JP2002274986A - Method for compoiting livestock waste - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method of composting livestock wastes which is capable of relatively rapidly converting the livestock wastes to compost at a low cost without the need for forced ventilation or turning nor the generation of such malodors causing for the environmental pollution by fermentation. SOLUTION: Useful microorganism groups consisting of diversified kinds of anaerobic bacteria and aerobic bacteria of an anabiosis type are incorporated into the raw material livestock wastes (a). The useful microorganisms groups containing the diversified kinds of the anaerobic bacteria and aerobic bacteria of the anabiosis type in a coexistence state are added to the raw material livestock wastes (a) and the raw materials livestock wastes are deposited on a sloped floor surface 10 with drain ditches 11 and 12 of a fermentation and maturation chamber 9. The raw material livestock wastes are subjected to facultative anaerobic fermentation while moisture is discharged from the drain ditches by the compact of the raw material livestock wastes and the water extraction effect by fermentation temperature and while the raw material livestock wastes are stored in the fermentation chamber without turning. The drain ditches are preferably formed as the drain ditches of the planes formed to a fish bone shape. For the homogenization of the compost, the facultative anaerobic fermentation is effected for about 2 to 5 months and thereafter the aerobic fermentation is effected for about one month by performing finish turning.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for composting livestock dung, which converts livestock dung into compost.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, among the methods for converting manure into compost, the method used in many animal husbandry centers and farmers is to deposit livestock manure collected from a barn on a treatment layer or a treatment room, and to add rice bran or straw. Forcibly ventilating or turning back while adjusting the moisture by appropriately adding a moisture adjusting material such as.
As a result, the aerobic microorganisms living in the manure are activated, and they are matured over a long period of time while releasing the gases generated by the temperature rise due to the aerobic fermentation.

[0003]

However, such a conventional method requires a large amount of labor or special equipment or equipment for forced ventilation or turning back, and in particular, uses a bark system as a litter. In this case, turning over is required ten times or more, and the composting cost is increased, which is uneconomical. In addition, in the conventional method, a large amount of a water conditioning material is required, or the fermentation / sedimentation period required for conversion to compost is longer than one year, which also increases the composting cost. I have.

Further, toxic gas is generated by aerobic fermentation,
When this is released from the treatment plant to the outside, it gives off odor and causes environmental pollution.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and has as its object the purpose of substantially eliminating the need for forced aeration or reversal, and of causing malodor that may cause environmental pollution due to fermentation. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for composting livestock manure which can be converted into compost in a relatively short period of time at a low cost without generating waste.

[0006]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, in the method for composting livestock dung according to the present invention, the raw livestock dung is made to contain useful microorganisms consisting of resuscitation-type various anaerobic bacteria and aerobic bacteria. The raw animal manure is deposited on a sloping floor with a drainage groove in a fermentation / ripening room, and the raw material manure is drained by the compaction of the raw animal manure and the drainage effect by the fermentation temperature, and the raw material is excreted from the drainage channel without turning over The animal manure is subjected to facultative anaerobic fermentation while being stored in the fermentation / ripening room.

[0007] When the raw manure is deposited as described above, the drainage effect is promoted by the compaction of the raw manure and the fermentation temperature (40 to 60 ° C), water is appropriately discharged from the drain, and the moisture content of the raw manure is useful. Create an environment suitable for activating microorganisms. In addition, the raw animal manure is converted into compost in about 2 to 3 months in summer and about 4 to 5 months in winter even without switching back by facultative anaerobic fermentation of anaerobic microorganisms among useful microorganisms. . By the action of these microorganisms, toxic gases such as ammonia, methane gas, carbon dioxide gas, and hydrogen sulfide generated when organic matter is decomposed are decomposed and their emission is minimized. Like fermented foods, it is converted into fermented compost that is safe and effective for soil and crops.

[0008] In order to make the raw animal manure contain the useful microorganism group, preferably, a fermentation promoter produced by adding the useful microorganism group to organic matter such as dried food residue is added to the raw animal manure. It is. As a result, the fermentation accelerator absorbs the water in the raw animal dung and plays a role as a water regulator, creates an environment suitable for activating microorganisms, and activates the bacteria therein.

Another preferable method for incorporating the useful microorganisms into the raw animal manure is to include the useful microorganisms in the feed of livestock in advance. As a result, the discharged livestock dung already contains the useful microorganism group, and at this stage, the growth of the microorganism has already started.

[0010] Preferably, the drainage groove is formed in a fishbone shape in a planar shape, whereby the water content of the raw manure deposited on the drainage groove is suitably adjusted.

