためのインレットと、 (b)外部管状部材と、 (c)全体として垂直に方向付けられた内部部材と、 (d)上記外部部材と内部部材とによって定められる通路と、 (e)外面に切り込みを入れられた軸方向のスリットを有する上記全体として 垂直に方向付けられた内部部材と、 (f)上記通路において上記酸素を循環させるための手段と、 (g)液体酸素を放出するためのアウトレットとを含み、 上記酸素ガスが、上記インレットにおいて上記凝縮器に入り、上記通路を通過 するとき、気相から液相への相転移を生じさせる凝縮が起こることを特徴とする 、酸素を液化する際に使用するために冷凍冷却器と接触する請求項49に記載の 液体酸素システム。 53. 気相から液相への酸素の液化の際に使用するためと、冷凍冷却器ととも に使用するための全体として垂直に方向付けられた重力補助式の凝縮器は、 (a)酸素の流れを受け取るためのインレットと、 (b)外部部材と、 (c)内部部材と、 (d)上記外部部材と内部部材とによって定められる通路と、 (e)熱移動を向上させ、液体フィルムの蓄積を避けるために、軸方向のスロ ットを有する内部部材と、 (f)液化される酸素のためのアウトレットと、 を含む請求項49に記載の液体酸素システム。 54. 酸素を液化する際に使用するために、冷凍冷却器と熱接触する全体とし て垂直に方向付けられた重力補助式の凝縮器は、 (a)気体酸素を受け取るためのインレットと、 (b)外部管状部材と、 (c)内部部材と、 (d)上記外部部材と内部部材とによって定められる通路と、 (e)外面に切り込みを入れられた軸方向のスリットを有する上記内部部材と 、 (f)上記通路において上記酸素を循環させるための手段と、 (g)上記液体酸素のためのアウトレットとを含み、 上記酸素ガスが、上記インレットにおいて上記凝縮器に入り、上記通路を通過 するとき、気相から液相への相転移を生じさせる凝縮が起こることを特徴とする 、酸素を液化する際に使用するために冷凍冷却器と熱接触する全体として垂直に 方向付けられた重力補助式の凝縮器。 55. (a)酸素の流れを受け取るためのインレットと、 (b)外部部材と、 (c)内部部材と、 (d)上記内部部材と外部部材とによって定められる通路と、 (e)熱移動を向上させ、液体フィルムの蓄積を避けるために、軸方向のスロ ットを有する内部部材と、 (f)凝縮器から液体酸素を出すためのアウトレットと、 を含む気相から液相への酸素の液化の際に使用するためと、冷凍冷却器ととも に使用するための全体として垂直に方向付けられた重力補助式の凝縮器。 56. 酸素濃縮装置と、プログラム可能な制御手段を有するコントローラと、 凝縮器と、冷凍冷却器と、保管デューワとを含む家庭用液化システムであって、 (a)空気から酸素ガスを分離する酸素濃縮装置と、 (b)上記濃縮装置から酸素ガスを供給するための、上記酸素濃縮装置からの 第1フローラインと、 (c)酸素のアウトプットフローを制御するために、上記第1フローラインに 配置される第1バルブと、 (d)上記凝縮器を冷却するための冷凍冷却器と協力する凝縮器と、 (e)濃縮装置アウトプットから液体酸素を作成するために冷却するための凝 縮器へ、酸素ガスを供給するために、第1バルブと凝縮器との間をつなぐ第2フ ローラインと、 (f)凝縮器によって液化される液体酸素を保管するための保管デューワと、 (g)凝縮器から保管デューワへ液体酸素を供給するために、上記凝縮器と保 管デューワとの間をつなぐ第3フローラインと、 (h)上記デューワにおいて液体酸素を加熱するためのヒータと、 (i)上記濃縮装置からのフローの酸素濃度を測定するための酸素センサーと 、 (j)上記デューワにおける液面センサーと、 (k)上記デューワにおける温度センサーと、 (l)上記デューワにおける圧力を検知するための圧力センサーと、 (m)上記デューワからの液体酸素のフローを調節するための第2バルブと、 (n)最適液化スケジュール(Optimum Liquefaction Schedule)からの少な くとも1つのパラメータを保管するための、 凝縮器へのインプット気体酸素のフローを制御するための、 さらに検知された条件にしたがって、液化と、保管デューワからの移送を最適 化するための 手段を有し、 酸素センサー、液面センサー、温度センサーおよび圧力センサーからのアウトプ ットを受け取るコントローラと を含む家庭用液化システム。 