Preferably, the facultative anaerobic fermentation is carried out for 2 hours.
The fermentation is performed for about 5 months, and then the cut-back is performed and aerobic fermentation is performed for about 1 month. Thereby, the fermentation is homogenized over the entirety, and a compost without variation is obtained as a product.

Preferably, a grating is provided on the upper surface of the drainage groove on the inclined floor surface with the drainage groove, and the water gradient on the floor surface is set at 1.5 to 3%. Moisture adjustment by drainage is performed more suitably.

[0013] Preferably, the animal dung is fermented and fermented.
By storing it in the aging room at a height of about 2 to 4 m, a sufficient drainage effect due to the compaction of the animal dung can be obtained.

More preferably, the fermentation promoter produced by the useful microorganism group is added to livestock dung in an amount of 0.5 to 2.0.
%, Whereby the decomposition and fermentation of animal dung by microorganisms are brought into a suitable state.

[0015]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a manufacturing facility that implements the livestock manure composting method according to the present invention. This explanatory diagram was created on the assumption that a livestock dung of 50 tons = 62.5 m ³ per day was collected from a barn that raised 1,000 cows.

The method of the present invention will be described with reference to this explanatory diagram. First, raw animal dung a (cow dung) collected from the barn is loaded into the raw material loading wing A, and is loaded into the input pit 1 installed in the raw material loading ridge A. Is done. At the same time, about 0.1 wt% of the active liquid b is added to the raw animal dung a from the tank 2,
Further, a fermentation accelerator c generated by the useful microorganism group of 1.0 wt% with respect to the raw animal dung is added from the hopper 3.
The amount of this fermentation promoter added to animal dung is 0.5 to 2.0.
When the amount is less than 0.5% by weight, the amount of microorganisms is so small that a sufficient effect cannot be obtained, and from the viewpoint of cost-effectiveness, the upper limit is 2.0% by weight.
In addition, the above-mentioned active liquid is mainly added for the deodorization of animal dung.

The active solution is a reanimated anaerobic bacterium of 80 or more species belonging to 5 families and 10 genera, which has a useful function such as photosynthetic bacteria, yeast, lactic acid bacteria, filamentous fungi and actinomycetes in the natural world called EM. And aerobic bacteria in a co-culture by co-existing with a useful microorganism group, for example, the trademark "Sion EM-1" of Sanko Sangyo Sangyo, Okinawa, and the trademark "EM-1" of Shizuoka EM Research Institute "Is a liquid material sold under"

[0018] Further, as shown in the earlier application of the present applicant (Japanese Patent Application No. 2000-13463), a fermentation accelerator is prepared by adding the above-mentioned active solution to a dried organic substance such as food residue in an amount of 0.1 to 0.1%. It was formed by adding 1.0 wt%. When this fermentation promoter c is added to animal dung, the dried organic matter therein quickly absorbs the water in the animal dung and plays a role as a water-regulating material for the animal dung, and also contributes to the growth and activation of useful microorganisms. It is preferred because it provides a suitable environment and activates the bacteria therein.

The lower part of the input pit 1 is opened above the lower end of the S-shaped transfer conveyor 4, and the raw material dung a is placed in the input pit 1.
From the transfer conveyor 4. The transfer conveyor 4 is formed so as to be liquid-permeable such as a mesh, and liquid such as urine separated from the animal droppings transferred from the livestock droppings through the transfer conveyor is transferred to the urine disposed below the transfer conveyor. Receiving 5
And is sent to an underground urine tank C described later.

The raw material excrement a transferred on the transfer conveyor 4 is transferred above the fermentation / ripening building B, and is fed into the drop hopper 6 from there. The fermentation / ripening building B is 77 m long and 7 m high in the horizontal direction, and one end of the horizontal transfer conveyor 7 is located below the outlet hopper 6. As a result, the raw animal manure transferred on the horizontal transfer conveyor 7 is transported over substantially the entire length of the fermentation / ripening building B in the horizontal direction. Below the horizontal transfer conveyor 7, six small transfer conveyors 8 extending in the front-rear direction perpendicular to the horizontal transfer conveyor 7 are arranged at predetermined intervals, and the raw material and feces on the horizontal transfer conveyor 7 are transferred onto the small transfer conveyor 8. Then, it is put into the fermentation / ripening room 9 arranged below the small transfer conveyor 8.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the fermentation / ripening room 9 is a rectangular room having a partition wall height of about 3.5 m, a horizontal width of 7 m, and a front and rear width of 24 m. The floor 10
Is inclined forward with a 2% slope. A central drainage groove 11 is provided in the center of the floor surface 10 in the short direction, and a large number of narrow side grooves 12 communicate with the central drainage groove 11 on both sides of the central drainage groove 11 with the front end at the front. It is shaped like a bone. As shown in FIG. 4A, the central drain groove 11 is a groove having a depth of about 150 mm and a width of about 150 mm provided with a grating 13a on the upper surface. The narrow side groove 12 has a grating 13b on the upper surface as shown in FIG.
Is a groove having a depth of about 100 mm and a width of about 100 mm.