57. 上記プログラム可能な制御手段が、最適凝縮器パラメータに関する情報 を保管するためと、上記フロー制御手段のいずれかを作動する前に、操作モード の特徴を表示するための手段を含む請求項56に記載の装置。 58. システムが最適液化スケジュールにしたがって作動するように、上記プ ログラム可能な制御手段は、1つ以上の上記バルブの断続的作動を予定するため の手段を含む請求項56に記載のシステム。 59. 上記プログラム可能な制御手段と最適液化スケジュールに応じて、凝縮 器パラメータを最適化するために、選択されたフローおよび条件の作動を調整す るための手段を含む請求項56に記載のシステム。 60. 視覚的にコントローラパラメータを表示するための手段を含む請求項5 6に記載のシステム。 61. 上記保管デューワから供給ポートへ、制御可能な割合で上記液体酸素を 移送するための手段と、所定の最適液化スケジュールにしたがって上記手段を作 動させるための手段とを含む請求項56に記載のシステム。 62. 酸素に富んだ生産ガスの酸素濃度を濃縮装置を用いて増加する酸素液化 システムであって、 (a)上記の濃縮装置から上記の生産ガスを輸送する第1出力ラインと、 (b)液化されるべき上記の生産ガスの1部又は全部を選択的に導管から引き 出す第1バルブと、 (c)上記の第1バルブに依存せず、液化されるべき上記の生産ガスの1部又 は全部を選択的に導管から引き出す速度を検出し、上記の生産ガスの引き出し速 度を第1モデムに通信する流量センサと、 (d)液化のため選択的に引き出される上記の酸素に富んだ生産ガスにおける 酸素濃度を検出し、上記の生産ガスにおける検出された酸素濃度を第1モデムに 通信する酸素センサと、 (e)上記の第1流れ制御手段から引き出された生産ガスを受け取る凝縮器と 、 (f)上記の濃縮装置から第1の使用のため酸素ガスを送るための上記の第1 流れ制御手段からの第2出力ラインと、 (g)上記の第2出力ラインの中の第2流量センサと、 (h)上記の第2出力ラインの中の第2酸素センサと、 (i)上記の凝縮器を冷却する冷凍冷却器と、 (j)凝縮器により液化された液体酸素を貯蔵する貯蔵デューワと、 (k)上記の凝縮器と上記の貯蔵デューワとの間を通じ、上記の凝縮器から上 記の貯蔵デューワに液体酸素を出す第3出力ラインと、 (l)上記のデューワの中の酸素を加熱するヒータと、 (m)上記のデューワの中のレベルを検出する液体レベルセンサと、 (n)上記のデューワの中の温度を検出する温度センサと、 (o)上記のデューワの中の圧力を検出する圧力センサと、 (p)上記の流量を検出する手段と上記の酸素を検出する手段から通信される 定量的信号を受け取り、リモート制御装置へ上記の定量的信号を送る第2モデム と、 (q)上記の第1と第2のモデムから電話で通信し、液化プロセスにおける液 化パラメータを表示する手段を備えるリモート制御装置と からなるシステム。 63. 請求項62に記載された酸素液化システムにおいて、上記の濃縮装置は 、大気を受け取り窒素を選択的に吸収する複数の分子ふるいベッドを用いて回収 された酸素に富んだ生産ガスの酸素濃度を増加し、電気モータで駆動されるコン プレッサは、このコンプレッサを作動する電源電圧を供給する手段を含み、上記 のコンプレッサと共に動作するバルブは、上記の複数の分子ふるいベッドを交互 に空気で満たし、上記のバルブをスイッチするタイミング手段は、タイミングサ イクルにしたがって上記の分子ふるいベッドを交互に大気で満たすことを特徴と するシステム。 64. 請求項62に記載された酸素液化システムにおいて、蒸気の流量センサ は、生産ガスの圧力を測定する圧力センサを含むことを特徴とするシステム。 65. 請求項64に記載された酸素液化システムにおいて、蒸気の圧力センサ と共に動作するマイクロプロセッサを含み、このマイクロプロセッサは、その圧 力検出に応答して凝縮器への生産ガスの流量を決定する手段を含むことを特徴と するシステム。 66. 請求項65に記載された酸素液化システムにおいて、上記のテスト装置 は、凝縮器への生産ガス流量と酸素濃度及び貯蔵デューワにおける圧力と温度を 表示する映像表示手段を含むことを特徴とするシステム。 67. 請求項62に記載された酸素液化システムにおいて、上記のリモート制 御装置は、上記の液化装置から上記の信号を送るため、上記のモデムに選択的に 信号を送ることを特徴とするシステム。 68. 請求項62に記載された酸素液化システムはマイクロプロセッサを含み 、このマイクロプロセッサは、生産ガスの引き出しの速度、上記の酸素センサか らの生産ガスにおける酸素濃度、上記の貯蔵デューワにおける圧力、温度及び液 体レベルの検出値を受け取る手段と、異なる複数の条件における最小の選択され たパラメータを記憶する記憶手段と、検出された上記のパラメータを上記の最小 の選択されたパラメータと比較する比較手段と、上記の検出されたパラメータが 上記の最小の選択されたパラメータより小さくなったとき上記の信号を上記の制 御装置に送るため上記のモデムに信号を送る送信手段とを備えることを特徴とす るシステム。 69. 請求項68に記載された酸素液化システムにおいて、上記の第1モデム は上記のプロセッサに接続され、上記の第2のモデムは、リモートの地点で上記 の制御装置に接続され、これらのモデムが電話で通信することを特徴とするシス テム。 70. 請求項69に記載された酸素液化システムにおいて、上記のマイクロプ ロセッサは、上記の検出された酸素濃度または液化が上記の最小の選択されたパ ラメータより小さくなるとき、上記の信号を上記の制御装置に送るため上記のモ デムに信号を送る手段を含むことを特徴とするシステム。 71. 請求項70に記載された酸素液化システムにおいて、上記のマイクロプ ロセッサは、上記の第1手段および第2手段と共に動作し、上記の制御装置は、 液化パラメータを表示するための選択的ディジタル表示手段を含むことを特徴と するシステム。 72. 請求項70に記載された酸素液化システムにおいて、酸素濃縮装置を含 まない上記の入口システムは、約60ポンド(約30kg)以下の重さであり、 約6立方フィート(約0.5立方メートル)以下の体積である ことを特徴とするシステム。 73. 酸素濃縮装置から得られた気体酸素から液体酸素が生成される移動性酸 素液化システムであって、 (a)空気から酸素を分離する酸素濃縮装置と、 (b)上記の濃縮装置から酸素ガスを輸送する、上記の酸素濃縮装置からの第 1出力ラインと、 (c)上記の第1出力ラインの中に配置され、酸素の送出量を制御する第1バル ブと、 (d)冷凍冷却器とともに動作して、上記の濃縮装置を冷却する凝縮器と、 (e)上記の第1バルブと上記の凝縮器の間に通じ、冷却のため濃縮装置の出 力部から上記の凝縮器へ酸素ガスを送り、液体酸素を生成する第2出力ラインと 、 (f)凝縮器により液化された液体酸素を貯蔵する貯蔵デューワと、 (g)上記の凝縮器と上記の貯蔵デューワとの間を通じ、上記の凝縮器から上 記の貯蔵デューワに液体酸素を出す第3出力ラインと、 (h)上記のデューワの中の酸素を加熱するヒータと、 (i)上記の濃縮装置からの流れの酸素濃度を測定する酸素センサと、 (j)上記のデューワの中の液体レベルセンサと、 (k)上記のデューワの中の温度センサと、 (l)上記のデューワに通じる圧力センサと、 (m)上記の酸素センサ、液体レベルセンサ、温度センサ及び圧力センサの出 力を受け取り、凝縮器への気体酸素の流入量を制御し、検出された条件にしたが って液化と貯蔵デューワからの送出を制御する制御装置と からなる移動性酸素液化システム。 74. 