The water gradient of the floor, the width of the drainage gutter, the number and width of the narrow gutters play an important role in adjusting the moisture of the animal dung, and the water gradient of the floor is 1.5 to 3%. ,
Most preferably, it is set to 2%.

Between the fermentation / ripening room 9 where the small transfer conveyor 8 of the fermentation / ripening building B is not located above, a finishing switching room 14 having the same structure as the fermentation / ripening room 9 is provided.

The above-mentioned fermentation / ripening room 9 and finishing turning room 1
4 communicates with the underground urine tank C so that water such as urine contained in livestock dung can be removed from the small side groove 1.
It is separated from livestock dung by 2 and the central drain 11 and is stored in the underground urine tank C therethrough. A pipeline 15 extending from the underground urine tank C and opening at the upper end of the fermentation / ripening room 9 is attached, and underground urine is used as a preliminary device for moisture control and fermentation / ripening promotion of animal manure in the fermentation / ripening room 9. Reservoir C
Is driven so that part of urine can be sprayed from the upper surface of the animal droppings in the fermentation / ripening chamber 9.

As described above, the animal dung introduced into the fermentation / ripening chamber 9 is deposited on the floor 9 as shown in FIG. 3, for example. When the manure a is stored in such a deposited state, the drainage effect is promoted by the compaction of the manure and the fermentation temperature,
Moisture such as urine in livestock dung is gradually discharged to the central drainage ditch 11 through the small ditch 12 formed on the floor surface 9. For this compaction, it is preferable that the animal dung is deposited at a height of 2 to 4 m, preferably 3 m. In addition, the arrangement of the fishbone-shaped drainage grooves 11 and 12 adjusts the animal dung to a water-containing state suitable for fermentation (about 60%), and activates the useful microorganisms contained in the animal dung to produce facultative anaerobic. Ferment,
Converts manure into compost without the need to cut back. The storage period in the fermentation / ripening room 9 required for the conversion to compost is about 4 to 5 months in winter and about 2 to 3 months in summer.

In order to obtain a high quality compost in which the manure is uniformly aged, preferably, after the ripening in the fermentation / ripening room 9, the finishing is turned back. You only need to do it once. This finish cutback
Composted animal manure in the fermentation / ripening room 9 is used as a tire excavator 1
6 and adjacent or adjacent finish turning chambers 1
4 and store it there for about a month.

The compost a 'thus converted from the animal dung is stored in the stock yard D by the tire shovel 16 from the finishing turning room 14 or shipped as a bulk product. The compost stored in the stock yard D is appropriately transported to the product building E, packed in a predetermined bag, and shipped as a product. The animal urine stored in the underground urine tank C is appropriately shipped as liquid fertilizer.

FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of a method for composting in a large-scale barn with 1,000 cattle.
On the other hand, FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment of a composting method in a small-scale barn where 100 cattle are bred. In FIG. 3, the same components as those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals.

In the second embodiment shown in FIG. 3, there is no raw material carrying-in building in the case of FIG. 1, and cow dung a (animal dung a) is directly carried into the fermentation / ripening building from the barn F by the tire excavator 16 or the like. . As a method of causing the cow dung to contain the useful microorganism group, there are a case in which the cow microorganism feed contains the useful microorganism group, and a case in which the active liquid b and the fermentation accelerator c are sprayed on the cow dung in the barn. In order to include the useful microorganism group in the former feed, the above-mentioned active liquid is added to dried food residues and auxiliary materials for feed (such as rice bran and activated carbon fine powder) in an amount of 0.1 to 0.1%.
1.0 wt% is added to produce an organic fermented feed, and this organic fermented feed is added to other cattle feed at a rate of 200 grams per animal per day. In the latter case, it is preferable to sprinkle about 1.0 wt% of a fermentation accelerator on cow dung and also spray about 0.1 wt% of an active liquid mainly for the purpose of deodorization.

In the fermentation / ripening building B, fermentation / ripening rooms 9 are provided on both sides.
Are provided, and a finish switching room 14 is provided therebetween. The cow dung a from the barn F is directly carried into the fermentation / ripening room 9 by the tire shovel 16 and stored therein for a predetermined period. The structure such as the floor surface of the fermentation / ripening room 9 and the finish turning room 14 is the same as the structure of the first embodiment shown in FIGS. Then, in order to obtain excellent compost of a quality in which cow dung is uniformly aged, the fermentation and aging room 9 is used.
The transfer to the finish turning room 14 after the aging in the above is the same as in the first embodiment.

Then, the produced compost is directly shipped as a bulk product. Other structures and composting methods are the same as in the first embodiment.

[0032]

As described above, according to the method of the present invention, water is appropriately discharged from the drainage ditch by the consolidation of the raw animal dung and the drainage effect by the fermentation temperature, and the water content of the raw animal dung increases the activity of the useful microorganism group. An environment suitable for chemical conversion is created, and the raw animal manure is converted into compost in 2 to 5 months without switching back by facultative anaerobic fermentation of particularly useful anaerobic microorganisms among the useful microorganisms.
Also, when turning back to obtain high-quality compost, it is only necessary to perform once after fermentation and aging, so that the labor and cost of repeatedly turning back as many times as conventional can be greatly reduced, and the compost can be reduced. Conversion period can be significantly reduced. In addition, due to the action of microorganisms, toxic gases such as ammonia, methane gas, carbon dioxide gas, and hydrogen sulfide generated when organic matter is decomposed are decomposed to minimize their release, and there is no environmental pollution, and miso and sake etc. Fermented compost that is safe and effective for soil and crops like fermented food.

Furthermore, the present invention does not require a large amount of a water conditioning material as in the prior art, so that it is a very low-cost composting method.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of a manufacturing facility for implementing a method of composting livestock dung according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of a fermentation / ripening room.

FIG. 3 is a side view of the fermentation / ripening room showing a state in which animal manure is stored in the fermentation / ripening room.

FIGS. 4A and 4B are cross-sectional views of a central drainage ditch and a narrow ditch in a fermentation / ripening room, wherein FIG.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a manufacturing facility according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 A Raw material loading building B Fermentation / ripening building C Underground urine tank D Stock yard E Product building F Barn a Cattle dung a 'Compost b Activated liquid c Fermentation promoter 7 Horizontal transfer conveyor 8 Small transfer conveyor 9 Fermentation / ripening room 10 Floor 11 Central drainage groove 12 Narrow side groove 13a, 13b Grating 14 Finish turning room

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page F-term (reference) 4D004 AA02 AC04 BA04 CA18 CB46 CC07 DA03 DA10 DA20 4D059 AA01 BA01 BA11 BA22 BA23 BA24 BA25 BA29 BA32 BA42 BA60 CB04 CC01 4H061 AA02 CC36 EE66 EE70 GG49 GG50 GG70 LL70 LL

Claims (8)

[Claims] Claims: 1. Raw material dung is made to contain a useful microorganism group consisting of resuscitation-type various anaerobic bacteria and aerobic bacteria, and the raw material dung is deposited on an inclined floor with a drain in a fermentation / ripening room; The raw animal manure is subjected to facultative anaerobic fermentation while storing the raw animal manure in the fermentation / ripening room without turning over while discharging water from the drainage due to the water drainage effect by the consolidation of the raw animal manure and the fermentation temperature. Composting method of animal dung. 2. A fermentation promoter produced by adding the useful microorganisms to dried organic matter so as to contain the useful microorganisms in the raw animal manure is added to the raw animal manure. The method for composting animal manure according to claim 1. 3. The method for composting livestock manure according to claim 1, wherein said useful microorganism group is previously contained in livestock feed so that said raw material livestock manure contains said useful microorganism group. 4. The floor according to claim 1, wherein the drainage groove is formed in a fishbone shape in a planar shape on the floor surface.
The method for composting livestock manure according to any one of the above. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the facultative anaerobic fermentation is performed for about 2 to 5 months, and then the finish is turned over and aerobic fermentation is performed for about 1 month. Composting method of animal dung. 6. The drain groove of the inclined floor surface having a drain groove is provided with a grating on an upper surface, and a water gradient of the floor surface is 1.5 to 3.
%. The method for composting livestock manure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the setting is set to%. 7. The animal dung is 2-4 m in the fermentation / ripening room.
2. The container is stored at about the height of
7. The method for composting livestock manure according to any one of claims 6 to 6. 8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the fermentation promoter is added to livestock dung in an amount of 0.5 to
3. The composition according to claim 2, wherein 2.0 wt% is mixed.
And the method for composting livestock manure according to any one of 4 to 7.