移動性家庭酸素濃縮液化システムであって、 (a)空気から酸素を分離できる酸素濃縮装置と、 (b)分離された酸素を運ぶ、上記の濃縮装置からの第1出力手段と、 (c)上記の濃縮装置の出力手段から気体酸素の全部又は一部を液化のために 分ける第2手段と、 (d)気体酸素に液体酸素への相変化を起こさせる凝縮器と、 (e)上記の出力手段から凝縮器へ酸素の流れを送る手段と、 (f)冷凍冷却器を用いて上気の凝縮器において酸素の流れを液化する手段と 、 (g)デューワを用いて、凝縮された液体酸素を集める手段とからなり、 (m)上記のデューワは、大量の液体酸素を貯蔵するデューワからの液体酸素 の移送を行うために使用できるヒータを含み、移動可能な酸素処理のため少量の 液体酸素を移送できる システム。 75. 酸素濃縮装置、凝縮器、冷凍冷却器及び貯蔵デューワを用いて酸素を液 化するシステムであって、 (a)酸素濃縮装置からの気体の流れを通じる第1流れ制御手段と、 (b)上記の気体の流れを凝縮器に送る第2流れ制御手段と、 (c)上記の凝縮器を冷却して、上記の酸素の流れの相を気体から液体に変化 する手段と、 (d)上記の凝縮器から液体酸素を貯蔵デューワに送る導管と、 (e)貯蔵デューワから液体酸素の流れを進める第3流れ制御手段と、 (f)上記の凝縮器への流れの酸素濃度を検出し、上記の貯蔵デューワにおけ る液体レベルを検出し、上記の第1、第2および第3の流れ制御手段を制御する 制御装置と、 (g)上記の制御装置において上記の各流れ制御手段に結合され、酸素液化の 最適化において、制御装置により使用される、流れの配送と液化のパラメータを 格納するプログラマブル制御手段と からなるシステム。
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JP2008183422A (ja) * | 1997-06-16 | 2008-08-14 | Sequal Technologies Inc | 家庭用液体酸素システム |
JP4729593B2 (ja) * | 1997-06-16 | 2011-07-20 | レスピロニクス・インコーポレイテッド | 家庭用液体酸素システム |
JP2012513230A (ja) * | 2008-12-22 | 2012-06-14 | コーニンクレッカ フィリップス エレクトロニクス エヌ ヴィ | 液体酸素製造装置及び方法 |
KR101030585B1 (ko) | 2009-05-11 | 2011-04-21 | 신동옥 | 산소 공급 기능을 가지는 통신기기 |
JP2016528863A (ja) * | 2013-08-02 | 2016-09-15 | チャート・インコーポレイテッドChart Inc. | 磁気往復ピストンを備えた極低温冷却器 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CA2293287C (en) | 2005-11-01 |
US5979440A (en) | 1999-11-09 |
US6651653B1 (en) | 2003-11-25 |
DE69800669T2 (de) | 2001-11-08 |
CA2293287A1 (en) | 1998-12-23 |
US6681764B1 (en) | 2004-01-27 |
USRE43398E1 (en) | 2012-05-22 |
JP4183760B2 (ja) | 2008-11-19 |
WO1998058219A1 (en) | 1998-12-23 |
EP0990107A1 (en) | 2000-04-05 |
DE69800669D1 (de) | 2001-05-10 |
EP0990107B1 (en) | 2001-04-04 |
JP2008183422A (ja) | 2008-08-14 |
ATE200349T1 (de) | 2001-04-15 |
US6698423B1 (en) | 2004-03-02 |
JP4729593B2 (ja) | 2011-07-20 |
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